法定屬具 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [fǎdìngzhǔjù]
法定屬具 英文
statutory equipment
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 定 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （平靜; 穩定） calm; stable 2 （已經確定的; 不改變的） fixed; settled; established Ⅱ動詞...
  • 屬 : 屬名詞1 （類別） category 2 [生物學] （生物分類系統上所用的等級之一） genus 3 （家屬; 親屬） fami...
  • 法定 : legal; statutory法定安培 legal ampere; 法定貶值 official devaluation; 法定標準 statutory standard...
  1. In view of the problems in the supervision and management for import and export, such as the various and scattered ports, low supervision and management capacity of custom officers, and unlawful border trade for wild fauna and flora, we suggested the measures, including specifying the ports, labeling the exported wild fauna and flora, improving the cooperation between administrative departments for import and export and customs, and fight strongly against border smuggling activities, etc. the adscription of the right for examination and approval of trade species is not definite, and the examination and approval was too time - consuming

    針對野生動植物進出口監管中存在的口岸多而分散、海關關員現場監管能力弱、邊境野生動植物非法貿易等問題，提出採取限定進出口口岸、對出口野生動植物進行標記、加強進出口管理部門與海關的合作及嚴厲打擊邊境走私活動等具體管理措施。鑒於野生動植物進出口審批存在物種管理權屬不明確、審批過程太長等問題，提出加強法制建設並採取相應的技術措施加以規范和完善的具體建議。
  2. Optimized association rules are permitted to contain uninstantiated attributes. the optimization procedure is to determine the instantiations such that some measures of the roles are maximized. this paper tries to maximize interest to find more interesting rules. on the other hand, the approach permits the optimized association rule to contain uninstantiated numeric attributes in both the antecedence and the consequence. a naive algorithm of finding such optimized rules can be got by a straightforward extension of the algorithm for only one numeric attribute. unfortunately, that results in a poor performance. a heuristic algorithm that finds the approximate optimal rules is proposed to improve the performance. the experiments with the synthetic data sets show the advantages of interest over confidence on finding interesting rules with two attributes. the experiments with real data set show the approximate linear scalability and good accuracy of the algorithm

    優化關聯規則允許在規則中包含未初始化的屬性.優化過程就是確定對這些屬性進行初始化，使得某些度量最大化.最大化興趣度因子用來發現更加有趣的規則;另一方面，允許優化規則在前提和結果中各包含一個未初始化的數值屬性.對那些處理一個數值屬性的演算法進行直接的擴展，可以得到一個發現這種優化規則的簡單演算法.然而這種方法的性能很差，因此，為了改善性能，提出一種啟發式方法，它發現的是近似最優的規則.在人造數據集上的實驗結果表明，當優化規則包含兩個數值屬性時，優化興趣度因子得到的規則比優化可信度得到的規則更有趣.在真實數據集上的實驗結果表明，該演算法具有近似線性的可擴展性和較好的精度
  3. It was suggested that eric - pcr could substitute for rapd in research related to the genetic identification and genetic diversity in auricularia and other edible and medicinal fungi : 2 to a certain extent, genetic differences among auricularia strains tested in this study did not have necessary relativity with their geographical origins respectively ; 3 in this study, genetic diversity in a. polytricha was higher than that in a. auricula : 4 in this study, a. fuscosuccinea had a higher homology to a. auricula than to a. polytricha ; 5 morphological characteristics validated the results from eric - pcr and provided a potential explanation for the higher similarity coefficient between a. auricular and a. fuscosuccinea ; 6 southern hybridization was employed by choosing a strain from a. auricula as a probe which hybridized with a. auricula and a. fuscosuccinea except a. polytricha, further confirming the veracity of the results from eric - pcr ; 7 in this study, isozyme analysis could not cluster the 7 strains from three auricularia species to different groups efficiently ; 8 2 strains from two auricularia species revealed high conservative degree and the restriction fragment patterns by 4 kinds of restricted enzymes showed no diversity

