無形約束 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [wúxíngyāoshù]
無形約束 英文
pacta
  • 無 : 無Ⅰ動詞（沒有） not have; there is not; be without Ⅱ名詞1 （沒有） nothing; nil 2 （姓氏） a surn...
  • 約 : 約動詞[口語] （用秤稱） weigh
  • 束 : Ⅰ動詞1 （捆; 系） bind; tie 2 （控制; 約束）control; restrain Ⅱ量詞（用於捆在一起的東西） bundle;...
  • 無形 : invisible; intangible; imperceptibly; virtually
  • 約束 : keep within bounds; restrain; bind; bound; boundage;tie; restraint; restriction; engagement; repr...
  1. Our country is still in the transition period from planned economy to the of socialist market economy, the intangible assets of enterprises are not only the important resource of structural readjustment to the economy and enterprise reform, but also accept the double influence of the government and market for the progress of commoditization and the capitalization the transition economy entrusts

    我國目前尚處于從傳統計劃經濟向社會主義市場經濟過渡時期，企業無形資產因特殊的時空約束和逐漸改革的制度安排，不僅成為經濟結構調整和企業改革賴以順利進行的重要資源，而且因其轉型經濟賦予的商品化和資本化過程還同時接受政府和市場的雙重影響。
  2. The connection between the torque and the polarized charges is established. on the base of mathematical model of torsional effect, using multivariate unrestrained nonlinear optimization method, we research cutting angles and parameters of crosssection to get best torsional sensitivity

    在建立石英晶體扭轉效應模型的基礎上，應用多變量、無約束非線性優化方法對于晶體切型、截面形狀等參數進行了優化，以獲得最佳扭轉靈敏度。
  3. The theory hypothesis of " pore restriction " is first proposed in this paper. during polymerization, one end of linear molecule inserts the channels of zeolite to form hard end through chemical bond or supermolecule acting force, the other end forms soft end through condensing or polymerizing with other monomer molecule. on the basis of the theory hypothesis, a kind of novel pattern of organic - inorganic composite materials - pu / zeolite composite materials - has been designed

    本文首次提出了「孔約束」的理論假說，即在高分子材料聚合過程中，線型分子的一端通過化學鍵或超分子作用力插入分子篩的孔道中形成硬端，而另一端則與其它單體分子縮合或聚合形成高分子材料的軟端；在此假說的基礎上，設計了一類孔約束型有機?無機復合高分子材料的新模式，即聚氨酯/沸石分子篩復合材料。
  4. Zhou jiannong teachs the introduction, " cancer disposition " have 10 kinds of show : all alone and independent, body and shadow comforting each other - extremely lonely, wont ego is depressive ; lack self - confident heart, feel hopeless to everything, helpless ; hit via living, anguish cannot be cast off when losing a dear one ; fear to expose feeling, tendency defence and shrink back ; do not believe others, be afraid of accept others obligation, have insecurity ; be afraid of be abandoned, fear not to have a support ; long - term vitality is nervous ; airframe is long - term excess load ground runs ; faineant ; the mood is low, pessimism is disappointed

    周建農教授介紹， 「癌癥性格」有十種表現：煢煢獨立，形影相弔，慣于自我壓抑；缺乏自信心，對任何事情都感覺沒希望，無能為力；經不住打擊，在失去親人時無法擺脫痛苦；害怕暴露感情，傾向防禦和退縮；不相信別人，怕受別人約束，有不安全感；怕被拋棄，害怕無所依靠；長期精神緊張；機體長期超負荷地運轉；無所事事；情緒低落，悲觀失望。
  5. I take the software as an immaterial asset having public attributes. non - market ways must be used to rectify these public attributes in order to develop software industry, but the effect of rectification is impacted by the transaction costs

    論文認為軟體商品是具有公共性的無形商品，因而軟體市場及軟體產業的發展必須依賴非市場因素從外部矯正其「公共性」 ，但是外部矯正的效果受交易成本的約束。
  6. The teacher must assure that the relative distance to mike is less than 0. 5 meter, so the movable scope of teacher is strictly restricted. the disadvantage of wireless mike is : the mike breaks easily and battery costs largely. the cost is high and it is difficul to manage the equipment

