法線和幾何體 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [fǎxiànhéjīhétǐ]
法線和幾何體 英文
normals and geometry
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 線 : 名詞1 （用絲、棉、金屬等製成的細長的東西） thread; string; wire 2 [數學] （一個點任意移動所構成的...
  • 和 : 和動詞（在粉狀物中加液體攪拌或揉弄使有黏性） mix （powder） with water, etc. : 和點兒灰泥 prepare some plaster
  • 幾 : 幾代詞1. （多少, 用於詢問數量和時間） how many 2. （表示不定的少數目） a few; several; some
  • 體 : 體構詞成分。
  1. With the use of finite method we have developed computer simulation software for vacuum microtriodes with wedge - shaped and cone - shaped cathode on the basis of stduying deeply the field emission theory of vacuum microelectronics. the software included field section, grid point numbering, and the calculation of electric currents, transconductance and cathode capacitance, moreover, it can simulate the properties of vacuum microeletronic with variant structures and sizes. the relationship was studied and simulated among electic properties and device structures, sizes and cathode materials etc. the optimized design of vacuum microtiode was proposed

    本文在深入研究真空微電子器件場致發射理論的基礎上，根據圓錐形、楔形陰極真空微電子三極體的不同特點，分別建立了物理和數學模型，在考慮空間電荷密度影響的前提下，以有限元法為基礎採用迭代的方法計算出真空微電子三極體內的電勢分佈情況，繪制出了等勢線、電子軌跡線，並得到了器件電學性能隨幾何參數的變化情況。
  2. The paper presents several aspects in partition rectification and visualization of raster image. adopt technology of visualization for scientific calculation, vector diagram of deformation 、 contour chart of deformation and drawing of three - dimensional are realized. delaunay tin in view of deformation feature is constructed on base of selected grid control points and methods and mathematical models for partition rectification are realized based on the delaunay tin. software of geometric rectification for large scales are realized and applied in project

    本論文針對柵格影像的變形可視化及分塊糾正展開研究，取得了以下幾方面的研究成果：一、採用科學計算可視化技術，繪制變形矢量圖、變形等值線圖和三維效果圖，實現了柵格影像變形特徵的可視化；二、提出了在格網控制點（ gcp ）數據基礎上選擇性構造顧及變形特徵的delaunay三角網，並基於構造的三角網實現了分塊糾正的方法和數學模型；三、採用vc編制了影像幾何糾正軟體，實現大比例尺掃描地形圖的糾正，並在工程中得到應用。
  3. Secondly, we introduce the theory that flat systems, an important subclass of nonlinear systems introduced via differential algebraic methods, are defined in a infinite dimensional differential geometrical framework. utilizing this method, the control system of the vtol aircraft becomes a linear control system. finally, we introduce the theory that is found by my teacher, wanghong professor

    3 、應用平坦性分析方法和整體微分幾何方法分別分析了pvtol飛機在其起飛過程時的控制律，得到了該系統的整體化方程，指出了該系統是能控能觀的，並且指出該系統是平坦的控制系統，可以通過動態狀態反饋和適當的坐標變換使之變成線性系統。
  4. The conventional sphere model of earth and circle model of orbit are discarded, and the ellipsoid model and the ellipse model are selected for further research, which achieves a method to determine the target position through the antenna pointing direction. and the spaceborne sar system design and simulation software is brought forth. this software accomplishes sar system coefficients design for antenna area, pulse repetition frequency, signal bandwidth, downlink data rate, radar transmitter power and satellite platform yaw steering

    本文從星載雷達的星地幾何關系入手，舍棄傳統星載合成孔徑雷達研究中的球地球模型和圓軌道模型，研究了在地球橢球模型和橢圓軌道模型下由雷達天線確定目標坐標的方法，並在此基礎上研製了星載合成孔徑雷達系統設計與模擬軟體，完成雷達系統天線尺寸、脈沖重復頻率、信號帶寬、雷達信號數據率、雷達發射功率、衛星平臺的偏航牽引等幾個方面的系統參數設計以及雷達多普勒特性、雷達系統模糊、雷達定位及精度的分析，最後完成雷達回波信號的模擬。
  5. This paper, based on normalizing well logging data while drilling and correcting depth into true vertical depth and calculating reservoir parameters and etc, combining the practical ease of mobei oilfield, extracted logging and geological pattern characteristic of target oil - gas formation and geosteering mark formation, and used bp neural network and regressive analysis to create predicting mode of geosteering parameter to build relevant contrast curve ; adopted geometry geosteering method to fix on die drilling direction of bit upper and declination, the position in reservoir, to judge the real drilling case. all finely solved the problem to follow the geological target while drilling for three horizontal well these methods improve the drilling horizontal well ability by using the techniques to follow the geological target while drilling, and then it is convenient and practicable

