河流情況 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [héliúqíngkuàng]
河流情況 英文
river regime
  • 河 : 1 （天然的和人工的大水道） river 2 （指銀河系） the milky way system; the galaxy 3 （特指黃河） t...
  • 流 : Ⅰ動1 （液體移動; 流動） flow 2 （移動不定） drift; move; wander 3 （流傳; 傳播） spread 4 （向壞...
  • 情 : 名詞1 （感情） feeling; affection; sentiment 2 （情分; 情面） favour; kindness; sensibilities; fe...
  • 況 : Ⅰ名詞1 （情形） condition; situation 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ動詞（比方） compare Ⅲ連詞[書面語] （...
  • 河流 : rivers; stream
  1. The pollution problems of the rivers and streams in that region have accordingly improved considerably in the past decade. however, as the base flow of local rivers and streams is generally small, their assimilative capacity is therefore low. this, coupled with the continued development and hence population growth in the river catchments, as well as the lack of maintenance of many private septic tank systems, has caused the water quality of some rivers and streams in the northwest new territories to remain unsatisfactory

    而溪流的污染情況在過去的十年間亦因此而有所改善，但由於本地河溪的流速相當慢，河流的自凈能力相對偏低，而河溪的周邊不斷發展，人口持續增加，加上部分私人的化糞池系統欠缺打理，未能有效運作，所以新界西北仍有部份河溪水質未如理想。
  2. Bournes are a particular case with a seasonal flow depending on winter rainfall.

    歇河屬于特殊情況，其季節性水流依賴于冬季降雨。
  3. It makes the deduction on design tidal level process more reasonable than ever. finally, taking into account the observed data of tidal level are much more integrated than observed data of tidal discharge and the correlative relationship are established based on large numbers of samples. then, the sub stage maximum tidal discharges and tidal velocities are obtained according to the regressive equations and the observed tidal level, and the sub stage design maximum tidal discharges and tidal velocities are estimated by way of frequency analysis

    最後，針對橋位河段實測潮流資料短缺而潮位資料相對完整的實際情況，基於大量樣本建立了潮流量與潮汐要素的相關關系，利用實測長系列潮位資料得到分期最大潮流量、潮流速系列，經頻率分析確定了分期設計最大潮流量、潮流速。
  4. In an actual case of the numerical modeling on the flood of both the north branch and the mid - downstream of daqing river in haihe river hasin, the flood is simulated with one - dimensional model, in which flood regulation of the retarding basin, the discharge gate control and the infiltrations of the northern rivers are considered

    在海河流域大清河北支及中下遊河道洪水數值模擬的實際工作中，應用了一維河網模型進行洪水的模擬計算，並根據實際情況加入了蓄滯洪區調度、泄洪閘控制調度以及近年來北方河道入滲的特點等條件，計算效果良好。
  5. Furthermore, on the basis of consultancies, inquiries and evaluations from multiple sources, the model for predicting soil and water loss in dandong - zhuanghe highway construction is developed. moreover, considering the characteristics of the highway, the covering area of the project is divided into three parts such as main body area, soil - fetching area and soil - spoiling area. for these three preventive areas, the perfect precaution measures for preventing and curing the soil and water loss during the road construction in which a number of vegetal cover measures are taken

    論文中詳細調查並介紹了項目情況及沿線自然、社會經濟狀況；收集研究了公路建設項目水土流失預測的基本內容和方法，在多方查詢、請教專家及分析研究的基礎上，提出了丹莊高速公路水土流失預測模型，針對項目不同區域進行了水土流失預測和分析，為水土保持措施的設計提供了定量依據；論文根據高速公路項目的特點，將丹東至莊河高速公路項目區分成了主體工程、取土場、棄土場三個水土流失防治區，並在初步設計文件的基礎上，針對三個水土流失防治區進行了較為完善的水土保持防治措施設計；論文在丹東至莊河高速公路水土保持方案設計中大量採用了植被防護措施，為了更有力地指導植被措施的施工，論文中還就植被保持水土的有效性進行了研究探討。
  6. Length of navigable inland waterways ： refers to the length of the natural rivers, lakes, reservoirs, canals, and ditches open to navigation during a given period, which enables the transport by ships and rafts

