水量收支 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shuǐliángshōuzhī]
水量收支 英文
water budget
  • 水 : 名詞1 （由兩個氫原子和一個氧原子結合而成的液體） water 2 （河流） river 3 （指江、河、湖、海、洋...
  • 量 : 量動1. （度量） measure 2. （估量） estimate; size up
  • 收 : Ⅰ動詞1 （把攤開的或分散的事物聚集、合攏） put away; take in 2 （收取） collect 3 （收割） harvest...
  • 支 : Ⅰ名詞1 （分支; 支派） branch; offshoot 2 （地支） the twelve earthly branches3 （姓氏） a surname...
  • 水量 : water yield; the yield of water水量計[表] watermeter; 水量平衡 water balance; 水量收支 water budget
  • 收支 : expenses and receipts; revenue and expenditure; income and expenses
  1. Energy budgets of sinonovacula constricta were carried out at room temperature under indoor static system in october

    摘要採用靜水法測定縊蟶在自然水溫下的能量收支結果。
  2. The thesis is based on income question, forest coverage rate and grop production. to beging with, date envelopment analysis is proved that it can be applicated into grain for green in shan - bei district, and then in view of the fact, seven esential factors which have influence on the project are found out : expense of dam, expense of crop, expense of cash tree, expense of defense tree, other economic crop, expense of grass and graziery ; and the output factors include : income of gdp, pure income per captia, the area of decreasing land loss, graziery income, crop production, income of tree, the totle income of economic crop. after the date of each facts are puted into dea model, unefficiencial decision making units ( dmu ) found. the data that are got through adjusting unefficiencial dmus dy dea can offer guide in shanbei district upgrading of an industrial structure. at the same time, taking into account some possible problems in or after grain for green in shan - bei district, the thesis bring out some propesal to improve the circ umstance, enhance the life level and put the relation of population, resource and circumstance into a healthy orbit

    因此，加快退耕還林還草，調整土地利用結構和產業結構，已成為實現山川秀美工程和可持續發展戰略的必經之路。論文以解決陜北地區的收入問題，植被問題以及糧食產量問題為出發點，首先從理論上分析了包絡分析方法在陜北地區退耕還林（草）中運用的可行性，然後結合陜北地區目前的實際情況，綜合分析出影響陜北地區退耕還林（草）的關鍵的七個因素作為輸入指標：水利水保設施投入，農作物投入，經濟林種支出，防護林支出，其它經濟作物，草類支出，畜牧業投入；以退耕還林所要解決的最終問題作為輸出指標： gdp收入、農民人均純收入、水土流失減少量、牧業總產值、糧食產量、林業總產值、其他經濟作物總產值。將各指標所對應的數據代入模型后，通過分析求解得出非有效的決策單元，再運用包絡分析方法的一些基本原理對非有效的決策單元進行調整，由此所得的數據對陜北地區的實際投入具有很好的指導意義。
  3. Climatological characteristics, which can provide some drought or flood years with large - scale background, are investigated for large - scale water vapor transport over asian - australian monsoon region based on vertically integrated water vapor flux by pentad from 1980 to 1997. at the same time, the differences of moisture transport over the yangtze river basin between drought and flood and the moisture budgets over eastern china from april to september are examined. major results are as follows : i

    使用1980 ? 1997年垂直積分的整層水汽輸送通量資料，從氣候平均的角度分析了亞澳季風區大尺度水汽輸送演變和偏南風水汽輸送在東亞地區推進的氣候特徵，為研究異常年份旱澇事件的產生提供了相應的大尺度背景；同時還討論了長江流域旱澇年水汽輸送的差異以及4 - 9月我國東部各區域的水分收支情況。
  4. The primary causes of the regime shortage are the state monopoly and the state control over the education. the primary cause of the structure shortage is that the budgetary appropriations are not in favor of the compulsory education and the underdeveloped district. then this article puts forward some suggestion to alleviant these kinds of educational shortage : to raise the repay of human capital ; to initiate a system of public financial regulation ; to increase the government appropriation for education ; to relax the state control over education ; to improve the form of the financial transference expenditure, and so on

    總量性短缺的成因主要是我國人口多、經濟發展水平低，教育投資資本邊際效率遞減趨勢、教育投資預期收益相對偏低等；財政性短缺的主要成因是在國家加快推進工業化特別是優先發展重工業的戰略下，政府財政支出的重點必然傾向物質生產部門，而近二十年的財政制度創新都因利益格局的剛性只能作有限突破等；體制性短缺的成因主要是政府壟斷阻礙各類要素往教育領域的流入等；結構性短缺的成因主要是分級分權撥款體制無法保證教育投資的公平等。
  5. Under the opening economy condition, the exchange rate not only is a variable that affects the trade revenue and expenditure, but also becomes an important variable that affects macroeconomic policy of a country, international balances of payments, the domestic price level and the employment. exchange rate system influences monetary policy ultimate objective, and the currency supplies are not easy to control because that our country forces to complete a sale collects and the maintains exchange rate stably