    本文在開展隨鉆測井資料的標準化和斜井校正及儲層參數解釋與含流體性質判釋等工作的基礎上，結合研究工區莫北油田的實際情況，提取了目標油（氣）層和導向標志層的測井地質模式特徵，並採用bp神經網路法和回歸分析法建立了地質導向參數的預測模型、構造了相應的對比曲線；採用幾何導向法確定鉆頭上下傾鉆進方向及其在目標層的位置，以判斷實際鉆進地層情況，很好地解決了研究工區三口水平井的隨鉆跟蹤地質目標的問題。
  6. For example, the geometric effect and vignetting are simulated with the synthetic method in which they are modeled with ray tracing and then simulated with pixel - based processing. the effects of detector noise on imaging are simulated with the three - dimension model. the theory of pixel transfer function is extended and developed, and microscanned images of four patterns are simulated with good results

    本文具有如下幾個突出特點：用光線追跡法分析建模，而用基於象素處理的綜合方法，模擬了光學系統中的幾何效應和漸暈現象；利用三維噪聲模型，模擬了探測器噪聲對圖像質量的影響；對象素傳遞函數理論進行了擴展和延伸，給出四種工作模式的微掃描成像系統的象素傳遞函數的具體數學表達式，並利用這些表達式模擬了探測器的空間效應和微掃描成像的圖像效果。
  7. Using the complex potential method in the plane theory of elasticity of an anisotropic body, the series solution of finite anisotropic thin plate containing an elliptical inclusion is proposed with the help of faber series. a hybrid element with an elliptical inclusion for anisotropic materials is obtained by using the hybrid variable principle, and the element efficiency is verified by numerical examples. the state of the damage is modeled by an elliptical soft inclusion, and using the point stress criterion based on characteristic curve and yamada - sun etc. criteria, the prediction of the strength of a composite laminate with damage is set up

    首先基於經典層板理論，將復合材料層板的彈性問題化歸為均勻各向異性板來求解；採用各向異性體平面彈性理論中的復勢方法，以faber級數為工具，給出了有限大含橢圓核各向異性板彈性問題的級數解形式；利用雜交變分原理，成功導出含橢圓核各向異性板雜交應力有限元，並用算例驗證了該單元的可行性和有效性；採用含剛度折減橢圓形彈性核的沖擊損傷模型，引入基於特徵曲線和yamada - sun破壞準則的點應力判據，建立了含損傷復合材料層板剩餘強度的分析方法；通過數值計算詳細討論了各種幾何參數對損傷層板應力分佈、剩餘強度的影響，得到了一系列對工程應用具有實用價值的結論。
  8. The new method of direct determination of micro amounts of elements in electrician silicon - steel chips is based on the high performance of pw 2400 x - ray fluorescence spectrometer system and its software. it can correct both the matrix effect and the influence of sample physical status. specimens of steel chips can be determined directly without any pretreatment. the method has high accuracy and precision, the operation is easy and the analysis is fast

    報道了x射線熒光光譜法直接測定電工硅鋼鋼屑樣品微量元素的新方法，校正了樣品中元素間的基體效應影響和校正了鋼屑樣品的不同顆粒結構，不同幾何形態及不同表面狀態的影響，使鋼屑樣品可不經處理直接測定，操作簡便。
  9. In the light of all kinds of structural faces and their assembles along tunnel, the place and growth depth of instable cuneiform body in tunnel wall rock could be predicted, then its volume and weight of instable cuneiform body are estimated based on the equator plane projecting method and the solid body ratio geometry method, which offers reliable geologic data for designing corresponding supporting measure

