無分水的地面 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [wúfēnshuǐdedemiàn]
無分水的地面 英文
undivided surface
  • 無 : 無Ⅰ動詞（沒有） not have; there is not; be without Ⅱ名詞1 （沒有） nothing; nil 2 （姓氏） a surn...
  • 分 : 分Ⅰ名詞1. （成分） component 2. （職責和權利的限度） what is within one's duty or rights Ⅱ同 「份」Ⅲ動詞[書面語] （料想） judge
  • 水 : 名詞1 （由兩個氫原子和一個氧原子結合而成的液體） water 2 （河流） river 3 （指江、河、湖、海、洋...
  • 的 : 4次方是 The fourth power of 2 is direction
  • 面 : Ⅰ名詞1 （頭的前部; 臉） face 2 （物體的表面） surface; top 3 （外露的一層或正面） outside; the ri...
  • 無分 : no try
  1. In recent years, the water - saving and control irrigation technique of rice has diverted from plot experimental and demonstration to lare scale. and has got remarkable economic and social benefits. amed at the characteristics of this irrigation area, optimal selection for water - saving techniques of rice, deciding the amout of leaching water and irrigation modles, investigating the adaptability of the water - saving and control irrigation technique in saline land. studying the increase in production mechanism of the technique are important to extend the technique, to better and develop saline land as well as slick spots. according to the results of field experiments, optimization study was conducted on the water - saving irrigation technique of rice in saline land, the effects of different water - saving irrigation techniques on the physiological indexes and yield of rice were systematically analyzed. by using mutiplepurpose fuzzy optimization method, better. water - saving irrigation technique was selector out, that is. the control irrigation technique in rice. the mechanism of it was analyzed from the aspect of the physiological and ecological saving water of rice to provide the implemental process and technical point ; throgh the quantitive analysis and comparision on control irrigation and control class ( flood irrigation ), high production and quality mechanism of the technique was analyzed in terms of physiology indexes of rice, the variation of soil moisture, the pest resistance and the lodge resistance, the change of soil temperature in paddy fields. the yield constitutive factors, the quality of rice and so on. in saline land. control irrigation and intermittent leaching modles were adopted to validate the adaptability of the technique in irrigation of rice in saline land, to analyze rice ' s physiological - ecological indexes and the change of soil salt content under the conditions of control irrigation leaching of rice and and to provide control irrigation and combined modle of intermittent leaching to adapt to different conditions

    本文從試驗及試驗資料入手，取得以下主要成果和結論：對鹽堿地水稻節水灌溉技術進行優化研究，系統地分析了不同節水灌溉技術對水稻生理指標及產量的影響，採用了多目標模糊優化的方法，對灌水技術進行綜合評判，優選了節水灌溉技術，論證該地區宜採用水稻控制灌溉技術；闡述控灌技術通過調節和控制水稻的需水規律，降低水稻高產情況下的無效水量消耗，從水稻生理、生態節水兩方面分析了控灌技術節水機理，針對性地總結出水稻各生育期實施節水控灌技術的步驟及技術要點；通過控灌與淹灌的定量對照比較，從根系、莖蘗、冠層葉片及綠葉動態到株高，土壤水分變化，抗病蟲害、抗倒伏能力，稻田土溫變化，產量構成因素及稻米品質等諸多方面進行動態比較，分析控灌技術高產優質機理；在鹽堿稻地採用控制灌溉+間歇淋洗模式，跟蹤測試田間水鹽變化狀況，驗證控制灌溉技術在鹽堿地區水稻灌溉中應用的適應性，通過分析水稻控制灌溉淋洗條件下水稻生理生態指標，提出優化控制灌溉+間歇淋洗組合模式，為進一步在高礦化度地區試驗水稻控灌技術奠定基礎。
  2. The aggregate ground floor area of all buildings on the lot, including accessory buildings but excluding unroofed terraces and steps and cornices, eaves or gutters projecting not more than thirty ( 30 ) inches, expressed as a percentage of the lot area

