測角器觀測 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [cèjiǎoqìguāncè]
測角器觀測 英文
angular observation
  • 測 : 動詞1. （測量） survey; fathom; measure 2. （測度; 推測） conjecture; infer
  • 角 : 角Ⅰ名詞1 （牛、羊、 鹿等頭上長出的堅硬的東西） horn 2 （古時軍中吹的樂器） bugle; horn 3 （形狀像...
  • 器 : 名詞1. （器具） implement; utensil; ware 2. （器官） organ 3. （度量; 才能） capacity; talent 4. （姓氏） a surname
  • 觀 : 觀名詞1. （道教的廟宇） taoist temple2. （姓氏） a surname
  • 觀測 : observe; observation; viewing
  1. And understanding and studying the spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets in the experimental area, raising that it is the basis of geo - targets information collection with imaging spectrometer data to understand spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets, realizing that in a great extent spectral - integrated - form - based classification method can remove the phenomenon of " different spectrum with same objects " resulted from reflection ratio curve translation because of the angle change among sensor, targets and observation direction, and the average and variance images can be introduced to solve the problem of two kinds of geo - target with similar spectral forms and much different values of whole reflection ratio. it is suggested that " red edge " range bands of vegetation, which has close relationship with vegetation cover and biomass, is the main characteristic bands and important basis for careful vegetation classification and quantitative retrieval, and pixel - based derivative spectral analysis is very useful for removing the effects of soil background values and quantitatively retrieving vegetation biomass and cover. the remote sense quantitative retrieval model is developed for main appraisable factors of desertification monitoring assessment with imaging spectrometer data and then the applicability of model is analyzed

    研究結果如下：首先針對荒漠化地區的地物特徵，對高光譜數據不同波段的數據質量、波段組合進行了評價，提出了適用於荒漠化監測的基本波段選擇集；初步了解和掌握了研究地區的地物光譜特性及變異規律，進一步明確了掌握地物光譜特徵和變異規律是用成像光譜儀數據提取地物信息的基礎；發現了基於光譜整體形狀的分類方法在很大程度上能夠消除由於傳感器、地物目標觀測方向之間的角度變化引起的反射率曲線整體平移的「同物異譜」現象，對于譜形相似而整體反射率的值相差較大的兩類地物，通過引入均值和方差圖像參與分類得到解決；研究還表明在植被「紅邊」范圍內的波段是進行荒漠化監測的主要特徵波段，這些波段與植被生物量和蓋度都有密切的關系，是開展精細植被分類研究和植被定量反演的重要基礎；像元的導數光譜分析可以消除土壤背景的影響，是進行植被生物量和蓋度定量反演的有力工具；建立了荒漠化監測主要評價因子的定量反演模型，並分析了模型的適用性。
  2. The paper designed aerodynamic control system of pith and yaw channels and roll angle stabilization system, by using unsteady - state error follow - up control theory and state observation station theory in modern control theory

    本文使用現代控制理論中的無靜差跟蹤控制系統理論與狀態觀測器理論，設計了俯仰、偏航兩個通道的氣動力控制系統和滾轉角穩定系統。
  3. An indicator or a sighting apparatus on a plane table, used in angular measurement

    旋標裝置飛機控制板上的指示器或觀測儀，用來測量角度
  4. A second instrument, a new wide - field camera, will extend hubble ' s capability to see deep into the universe

    第二個儀器是一個全新的廣角行星相機，它使哈勃能夠觀測到宇宙深處。
  5. In the first part, the basic knowledge of particle scattering in meteorology and physics was introduced. the particles to be discussed include aerosol particles, fog droplets and raindrops and the em wave band in the discussion is near - infrared. in the second part, the mie theory was briefly reviewed and was applied to investigate the scattering characteristics of spherical atmospheric particles, the result shows that in the visibility measurement meter using forward - scattering method, when the working wavelegth is between 0. 8 m ~ 2 m, the scattering angle is between 25 ~ 40, the distinguishability and the relative scattering intensity would be better than those under other conditions. in the third part, the superellipsoid was used to describe a wide range of shapes such as spheres. ellipsoids and cylinders. an improved t - matrix method which can be used to calculate arbitry shaped particle ' s scattering field was introduced, and the scattering characteristics of non - spherical atmospheric particles was investigated with this method

    計算結果表明，從相對散射強度、同一方向上不同粒子散射的可區分程度來看，在散射式能見度探測儀器中，工作波長介於0 . 86 m 2 m ，探測角度選取前向25度40度時，探測的結果將會是比較理想的。第三部分中，使用超橢球方程來統一描述各種非球形粒子的形狀，然後使用t矩陣方法計算了一些形狀的非球形粒子的近紅外散射特性。另外，在本文中還針對球形粒子的散射場提供了一種三維可視化方法，使對散射場強度的空間分佈的理解更加簡單，直觀。
  6. " moving stars, changing scenes " is an introduction to the achievements of ancient chinese astronomy. divided into 4 sections, the publication focuses on ancient chinese star maps, observational instruments, astronomical records as well as timekeeping devices