    授課教師必須保證與話筒間的相對距離不超過0 . 5m ，教師授課時的活動范圍受到了嚴格的約束。使用無線話筒的弱點是：話筒易損壞，電池耗電量大，使用成本高，設備管理麻煩，大量使用時存在串頻干擾，同時影響教師的外觀形象。
  7. This paper expounds the written form of b / l, the conditions for the arbitration clause of the charter party to be incorporated into the bills of lading under charter party, the binding force of the b / l arbitration clause thus incorporated for the third party b / l holders. it also probes into ways to determine the legal effects of the b / l arbitration clauses under certain special circumstances. based on the discussions, some legislative suggestions are put forward in the hope that they will be of some help for the maritime judicature and arbitral practice in china

    本文比較詳細地論述了班輪提單中的仲裁條款以及併入租船合同下簽發的提單中的仲裁條款的書面形式、提單併入條款的有效條件、對第三人的約束力，以及在倒簽、預借提單、偽造提單和無正本提單放貨等幾種特殊情況下提單仲裁條款的效力問題，對提單仲裁條款的法律適用問題進行了有益的探討，並在此基礎上提出了修改我國《仲裁法》的幾點立法建議，以期對我國海事司法及仲裁實踐起到一定的借鑒參考作用。
  8. With regard to the part of the fostering of the intangible factor in the regional economic development, this thesis starts from the tangible factors restrictions upon the regional economic development, from the different functions of stock and increment in the intangible factors upon both the urban economy and the rural economy, stresses on the analysis of the allocation of all the important factors, the circulation economy, and the minimization of the distinction of the city and the country

    在「區域經濟發展中無形要素的培育」部分，論文從區域經濟發展中受有形要素的各種約束開始，從無形要素的存量和增量在城鄉經濟發展中的不同作用角度，著重就全要素配置和循環經濟和縮小城鄉差別進行了分析，認為區域經濟發展離不開無形要素的增長，應當分別從存量和增量兩方面培育區域的無形要素。知識經濟的發育始於無形要素發達的區域。
  9. With the development and application of information communication technology, the environment of enterprise changed rapidly : the limitation of time and space on company is breaking through, which is making market competition globalization ; the traditional operational manner of companies is changing from physical market to virtual market, and the will be in the leading situation

    隨著現代信息通信技術的發展進步，企業的生存環境發生了劇烈的變化：傳統的時空因素對企業的約束被打破，使得市場競爭全球化；企業的生存環境從有形市場轉向無形市場，並且無形市場處于主導地位。
  10. " no norms, no difference between cycle and square ". based on the needs of city guidance, by formulating laws, polices, and regulations and rules, and actively guiding the formation of norms, ethics, customs and every kinds of invisible restrictions, the city norm is a fundamental management function to restrict and predict the activities and behaviors of city government, social communities, city residents and entrepreneurs

    「無以規矩，不成方圓」 ，城市規范就是根據城市導引的需要，通過制定法規、政策、行政條例和規章制度等成文法的有形文案，以及主動引導民間自發形成的風俗、道德、習慣等無形約束，對城市政府、社會團體、企事業單位和城市居民的社會活動及行為進行邊界約定與預警的一項基礎性管理職能。
  11. According to the geometrical characteristics of the surface on the deformed bars, considering the interfacial properties of the corrosion reinforcement and concrete, such as the microscopic mechanics model of corroded reinforcement ribs, the deterioration of ribs on the bearing surface of the deformed bars after corrosion and the effect of corrosion products of corrosion reinforced bar on the bond strength, and analyzing the distribution and interaction of the forces on the surface of the corrosion reinforcement and concrete, the calculation expressions of the bond strength between corroded deformed bars and concrete with and without transverse steel are established

    從變形鋼筋的表面幾何特徵出發，考慮了鋼筋銹蝕后鋼筋與混凝土接觸面的特徵，例如鋼筋橫肋在銹蝕狀態下的細觀力學模型，鋼筋銹蝕后鋼筋橫肋高度的變化和銹蝕產物的生成對粘結力的影響。通過分析接觸面上各種力的分佈形式及相互關系，建立了有橫向鋼筋和無橫向鋼筋約束作用下，鋼筋與混凝土之間粘結力的計算表達式，且與相關文獻的結果進行了比較。
  12. A bearing surface transmits the interaction between an arch dam and its foundation, the strength of which directly affects the constraint of the bedrock to the dam, and thus affects the stress and deformation of the dam. the influence is studied in this paper with nonlinear finite element method, as an example, for a high arch dam in design. the results show that the influence on stress is only limited within the local area near the bearing surface, larger on the maximum principal tensile stress than on the principal compression stress, and the decrease of the strength does not cause unlimited increase of the maximum stress. the influence on the displacement of the top of the dam is smaller than that of the bottom of the dam, especially the relative downstream displacement. at the lower strength of the bearing surface, the relative downstream displacement at the bottom of the dam increases with the decrease of the strength