    基地上主體建築和附屬建築所佔土地面積的總和，以占基地面積百分比形式表示，不包括無頂露臺、臺階和外凸小於30英寸的飛檐、屋檐及導水溝。
  3. According to the background information from the above, the facts of the combination, expansion and quick development of wut, and the strategic significance of the world ' s economy and the development of university, and from the angle of history, reality and the future, to a large degree, this paper analyzes three strategic environment faced by university, that is : intellectual economy and the world ' s new technical revelation ; marketing economy and modernization of china ; the popularity of education and the reform of chinese higher leaning system. through a thorough analysis of thirty six comprehensive universities and science and engineering colleges owned by the national education department, and through comparison between typical universities, this paper also objectively analyzes the strength and advantages of the development of wut on the aspects of subjects, trade and scale, and the disparity existed in subject strength, scientific and technical ability, qualified personnel construct and the economic base. through those analysis, it points out several problems in the development of university, such as " no common idea, no complementary subjects, no fixed core, no unified campus " and etc. therefore, a basic conclusion is drawn, that is " generally speaking, wut ranks among the second class of the nation ' s higher learning groups, and which possesses many potentialities to help itself step into the first class universities

    本課題正是從上述背景出發，緊密結合武漢理工大學合併、擴招和大發展的實際，從世界經濟和大學發展的高度，從歷史、現實和未來的角度，大范圍、多層面、寬視野地分析了學校發展所面臨的知識經濟和世界新技術革命、市場經濟和中國現代化建設以及教育大眾化和高校管理體制改革三大戰略環境，通過對育部所屬36所綜合及理工類高校的整體分析和典型大學的個案對比，比較客觀地分析了學校發展在學科、行業和規模三方面的實力與優勢以及存在的學科實力、科技能力、人才結構和經濟基礎等四方面的差距，指出了學校發展中「無共同的理念、無互補的學科、無凝聚的核心、無統一的校園」等問題，並得出一個基本結論：學校總體位居全國高校第二集團水平，具有向一流大學邁進的基礎，同時，相比國內一流大學又有很大的差距。
  4. 3. it was rocky hills and relatively high in the yangtze river mouth area along changzhou, wuxi, changshu, kunshan and qingpu, which belonged to changzhou - kunshan zone according to holocene delimitation from the final stage of the liangzhu culture to the stage of the maqiao culture, due to the expansion of taihu basin and large water areas, maqioa cultural sites were concentrated on rocky hills and cheniersin the east of taihu to the west of shanghai

    3 、蘇南常州、無錫、常熟、崑山和青浦一帶曾經是長江河口地區的基巖山地，在全新統地層分區上屬于常州一崑山區，是古地面地勢相對較高的地方。良渚文化末期至馬橋文化期，為太湖湖盆體系擴大時期，水域較大，所以馬橋文化遺址集中於太湖東部與上海西部地勢較高的基巖山地和砂堤之上。
  5. Such survey, research, contrast and analysis lead to the author ' s positioning of current status of county economy development of the yuanmou county as follows : 1 ) yuanmou is a county typically sustained by agriculture and thus has the characteristics of its kind along with other basic characteristics of mountainous counties ; 2 ) it has lagged far behind the development of the rest of the country, with an economic size accounting to merely 25 % of the average of other counties of china, or 50 % of other counties of yunnan ; 3 ) natural advantages have enabled the tropical crops and green agriculture to stand out as the leading industries, which, together with the discriminative planning and effective efforts of the local government, has resulted in the emergence of the promising " dinosaur economy ; " and 4 ) under - development of industry, now the weakest point of economy of the county, has always been hindering the rapid growth of the local economy and worrying the county leadership, suggesting that industrial restructure and accelerated development of the second and third industries are a tough but inevitable task to tackle