    本研究中，木耳屬2個種的2個菌株在its區域表現出較高的保守性， 4種限制型內切酶的酶切圖譜沒有顯示出多態性；增加內切酶種類及供試菌株數量，有可能獲得具有多態性的限制性內切酶酶切圖譜； 9本實驗中， its區域的真菌特異性引物與真核生物通用引物對于擴增效果無較大差異，擴增片段長度均為650bp左右； 10根據形態學實驗、 eric - pcr實驗以及southern雜交實驗的結果分析，紫木木耳屬種質資源的遺傳鑒定和遺傳多樣性評價耳極有可能是毛木耳種的一個變種; n .本研究中所用的gutc法是一種適用於木耳屬菌株基因組洲a快速提取的方法; 12 .傳統的形態學分類法和現代的分子生物學分類法，兩者的關系是相輔相成，互為驗證
  4. The author considers the legal system of intellectual property right is opening so that the domain name should be included as a kind of independent right. in the following parts of the essay, the author explores the fundamental causes of conflict and re - classifies the types of conflict between domain name and trademark, reanalyzes the similarity and the difference between domain name and trademark, makes comparison between the three major domain name dispute resolutions that have already been provided ( udrp, acpa and the domain name disputes solution of china ), it can provide ground for an effective method for solution. at last, the thesis baldly points out that it should stand an independent legal status in ip law

    故，筆者欲突破在商標及商標法框架下研究域名的思維定勢，重新審視域名法律地位、分析其法律屬性;以域名與商標沖突為典型，研究導致沖突的原因;從平等中立的角度，以貫穿經典案例的方法重新劃分沖突分類:以橫向比較分析的研究方法評介全球具有代表性的沖突解決方案和我國新的域名政策以及司法解釋，為正確提出解決方案建立基礎;探討域名爭議解決的主要原則，分析域名在我國的立法模式;最後，筆者將在全文分析的基礎上，嘗試提出域名權利問題，以期能從根本上尋求解決域名的法律保護以及沖突的公平解決的合理機制。
  5. As an advanced materials preparation technology, spray - deposition has shown remarkable superiority in producing large - sized alloys and metal matrix composites. however, the spray deposeted preforms usually contain a certain quantity of porosity. besides, the oxide films on the surface of the particles lead to week metallurgic conjunction between the particles. in order to obtain an ideal structure and performance, the porous preforms need further densifying and plastical forming. in this paper, a new technology named wedge pressing was used to densify spray - deposeted 5a06 aluminium alloy, in which the large deformation can be obtained through the sum - up of local deformation and multi - step small deformation. this method can also solved the problems in traditional processing and greatly decreased the producing cost. what ’ s more, the reserch on the wedge pressing desification rules about the large - sized spray deposeted preforms was significant it was vital not only to the further densification of the prefoums but also to the further research on plastical deforming the research was also benefit to the industrialization an the application of the spray deposeted porous materials

    坩堝移動式噴射沉積技術作為一種先進的材料制備新技術，在制備大尺寸合金及金屬基復合材料方面具有顯著的優越性。然而噴射沉積坯件特別是大型坯件通常存在一定量的孔隙，顆粒表面存在一定量的氧化膜，顆粒之間未能完全達到良好的冶金結合狀態，因此需要進行后續緻密化和塑性變形才能獲得理想的組織和性能。本文採用一種新型的楔形壓制工藝，即通過局部變形、多道次小變形累積實現大變形的緻密化加工方法，對噴射沉積多孔坯料進行后續緻密化和塑性變形，很好地解決了傳統加工工藝的難題，大大降低了生產成本。
  6. Because the factorization attribute of logic program possess the property of uncertainty, exploring the fargoing factorizing algorithm need further study

