法規與合同 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [fǎguīyǔgětóng]
法規與合同
英文
regulations and contracts-
2 this insurance covers general average and salvage charges, adjusted or determined according to the contract of affreightment and / or the governing law and practice, incurred to avoid or in connection with the avoidance of loss from any cause except those exclused in clauses 4, 5, 6 and 7 or elsewhere in this insurance
本保險承保根據水上貨物合同，管轄法律和慣例理算或確定的共同海損和救助費用，其產生是為了避免任何原因造成的損失，或與此目的有關，但本保險第4 ， 5 ， 6和7條或其他除外規定除外。Have project of project of a batch of deep know well to manage theory and practice experience the tall intelligence of code of hep policy is compound model talent ; register cost division, build engineer of manage of division, inspect, investment to seek advice from the of all kinds major such as division of rate of engineer, estate hold 80 % what job seniority personnel occupies faculty, among them 6 people provide advanced title ; at the same time the company still retained personnel of senior and a batch of famous experts, professor, advanced professional technology, lawyer, and the elite of familiar international convention, perfectness foreign language and it, the advisory expert warehouse that makes system of company much territory, much discipline, much class, network, become " your kind effort " internally the development, brain trust that serves external
擁有一批深諳工程項目管理理論與實踐經驗並熟知政策法規的高智能復合型人材；注冊造價師、建造師、監理工程師、投資咨詢工程師、房地產估價師等各類專業執業資格人員佔全體員工的80 % ，其中6人具高級職稱；同時公司還聘請了一批知名專家、教授、資深高級專業技術人員、律師，以及熟悉國際慣例、精通外語和信息技術的精英，構成公司多領域、多學科、多門類、網路體系的顧問專家庫，成為「鼎力」對內發展、對外服務的智囊團。An insurance contract is a conditional contract with money payment. if the conditional terms occurred, the contract should give force. but it is regarded as never appear since it is the result of the malignant act or gross fault of insurer ’ counterpart
與之和我國的法律相比較發現，我國《保險法》第二十八條第二款以及《合同法》第四十五條的規定與日本商法典第641條之規定有異曲同工之作用。Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law
再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。The answer is positive, because the donors have been endowed the right of withdrawal ( revocation ) according to the stipulation explicitly in modern contract law in china. however, does that meant donors haven ’ t any responsibility for the loss of donee ? if donor should undertake some responsibility, what kind of responsibility it is
本文以現行《合同法》第十一章「贈與合同」中贈與人的任意撤銷權與受贈人的信賴利益沖突為切入點提出問題，介紹兩大法系代表性的兩種解決方案，即以富勒為代表的「信賴法則」和以耶林為代表的「締約過失規則」 。On the basis of reviewing history and comparative study, this paper examines the system of trial by default in our country ; at the same time using foreign experiences for reference, combines the specific situations in our judicial practice, then raises a tentative idea to reconstruct the system of trial by default in our country : to build a system of trial by default making the doctrine of ex parte debate as main part and doctrine of trial by default as supplement part ; at the same time to perfect the legislative stipulations on standards of default determination, procedural applications and remedies of trial by ex parte debate and trial by default, examinations of evidence in trial by default, in pursuit of forming an intact system structure, giving full play to the functions of system of trial by default and fulfilling the value target of civil proceedings
因此，加強對我國缺席審判制度的研究，具有重要的理論和實踐價值。本文在歷史回顧和比較研究的基礎上，對我國的缺席審判制度進行了審視；同時借鑒國外的經驗，並結合我國司法實踐的具體情況，提出了重構我國缺席審判制度的設想：建立一種以一方辯論主義為主體，缺席判決主義為補充的缺席審判制度；同時完善缺席的認定標準、一方辯論判決與缺席判決程序的適用與救濟、缺席審判中的證據審查等方面的立法規定，以形成一個完整的制度體系，充分發揮缺席審判制度的功能，實現民事訴訟的價值目標。Grounded on analysis to the supervisory and regulatory practice in the usa, hong kong, common wealth and some other countries or distracts, the article holds the opinion that, to realize supervision to the deeds of stock market manipulation, the special entity shall be granted comparatively abroad and flexible power to stipulate regulatory rules and executory power that can provide regulators system and means to exert its professional supervision beforehand and its regulation in time. based on the above construe, with a view of the status in quo in our country, the article concludes on possible, approaches and ways for our country to consummate our supervision and regulation of stock market manipulation