    通過調查、研究、對比、分析，將元謀縣域經濟發展的現狀定位在：元謀縣是邊疆少數民族地區典型的農業縣，具有農業主導縣所具有的典型特徵，同時也具有山區縣經濟類型的基本特徵；與全國縣域經濟的平均水平相比差距較大，為25左右；與雲南省的平均水平相比僅為50左右；元謀縣由於具有一定的自然優勢，其熱區作物、綠色產業已經非常突出地成為了該縣的主導產業，加之政府能動力發揮得較好，其「龍型經濟」正在逐步形成，發展勢頭看好，縣域經濟的規劃、發展思路清晰明了；工業仍然是元謀縣經濟發展最為薄弱的一環， 「無工不富」是時時懸在縣委、縣政府頭上的一個警鐘。產業結構的調整，二、三產業的大力發展是元謀縣無法繞開而又必須面對的非常艱巨的任務。
  6. Based upon the analysis of the data obtained during the survey, it can be concluded that : 1 ) the number of biomass of macrobenthos in the yellow sea and the east china sea in autuma is higher than that in spring, while the number of density of macrobenthos in autumn is lower than that in spring ; 2 ) the number of biomass of macrobenthos in the yellow sea is higher than that in the east china sea ; 3 ) the number of species in the yellow sea is lower than that in the east china sea ; 4 ) one of the characteristics of distribution of macrobenthos in the east china sea is that the species richness increased from the coastal waters to the offshore deep waters, from the north to the south. 5 ) the species composition in the deeper part occupied by the cold water mass of the yellow sea is more stable than that in the coastal part of the yellow sea in the late 40 ~ 50 years

    通過以上幾方面的分析，結果表明： 1 ）黃東海調查海域的秋季總生物量均高於春季，總棲息密度則低於早春季； 2 ）黃東海春季生物多樣性指數高於秋季； 3 ）南黃海、東海的水文特點顯著不同：東海底溫顯著高於南黃海底溫，東海底鹽亦高於南黃海底鹽； 4 ）南黃海春秋季生物量分佈無一致規律，東海春秋季生物量除長江口外基本上自近岸向外海逐步降低； 5 ）東海大陸架大型底棲動物的種類組成較南黃海更豐富； 6 ）東海大型底棲動物的分佈特點之一為：種類數由北向南、由近岸（西部）向外海（東部）逐漸增多； 7 ）在黃海冷水團控制的海域，其底棲動物種類組成較近岸海域穩定； 8 ）幾個生物多樣性指數各有側重，都能較好地反映底棲動物的分佈特點
  7. Main results are as follows : ( 1 ) the analysis about water supply source. this paper analyzed the river water without and with configuration engineering to sure the reliable quantity of surface water ; analyzed the underground water source near river and in the urban to sure the reasonable quantity of exploitation, considered the recycle of sewage, evaluated the ability to the ensure city water supply

    對地表水源包括無調蓄工程的峪（河）水、有水庫控制的峪（河）水進行水文分析，確定地表水的可利用量；對傍河地下水源和城區自備井所開采地下水源進行分析，確定地下水的合理開采量；並考慮污水回用，對城市供水水源綜合保證能力進行全面評估。
  8. The reproductive organ blister measles therefore recur, is because blister measles virus deep hiding in ganglion " the establishment gram kj medicinal preparation " series medicineis one kind of structure medicine, it ordinary disease - resistant poisonous medicine composition member is younger than several hundred times, can seep the nerve and the ganglion from the extroversion which suffers injury, is same along with it to sponge absoring water, layer upon layer strips the adsorption in the ganglion the crazy duplication viral body, the destruction virus s nucleotide duplication enzyme, causes it to be separated from the nerve is separated from the virus can massive gathering in the reproductive organ hypodermic, by now again coordinated the establishment gram venereal diseases kj medicinal preparation formidable anti - virus function, comprehensively struck kills the virus, caused the virus not to hide the place, thus achieved thoroughly permanently cured goal