    在開放經濟條件下，匯率不僅是影響貿易收支的變量，而且成為影響一國宏觀經濟政策、國際收支平衡、國內物價水平和就業的重要變量。匯率制度影響貨幣政策最終目標，而且由於強制結售匯制度和維持匯率的穩定造成了貨幣中介目標貨幣供給量的內生性增強，外匯占款成為貨幣供給的主要渠道，大量外匯占款還改變了貨幣供給結構和貨幣政策傳導過程，加大了貨幣政策的操作難度。
  6. This research focused on applying the system analysis principle and mathematical modeling technique to study knowledge expression system for crop cultivation management. based on extensively collecting, understanding, analysis, and integration of expert ' s knowledge and experience, literature and experiment data for cotton cultivation management, the dynamic relationships of cotton growth and management indices to variety types, ecological environments and production levels were quantified, and a dynamic knowledge model for cotton management ( cottonknow ) was developed. by further incorporating the rule - based knowledge system for cotton management, a comprehensive and intelligent knowledge model - based decision support system for cotton management ( kmdsscm ) was established with component design

    本研究著重利用系統分析原理和數學建模技術來研究作物栽培管理的知識表達體系，在廣泛收集及充分理解和分析棉花栽培管理專家知識、經驗和資料的基礎上，利用棉花栽培理論與技術方面的現有研究成果，並結合必要的試驗支持，解析、提煉和綜合棉花生育及管理指標與品種類型、生態環境及生產水平之間的定量化關系，首次構建了棉花栽培管理動態知識模型，並進一步結合基於知識規則的棉花栽培管理知識庫表達系統，設計和實現了綜合性、智能化和構件化的基於知識模型的棉花管理決策支持系統（ kmdsscm ） 。
  7. The model of this paper explores the links between the following factors and the credit rationing in china. the change of banks " attitude to credit risk may lead to credit rationing ; banks give much more emphasis on the trade cost and the payable value of collateral, which may give rise to credit rationing ; the decreasing of asset price during economic stagnation produces credit rationing ; the bias of banks " objective function from the maximization of profit and the transformation of the function relating to the reform of the financial system cause credit rationing ; if different parts of the whole markets are not integrated, the credit in the part with low capital return ratio will be rationed. during economic recession, banks tend to ration the credit in the high - risk market ; the removing of interest ceiling will narrow down the interest spread of deposit and credit at least during a period, which may strengthen credit rationing ; meanwhile, the vulnerable borrowers, including small and middle - sized enterprises, will get more credit from banks even though they have to pay a higher interest rate

    論文的模型探討了下列因素和中國信貸配給現象之間的聯系：商業銀行對信貸風險的態度變化，在辨別和控制信貸風險上開始投入大量的成本，這一過程會導致信貸配給；商業銀行對與法治環境相關的交易成本和抵押品清償價值的日漸關注會導致信貸配給；宏觀經濟緊縮時期資產價格下降會導致信貸配給；商業銀行經營目標函數偏離利潤最大化，近幾年金融業改革過程使商業銀行目標函數發生變化，這一變化過程可能導致信貸配給；在市場分化的條件下，收益水平低的市場會遭受信貸配給；在經濟下滑時期，商業銀行尤其會對高風險市場配給信貸；利率市場化使商業銀行的存貸利差至少在一段時間內縮窄，利差縮窄可能加重信貸配給的程度：在利率市場化條件下，弱勢借款者，包括中小企業，遭受信貸配給的程度可能得到緩解，但支付的貸款利率水平將會升高。
  8. With the trend of openness and integration of globlal economy, exchange rate is playing more and more important role in influencing the allocation of global resources. the sensitivity of the price of tradale goods to exchange rate fluctuation becomes the focus of international economics because it is a critical vector and transmitter when an economy is confronted of exogenous impact. traditional international economics theory assume that nominal exchange rate fluctuation has complete pass - through effect, namely it ’ s change will introduce proportional change of tradable goods, then it will influence such macroeconomic vector as term of trade, import and export, inflation, employment, productivity, income allocation, and so on. from a microeconomic angle, including pricing to market, innovative behavior, menu cost and sunk cost, the paper probe into the pricing model of international enterprices under floating exchange rate and testify the incomplete pass - through of exchange rate and it ’ s detailed reason, then discuss the inspiration it has on china. it ’ s believable this kind of research will play a big part in china ’ s exchange rate scheme and some macroeconomic problems such as exchange rate tranmitting channel and effects, exchange rate fluctuating behavior