    香港科學館出版的星移物換，以不同的角度介紹中國古代天文學的成就及特色，內容包括古代的星圖天文觀測儀器觀象文物及計時工具等。
  7. In this dissertation, we studied the tcra1101plus total station position system, which introduced the principle and characters of the instrument ' s closed loop tracking system. also we explained the cause of prism ' s position error and brought forward mathematic model to correct, moreover, the good results has been drawn form the expenriments. the kinetic survey system have been realized, which the sampling rate attain more than 5hz and the position precision can be less than 2mm on condition that targeted - point moving slowly at the velocity below 2cm / s. having finished the survey system to examine whether the fine - tuning stewart platform in good status, we have finished mensurating the position reference of the fine - tuning stewart platform and the offset of the prism

    在此基礎上研製了多臺儀器在線控制高頻采樣動態跟蹤測量系統，采樣率大於5hz ，在跟蹤小於2cm / s低速運動目標時，測量精度好於2mm ；完成對饋源二次精調系統的檢測，包括對二次精調平臺位置基準的標定和觀測棱鏡偏心差的測定；設計不同動態測量實驗，對全站儀動態跟蹤的誤差來源和特點進行了分析；從實驗角度，對全站儀的測量時滯及其穩定性進行了測試分析，給出了定量的結果；比較了全站儀和計算機的內部時間系統，發現兩者存在較大差異。
  8. The observation image is often rotated of some angel since the detector ’ s rotation is relative to the hose machine. thus it is necessary to do the real time image - rotation in reverse. it is important for fellow treatment such as observation, target detection and tracking, etc. this image tracker adopts real time electronic canceling image rotation technique by vsb

    由於光學圖像探測器常常會相對于載機轉動某一角度而使觀測圖像發生旋轉，因此往往要對圖像探測器獲得的目標圖像進行實時反旋轉變換，以便更好的人眼觀測以及對目標圖像的自動識別跟蹤等后續的圖像處理。
  9. This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory

    本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。
  10. The main task of this paper concentrates on such parts as calibration of measurement sensor, high speed and accuracy image collection and processing, data fusion of different angle of view, visualization of measuring results. to accomplish sensor calibration, a pinhole model of the camera is employed and an equation of a light plane is setup. parameters such as the m array of the pinhole model and the normal vector of the light plane arc acquired through experiment. in image processing, we adopt the template - changing parallel thinning method to improve processing speed and accuracy

    主要研究了攝像機針孔模型的建立及測量傳感器的標定；圖像的快速高精度的採集和處理，在圖像處理中採用多幀平均演算法，很好地解決了速度和精度之間的矛盾制約；根據旋動理論建立空間坐標變換數學模型，進而建立其不同視角下的測量數據融合演算法，生成完整的物體三維數據集合；在vc平臺下編寫三維顯示軟體模塊，完成三維測量結果的可視化，實現了三維物體的任意角度的觀察、任意倍數的放大和縮小、任意方向平移及動畫效果。
  11. By this, the error of observation will be reduced. the precision requirement of angles measurement is 0. 1 arc second. angles measurement can be substituted by translation measurement between images in detectors

    根據觀測精度的要求這一夾角的測量精度必須控制在0 . 1角秒內，夾角測量可轉化為探測器上圖像平移量測量。
  12. The observer using the coupling of axial and lateral and having feedback of acceleration is investigated. this method can estimate the angle of attack and the sideslip angle synchronously. an optimization named extrem is applied to optimize the feedback plus matrix

    研究了採用縱橫向耦合且具有線加速度反饋的非線性觀測器方法，該方法能夠同時估計迎角和側滑角參數，並採用extrem優化方法對其反饋參數增益參數進行了優化設計。
  13. By placing an ultrasound probe on the outside of the chest, the machine helps doctor to see the heart easily and clearly in 2d and therefore to assess the function of the heart muscle, the valves and even to see the blood flow in the major coronary arteries

    這部儀器使用方便，只要將超聲波探查器放在胸廓外，便可從二維角度觀察心臟，從而可測知心肌、心瓣功能及主要冠狀動脈的血流。
  14. Firstly, this paper introduces the asynchronous motor model, and compares it with the dc motor ’ s. then the paper studies the principle of vector control, and proposes an improved current model of rotor flux observer. this paper also studies the three - level inverter ’ s topology, working principle, the neutral - potential unbalance mechanism and its controlling strategy. the paper especially studies the svpwm in details. the interface between the vector control and the three - level inverter is studied in details, including the generation of reference voltage vector, its judging of the sector and triangular regions, and the working mechanism after it sent into three - level inverter. when synthesizing the reference voltage vector, select the vector which only includes p and o states as the starting vector, thus eliminate the vector shift problem when sector changes. this paper fully takes advantages of the powerful functions of matlab / simulink to set up the simulation model. this construction is very explicit. the simulation results verify the inverter voltage output is correct, the rotor flux is steady, the asynchronous motor ’ s dynamic and steady state performances and speed modulation are excellent