    安立克kj劑"系列藥物是一種微分子結構的藥物，它比普通抗病毒藥物的組成分子小幾百倍，能夠從外向內滲透進受損的神經和神經節，隨之就向海綿吸水一樣，層層剝離吸附在神經節里瘋狂復制的病毒體，破壞病毒的核苷酸復制酶，使其脫離神經.脫離出來的病毒會大量的聚集在生殖器皮下，這時再配合安立克性病kj劑強大的抗病毒作用，全面擊殺病毒，使病毒無藏身之地，從而達到徹底根治的目的
  9. Zhuangchai lake locates at zhuangjia village, yucheng town. the south of it is new yanhu road and the north of it is jiayuxia river. its surface area is about 195mu, and its surrounding area is about 200mu. there are 3 small islands in the middle of the lake, 3mu, 4mu and 60mu separately. zhuangchai lake black - back orucian is very famous. there are many kind of river fishes in the lake. the lake is a natural breed base. this program relies on zhuangqiao lake ' s special resource advantages and wants to develop sper cial leisure farm

    莊柴湖位於海鹽縣于城鎮莊家村，南連新鹽湖公路，北接加於硤航線，水面面積195畝，周邊區域200畝，河內有三個面積分別為3畝、 4畝、 60畝的小島，莊柴湖烏背鯽魚享譽縣內外，湖內養殖了白鰱、花鰱、草魚、青魚等傳統四大家魚，資源豐富，使無公害生態水產的天然養殖基地，本項目依託莊柴湖獨特資源優勢，開發特色休閑農莊。
  10. This thesis regard internal property reorganization in the group of pangang as the research object, from chengdu seamless steel pipe limited liability company with chengdu iron and steel works inside exterior environment reorganizing in front and back commences, making use of to exceed the makel - bot with of five factors competition models and the method of factors analysis, after analyzing the reorganization of the business enterprise a profession for facing competes the situation. develop the development the business enterprise with the profession industry from the international local profession rival circumstance after analyzing the reorganization should the market position of the establishment with develop the strategy target. make use of the swot the analysis the method, to after the reorganization the development strategy of the business enterprise, from manage the angle proceeded the fixed position analyzes, for after the reorganization business enterprise development provided four kinds of developments strategy that eligibility choose : the brave development strategy, request the resources advantage, funds advantage, human resource advantage, technique advantage that new company make the most of new business enterprise in empress in reorganization, is an essential condition to increases to manage the level, quickly technique reforms, develop the high and additional worth product with new product production line, as soon as quikly change to strong and large business enterprise, realizes soon steel aircraft carrier dream ; dispersion strategy, the technology market quota with deal with produce high additional worth product, completely promote business enterprise brand image, extend high carry product of the exaltation product, is a necessary means to increases business enterprise performance, realizes business enterprise target ; defense strategy, adjusting the business enterprise organizes construction, reducing the intensive type in labor and the low additional worth product line, lower bad the property saves the deal, alleviating the business enterprise burden, attaining the casual wear go to battle, benefitting to the challenge that make frontal attack the rival ; withdraw strategy, compress the production of the high depletion and high cost product, simplify the production craft, controlling the cost of the end product in the lower level, is a valid path to increases business enterprise competition ability

