災害預防 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zāihàiyùfáng]
災害預防 英文
disaster preparedness
  • 災 : 名詞1. （災害） disaster; calamity 2. （個人的不幸） personal misfortune; adversity; unluckiness
  • 預 : Ⅰ副詞（預先; 事先） in advance; beforehand Ⅱ動詞（參與） take part in
  • 防 : Ⅰ動詞（防鷥） provide against; defend against; guard against Ⅱ名詞1 （防守; 防禦） defence 2 （堤...
  • 災害 : damage; disaster; fatality; calamity
  • 預防 : prevent; take precautions against; guard against
  1. And the resuits are as follows : the main hazards in rural area were flood, water - logging, landslide and debris flow, whereas water - logging in cities ; the catastrophe was caused by the natural factors including the heavy rain due to the strong tropical storm, the mountainous terrain conditions in xiangjiang river basin, and the man - made factors including unreasonable project construction, the imperfect disaster warning mechanism, the weak consciousness on disaster prevention and the unperfect disaster risk transfer mechanism etc

    結果表明：農村的主要致災因子是洪水、內澇、滑坡、泥石流，而城市主要為內澇；此次巨災是在強熱帶風暴引發的暴雨、湘江流域中上游多山的地形條件等自然因素，和工程建設不合理、災害預警機制不夠完善、人們防災意識薄弱以及災害風險轉移機制不夠成熟等人為因素的共同作用下導致的。
  2. Helping governments to prevent and assess the damage of disasters and assist them in reconstruction and rehabilitation of the agricultural sector

    幫助各國政府預防和評估災害的破壞，協助它們重建和恢復農業部門。
  3. ( 3 ) by choosing core faultage of axial site in luohu fracture zone i. e. geological cross section in huangbeiling faultage f8 as geological model and utilizing finite element numerical method, change tendency of huangbeiling faultage f8 under self - weight stress and building loads is stimulated. and long - term development trend of fracture zone is also predicted, which has an important guiding meaning for works of geological disaster prevention in district of luohu jiancheng

    （ 3 ）選取羅湖斷裂帶軸部的核心斷層?黃貝嶺f8斷層地質剖面作為地質模型，利用有限元數值方法模擬了黃貝嶺f8斷層在自重應力和建築物荷載共同作用下的變化趨勢，預計出斷層帶的長期發展趨勢，這對羅湖建成區的地質災害防止工作有重要的指導意義。
  4. Last year, the director of the hong kong observatory in his capacity as chairman hosted in hong kong the world meteorological organisation s expert team meeting on weather forecasting and warning. last week, he chaired a meeting of experts on the organisation s newly established natural disaster prevention and mitigation programme in geneva

    去年，香港天文臺臺長以主席身份在香港主持了世界氣象組織天氣預報及警報專家小組的會議，上星期他又在日內瓦擔任該組織新的天然災害防禦及應對計劃專家會議主席。
  5. Regional combinational law of the main agricultural meteorological disaster is summarized through analyse three main agricultural meteorological disaster and their types, characteristic and regional distribution in jilin province. and forecast the trend of drought, flood and low temperature cold damage. all the purpose is to provide the scientific basis for disaster prevention and control in accordance with local condition

    本文通過對吉林省三種主要農業氣象災害（乾旱、澇災、低溫冷害）的特徵分析，總結出吉林省主要農業氣象災害的空間組合規律，並對未來旱澇和低溫冷害的趨勢進行了預測，為吉林省制定減災、防災和救災的基本對策提供科學的依據。
  6. Nanchang, june 25, 2007 ( xinhua ) - - the sky is darkly clouded before a rainstorm in nanchang, capital of east china ' s jiangxi province, on june 25, 2007. a rainstorm hit the city on monday

    這是雷電暴雨來臨前的南昌市區（ 6月25日攝） 。 6月25日14時左右，江西南昌電閃雷鳴，暴雨傾盆，整個城市瞬間由白天進入「黑夜」 。江西省氣象臺緊急發布雷電橙色預警信號，提醒市民注意防範雷電災害。
  7. Tests in korean pine seed stands in linkou forest bureau have approved that prescribed burning is an effective measure for the prevention of forest fires and the safety of korean pine seed stands, as well as for the control of forest diseases and insects and the promotion of the tree growth