股票市場操縱行為的上述特徵使許多特定行為在不同時期、不同市場以不同形態出現，許多操縱行為與合法行為之間的界線不斷變化，基本的證券立法不可能對全部的操縱行為進行詳細規定，必須依賴監管者發揮其專業監管能力，正確處理保護投資者利益和維護市場有效性之間的，他們在2003年7月初步完成了題為（ （ whatw0rksinsecuritieslaws ） ） （ nberw0rkingpaper9882 ， july2003 ）的研究報告One is a general introduction of the contract law and contracts of carriage of gx > ods by water ; the other is a detailed consideration about the general rule ' s influences on the latter specific contracts. in the first part, the author introduces contracts of carriage of goods by water and laws concerning contracts of carriage of goods by water. due to many special rules and easterns existing in the shipping fields, making the difference between various contracts of carriage of goods by water will be helpful to fibber comprehend different circumstances arising in the course of the performance of this kind of contract, and to find the common character and the difference indicated
本文正文總體分為兩個部分，第一部分系對於水上貨物運輸合同和水上貨物運輸合同法作概括性的介紹，從水上貨物運輸合同的分類入手，通過從不同角度對水上貨物運輸合同作出的不同分類，把不同種類的水上貨物運輸合同所體現出的特性與作為商事合同所體現出的共性相結合，為準確的闡述《合同法》總則這一概括總結性規定對水運合同的影響提供基礎。At the same time, in order to get adapted to the market change, improve the competitiveness, reinforce the cohesiveness and maintain the upswing trend, cec should take effective measures, such as to accept new idea and develop the managers " awareness of competitiveness ; reform the selecting and appointing mechanism ; establish a sound compensation system ; improve consumption for the position ; break the dominance of state - owned shareholders on the stock market and improve corporate governance structure ; reinforce the financial supervision on the corporation ; make a full use of restraint effect of competitiveness and reputation mechanism ; build various " golden parachutes "
與此同時， cec在企業經營者激勵與約束方面應採取針對性的措施，通過轉變觀念，樹立市場經濟的競爭意識和產權意識；改革企業經營者的選拔任用方式，積極推進企業經營者管理的市場化進程、建立科學合理的薪酬體系、規范職位消費，實行職位消費貨幣化、調整股權結構，實現投資主體多元化，健全公司法人治理結構、加強企業財務監控和內部制度建設、充分發揮市場競爭機制和聲譽機制對企業經營者的激勵約束作用、設計各種形式的「金色降落傘」等措施的實施，適應市場變化，提高企業核心競爭力，增強企業的凝聚力，保持事業的長盛不衰。In case a shareholder of the enterprise hypothecates its shareholding to its creditor under consent of other shareholders and approval of the approving authority, and the hypothecatee or other beneficiary acquires this shareholding according to law and contract, these shall be submitted : approval on hypothecation granted by the approving authority ( 1 xerox ) ; hypothecation contract signed between the hypothecating shareholder and the hypothecatee ( 1 xerox ) ; valid certification for the hypothecatee or other beneficiary in acquiring the hypothecated shareholding ( xerox, in addition to checking the original )
企業股東經其他各方股東同意將其股權質押給債權人，並經審批機關批準，質權人或其他受益人依照法律規定和合同約定取得該股東股權的，提交：審批機關批準質押批文（復印件1份） ；出質股東與質權人簽訂的質押合同（復印件1份） ；質權人或其他受益人獲取出質股權的有效證明文件（復印件，核對原件） 。To auditing and put forward modify advices for the technology document of a project, such as contract, technology blue print, laws and regulations and standard, key techniques procedure, install and testing procedure and so on
（三）對項目承包合同、技術方案、法規與標準、重要和關鍵的工藝規程、組裝與測試規程等技術文件與資料進行審核並提出修改意見。The implementation of the 《 contract law of pro 》 has ended the chaotic situation in the field of contract law with respect to simultaneous existence of the 《 economic contract law of pro 》, 《 law of prc on economic contract law involoving foreign interest 》 and 《 law of prc on technology contracts 》 in our country. the implementation of the ( contract law ) ) which has a overall provisions in respect of conclusion of contract. validity of contract performance of contract and liability for breach of contract etc, has a great significance both in protection of lawful rights and interests of parties to contract and in improvement of system of civil legislation of our country
《中華人民共和國合同法》的正式頒布與實施，結束了我國合同法領域《經濟合同法》 、 《涉外經濟合同法》 、 《技術合同法》三足鼎立的混亂局面，同時新《合同法》總則對有關合同的訂立、效力、履行、保全、違約責任等各個方面做了全面而細致的規定，這對于維護合同當事人的合法權益、完善我國的民事立法體系具有重要得意義。On the basis of the foregoing, the author discovers the similarities of the provisions of two countries : donation contract ( promise ) is generally irrevocable, charitable subscription is enforceable ; when circumstances change, donor may refuse to perform the obligations under donation contract under certain circumstances or is excused from contract liability. this paper tries to seek legal culture behind the provisions