    本論文以攀鋼集團內部的資產重組為研究對象，從成都無縫鋼管有限責任公司與成都鋼鐵廠重組前後的內外部環境入手，運用邁克爾?波特的五力競爭模型及因素分析法，分析了重組后的企業所面臨的行業競爭態勢。從國際國內行業競爭對手情況和本行業發展動態分析了重組后企業應確立的市場地位和發展戰略目標。運用swot分析法，對重組后企業的發展戰略，從管理角度進行了定位分析，為重組后企業發展提供了可選擇的四種發展戰略：即大膽發展戰略，要求新公司充分運用重組后新企業的資源優勢，資金優勢，人力資源優勢，技術優勢，是提高管理水平，加快技術改造，開發高附加值產品和新產品生產線，盡快立於強勢企業之林，早日實現「鋼鐵航母」夢的必要條件；分散性戰略，提高產品的科技含量和生產高附加值的產品，全面提升企業品牌形象，擴大高端產品的市場份額，是提高企業效益，實現企業目標的必要手段；防禦性戰略，調整企業組織結構，削減勞動密集型和低附加值產品生產線，降低不良資產存量，減輕企業包袱，做到輕裝上陣，有利於迎擊競爭對手的挑戰；退出性戰略，壓縮高消耗、高成本產品的生產，降低低端產品的比例，精簡生產工藝，將最終產品的成本控制在較低水平，是提高企業競爭力的有效途徑。
  11. Depending on how the ground surface is denuded, the feature of the current crustal stress field and rock stress environment can be calculated analyzing the result in this paper : by analyzing the recovering feature of the elastic deformation of the rockmass in unload - stage under various pressures, it has been found there is close relationship between the recovering degree of the elastic deformation of the rockmass and the unloading degree of the pressure the direction of the major principal stress in the crustal stress field is not consistent with the direction of the crushing stress regional tectonics borne during the last tectonic movement. the evolving degree of the regional geomorphology evidently affects the current crustal stress field, which changes from the self - weight stress field to the horizontal stress field, with the changing of the eroding degree of the regional geomorphology ranging from valley area to hilly country to flat country. in valley area, where there is two stress belts, the bankslope s tress belt and the self - weight stress belt within the mountain. the direction of the major principal stress is nearly parallel to the ground surface and inclines towards the valley in the bankslope stress belt. it is nearly vertical in the self - weight stress belt

    通過本文的研究成果，根據區域性地貌的演化特徵，我們可以大致地對現今地應力場進行判斷：在分級卸荷條件下，巖體中彈性變形的恢復具有明顯的規律性，這種規律對于研究地應力場的演變是有幫助的；地應力場中最大主應力方向與區域構造形跡在最近的構造運動中所受區域性擠壓應力的方向無明顯的對應性；區域性地貌形態的演化程度對現今地應力場的特徵具明顯的影響，隨著區域性地貌侵蝕程度由峽谷區、丘陵區、平原區的變化，現今地應力場特徵由自重應力場、水平應力場為主含少量自重應力場特徵向水平應力場的規律變化；在峽谷區，山體中具有兩個應力帶：自重應力帶和卸荷應力帶，最大主應力方向在卸荷應力帶中近平行於坡面並傾向于河谷、在自重應力帶中近於直立；根據原始地面遭剝蝕的程度，可以大致地估算最大主應力和中間主應力的量值和方向；在丘陵區和平原區，最大主應力的方向近於水平，並與附近區域性侵蝕盆地和河流的展布方向基本平行，根據原始地面遭剝蝕的程度，可以大致估算其最大主應力的量值；根據區域性地貌形態的特徵來分析工程區的現今地應力場特徵，並進而大致了解巖石的應力環境，這種分析方法得出的結論與許多實際的地應力測試成果基本一致，對于大型水電工程地下廠房和壓力隧洞的設計是有所幫助的。
  12. The existent wall is painted with cement on the edge and has no cover on it. it s about 73cm tall and the inside diameter is around 94cm. the internal wall is built with red bricks in cing dynasty

    目前的古井，井緣塗刷水泥，井口欄邊呈斜面，上無加蓋，欄口至地面高約七十二公分，井口內緣直徑約九十四公分，內面井壁砌以扣磚，井水清澈可見底，安然又孤獨的立於民宅側壁旁。
  13. Adopting the actual county - grade database of land use firstly founded in china, combining with the comprehensive influential factors of land use change, using the correlative statistic software and the mathematic analytical methods ( principal component analysis, gray relating analysis, multivariate time series markov chain analysis, multivariate regression analysis, gm ( 1, 1 ) gray model, gray series gm ( 1, n ) model methods etc ), this paper analyses the dynamic change of land use and driving force in jiang ' an county qualitatively and quantitatively. the results indicate : 1 the land resource per capita and the area of single - land - use type in jiang ' an county are not prior to other places in yibing city or sichuan province. however, the terrain is dominant in choosing the way of land use