    摘要利用赤平投影法和實體比例幾何法分析隧洞圍巖穩定性，根據隧洞沿線所遇結構面相互組合形式，預測隧洞圍巖不穩定楔形體的位置及其發育深度，從而估算不穩定楔形巖塊的體積和重量，為設計相應的支護措施提供可靠的地質依據。
  10. Based on the analysis about the test requirements and the saturated magnetization of the armor plate, the excitation magnetic circuit satisfying the testing condition and a validation system are designed. because the geometric, of the magnetic leakage at the direction of the normal of the roundness fault has the feature of two peaks : a positive and a negative, using the linear regression and the software matlab, two regression equation are proposed : one is about the peak value of the magnetic leakage and the diameter and depth of the roundness fault ; the other is the distance between the two peaks and the diameter of the roundness fault. the result of the validation system proves that the two equations are valid, and an applied method using for quantificationally inspecting the roundness faults is proposed according to the two equations

    根據實驗要求，通過對鋼板達到飽和磁化的必要性進行的分析，設計了符合試驗條件的勵磁磁路，並設計了一套實驗驗證系統；根據圓形缺陷法線分量漏磁場幾何圖形正負雙峰值的特點，採用線性回歸擬合的原理和matlab軟體及其統計工具箱中的相關函數，給出了圓形缺陷漏磁場幾何圖形的峰峰值與圓形缺陷的直徑和深度以及峰峰值間距與圓形缺陷直徑的兩個回歸擬合方程，並通過實驗驗證系統驗證了擬合方程的正確性，利用這兩個簡單實用的擬合方程，提出了一種工程定量檢測圓形缺陷的應用方案。
  11. In this paper, the approaches of load incremental and discrete least square collocation have been employed successfully in the geometrically nonlinear analysis for both stiffened and nonstiffened cylindrical shells

    摘要本文採用載荷增量最小二乘配點法分析圓柱殼體和縱、橫向加筋圓柱殼的幾何非線性問題。
  12. Then, a step - by - step increase of vertical bending curvature is applied to the hull girder assuming that the plane cross section remains plane. at each incremental step, the stress of the cross section is evaluated using the average stress - strain curves of the elements as well as the incremental bending moment due to the curvature increment

    船體總縱極限彎矩的計算，由於要計及材料的和幾何的非線性因素而變得十分復雜，必須用增量的方法逐步計算，獲得完整的彎矩?曲率曲線后，才能得到總縱極限彎矩值。
  13. Scientific computation visualization interactive virtual reality computer dynamic simulation etc., to study thoroughly and carefully on critical technologies such as mixed - language programming simplification of scene models displaying realistic image and animation of 3d scene models and so on in this dissertation, the methods to build scene models were studied and applied to develop a dynamic simulation system of 3d railway scene based on this idea, the major study contents and results can be summarized as follows : 1 ) mixed - language programming can complement each other between different programming languages and the method has a general significance and can become popular many computation models including development of dtm optimum of dtm and reorganization of dtm were developed with fortran language in order to use the ripe codes, the dissertation succeeded in integrating the developed fortran codes to the visual c + + environment and achieving the course of mixed - language programming 2 ) the methods to build scene models for 3d location design were discussed in the dissertation and the development and animation of scene models had been realized by applying synthetically those technologies such as computer graphic computational geometry and geometrical modeling and computer dynamic simulation etc, and adopting opengl 3d graph library then achievement was got by using the technology of 3d visualization to livingly express design results 3 ) combing with the concerned study and development projects, adopting vc + + as development tools and in the light of those theories and algorithms stated in this dissertation, a software, which could build scene models with realism for 3d railway location design, in the name of " the dynamic simulation system of 3d scene of railway " was developed., the correctness was proved by using the software to build the 3d scene models and achieve their animation of suining - chongqing railway and yunnan - xizang railway

    本文綜合利用計算機圖形學、科學計算可視化、人機交互、虛擬現實、計算機動態模擬等理論和技術，針對混合語言編程、真實感圖形繪制以及三維景觀模型的動畫驅動等關鍵技術，進行了深入細致的研究，從而探討了建立逼真景觀模型的方法，並基於本文提出的方法研製了一個鐵路線路三維景觀動態模擬系統。基於這一思想，本文主要研究內容及研究成果如下： 1 ）混合語言編程可以實現語言優勢互補，具有普遍意義。針對數字地面模型的建立、優化、重組等計算模塊是成熟的fortran程序代碼，本文成功實現了vc + +與fortran語言的混編； 2 ）緊緊圍繞三維選線設計中景觀模型的建立方法展開研究，綜合利用計算機圖形學、計算幾何及幾何造型學以及計算機模擬技術，採用opengl三維圖形庫，實現了景觀模型的建立以及動畫驅動，使得三維可視化技術成功應用於選線設計成果的三維直觀表達； 3 ）結合有關科研課題，利用vc + +開發工具，以本文所述的理論和演算法為基礎，研製和開發了一個建立三維選線設計逼真景觀模型的系統軟體- - 「鐵路線路三維景觀動態模擬系統」 。
  14. Based on tree data structure, the cartesian grids about 2 - d and 3 - d configurations are generated using the surface - cutting procedure. in the course of grid generation, a two - step ray - casting algorithm to excluded cells inside the body and a cell - merging technique to avoid numerical instability are fully developed. after creating these surrounding grids, the cell - cutting algorithm is designed to perform geometry - based refinement of grids, and greatly improve the applicability and quality of grid generation