    林口林業局通過對紅松母樹林下的細小可燃物進行計劃燒除實驗，證明這種方法不但是預防森林火災、保證紅松母樹林安全的有效措施，而且還可消除森林病害蟲和增加林木生長量。
  8. Present methods generally based on the statistics of earthquake damage, expert experiences, theory analysis and experimental researches have obvious advantages, disadvantages and certain scopes of application ; ( 2 ) different prediction methods should be adopted against different building conditions, sites, intensity and experiences etc to predict earthquake damage of buildings for prospective accuracy, dependability and availability ; ( 3 ) earthquake damage matrix, which is the foundation of earthquake damage prediction, of 7 kinds of building in the urban areas of zhangzhou city under intensity 6 to 9 has been set up. the damage conditions of different buildings under different intensity are as followings : all kinds of structures are basically intact under intensity 6 ; the reinforced concrete structures are basically intact under intensity 7, but other kinds of structures are destroyed slightly ; the reinforced concrete structures are still basically intact while other kinds of structures are destroyed intermediately under intensity 8 ; the reinforced concrete structures are destroyed slightly, single - story factories and open houses are destroyed intermediately and other kinds of structures are destroyed seriously under intensity 9 ; ( 4 ) the results of earthquake damage predicting of buildings embody the damage when earthquake happens in the future. thus, further identifications and reinforcements should be considered to buildings that will be destroyed intermediately or more under the earthquake with 10 % exceeding probability in future 50 years ; ( 5 ) the direct economic losses caused by damage of buildings resting with the area, structural type, intensity and damage of all kinds of buildings are the main part of the losses of the city in an earthquake ; ( 6 ) the direct economic losses increased progressively toward high intensity by 2 or 3 times

    基於上述研究，得出的主要結論有：建築物震害預測是一個模糊的、系統的、復雜的問題，現有的方法很多一般都是以震害統計規律、專家經驗、理論分析和試驗研究為依據，有其自身的優缺點和一定的適用范圍；應針對不同的建築物條件、場地條件、地震強度和已有經驗等，採用不同的預測方法進行建築物震害預測，以使預測結果達到預期的精確性、可靠性和可操作性；建立了漳州市區7類建築物在6度9度地震作用下的震害矩陣，成為指導抗震防災的重要依據，各類結構的震害情況表現為： 6度地震作用下各類建築物基本完好； 7度地震作用下除鋼筋混凝土結構基本完好外其餘以建築輕微破壞為主； 8度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構仍以基本完好為主而其餘建築以中等破壞為主； 9度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構以輕微破壞為主，單層工業廠房和空曠房屋以中等破壞為主，其餘建築以嚴重破壞為主；建築物的震害預測結果體現了未來地震來臨時的震害程度，在編制漳州市區抗震防災規劃時，對于遭遇50年超越概率10的地震影響發生中等以上破壞的建築物應考慮進行抗震鑒定和加固；由建築物的破壞所造成的直接經濟損失是城市地震經濟損失的主要部分，重慶大學碩士學位論文中文摘要其主要與建築物總面積、結構類型、地震烈度和各類建築物的震害程度有關;不同烈度造成的直接經濟損失按2一3倍向高烈度方向遞增，漳州市區直接經濟損失由6度至9度的比例關系為1 : 2 . 8 : 8 . 6 : 22 . 8 ;遭遇基本地震設防烈度（ 7度）時，漳州市區直接經濟損失約4 . 5億元，無家可歸人員約40000人，且以磚木結構和多層磚混結構的震害損失最大;地震造成的人員傷亡主要與建築物倒塌及嚴重破壞的程度和總面積以及震時的建築物室內人數密切相關，地震時無家可歸人員主要與住宅倒塌、嚴重破壞及中等破壞的程度和總面積以及城市人均居住面積密切相關。
  9. In recent years, fire occurred in a higher frequency. installing automatic fire detectors in buildings is an important means to prevent fires

    火災是近年來發生頻率較高的一種災害，在建築物中安裝火災自動報警器就是預防火災的一個重要手段。
  10. It is applied to drill heavy duty pretension anchor holes at side slope of water power station, railway or highway projects, to drill drainage holes and grouting pile holes on roof of tunnel gallery

    適用於水電站鐵路公路邊坡大噸位預應力錨固孔排水孔隧道口管棚孔的施工，以及預防滑坡巖石坍塌等地質災害治理工程。
  11. Whereafter, based on the analysis on the flood influence for traffic lines, the research is centered on the following parts : firstly, the destroying modes, reasons and mechanism of flooded lines are discussed, and the frameworks and countermeasures of preventing and controlling hazards system are put forward ; secondly, the ways of region forecasting for the landslide are analyzed and the automation of landslide forecast for certain site through visual programming is realized. furthermore, the function of dynamic segmentation in arc view is made use of to realize the forecast result ' s visualization ; thirdly, the reasons and patterns of roadbed subsidence are discussed and the methods of forecasting subsidence based on the gm ( 1, 1 ) model are put forward. then the applications of the arcview software and its extended module on the study of roadbed subsidence are debates upon ; fourthly, an analysis on the sources of flood for traffic lines, which situate in the reservoir coverage area, is given

    接著，論文探討了山區交通線路災害的特點、分類、時間和空間分佈規律以及災害的防治原則和對策等；然後，以洪水災害對交通線路的毀壞為主線，重點研究和分析了以下幾個問題：第一，探討了洪水對交通線路的破壞方式，水毀原因以及水毀機理，並提出了交通線路水毀防禦系統框架和對策；第二，分析了雨季邊坡塌方災害的區段預測方法；通過可視化編程，編制了雨季邊坡塌方災害的工點預報程序，並結合arcview實現了預測結果的可視化；第三，對路基沉陷原因和模式進行了分析，並提出利用gm （ 1 ， 1 ）模型對路基沉陷區進行分析和預測，最後論述了arcview軟體及其擴展模塊在沉陷區研究分析中的應用；第四，對汛期庫區線路災害的原因進行了分析，並探討了利用數量化理論對路基防護工程抗洪能力進行預測的意義；第五，提出從風險的角度對交通線路的防災減災進行管理，對風險估計的相關問題進行了論述，並探討了交通線路水害危險區段的劃分問題。
  12. Geologicl hazards and prevention countermeasure in yuzhou city of henan province