    由於邏輯程序的可分解屬性具有不確定性，因此尋找適用范圍更廣的分解演算法有待于進一步研究。
  7. The second chapter firstly expounds upon some principles of incorporation clause in the b / l under c / p at common law : a clause which is directly germane to the subject matter of the bill of lading ( that is to the shipment, carriage and delivery of goods ) can and should be incorporated into the bill of lading contract ; the ancillary terms / clauses of the charter - party could not be incorporated into the bill of lading unless these ancillary terms / clauses are explained by the specific words in the charter - party or in the bill of lading ; presumed intention of charter - parties should be found by the incorporation clause ; an incorporation clause is subject to the loading, carriage and delivery of the goods ; only charter - party terms, which are usual and reason, could be included in the bill of lading etc. - 1 - based on these rules i elaborate on some terms of the charter - party which often arise disputes, for example freight clause, dead - freight clause, demurrage clause and arbitration clause etc. could be incorporated into the bill of lading or not ; if could how these clauses should be incorporated into b / l

    第二章首先闡明英美普通法中對租約提單中併入條款解釋的幾大原則：與合約標的事項直接關聯的原則； 「附屬性條款」需有效合併的原則；合併條款要尋求雙方訂約的意願；合併主要是針對與貨物運輸和貨物交付有關的內容；合併的條款必須公平合理等原則。然後根據這些原則，具體闡述租約中容易產生糾紛的條款，如運費條款、虧艙費條款、滯期費條款、仲裁條款等條款能否併入提單，如何併入提單的問題。在具體說明的過程中，也闡述了我國海商法的規定及實務中的做法，並盡可能對其進行分析，指出其中不完善之處，並試圖提出一些改進的方法。
  8. Abstract : the mechanical analysis for arch bridge with flat hinge joints is a mechanical problem with non - linear boundary. mechanical analysis of methods at present is not clear, which can not calculate the arch bridge with changeable section and section with complicate shape. in this paper, the new method used to get the section resistance coefficient k is presented, the iterative procedure is established to calculate the internal forces of arch bridge with flat hinge joints, and the computational example is given. the method can apply to the arch bridge with any numbers of flat hinge joints and any shape section

    文摘:平鉸拱橋結構的受力分析屬于邊界非線性力學問題，目前的一些方法受力分析不太明確，對變截面、復雜形狀截面等平鉸拱橋無法進行計算.針對這種情況，提出了確定平鉸截面抗力系數k的新方法，建立了計算平鉸拱橋內力的迭代演算法，並進行了實例計算，研究結果表明，這一方法對具有任意個平鉸、任意形狀截面的拱橋結構是適用的
  9. Including five main doctrines and its limitation about the civil priority theoretically for the moment ; its five leading features are legal quality of priority, preference quality of priority, vouch quality of priority, hypotaxis quality of priority, impartibility quality of priority ; four situations which can perish the civil priority are preponderate over the time efficacity, naturally extinguished of priority ’ s objective, adhered creditor ’ s right died out, compelled alienation of priority ’ s objective ; enumerating the material provision on civil priority in our laws, and carrying through the brief conclude to the range of civil priority which combined some elements of common civil law

    包括我國目前理論界對民事優先權概念的五種主要學說及其局限;民事優先權的五種主要特徵即優先權的法定性、優先性、擔保性、從屬性和不可分性;民事優先權的消滅的四種情形即超過時效、優先權標的物自然滅失、依附的債權消滅、優先權標的物的強制轉讓;列舉了我國法律中有關民事優先權的具體規定，並結合一般民法原理對民事優先權的順位進行了簡要歸納。
  10. Secondly, the article makes a further research on the existing problems in the system of jurisdiction, which includes the statutory jurisdiction, such as territorial jurisdiction, appellate jurisdiction, grade jurisdiction, and includes jurisdiction by order, such as referral jurisdiction, designate jurisdiction, and includes specific jurisdiction and jurisdiction by agreement, etc. there is a special theory and practice of jurisdiction in maritime action, such as distress jurisdiction, action in rem, etc. in the aspect of the jurisdiction of international maritime action, the article puts an emphasis on how to coordinate and develop the jurisdiction conflicts of international maritime action