    傳統的國際經濟學理論認為，名義匯率的波動具有完全的傳遞性（ completepass - through ） ，即它的變化會引起同比例的進出口貿易品相對價格以及貿易品和非貿易品相對價格的變化，然後通過需求變動的支出轉移效應（ expenditureswitching ）來影響國內經濟的諸多宏觀變量，如貿易條件、進出口貿易額、通脹水平、就業量、勞動生產率以及收入分配等，本文從依市定價（ pricingtomarket ） 、創新行為、菜單成本以及沉澱成本等四個不同的微觀角度，通過對浮動匯率下國際壟斷競爭性生產廠商的定價模型具體而透徹的探討，論證了匯率的不完全傳遞性並深入分析了決定匯率傳遞彈性的重要影響因素，闡述了該理論對人民幣匯率的啟示，這樣的研究會對我國今後的匯率政策以及匯率的傳導機制、傳導效應、波動行為等宏觀經濟問題起到重要的作用。
  9. Based on the observation data such as coads and soda, the main climatological features of the tropical indian ocean and relationships of sea surface temperature ( sst ), heat budget with ocean dynamics and thermodynamics processes are analyzed ; the seasonal and interannual variability of the tropical indian ocean are well simulated using a ocean general circulation model ; based on the thermal equation and model output data, the variation mechanism of sst and heat budget are investigated in the tropical indian ocean ; besides, the effect of seasonal variation of wind stress, ekman pumping and horizontal diffusivity on the ocean current and heat budget are studied, using both ideal model and complex model

    本文根據coads 、 soda等實際觀測資料，較全面的分析了熱帶印度洋主要的氣候特點，並研究了海表面溫度（ sst ） 、熱收支與海洋動力、熱力過程的聯系；利用全球海洋環流模式較好地模擬出熱帶印度洋的季節和年際變化；基於熱力學方程和海洋環流模式輸出結果，探討了熱帶印度洋sst和北印度洋熱量收支的季節和年際變化機制，進一步揭示了海洋動力過程在北印度洋熱平衡中的重要作用；在此基礎上，利用理想化的數值試驗與數值模擬結果相結合的方式，證實了風應力的季節變化和ekman抽吸，以及水平熱量擴散系數對北印度洋海洋環流和熱收支的影響。
  10. The approaches establish a relationship between monthly precipitation abnormality and monthly circulation, soil moisture and temperature on the shallow and deep layers. the relationship is the precipitation diagnostic equation and its coefficients and dimensions are determined by using the observed data of huai river basin. then we select the main soil moisture and temperature attributing factors by the dimensional analysis to establish a forecasting equation of summer precipitation over huai river basin with the statistic approach

    通過將大氣中的熱量、水汽收支方程與一個簡化的兩層土壤溫度、濕度方程相結合，並依據月尺度大氣環流的演變特徵，推導出月降水距平與500hp月平均高度距平場、土壤深淺兩層溫、濕度的關系；利用臺站觀測資料，使用統計反演方法確定方程中各項的系數和量級，從而找出影響降水的主要土壤溫、濕因子；利用統計方法建立這些因子與淮河流域夏季降水異常之間的簡單線性預報方程，並對1992 - 2000年淮河流域夏季降水趨勢進行回報。
  11. In this paper, the three level fortification criterion, two stage design method and the elastic response spectrum theory are adopted, and the program of nba ( the program of nonlinear - aseismic analysis for beam bridge ) is used to calculate. through gathering, analyzing and calculating a lot of bridge design materials, this paper induces a simple way to calculate the relative displacement of the beam and the pier, and then according to the current design method, it concludes a better design principle of the supporting length of the beams. at the same time the dynamics is adopted to put forward the design method of the carrying capacity and the lengthen of prestress wire ( steel bar ) falling - off prevention structures of highway bridges