    本文採用全國首批建立的「縣級土地利用現狀數據庫」的基礎數據，結合影響土地利用變化的經濟、社會、環境等綜合因素，採用相關分析軟體（ dps 、 spss ）和數學分析方法（主成分分析、灰色關聯度分析、多元回歸分析、多元時空序列馬爾柯夫鏈分析、 gm （ 1 ， 1 ）預測模型分析、灰色序列gm （ 1 ， n ）模型分析等方法） ，對江安縣土地利用變化及其驅動力進行定性、定量研究，研究結果表明： 1江安縣人均總的土地資源數量和單一土地利用類型的數量在宜賓或四川省區域內均無優勢；地形對土地利用方式的選擇起著主導作用；土地利用變化的總趨勢是：耕地、林地、交通用地和水域面積不斷減少，居民點及工礦用地和未利用地面積不斷增加；景觀多樣性指數呈現「 」趨勢。
  14. In this passage, author has studied the quota of irrigation that can make water used economically for various plants, if the irrigation quota can be lowered from 6795 m3 / a to 4500 m3 / a during the processes of irrigation, there will be a saving water amount of 3. 386million m3 / a, in shiyang river basin. there is no doubt that we can open the second source of river water that can provide the possibility of transporting 300 million m3 / a water amount to lower reaches of the river. in this paper, there are some analysis and prospects for the future situation of supply and demand of water resources in 2010

    民勤水資源減少的主要原因是人為因素，如全流域人口增加、中上游耕地面積擴大，用水量增加，造成灌區重心上移；沒有樹立可持續發展觀，在經濟中搞短期行為；對石羊河流入民勤水量不斷減少、地表水、地下水轉化活躍、生態用水問題突出等方面進行了分析論證；對目前開發利用現狀、供需狀況進行了較為詳細的計算和評價；通過對各種農作物節水灌溉定額的研究，若從現狀灌溉定額6795m ~ 3 ha降低到4500m ~ 3 ha實施灌溉，石羊河流域將節水3 . 3867億m ~ 3 ，這無疑于開辟了第二水源，提供了向下游調水3億m ~ 3的可能性。
  15. A novel aqueous two - phase system can be formed by the mixtures of a polymer and cationicanionic surfactants. such a system can be used as a partitioning system of proteins. in this work, we investigated the formation, phase behavior and protein partitioning in aqueous two - phase systems formed by dodecyltriethylammonium bromide / sodium dodecylsulfate / peg and dodecyltriethylammonium bromide / sodium dodecylsulfate / dextran. the ligands with affinity were attached to the polymers and the affinity partitioning of proteins was investigated. it was shown that the surfactants and polymers are enriched in different phases of aqueous two - phase systems. phase separation are promoted by increasing temperature and adding inorganic salts. different proteins are partitioned in different phases. the selectivity of protein partitioning is increased by adding ligands with affinity

    報道了由正負離子表面活性劑與高聚物混合溶液形成的一種可用於蛋白質的分離及分析的新型雙水相萃取體系.研究了正負離子表面活性劑（溴化十二烷基三乙銨/十二烷基硫酸鈉）分別與葡聚糖和聚乙二醇混合雙水相體系的形成規律、相行為及牛血清蛋白和溶菌酶在雙水相體系中的分配.通過在高聚物分子中接上親和配基，研究蛋白質在雙水相體系中的親和分配.結果表明，在該體系中，表面活性劑與高聚物分別富集於不同相中.升高溫度及加入無機鹽均可促進雙水相體系的形成，不同蛋白質可分配于不同的相中.親和配基的引入極大地增強了蛋白質分配的選擇性
  16. On the paas - normalized plots, the parent granite and the granite weathering crust are enriched in lree without ce anomaly. while the groundwaters are also enriched in lree, they display significant negative ce anomaly, indicating the fractionation of ce during water - rock interaction. based on the study of two profiles of granitoid weathering crust, we concluded that ree concentrations in the groundwaters from the granitoid weathering crust are likely related to the continued chemical weathering, as well as the ree concentrations in the crust near the water table, clay concentration and the wate r ph values