    從而再進一步研究包括地域管轄、上訴管轄、級別管轄在內的法定管轄和移送、指定等裁定管轄以及專屬管轄、協議管轄等管轄體系中的各個問題。海事訴訟具有獨特的管轄理論與實踐，比如扣押管轄、對物訴訟等。就國際海事訴訟管轄而論，重點在於國際海事訴訟管轄如何協調和發展。
  11. Second part, recommend and the purchase three extremely representative countries of evaluation and analysis legislate of u. s. a., britain, germany, u. s. a. mainly concentrates the legislation type, and because of the reason of the national system, legislate to assign to and legislate for the union with two layers of structure of state law again, britain belongs to the typical self - disciplining legislative system, purchased and amalgamated the committee to control and supervised by london mainly, germany is that in some cases the commerce is used to having legal effect, synthesize above - mentioned various countries " characteristic, propose our country while purchasing legislating, should walk the doctrine of the golden mean, the due course of law that purchase should follow in operation all kinds of being must be exhaustive and having operating nature

    第二部分，介紹並評析了美、英、德等三個極具代表性國家的收購立法，美國主要是屬于集中立法型，並由於國家體制的原因，立法又分為聯邦立法與州立法兩層結構，英國則是屬典型的自律性立法體系，主要由倫敦城收購與合併委員會來進行控制和監管，德國則是在某些情況下商業習慣具有法律效力，綜合上述各國特點，提出我國在進行收購立法時，也應行中庸之道，對各類收購行為在操作上應遵循的法定程序須詳盡且具操作性。
  12. The applicability of chinese constitution is determined by five factors ; but the influence of former soviet union ' s constitutional theary together with the low law consciousness of chinese society and the constitution ' s low applicability had resulted in the nonapplication of chinese constitution before 1980s ; the application of it in both the special initi - tute authorized by the constitution and the courts since 1980s has shown that the constitution not only should be applied but it is actually applicable, but the application has been in a low level concerning the geographical areao and the cases in which the law is applied

    從憲法在現實中適用的情況看：第一，憲法可以也應該適用，因為： （ 1 ）憲法是法，具有法的基本屬性； （ 2 ）憲法是根本法，當它的下位法「缺位」或下位法與它相違背時憲法應適用； （ 3 ）憲法有自己的獨特的調整對象，普通法無法替代，普通法的適用代替不了憲法的適用； （ 4 ）在社會轉型時期，社會關系不斷發生變化，而普通法的較具體性以及法的穩定性使普通法難以適應社會的需要，而憲法的原則性、概括性則能適應社會不斷發展變化的需要。
  13. Legal heir is the subject of the inheritance right. in all countries legislation, the range of legal heirs are limited in some scope of, relatives, howevers, in the practice, the scope of relatives having the legal inheritance right is relatively wider in some countries legislation than some other ' s

    關於法定繼承人，各國繼承立法都將法定繼承人的范圍限定在一定范圍的親屬之間，但在具體實踐中，有些國家立法規定的享有法定繼承權的親屬范圍較為寬泛；有些國家則規定的較為狹窄。
  14. Because the nature of expertise is determined by that of forensic authentication act, this part firstly discusses the nature of authentication act so as to make clear the nature of expertise ; secondly, sum up and elaborate some basic characters of expertise ; and thirdly, according to the common places in nature that all evidences including expertise have, the particular nature of expertise as an opinion and its particular basic characters, this part expounds the necessity to review and evaluate expertise

    司法鑒定的性質決定了司法鑒定結論的性質。本文第一部份從鑒定活動的性質入手，進而得出鑒定結論屬「意見性結論」的性質；其次，對鑒定結論所具有的幾個基本特點進行了歸納和闡述，進一步認清鑒定結論的本來面貌；第三，鑒于鑒定結論作為證據的共同屬性，其作為「意見」的特定性質，以及這一法定證據自身的基本特點，總結出對鑒定結論進行審查評斷的必要性之所在。
  15. But it is impossible for the traditional electroforming to be widely used due to the long process time, the poor metal distribution which is often seen. nano metal has special performance of mechanics and physics, but the making of nano metal block is difficult, and it ' s making method is not perfect, so the study of nano metal block is very difficult. man pay more attention to rapid prototyping which is a new machining method, but to make metal accessory using rapid prototyping is very difficult, it restricts development of rapid prototyping

