灰色市場 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [huīshǎishìchǎng]
灰色市場 英文
grey market
  • 灰 : Ⅰ名詞1 （物質燃燒后剩下的粉末狀的東西） ash 2 （塵土; 某些粉末狀的東西） dust 3 （特指石灰） lime...
  • 色 : 色名詞[口語] （顏色） colour
  • 市 : 同 「黻」[fú]
  • 場 : 場Ⅰ名詞1 （平坦的空地 多用來翻曬糧食 碾軋穀物） a level open space; threshing ground 2 [方言] （...
  • 灰色 : 1. （像木柴灰的顏色） gray; ashy 2. （頹廢失望） pessimistic; gloomy 3. （態度暖昧） obscure; ambiguous
  1. Here the using of grey associated analysis can give out the correlative extent between the reference casus and the intangible assets being appraised and increase precision of the application of the market approach

    參照物的選擇是市場法應用的關鍵，本文引入灰色關聯分析來比較參照物與目標無形資產之間的相似程度，提高了市場法的應用準確性。
  2. Our company is losing a lot of money to similar products being sold on the gray market

    由於類似產品在灰色市場上銷售，我們公司損失很大。
  3. Flickinger said he suspects that the fdas actions willmainlyaffect the so - called gray market of consumer products

    弗里金格說，他想fda的上述行動主要會影響所謂「灰色市場」 。
  4. Northeastern also received a grant from the national institute of justice to educate students about al - qaeda banking and the " gray market, " the practice of transferring money from abroad to other countries, possibly to finance illicit activities

    該大學還得到了全國司法研究所的撥款，就「基地」組織的資金運作以及「灰色市場」 （將資金從海外轉移到其他國家，並可能用於資助非法活動的行為）等內容對學生進行培訓。
  5. Using methods mixed with quantity analysis and quality analysis, such as professional estimation, analytical hierarchy process ( ahp ) and gray correlatively comprehensive appraisal. analyzed factors of the lu - mei group real property for example : politics, economy, financial affairs, infrastructure, technology, legal system, culture, and competition condition. provided the appraisal model and judgments result, which is the basis on the decision of the investor

    本文總結了近年來我國房地產開發投資環境分析的一些方法，運用專家評分法和層次分析法、灰色關聯分析法等定性和定量分析相結合的方法，對魯煤房地產開發公司擬開發的三個房地產地塊的政治、經濟、財務、市場、基礎設施、技術、法制、文化、競爭等條件進行了分析，給出了評價模型和論證結果，為解決類似的問題提供了評判模式，為投資者決策提供了科學的依據。
  6. But this investment type belongs to the gray district of law, supervision and regulation. operating with no norm, and having higher risk in the meantime, it will have the negative influence on the social stabilization and investors ’ benefits

    但這一投資類型屬於法律和監管的灰色地帶，運作不規范，具有較高的風險，並對社會穩定和資本市場的發展都會帶來沖擊和負面影響。
  7. First of all, i summarize the forecast model category and estimate each model in detail, then, i adopt different model to forecast demand, supply, bdi of bulk shipping market. as to demand forecast, i mainly focus on the imitating precision of primitive data, adopt grey forecast model, self - suited filter model separately, and then compose these models as a better one. as to supply forecast, i use econometrics model to describe the complicated relationship of demand, supply, bdi, gnp etc. as to bdi, i try to draw into market integrated factor, describe the relationship of bdi, supply, capacity, speed, rate of oil, navigating capital etc. then finally, i make afterwards evaluation of these models and then analyze future bulk shipping market in detail

    對于需求預測，著重考慮對原始數據的擬合精度，經過模型比較優選論證，分別採用了灰色一階模型，改進的灰色二階、自適應過濾預測的加權組合模型，得到了相當高的擬合精度；對于供給預測，運用計量經濟模型對供給、需求、運價、 gnp 、進出口貿易額等多變量之間復雜的相互關系進行動態模擬，定量的反映出各變量之間的因果關系；對于運價預測，嘗試引入市場綜合因數概念，化繁為簡，通過描述運價與運力供給、載重噸、油耗、航速、燃油價格、航行成本等等諸多因素的關系來進行預測。
  8. However, our listed companies of state - owned exist the serious insider control problem, for example making use of the job power to take the gray income, incumbency to consume to inflate etc. these activities violated the shareholder rights seriously, affecting the company oneself contain the preface movement, breaking the investment environment of china, also resulting the healthy development of stock market in endanger