    地下水與母巖、風化殼稀土的paas標準化分佈模式基本相似，呈lree富集型，母巖中無ce異常，而水樣中有ce負異常，表明ce在水巖作用過程中發生明顯的分異；通過研究兩個典型花崗巖風化殼剖面發現，地下水的稀土含量與連續的化學風化，以及水位附近剖面上的稀土含量、粘土礦物含量以及水的ph值等有關。
  17. Based on analysis of the characteristics of the composite soil nailed wall, simulating the soil nail, concrete layer, deep mixing pile and step excavation, a model is established to calculate the deformation of the wall, compiled simple and applied program of one dimension fem ; according to the field test data and the calculated data by the fem software this paper has developed, the design method and deformation of the wall in xi ' an area is discussed. the shape of destructive sliding surface of the wall in loess strata in xi ' an area with deep groundwater is gotten. finally the lateral deformation distribution and the experiential formula to predict maximal horizontal displacement of the composite soil nailed wall are given

    針對復合土釘墻構造的特點，建立了模擬復合土釘墻受力變形的一種計算模型，該計算模型可對土釘、面層、深層攪拌樁以及分層開挖等進行簡化模擬；編寫了簡單實用的桿系有限元程序；結合工程實測資料及有限元法分析的結果，探討了西安地區的土釘設計以及復合土釘墻的變形規律，得出了西安地區一般黃土在無地下水時的破壞滑動面形狀，復合土釘墻的側向變形曲線以及計算復合土釘墻最大水平位移的經驗公式。
  18. The paper through to analyse the background, meaning and necessity for implement bidding & tender of online architectural design, through to discript and compare with different mode of domestic and international of application for bidding & tender in network, to propose a unique opinion of solution system which is ndbs mode for bidding & tender of online architectural design, the mode is to submit the whole course of bidding & tender of online architectural design from planning for bid, information issue, pre - qualification, call for bid meeting, tender submit, tender evaluation and confirm the solution to sign the contract in internet. the paper through to structure a bidding platform ( bdb. cn ), to analyse the funcation procedure of bidding and tender system of online architectural design, from the sight of bid invitor, bidder and tender evaluated angle, to link them closely. the paper carry on system design to ndbs mode, input and outut, the information and keep them, safety and data stored, the paper combine with online architectural desigh wenzhou huameng building ( railway station road 1 - 2 massif ) as an example of ndbs mode finally, the result of study indicate, bidding and tender of online architectural design is not only feasible technically, the procedure of bidding and tender accord wigh the law, but also it is unanimous in traditional bidding way, this implement the scheme can improve working efficiency greatly, reduce the cost of bidding effictives, make it standard science further, to realize a pualitative leap in the building management level

    論文通過對實施網上建築設計招標投標的背景、意義及必要性進行分析，通過對國內外不同模式招標投標網路應用的綜合敘述與比較，提出了具有獨特見解的系統的網上建築設計招標投標解決方案? ? ndbs模式，該模式是對建築設計招標投標全過程從招標準備、信息發布、資格預審、招標會議、標書遞交、評標決標到合同簽訂的網上解決方案，論文從構建網上招標平臺（ bdb . cn ）開始，對建築設計招標投標系統的功能流程進行分析，從招標人、投標人和評標人的角度出發，通過對其在整個招標投標活動流程在網際網路中的無縫連接，使得通過bdb . cn招標平臺，能夠達到建築設計招標投標各參與方的一網打盡。論文還對ndbs模式進行了系統設計，對輸入輸出、安全與數據加密和招標投標資料儲存進行設計，從技術的層面對該系統提出了解決的方案。論文最後還結合溫州華盟大廈工程（車站大道1 - 2 #地塊）的網上建築設計招標投標的實例，對ndbs模式進行了實證，研究結果表明，實施網上建築設計招標投標，不僅在技術上是成熟可行的，在工作流程上是符合法律法規的，與傳統的招標投標方式也是一致的，而且能夠大大提高工作效率，有效降低招標投標成本，使得招標投標能夠更加規范、科學，實現建設管理水平的一個質的飛躍。
  19. Experimental constants include : ambient temperature 291k ~ 301k, rh 15 % ~ 21. 2 %, wind velocity 3. 2m / s at the nozzle position and horizontal to the spray fan, others are same as the fore experiment. the tendency of the two experiments results is consistent with the tendency from simulation. that indicate the improved shield spray is better than the original shield spray in reducing spray drift, and also more better than conventional spray without shield