    內河航道里程：也稱「內河通航里程」 ，是反映內河水運網規模、水平和發展情況的主要指標；是指在一定時期內，能通航運輸船舶及排筏的天然河流、湖泊水庫、運河及通航渠道的長度。
  7. In this paper, river water quality prediction is integrated with water pollution control measures. two parameters, water environmental capacity and pollution index are selected for pollution control measures. the objective is achieved after the development of simulation model using one - dimensional advection dispersion equation. the model algorithm and computer program is an improvement over the existing water quality models, since the model solution involves four point implicit upwind schemes for water quality prediction and pollution control measures at each grid point. model simulation results the assessment of water environmental capacity that yield the acceptable and realistic pollutants concentration in order to maintain water quality objectives. the pollution and overall pollution index of the river is suggested for integrating number of contaminants variables into one index. study provides the mathematical and scientific procedure for water quality management. the new approach is helpful for the water pollution control and to study the impacts of waste effluents on the river system for strategic planning purposes

    本文將水質預測及水污染控制措施有機地結合，選取水環境容量和污染指數作為水污染控制的參數.這樣，一維對流-擴散水質方程的求解除就是實現本研究目的的關鍵.本研究採用的模型在現有的水質模型基礎上有所改進，因為其採用四點隱格式對水質進行預測，推求可接納污染物的環境容量值及為保證水質而限定的污染物濃度值，從而制定相應的水污染控制措施.為整體考慮各種污染物的情況，建議採用河流的污染指數進而推求綜合污染指數.總之，本研究為水質保護提供了科學的計算方法，該法對水污染控制及污水對河道水質的影響是實用有效的
  8. Abstract : in this paper, river water quality prediction is integrated with water pollution control measures. two parameters, water environmental capacity and pollution index are selected for pollution control measures. the objective is achieved after the development of simulation model using one - dimensional advection dispersion equation. the model algorithm and computer program is an improvement over the existing water quality models, since the model solution involves four point implicit upwind schemes for water quality prediction and pollution control measures at each grid point. model simulation results the assessment of water environmental capacity that yield the acceptable and realistic pollutants concentration in order to maintain water quality objectives. the pollution and overall pollution index of the river is suggested for integrating number of contaminants variables into one index. study provides the mathematical and scientific procedure for water quality management. the new approach is helpful for the water pollution control and to study the impacts of waste effluents on the river system for strategic planning purposes

    文摘:本文將水質預測及水污染控制措施有機地結合，選取水環境容量和污染指數作為水污染控制的參數.這樣，一維對流-擴散水質方程的求解除就是實現本研究目的的關鍵.本研究採用的模型在現有的水質模型基礎上有所改進，因為其採用四點隱格式對水質進行預測，推求可接納污染物的環境容量值及為保證水質而限定的污染物濃度值，從而制定相應的水污染控制措施.為整體考慮各種污染物的情況，建議採用河流的污染指數進而推求綜合污染指數.總之，本研究為水質保護提供了科學的計算方法，該法對水污染控制及污水對河道水質的影響是實用有效的
  9. Indiscriminate disposal of waste from the livestock industry has been one of the main causes of pollution in streams in the new territories, and still constitutes a health hazard in places

    禽畜業人士任意棄置廢物，曾經是新界區河流污染的主要原因之一，某些河流的污染情況至今仍對市民的健康構成威脅。
  10. By computing the water level and sedimentation processes with and without considering the extension of flow path, the results show that the effect of the river mouth path extension on the sedimentation of the trail channel is a longer period of evolution for several years or even over 10 years, and furthermore, the effect becomes weaker and weaker gradually from downstream to upstream in general

    通過比較考慮和不考慮入海流路淤積延伸2種情況的計算水位和淤積量的變化得出：單一的河口延伸對下遊河道淤積的影響過程是一個相對較長的過程，需要幾年、甚至十幾年的發展，影響程度自下游到上游逐漸減弱。
  11. Due to issues of dongting lake districts flood composition, the evolution of sediment flow, the river and lake ( r & l ) distribution characteristic as well as the layout of r & l - dredging engineering, the article simulated the model of the dongting lake terrain change by using the gis technology and adopted the limited volumetric method to establish the two - dimensional hydraulics computation model of lake in order to forecast the water level, the flow capacity, the speed of flow and changes of flow field after implemented the project, which have provided the reliable theoretic basis for the decision - making and implementation of renovation for river course, canal and harbor and river course - dredging engineering