    河南省禹州市地質災害與防治預案
  13. Consequently, executives of culture prevention organization can utilize this well - planed policy and necessary emergency treatments to safeguard building constructions as well as to preserve valuable cultural collections. in conclusion, this thesis provides preservation organization with the analysis and strategy of risk management in protection and emergency recuperation of cultural assets from extraneous environmental factors. under the proposed insurance plan, a culture preservation organization can, furthermore, contribute to promulgate the development of human civilization by reducing the losses of historical properties caused by disasters and insuring the value of cultural collections

    質是之故，本論文系以危險管理之理論與方法的分析為基礎，將其觀念應用在文物典藏機構之災害預防與救援措施，進而研擬文物保險之制度，以及相關的配合措施，而使文物典藏機構之經營與管理，藉由災害避免，減少損失的努力，進而保全文物資產，達致安全與永續發展，發揮人類文化嬗遞之理想境地，是為本文研究之成果與期待。
  14. Cadp is a legally registered national nonprofit organization with the members from institutions, teams and personnel engaged in disaster forecasting, prevention, relief, management, publicity and education of disaster knowledge

    協會是由全國從事災害預防、救助、管理、宣傳、教育等單位、團體及科學技術和災害管理人員自願組成的社會團體，依法在國家民政部登記注冊。
  15. China association for disaster prevention ( cadp ) was established in 1987, it is a nationwide comprehensive social organization and supervised by ministry of science and technology of prc and administrated under china earthquake administration

    協會是由全國從事災害預防、救助、管理、宣傳、教育等單位、團體及科學技術和災害管理人員自願組成的社會團體，依法在國家民政部登記注冊。
  16. On the basis of the methods and summarizing the existent problems, applying the methods and integrating the " 3s " technology, the authors predict establishing an integrated system, including observation, research, assessment, forecast and warning, defending and mending, is the promising research prospect

    在對各類方法以及存在問題進行概述的基礎上，指出在方法應用的同時，集成和融合迅速發展起來的" 3s "技術，建立集觀測、研究、風險評估、預報預警、預防和治理一體化的災害預報系統是未來發展的方向和趨勢。
  17. Based on the super capability of gis, the paper discusses problems on layer management of related data, design of attribute tables, and data coding etc. the coefficient of the soil liquefaction resistance k and the coefficient of soil liquefaction hazard h are presented. the seismic sand liquefaction forecasting, liquefaction disasters forecasting, and prevention measures on liquefaction are also discussed. using the software of mapgis, the process of liquefaction database setup has been studied

    本文基於gis在數據存儲管理及可視化方面的強大功能，研究了適合gis環境的液化評價相關數據的分層管理，屬性數據表設計以及圖元編碼等問題；並提出了土層抗液化指數k及砂土液化災害指數h兩個重要液化評價因子，在此基礎上進一步研究了地震砂土液化預測、液化災害預測以及防治處理信息系統建設等問題。
  18. And it introduces the transportation disaster conception and category of the airline company based on the airline company safety manufacture system, and uses the conception to study the airline company safety state ; at the same time, it is under the guidance of the theory of enterprise forewarning management system and absorbs the latest achievements of safety science, human factor science and disaster science. this paper also initially constructs the transportation disaster forewarning management system of the airline company. by using this system, the new conception, mechanism and the model of airline company security management are explored ; the inducement producing and developing of the airline company transportation disaster are prevented and rectified ; the visible or invisible damages of the airline company transportation disaster are defended and reduced ; the safety of the airline company running system is assured

    本論文突破以往基於航空器運行狀態研究航空公司安全狀態的做法，基於航空公司安全生產系統提出了航空公司交通災害概念及范疇，並引入航空公司交通災害概念研究航空公司安全狀態；同時以企業預警管理理論為指導，吸收了安全科學、人素科學、災害科學的最新成果，初步構建了航空公司交通災害預警管理系統，旨在探索航空公司安全管理的新理念、新機制、新模式，防止和矯正航空公司交通災害誘因的萌生與發展，預防和減少航空公司交通災害造成的有形或無形危害，並保證航空公司運營系統處于有序的安全狀態。
  19. How to improve information management of disaster prevention and mitigation, and build a disaster warning mechanism

    如何加強防災減災的信息管理，建立災害預警機制。
  20. If a magnitude 7. 3 earthquake struck tokyo the economic damage could total $ 1. 0 trillion, a government disaster prevention panel said

    如果一個規模7 . 3的地震襲擊東京，經濟的損害可能高達一兆美元，一個官方災難預防小組說。
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