    然而，我國國有控股上市公司內卻存在著嚴重的內部人控制問題，如利用職權牟取灰色收入、在職消費膨脹等。這些活動嚴重侵害了股東權益，影響了公司自身的有序運行，破壞了中國的投資環境，也給證券市場健康發展造成危害。
  9. The thesis summarizes the basic theories of price discrimination, expatiated on the multi - class differential pricing method and dynamic differential pricing theory ; concludes the factors that have impacts on tickets - price, analyses and classfies the factors ; brings forward a canonical method of market segmentation, introduces the process of market segmentation based on the model of gray relative level, discusses the idiographic measure of ticket - price control ; improves the academic achievements of former scholars, puts forward a model of multi - class dynamic differential pricing for the air passenger transport, which is based on the maximum revenue for the airline industry, and gives a approximate arithmetic of the model, then showes the application of the model and its feasibility on increasing airline industry ’ s revenue by 25 models

    在對民航定價的國內外研究現狀進行綜述的基礎上，從經濟學角度介紹差別定價的基本理論，闡述民航客運的多等級差別定價理論和動態差別定價理論;對民航票價的影響因素進行分類說明;作為多等級定價的基礎，提出市場細分的標準和方法，用灰色關聯度模型解決航空旅客市場細分問題，並提出票價控制的具體措施;引入一種旅客到達頻率預測的統計方法，以航空公司收益最大化為目標，建立基於多等級定價基礎上的動態差別定價模型，即多等級動態差別定價模型，給出模型的遞歸演算法，通過對動態差別定價模型的運行結果進行分析，建立模型的一種近似模型，並且用25個簡單算例說明模型的用法以及在提高航空公司收益方面的可行性。
  10. The gray evaluation model of marketing opportunity

    市場營銷機會灰色評價模型
  11. The gray systems analysis of marketing trend for hot - water utensils of solar energy

    太陽能熱水器市場銷售趨勢的灰色系統分析
  12. We consider gray income as part of the manager ' s income and define the generalized “ career concern ”, and give up the assumption of completely competitive market

    本文明確引入「灰色收入」作為企業營者收入一部分，定義廣義的「職業生涯考慮」 ，同時，放棄了完全競爭市場的假設。
  13. At first, i developed the principle and restrictive factor to optimize the investment structure of regional industry ; secondly, i applied the grey theory to research the relationship between structure of investment and structure of industry, the relationship between structure of industry and economy of region. ; thirdly, three methods, including ahp, principal component analysis and relative potential were exerted to research the order of investment afterward, i developed qualitative analysis to the third industry, and put forward suggest to its progress direction ; fourthly, using economics and operational research ' s thoughtway for reference, i upbuilt the dynamic model of investment portion model. at last, according as the regional concrete situation and market environment of wto transition period, i developed some policy suggests, in order ensuring the optimization of investment structure to be realized successfully

    首先，提出了優化區域產業投資結構的原則和制約因素；其次，運用灰色系統理論對區域的產業結構與整體經濟、投資結構與產業結構的關系進行論證分析；第三，建立了區域產業投資結構評價指標體系，並運用ahp法、主成份分析法和相對勢法對河北省第一、第二產業投資排序進行了研究，然後，在充分利用現有數據的前提下對第三產業進行了定性的分析，並對第三產業的發展方向提出了建議；第四，借鑒了經濟學、管理學、運籌學等一些理論的思想方法，建立了區域產業連續投資分配比例模型；最後，根據河北省情，結合中國進入wto的過渡期市場環境，提出了一些政策建議，以達到實現河北省產業投資結構優化的目的。
  14. The chinese market is moving towards the internationalization, while facing the competitor swarming forward and the opportunity of going out, chinese enterprises should set up one ' s own strategic alliances as soon as possible, strengthen the national and international competitiveness of our enterprises. of course, one series of scientific, practical method should be carried on as the theory instruct. based on both home and international studies about strategic alliances, the dissertation starts with the basic conception of the relationship management of the strategic alliance, then give an all - round explaining to the relationship management of the strategic alliance and analyze the risk factors of strategic alliance that exist in the relationship management, and then structure the grey correlation and neural network model to appraise the performance of the relationship management, and combine with realistic reasons that lead to the failure of the strategic alliances, finally use the models mentioned above to analysis a real example to distinguish the influence primary and secondary factors to relationship management of the strategic alliances and offer references to boost the rate of successful strategic alliances and improve the strategic alliances " benefit