    摘要針對洞庭湖區的洪水組成、水流泥沙演變、河道湖泊水系分佈特點以及河道湖泊疏浚工程布局情況，利用gis技術模擬洞庭湖地形變化，採用有限體積法建立了湖泊二維水力學計算模型預測疏浚工程實施后的水位、流量、流速流場變化，為河道、航道港口整治、河道疏浚清淤等工程決策與實施提供了可靠理論依據。
  12. Aiming at the 28km long river regulation and protection works on fuyuan reach where the river evolutions are complicated and the dimensions of control works are difficult to calculate, this dissertation is to study three - dimensional numerical analogue not only under natural conditions but also under ten regulation schemes, using the river sediment quasi - two - dimensional model associated with the river sediment plane two - dimensional model and the river three - dimensional model

    針對江道演變復雜，工程布局及控導工程結構尺寸難以計算的撫遠28公里長江段的防護整治工程，按天然情況和10個不同整治方案利用河流泥沙準二維數學模型、河流泥沙平面二維數學模型和河道三維水流數學模型結合進行三維整體的數值模擬。
  13. The super entropy produce criterion is a good tool to judge the system ' s abrupt change from a lower grade to a higher one. in this paper the entropy of the urban resource - environment system was defined, and in an example of its application the super entropy produce criterion of the urban resource - environment system reflected the real developmental process of the whole system. furthermore, in this paper, a new model for the grid size optimization of the finite element method ( applied to the water quality modeling of the topographically complicated river ) was brought forward based on the maximum information entropy theory in condition that the length of gird was given

    超熵產生判據為我們提供了判斷系統從低級有序向高級有序突變過程的工具，本文提出了城市資源與環境系統熵的定義，在實例中的應用證明城市資源與環境系統的超熵產生判據較好地反映了整個系統的演化情況；另外，本文針對在城市復雜河道情況下，利用有限單元法求解河流水質模型時網格單元大小難確定的問題，引入網格信息熵的概念，提出了有限單元法求解河流水質模型的網格優化方法。
  14. After analyzing the situation and influences of river shipping in jiangsu province, with qualitative and quantitative analysis methods, this paper forecasts the following contents, including the whole cargo transportation lord, the cargo transportation volume, the main bulk cargo volume and the main waterway volume in jiangsu. the final result is the theory basis of jiangsu river shipping strategy research

    本文通過對江蘇省內河航運業發展的實際情況和影響因素分析，運用定性和定量的預測方法，對江蘇省未來內河貨運總量（貨運量、貨運周轉量）發展趨勢以及貨流情況做出預測，為江蘇省內河航運合理定位和發展戰略的制定提供必要的數據和理論依據。
  15. Excavating riverbeds in one channel may not only reduce the velocity area in some areas but also increase the velocity in other areas by increasing flow rate in this channel without correspondent changes in riverbeds of rocky rapids. in result, the velocity in waterway may be increased instead of be reduced, the flow condition may also be deteriorated. thus, which branch should be excavated and how to excavate in improving the flow condition of the branch should be further explored

    但在分汊河道內，情況較為復雜，在一汊河道內採取開挖措施后，雖然其過水斷面有所增加，局部流速相應降低，但是由於工程后，汊道的分流比將會相應變化，而石質河床一般無法通過沖淤變化以適應水流條件的改變，因此，航道內工程處的流速可能降低，也可能不降反而有所增加，惡化了航道的水流條件。
  16. In this thesis, first, reasons and factors for the stability of loose rock dams were summarized according to the field surveys and certain expert ' s experiences. then, researches on block stability problems were reviewed, and according to the relationship between grain size and incipient velocity, it is found that the block weight is in direct proportion to 6 - 9 power of incipient velocity, and 50 % increase of the velocity will result in about 40 times change of the block weight. after that, experiments were conducted in a flume, focusing on the relationship between incipient velocity and some main factors including block weight, water depth over the dam, cross - section size, block material and river bed material