    風洞試驗參數：噴霧藥液為含1 bsf的水溶液，風速1 . 4m s ，風向垂直於噴霧扇面，溫度281k 288k ，相對濕度rh9 20 ；室內試驗參數：噴霧藥液為含2 bsf的水溶液，噴頭處風速為3 . 2m s ，風向平行於噴霧扇面，溫度291k 301k ，相對濕度rh15 21 . 2 ；分別在噴頭下風向噴幅外的空中和地面布點收集飄失和飄移沉積的霧滴量，作為評價減少霧滴飄失效果的指標：試驗結果表明：改進后的罩蓋噴霧減少霧滴飄失的效果好於雙圓弧未開口罩蓋噴霧，常規無罩蓋噴霧的霧滴飄失量大於開口罩蓋噴霧。
  20. Referring to three kinds of plan irregularity, structures individually with four kinds of irregularity as eccentricity in one direction, eccentricities in two directions, re - entrant corner irregularity and diaphragm discontinuity have been analyzed to investigate the relationship between torsion effects and parameters of above irregular structures. the parameters and the schemes for determining the scope of structures with different kind of irregularity considering seismic action in two directions simultaneously are proposed, some conclusions have been get as following : it is indicated by the analysis results that torsion effect has no dependency relation with eccentric torsional angel adopted in code for seismic design for buildings. it is suggested that the eccentric torsional angel should not be take as the parameter of torsion effect of structures considering seismic action in two directions simultaneously ; for the structures with regular plan and elevation and with eccentricity in one direction due to irregular mass layout, the relative eccentricity can be take as the parameter of torsion effect of structures considering seismic action in two directions simultaneously ; for the structures with regular plan and elevation and with eccentricities in two directions due to irregular mass layout, the ratio of relative eccentricities in two directions and the angel of them can be take as the parameters of torsion effect of structures considering seismic action in two directions simultaneously ; it is indicated by the analysis results that the torsion effect has no dependency relation with re - entrant corner ratio adopted in code for seismic design for buildings as

    所取得的主要結論有：結構的扭轉效應與《抗震規范》所採用的扭轉不規則指標即偏心扭轉角之間的相關性較差，偏心扭轉角不宜作為判斷結構是否計及扭轉效應及需考慮雙向水平地震作用的界定指標；對于樓層間均勻偏心的多層單向偏心結構，建議採用相對偏心距作為需考慮雙向水平地震作用的界定指標，並給出針對不同平面尺寸的界限相對偏心距；對于樓層間均勻偏心的多層雙向偏心結構，建議採用兩個主軸方向的相對偏心距及其夾角作為界定指標，結合單向偏心結構的界定方案進行需考慮雙向水平地震作用的結構范圍界定；凸凹不規則結構的扭轉效應與凸凹比例無正相關關系， 《抗震規范》要求所有平面布置不對稱的凸凹不規則結構計及扭轉效應的規定欠妥當，建議凸凹不規則界限值從30改為15 ，只要求分析採用空間模型比較合適； 《抗震規范》關于有效樓板寬度較小的結構需計及扭轉效應的規定很有必要，樓板局部不連續的結構需採用符合樓板實際剛度的計算模型予以分析，可使用相對偏心距（及其夾角）參照單向（和雙向）偏心結構的界定方案，界定樓板局部不連續結構是否需要計入雙向水平地震作用下的扭轉效應。
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