    採用物面切割，基於叉樹數據結構，發展了一種普遍適用於二維和三維外形的直角切割網格生成方法；構造兩步射線求交演算法，刪除外形內的固體網格，以及小網格合併演算法，確保網格質量和流場計算的穩定性；運用對任意網格的切割細分演算法，實現了針對幾何外形的自適應網格加密，使得網格生成更具普適性和靈活性。
  15. Engineering drawing has always been labeled as a practical subject. a combination of geometrical, building. mechanical and electrical drawing, it relates between theory and the picture of reality. engineering drawing will provide an accurate and complete ptcture for every object tn terms of shapes and sizes. usually, it is taught using the face - to - face teaching mode even in an odl environment. due to its nature, some students may find difficulty in imagining and interpreting the drawings. however, the availability of sophisticated technology provides the opportunity for the learning of engineering drawing to be enhanced via online. a web - based system for teaching and learning engineering drawing was developed based on a constructivism model. the web - based system is tailored for several topics of engineering drawing such as orthographic projection, sectional view, isometric and oblique drawing at the secondary level. the learning strategy consists of multiple phases beginning with introduction, concept learning, engineering drawing method, application and exercises. during introduction, students will be exposed to an overview of the topic followed by learning of specific concepts. the system provides a learning environment that allows engineering students to view objects from different angles, such as third angle projection and first angle projection as well as views of plans, side and front elevations. after learning about the concepts, students wilt be guided through the various steps in drawing methods for each topic via animations and simulations. learners are able to view any section repeatedly. examples of real application of engineering drawings were also given using graphic, animations and video. to evaluate students understanding, exercises were given at the end of each session

    工程制圖一直被認為是一門實踐性學科，其整合了幾何學、建築、力學、電子制圖等，從而將理論與現實圖像聯系起來，工程制圖能為每個不同形狀、尺寸的物體提供精確的、完整的圖像.通常，即使在開放與遠程教育環境中，工程制圖的教學也是通過面對面的教學模式來進行的.由於其特殊性，一些學習者可能難以想象並解釋這些圖像.然而，尖端的技術使得可以通過在線的方式加強工程制圖的學習.研究者基於建構主義模式開發了一個面向工程制圖教學和學習的網路系統.該系統適用於幾種工程制圖，例如展開圖、刻面圖、等角圖和斜角圖.學習過程包括導論、概念學習、工程制圖方法，以及應用與練習等階段.在導論階段，系統為學習者提供了專題簡介，然後是概念學習階段.系統所提供的學習環境允許工程專業的學生從三維透視、一維透視、平面圖、側立面、正立面等不同角度來觀察物體.經過概念學習階段后，系統將引導學生通過動畫和模擬學習每個專題中制圖方法的不同步驟，學習者也能重復觀察任何剖面.另外，還通過圖像、動畫和視頻等方式展示真實的工程制圖應用案例.最後，為了評價學生的理解能力，在每部分內容後面都附有相關的練習
  16. 2 ) through many numeral experiment, using the crack face ' s slant angle and azimuth angle as parameters, we found some relations between three - dimension fractal parameters and two - dimension fractal parameters in rock mass : ds = ( 1. 0 + 0. 031 ) * dl + ( 1. 0 + 0. 0395 ), ns = nl, v = 1. 5986 * ( 2 - dl ) - 3. 2935 * sin ( st ) + 3. 8263, and found a way to speculate three - dimension fractal parameters from two - dimension fractal parameters. lt is the foundation to describe the distribution laws of crack face in rock mass by the observing results through rock mass section crack, 3 ) this paper constructed the three - dimensional fractal emulation theoretical system and erected three - dimensional fractal emulation model about crack face in rock mass 4 ) a emulation system about crack face in rock mass is developed by vc + +, it includes the function to get section plane chart and section block chart from three - dimensional network chart automatically, and some of the emulation examples is given