    目前電鑄技術存在著加工時間長，鑄層均勻性差等缺點，嚴重製約著電鑄技術的應用與發展；納米金屬具有特殊的力學和物理性能，但是納米金屬塊體的制備有一定的難度，而且制備方法也不成熟，因此對納米金屬塊體性能的研究有一定的難度；快速成型作為一種新型的加工方法，越來越受到重視，但現在的快速成型技術對製造金屬零件有很大的難度，這也是制約快速成型技術快速發展的一個瓶頸。
  16. The article introduced thoroughly the different theories carried out by domestic lawful circle to the object of this crime and introduced alternatively the related abroad theories. on this basis, the author adopted the matters of analogy to point out that the objects including natural property and lawful property and expounded it deeply, therefore, form a new knowledge to the object of this crime. in the first part, the author discussed systematically the definition, characteristics, standard and classification of the object in embezzlement crime, and introduced emphatically one of the characteristics of the object ? the characteristic of “ other ’ s property ” and the academia ’ s two perspectives : “ the subordinate doctrine ” and “ the independent doctrine ”

    本文採用分類類比的方法，在對侵占罪犯罪對象基礎理論全面分析的基礎上，介紹了世界其他國家對侵占罪的犯罪對象的不同認識，將侵占罪的犯罪對象分為自然屬性和法律屬性兩大部分並做了具體闡述，主要對種類物、違禁品、贓物、遺忘物、埋藏物等作為侵占罪犯罪對象的各種財物在認定犯罪時所涉及的問題進行了深入地闡述，釐清了侵占罪與盜竊罪的界限，分析了侵佔行為與不當得利行為的區別。
  17. This chapter optimized the algorithm provided by michael garland and paul s. heckbert based on edge contraction, and the improved algorithm can produce better approximation. a new method provided to simplify triangulated model with appearance attributes, and optimized the method to reduce the complexity in chapter 3. the dissertation advances a new concept : density of meshes, and study the applications of density of meshes in discrete multi - resolution and continuous multi - resolution

    第二章介紹了garland等提出的基於頂點對折疊的簡化演算法，指出了該演算法的一個缺陷並給出了解決方法；將garland的演算法應用到了具有一定屬性的面片上，分析擴展之後演算法的計算復雜度，提出了決解復雜度的方法；第三章節給出了一種新的自動遞進網格演算法，可以實現無二義性，快速恢復等功能；此節提出了一個新的概念：網格密度。
  18. For the stability of the criminal code and the changeability of state regulation of the activities, china must, in the economic crime legislation, use for reference foreign legislation practice, form a model with accessory criminal law as its core complemented with the criminal code, and choose an objective way of determining the specific act in the light of the legal norms of uniformity and universality in complementary interpretation of blank criminal facts

    摘要基於刑法典的穩定性與國家對經濟活動調控的變動性，我國經濟犯罪應當借鑒世界大多數國家和地區的立法例，形成以附屬刑法規范為核心輔之以刑法典的模式；在對空白罪狀進行補充解釋時，應當選擇根據特定法域內具有統一性和普適性的規范來確定具體行為的客觀方式。
  19. State judiciaries interpret state laws and apply them in specific disputes relating to state law ; they determine whether a state crime has been committed ; they evaluate the constitutionality of state laws under the state constitution ; and they review the legality of state administrative rules under state statutes

    州司法機構在涉及到州法律的具體爭端中解釋和運用州法律；他們決定是否屬于州犯罪行為；他們在州憲法下評估州法律的合憲性；及他們評論在州法令之下的州行政規章的合法性。
  20. Trade secret right is a kind of special intellectual property. we ca n ' t deny its legal nature of intellectual property just because it is n ' t of typical exclusive nature, local nature and time nature

    商業秘密權是一種特殊的知識產權，不能因為商業秘密權不具有典型意義的專有性、地域性和時間性而否定其屬于知識產權的法律屬性。
分享友人
分享到 Line

分享到臉書