    本文首先根據散拋石壩損毀情況的現場調查資料，結合有關專家多年的整治經驗，總結出壩體的損毀原因及影響因素；對現有塊體穩定性的研究成果進行回顧和總結，並針對散拋石壩的直接損毀現象，結合山區河流的水流、地形特點，利用塊體粒徑與起動流速的關系，提出塊體穩定重量與起動流速高次方成正比的概念，流速50的增長可能導致塊體穩定重量接近40倍的變化；通過二維變坡水槽試驗，研究了壩體穩定的主要影響因素，包括塊體重量、壩頂水深、斷面尺寸、塊體材料（塊石和卵石兩種） 、護底等，結果表明對于山區河流，試圖僅僅通過增加壩體單個塊體重量或斷面尺寸來提高壩體穩定性效果甚微；最後，根據西部地區的自然、經濟、交通等條件，提出可以採用柔性混凝土鉸鏈體等一類整體性較好的護面層作為散拋石壩的防沖毀措施，以期取得良好的工程效果。
  17. Normally water resources is affected by human activities and climatic change, but it is affected mainly by climatic change in runoff forming regions located in the high and middle mountainous area in the northwestern china. river runoff in the hexi inland arid region all originates from the qilian mt. area and the change of mountainous runoff resulted from global weather warming up and will bring an important effect to the development of society and economy in the hexi region. so the response on mountainous runoff and its changing trends are analyzed on the basis of the measured data of precipitation, air temperature, and discharges observed from some weather and hydrologic stations in the studied area. the results show that seasonal variation of mountainous runoff in the hexi inland region is mainly affected by the river ' s geographical location and supply source, and the yearly change by precipitation and that in the west of the region by air temperature besides precipitation. there are some obviously regional differences in the influences of climatic change on surface runoff in the hexi inland arid region, that is, rivers runoff in the west of the hexi area have been increasing and rivers in the east part have been decreasing, and the rivers runoff in the central part presented slowly increase trend, such as the heihe river, but it is not quite obvious

    一般情況下，水資源的變化主要受氣候變化和人類活動的影響，但在位於我國西北內陸乾旱地區的中高山地帶，徑流的形成主要受前者的影響.甘肅省的河西內陸乾旱區是該省重要的工農業生產和經濟開發區，這里各項社會和經濟活動與出山徑流的變化都有著十分密切的關系.因此，筆者根據有關水文氣象臺站的降水、氣溫和徑流觀測資料，分析了以黑河、昌馬河、西營河等主要河流為代表的河西內陸區出山徑流的變化特徵與規律.結果表明，河西內陸區出山口徑流的季節變化主要受地理位置和河流補給來源的影響，而年際變幅則受山區降水量年際變化及變幅的影響十分明顯.目前，梨園河以西河流水量處于上升階段，梨園河以東的河流則處于下降的階段;以黑河幹流鶯落峽水文站年徑流為代表的走廊中部地區的出山口徑流正處於1990年開始的枯水段的上升段.但總體而言，河西內陸乾旱區出山口徑流的變化相對比較穩定.預計今後若干年內，河西內陸乾旱區東段河流出山口徑流的變化以偏枯為主，中段、西段河流出山口徑流的變化以平水或平水偏豐為主
  18. Through such division, the author gives out scientific analysis and results on the chronological sequences and evolving process. part four : stage division. combined with porcelains excavated in henan province, the author divides white porcelains into four stages : the first on is from northern qi to sui dynasty, i. e. 575 a. d. to 617 a. d., sum to 105 years ; the second is from the early to prosperous tang dynasty, i. e. 618 a. d. to 766 a. d., sums up to 148 years, the third one is

    在詳盡佔有出土白瓷材料和吸收前人相關研究成果的基礎上，本文首先對所收集到的河南地區出土的早期白瓷進行了器類劃分，並對主要器類進行了型式分類;其次，從出土白瓷的數量、工藝發展水平、歷史背景等方面綜合考慮，對河南早期白瓷進行了分期嘗試，確立了河南白瓷的四個發展時期;然後又初步探討了河南各遺存出土的白瓷的窯口歸屬問題，推定了一些白瓷的源流;最後，對河南早期白瓷窯與邢窯、定窯、耀州窯以及景德鎮窯的關系與交流情況進行了簡單地論證與分析。
  19. Abstract : a numerical model for wave propagation in water of varying topography and current is proposed, and time - dependent wave mild - slope equation with a dissipation term and corresponding equivalent governing equations are presented. two different expressions of parabolic approximations for the case of the absence of current are also given and analyzed. examples of numerical simulation for wave transformation in large estuarine water areas are provided

    文摘:提出了水深與流場緩變水域波浪傳播數學模型水流中依賴時間變量並考慮能耗的波浪「緩坡方程」及其等價的控制方程組，分析比較了無水流情況此理論模型與其相應的兩種拋物型近似的差別，提供了長江口波浪變形數值模擬計算工程實例.實例表明，該模型能適應河口三角洲大范圍水域波浪傳播數值計算
  20. An affluence model for debris flow and river is established by using this assumption. the equations of the model are approximately applied for simplicity

    對主河無水流情況下的泥石流運動（即溝道泥石流運動）進行了數學模擬。
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