    本文首先介紹了異步電機的數學模型，在此基礎上將異步電機的數學模型與直流電機的數學模型進行了比較;然後介紹了矢量控制的基本原理，採用了一種改進的轉子磁鏈電流型觀測模型;對三電平逆變器的電路拓撲、工作原理、中點電位不平衡的機理及控制方法進行了介紹，詳細分析了空間矢量脈寬調制策略。本文對異步電機的矢量控制與三電平逆變器之間的介面進行了詳細的研究，包括:參考電壓矢量的形成、所落扇區與具體小三角形區域的判斷、送入逆變器之後的工作機理。在參考電壓矢量的合成時，選擇只包含p 、 o狀態的空間電壓矢量作為起始矢量，解決了扇區切換時的矢量突變問題。
  15. Because observing fire information to be recognized from multi - sensors can well and truly reflect the features of them, fire detection technology based on multi - sensors information fusion technology have been one of the development trends of fire detection

    從多傳感器視角觀察環境特徵能夠完整準確的反映準確的火災信息，因此，基於多傳感器信息融合技術的火災探測技術已經成為火災探測的發展趨勢之一。
  16. This paper introduces two methods to get the virtual sensor signal of angle of attack and sideslip angle : nonlinear observer method and ins / gps method

    本文介紹了兩種方法來得到迎角和側滑角的虛擬傳感器信號：非線性觀測器方法和利用ins gps系統數據估計迎角和側滑角方法。
  17. Because the ins error equation is unstable, some initial states error will cause error floating and error accumulating, if the filter observations were only position error, kalman filter will converge very slowly, and some states error ( such as yaw error ) will be great. since the milemeter altimeter and piloting could only output position information, this paper put forward a method, firstly estimateing states and then kalman filtering, to improve filtering effect. simulation proved that this method could effectively reduce the system states error, quicken filtering convergence and improve filtering precision

    由於慣導系統（ lsins ）的誤差方程是發散的，某些初始狀態的誤差會引起誤差的漂移和積累，當觀測量只有位置誤差時，卡爾曼濾波的收斂速度很慢，某些狀態（如方位角）誤差很大，而以上除慣導外的其它導航傳感器直接提供的只是位置信息，為了改善濾波器性能，本文根據里程計等傳感器的特點，提出了首先對狀態做出估計，然後在狀態估計的基礎上，進行卡爾曼濾波的方法。
  18. This method can guarantee the solution matrix of sylvester equation to be inverse and the sum of the input gain norm and the observer gain norm is the minimum. for the linear systems with unknown parameters, we identify the parameters using hopfield network, then design the observers using the identified parameters, the exponential convergence of adaptive observer is also proved. for the linear time - varying systems, a new network to solve the time - varying sylvester equation is proposed, we analysis it ' s convergence and robustness, then, deign the linear time - varying observer using this network model, and we discuss the convergence of the observer and ruboustness to unknown match parameters

    同時保證了sylvester方程的解矩陣的可逆性和觀測器的增益矩陣與輸入矩陣范數的和最小；在設計線性時不變自適應觀測器時，首先利用系統的輸入、輸出數據設計一個hopfield網路參數估計器，進一步設計狀態觀測器，證明了參數估計器和狀態觀測器的指數收斂性；為了仍然從神經優化計算的角度設計線性時變系統的狀態觀測器，最後介紹了一種求解時變sylvester矩陣方程的神經網路模型，分析了它的收斂性和魯棒性，然後利用該網路設計時變狀態觀測器，進一步討論該觀測器的在系統存在未建模不確定和外部噪聲時的魯棒性；最後給出了一種基於分離性原理和hopfield網路觀測器的狀態反饋閉環系統的結構，分析了該閉環系統的特點；對于每一種設計方法都給出了相應的數值模擬例子來進一步表明所提方法的可行性和有效性。
  19. Finally, based on the observability analysis and error analysis, two autonomous navigation schemes for encounter phase are respectively proposed in detail. monte carlo simulations are done for the two schemes. by analyzing and comparing the simulation results, we can get the conclusion that, under the accuracy conditions provided by the instruments in existence, the position estimation accuracy for probe encountering object celestial body is 0. 42km and 0. 04km, which demonstrate the feasibility of the two navigation schemes

    最後，在可觀性分析和誤差分析的基礎上，分別給出基於圖像測量的自主導航方法和基於視線方向及夾角測量的自主導航方法，並對這兩種方法進行蒙特卡羅數值模擬，通過對模擬結果的分析和比較，在現有儀器的測量精度下，探測器在與目標天體交會時刻的位置估計精度分別是0 . 42km和0 . 04km ，由此表明兩種自主導航方案都是可行的。
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