在此基礎上，筆者發現兩國法律規定的相似之處：一般的贈與合同（允諾）贈與人可以任意撤銷贈與，慈善性捐助合同（允諾）的贈與人則不享有任意撤銷權；當情勢發生變更，在特定情形下，賦予贈與人拒絕履行贈與義務的權利或者免除合同責任。Consequently establishing the foundation of analyzing correlational issues of it. part two : the classification of result - aggravated crime. according to appraising several scholars ’ classification of result - aggravated crime, and combined with the form of quantity of crime and legislation practice in our criminal law, the author brings
在該部分筆者主要論述了結果加重犯與情節加重犯、想像競合犯、結果犯、結合犯、法規競合犯的相同之處和不同之處，以便於對它們加以界定。In this part, five important issues are analyzed, including the form of assignment of copyright, the way of public summons of assignment of copyright, the author ' s non - infringement guarantee and the auction of copyright, the impact of the system of assignment of copyright on the market of books
L 、關丁版權轉讓的形式。版權轉讓合同一股採取書面形式，許多國家都在法律中規定合同應明確的內容，計對版權轉讓合同與相關權利保留的關系作出規定。It is shown that there are different degree defects in a few definitions in the theories field. in overview of the general requests for giving a definition and the character of the offense of insurance fraud, the writer views that the offense of insurance fraud refers to the act of policy holder, the insured and beneficiary in the insurance contract relation violating the regulations of insurance law to illegally occupy as its purpose, adopt deliberately falsifying the subject matter of the insurance ; or cooking up the cause of an insured accident or overstating the extent of loss ; or inventing stories an insured accident that does not occur ; or deliberately causing the occurrence an insured accident that leads to property ; or deliberately making insurance accidents to swindle large sums of insurance. it has the characteristics as follows : their being subjectively in the diversity of the criminals, the combination of intelligence and cruelty of the criminals, simpler in criminal suspect ; their being objectively in deceptive, crime means " profession to turn, the crime activity concealment very strong, be involved amount of money huge, usually living with other crime companions, the severity of the consequences of the crime, higher black number of crime, and having a thing
筆者認為:保險詐騙罪的犯罪客體不屬于本罪的構成要件，保險詐騙罪的成立僅須具備犯罪主體要件、犯罪主觀要件和犯罪客觀要件三個要件即可;鑒于保險詐騙罪的預備形態在現實中的危害性不大，本文僅就保險詐騙罪的未遂形態和中止形態進行了探討;著重探討了保險詐騙罪共犯中的身份問題，對保險詐騙罪的教唆犯和幫助犯的構成特徵及刑事責任進行了探討;逐一對保險詐騙罪的實質一罪（法規競合與想像競合）和處罰一罪（牽連犯與吸收犯）進行了分析;同時，從犯罪數額和主觀目的上討論了保險詐騙罪的成罪條件，將保險詐騙罪與普通詐騙罪和合同詐騙罪進行了區分;最後，在對保險詐騙罪立法沿革和立法模式分析的基礎上，從保險詐騙罪的主體、主觀方面、客觀方面以及立法技術等幾個方面對保險詐騙罪的缺陷及其完善提出了自己的看法。In concern with the manager system, arbitrarily elective norm should be the fundament and peremptory norm should be the exception to the limited company, but compulsory law would be the component basis to the joint - stock company, which derives from the different cognitions on the characters of company law by two theories of company management, agency theory and contract theory
隨后，本文闡釋了公司經理法律制度的法理念，指出關于公司治理的兩種理論陀代理理論與合同理論）對立的焦點集中在對公司法性質的不同認識。具體到到經理制度，公司法對有限公司的經理制度應以任意性規范為基調，以強行法規范為例外；對股份公司原則上則以強行法為主。On the modern contract method, because of the honest reputation principle rising, the traditional contract duty has to be extended, the contract law not only protects the contract itself, but also even pays attention to the adjustment that relates to the whole process of the development to the contract, to carry out the party concerned and the benefits balance between the party of the contract concerned and societies
然而理論界對合同法上的附隨義務尚缺乏系統、深入的研究，對附隨義務的探討存在概念、特徵、類型等界定模糊，理論基礎涵蓋不足和定性不明確等缺陷，也給整個合同義務體系的構建帶來了困難。合同附隨義務的產生是基於誠實信用原則。它具有平衡個人利益與社會利益，彌補法律規定與合同約定不足，追求實質正義的功能。And discussed municipalities special rules and contractual provisions that explain the relationship between the general rule, applicable both to resolve the placement issue laid the foundation
對格式條款解釋特殊規則與合同解釋一般規則適用位階、法官解釋權規制的相關問題進行了分析研究。Secondly, it is against the incapable payment theory of traditional civil law. thirdly, it is against right blemish surety principle of contract law ' item 150. fourthly, it is against the bona fide acquisition systent. fifthly, viewing three illegal profits circumstance derived from unauthorized disposition, it wont make too much different in
無權處分應為主觀給付不能，傳統民法認為這並不導致合同無效;第三，認定無權處分合同效力待定與《合同法》第150條規定的權利瑕疵擔保規則的適用存在沖突。分享友人