    中國市場正在走向國際化，而對蜂擁而至的競爭者以及走出中國的新機會，中國企業應該盡快地建立起自己的企業聯盟，增強民族企業在國內外的競爭力，這需要一套科學、實用的方法進行理論指導本文在分析國內外關于戰略聯盟等理論方面的研究成果基礎上，從戰略聯盟關系管理基本概念入手，對戰略聯盟關系管理內容進行全面闡述，剖析戰略聯盟關系管理中存在的風險因素，構建戰略聯盟關系管理績效的灰色關聯評價模型和神經網路模型，並與戰略聯盟失敗的現實原因相結合，運用上述模型進行實證分析，區分了影響戰略聯盟關系管理因素的主次，為提高戰略聯盟的成功率、提高戰略聯盟效益提供了參考。
  15. For advancing the core competition complicity and exploiting international market, this article quite systematic research credit risk measurement technology and management way, the main conclusion as following : analyzing several commonly used credit grading methods ’ good and bad points and their compatibility. facing to the characteristic with finance data lack in our country, using the grey systems theory, we propose one kind of credit grading method based on the degree of grey incidence in view of keeping away corporations ’ default, and gives the example analysis

    本文圍繞提升商業銀行核心競爭力和開拓國際市場的實際需要，針對我國商業銀行信用風險管理中的關鍵問題，如信用風險度量技術和管理方式等進行了系統的研究，主要內容如下:分析了幾種常用信用評分方法的優缺點及適應性，為有效防範企業違約，針對我國金融數據少的特點，提出了一種基於灰色關聯度的信用評分方法，並給出算例分析。
  16. Combining the traditional methods of market demand forecasts, such as linear regression, gray system, generalized weighted proportional combination forecasting, the author also have analysed and forecasted the actual example in this paper, which clearly response the applied logic of using petri net model to resolve the question of market demand forecasts. the founded model of petri net in resolving market demand forecasts has the characteristic of pertinence and universality. the key issue of those important problems often occurred in marketing is the market mix decision and regulate - control analysis and the question of how to enhance the market share of products is the foundation to resolve this issue

    論文還結合線性回歸、灰色系統、廣義加權平均組合預測等傳統市場預測方法對實例進行了分析和預測，充分清楚地反映了應用petri網模型進行市場營銷需求預測的應用邏輯，所建模型對于解決市場需求預測問題具有較強的針對性和普遍性；市場營銷組合決策和調控分析是市場營銷眾多問題中的一個重點，如何有效提高產品的市場佔有率是該問題的出發點。
  17. Application of the grey system theory in market forecast

    灰色系統理論在市場預測中的應用
  18. Gray system model of market segmentation

    市場細分的灰色系統模型
  19. Firstly, aiming the marketing of hydroelectricity, that is, under the situation of separated plant and network, and entering the market by the competition of price, the author analyzed the advantages of the development of hydroelectricity. secondly the author made a medium - long - period forecast and evaluation of the electric load of the accepting - electricity area by gray - and - nerve network matrix

    首先針對水電市場化問題，即在廠網分家、竟價上網的形勢下，水電發展的優勢何在進行了探討；其次應用灰色與神經網路模型對受電區電力負荷進行了中長期預測與評價；通過梯級開發順序的基本理論與方法研究，得出黃河上游水電梯級開發順序的兩個備選方案。
  20. In the first stage, p coefficient is computed with time serial method ; and in the second stage, as the regressions are cross section by nature, after the linear fitting of stock values on the market to the stock values being assessed, and after the statistical tests, the relations between them are analyzed with the method of gray - related - degree, besides, on the basis of choosing model parameter rationally, the suitability of dcf to chinese capital market is testified as well

    本文實證研究採用了雙程回歸技術和灰色關聯度分析方法，第一程是用時間序列求系數；第二程回歸在性質上是橫截面的，通過對股權評估價值與股權市場價值的線性擬合，對其進行統計檢驗；最後，通過灰色關聯度分析方法，分析了二者的關聯關系，檢驗了在合理選擇模型參數的基礎上， dcf方法在我國資本市場上的適用性。
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