    2 ）通過大量數值試驗，以巖體裂縫面的傾角與方位角為紐帶，分析得出了巖體裂縫面數量三維分形分佈參數和巖體裂縫跡線二維分形分佈參數的關系： d _ s = （ 1 . 0 0 . 031 ） * d _ l + 1 . 0 0 . 0395 ， n _ s = * n _ 1 ， = 1 . 5986 * （ 2 - d _ l ） - 3 . 2935 * sin （ st ） + 3 . 8263並提出了由二維分形幾何參數來推導三維分形幾何參數的方法。為通過巖體剖面裂縫直接觀測結果，描述巖體裂縫面分佈規律奠定了基礎。 3 ）本文構建了巖體裂縫面的三維模擬理論體系，建立了巖太原理二大學周眨d二研究生學位論文體裂縫面的三維分形模擬模型。
  17. The main contents of the paper are : ( 1 ) review the state and art for fiber - wound vessel with metal inner lining ; ( 2 ) provide a method to present the technical features including wound process, equal stress dome and fiber gathering at the dome etc. ( 3 ) establish a finite element analysis model considering nonlinear physical and geometrical effects and develop a equivalent constitutive relation for winding graphite fiber reinforced plastic layers ; ( 4 ) set up a failure criterion for the inner metal lining and winding graphite fiber reinforced plastic layers ; ( 5 ) develop a corresponding engineering analysis code based on the commercial software ansys ; ( 6 ) investigate the plastic deformation and residual stress in the inner lining due to winding tension and pre - tension, and stress distribution of the composite vessel under service loading case

    本文旨在為具有金屬內襯的纖維纏繞復合容器的參數設計提供分析模型、方法及工程軟體。論文主要內容是： （ 1 ）對復合容器分析國內外研究的概述； （ 2 ）復合容器的幾何表徵方法及工藝中若干力學問題； （ 3 ）復合容器結構分析的物理和幾何非線性有限元列式及其纖維層的等效本構關系； （ 4 ）復合容器的破壞類別； （ 5 ） ansys程序的二次開發； （ 6 ）典型復合容器的數值討論。本論文工作將對工程界復合容器設計和分析工作者具有參考價值。
  18. With the method of the lie group transformation, the symmetry of the equation governing one dimensional finite strain consolidation is discussed and, from the point of the symmetry, the feasibility to obtain the analytical solution of these nonlinear partial differential equations is discussed. where - after exact or approximate analytical solutions focused on different consolidation problems are obtained, these including : under some assumptions of relations of the void ratio with coefficient of permeability and effective stress, the method of lie group transformation is applied to solve the non - linear partial differential equation of large strain consolidation of homogenous saturated clay soil in semi - infinite domain with the consideration of the material and geometrical nonlinearity during consolidation procession. the implicit exact solution without considering the effect of self - weight of soil is obtained

    運用lie群變換方法討論了一維大應變非線性固結方程的對稱性，以及在該對稱性的意義下求解這類非線性偏微分方程解析解答的可能性，並就大應變非線性固結問題的多種情況求得了其完整的或者近似的解析解答，具體包括：基於有效應力與孔隙比以及滲透系數與孔隙比之間的關系的一些假定，採用李群變換求解考慮材料非線性和幾何非線性的半無限均質土體大變形固結非線性偏微分方程，得到了一個不考慮自重固結的完全解析解。
  19. The primary conclusions are drawn in this paper on these points : ( 1 ) after the blasting data of delayed time and height are gained based on the theory of gradually disintegration, the elements need to kill are executed similar with destroying the part of the building. then the pre - condition cg solver is pitched on to execute the nonlinear analysis

    本文的主要成果如下： （ 1 ）根據逐段解體法爆破拆除設計的原理，計算秒延差時間和爆破高度，在已劃分網格的有限元模型中殺死擬爆除的部分單元，使整體結構處于失穩狀態下，然後利用前置條件共軛梯度法求解器對結構進行材料和幾何非線性求解。
  20. According to the geometrical characteristics of the transmission line and the theory of perspective projection, a stereo vision method based on single camera is presented to detect the orientation and position vector of the power transmission line

    結合輸電線的幾何特徵和攝像機成像原理，提出了一種基於單攝像機的立體視覺方法來確定輸電線的位置和姿態。
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