    本論文採用三水準設防、兩階段設計方法、彈性反應譜計算理論，運用橋梁結構非線性地震響應分析程序nba （ theprogramofnonlinear ? aseismicanalysisforbeambridge ）進行計算；通過收集大量的實橋設計資料，經分析計算，歸納總結出計算上下部結構相對位移的簡便計算方法；並綜合國內外的經驗值，提出梁的支承長度se的設計原則；同時運用動力學突加荷載的原理，推導分析了預應力鋼絞線式（鋼棒連接式）落梁防止裝置設計承載力的計算方法和設計伸長量s _ f的取值；最後本文通過實橋計算，說明了落梁防止系統設計的方法。
  12. Developing and establishing macro - scale distributed hydrological model are required in order to make certain the regional water and energy cycle, study and resolve the hydrology and water resources problems under the changing environment according to the climatic prediction of gcm. as a branch of hydrologic cycle, land - surface hydrologic processes are nearly relative to atmospheric circle by water and energy exchange between land - surface and atmosphere

    為了確定大尺度區域水文循環及能量收支、能夠根據gcm給出的氣候預測，研究和解決變化環境中的水文水資源問題，評估和監測大流域的徑流過程和水資源量的動態變化規律，需要研製和建立大尺度分散式水文模型。
  13. But at the same time, too much foreign exchange reserves can also bring negative influence to a county ’ s economy, which include the high opportunity cost and the restriction to monetary policy. so, moderate scale of foreign exchange reserves is so important to economic development

    在縱觀西方各主要外匯儲備需求理論的基礎之上，我們認定國際收支變動、進口水平、機會成本、進口傾向、經濟規模、貨幣供應量、外債規模和央行干預需求八個變量是影響外匯儲備需求的主要經濟要素。
  14. A dynamic model for dissolved inorganic nitrogen ( din ) and phosphate ( po4 - p ) cycles and budgets in jiaozhou bay was established according to the principles of d - n - p - z model. in the model, 6 state variables ( din, po4 - p, phytoplankton, zooplankton, organic detritus, and dissolved organic nutrients ) were included. logically this model was divided into three modules - nutrients input, nutrients cycle in seawater, and output of both dissolved substances ( e. g

    本文根據n ? p ? z ? d模型的基本原理，建立了膠州灣氮、磷營養鹽循環收支動力學模型，主要包括營養鹽輸入，營養鹽生物、化學遷移和轉化內循環，溶解態和顆粒態物質水動力輸出3個邏輯模塊，涉及溶解無機氮（ din ） 、磷酸鹽（ po _ 4 - p ） 、浮游植物、浮遊動物、有機碎屑和溶解有機態營養鹽6個狀態變量。
  15. The government has implemented a sewage charge to cover part of the cost of collecting, transporting and treating sewage. a secondary aim of the charge is to encourage you to think twice about how much water you use to flush away domestic sewage

    政府引入排污費，以支付污水收集、運輸和處理的部份開支，同時用以鼓勵家居用戶節約用水，主動減低住宅排放的污水量。
  16. The main purpose of our paper is to build the coupling pelagic - benthic one - dimensional box model for yscwm, and use it to study the seasonal variability of the vertical structure of each variables, energy flow characteristics, the contribution of microbial loop and the income and expenses of nutrient elements of the ecosystem in this region

    本文的主要研究目標是構建黃海冷水團水域水層-底棲耦合生態系統垂直一維模型，並利用此模型對該海域生態系統各生態變量垂向結構的季節變化特徵、物流能流結構特徵以及微食物環的貢獻和營養鹽的收支循環等問題進行動力學研究。
  17. The knowledge of the surface air - sea heat fluxes variability on different space - time scales is vital to understanding the earth ' s climate change and the balance of global energy and fresh water budget

    海表潛熱和感熱通量的時空變化研究是全球氣候變化研究和氣候系統能量平衡和淡水收支的重要方面。
  18. The santa clara valley water district is a water wholesaler. the following rates reflect what water retailers and agricultural users pay for wholesale or well water

    描述:本網站包括了用水零售商和農業用戶支付批發用水和井水的比例以及不同類型的農業用水量（包括地下水，地表水，存儲水等） ，收費情況，計算公式等等。
  19. However, with the advancement of society and economy, unblanced water input and output, the water consumption in the city increases so rapidly that karst groundwater, the source of the jinan springs, has been over extracted heavily

    但近幾年來，隨著社會經濟的發展和人口的增加，水資源量收支失衡，濟南泉水之源? ?巖溶地下水被超量開采。 90年代，僅濟南市區、東郊、西郊水源地的集中開采量就達到55 60萬立方米日。
  20. The private sector has recently voiced concern that fund - supported reform programmes have not been sufficiently strong to achieve a country ' s objectives of balance of payments and debt sustainability

    私人部門最近已表示擔心，稱國際貨幣基金組織支持的改革計劃力量不夠強大，不足以讓受援國達到其國際收支平衡和可承受債務水平的目標。
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