    建基面是傳遞拱壩和基巖相互作用的紐帶，它的強度直接影響基巖對壩體的約束，從而影響壩體的應力和變形.採用非線性有限單元法，以設計中的某高拱壩為例，分析建基面強度對壩體應力和變形的影響.結果表明建基面強度對壩體應力的影響僅限於建基面附近的局部范圍，對最大主拉應力的影響要大於對最大主壓應力的影響，建基面強度的降低不會無限地增大壩體的應力數值；建基面強度對壩頂位移的影響較小，但對壩底位移（尤其是順河向相對位移）的影響較大，當建基面強度較低時，壩底順河向相對位移隨建基面強度的降低而增大
  13. The tdp system is based on the objectarx technique, autocad database and the vc + + development language. the characteristics of the configuration class is described based on the object - oriented technology and series of modules and algorithm of detecting interference are designed. in the end, the packing result without constraints of the arbitrary geometry component is realized

    本文基於objectarx技術，以autocad數據庫為操作背景，用vc + +作為開發語言，根據模擬退火法構建了多目標函數，通過面向對象技術對布局類進行了特徵描述，設計了一系列的操作模塊和干涉檢驗的演算法，完成了對無約束的任意形狀三維實體的布局。
  14. In chapter no. 2, the author analyzes the plan economy system. since there was no professional entrepreneur and no effective invigorative and restrictive system for managers in our country, the enterprise managers had no respect or achievement and made no effort due to no " self ", enterprise short term behavior and " 59 - year old " phenomena appeared in large scale, state owned capital was lost in either perceptible or imperceptible ways

    第二章分析在計劃經濟體制下，由於我國沒有形成職業企業家隊伍，沒有建立有效的經營者的激勵和約束機制，導致的最主要的問題是企業經營者無「私」無畏、無「私」無為和無私不為等現象，致使企業短期行為以及「 59歲」現象大量出現，造成國有資產有形無形地流失。
  15. There have been many study about the unconstrained equivalent formulation. many algorithms and theories have been constituted about this kind of formulation. but to the constrained equivalent formulation, there is no corresponding algorithm

    無約束極小化變形的研究比較多，已經有了很多種演算法，理論上也相對完備，但對于約束極小化變形，據作者所知，至今還沒見過這方面的演算法。
  16. To circumvent the non - differentiable difficulty caused by the positive homogeneously function that is involved in an equivalent unconstrained formulation for general inequality constrained optimization problems, we turn to the classical lagrangian function and redefine m ( x ) by a conic optimization problem with the lagrangian as the objective function

    為了克服不可微正齊次函數（ ? | r _ - ~ m ）給約束優化問題的等價無約束形式求解帶來的困難，我們將其目標函數m （ x ）重新用一個以經典拉格朗日函數為目標的錐優化問題來表示。
  17. At the same time, the content and the value of external control system is closely related with the corporate internal governance. although the external control governance cannot completely excel the failure of internal governance, it can improve the internal governance and do some pre - fix for the inefficiency of internal governance

    同時，外部約束機制特定內容的形成和基本價值取向，在一定程度上與公司內部治理制度的特殊性密切相關，外部約束機制雖然不能從根本上消除公司內部治理的失敗，但是它可能對某些內部治理的無效性進行事前的強制性修正。
  18. With merit function, the origin problem can be conformed to unconstrained or constrained minimization problems

    利用merit函數的極小化變形可分為無約束和約束兩種類型。
  19. After 1989, the increase of demand slowed down and facing the complexion of low degree of industrial concentration of product market and financial strain of medi um and small - sized enterprises caused by the circulating trap of " credit squeeze - - - bad loan ", the advantageous enterprises " " wallow in money ", specifically, those listed companies that could finance from the stock market, began to take predatory pricing strategy in succession and tried to enlarge market share and obtain high return by squeezing medium and small - sized enterprises out of the market after 1998, the vicious circle of deflation and " credit grudging " of banks in product and credit markets, overcapacity, the difficulty of retreating of loss - incurring enterprises in some industries from the market for institutional reasons and over - competition in some industries, led to the incessant decrease of enterprises " global income, persistent increase of rate of debts and constant rise of ratio of bad assets of banks, which further intensified the vicious circle of deflation and " credit grudging " of banks

    如在改革開放初期，在產品市場需求旺盛和信貸市場預算軟約束的情況下，各類企業的最優決策就是採用高負債、高擴張的「負債的有限責任效應」策略來搶占市場並獲得高回報； 1989年以後，需求增速開始放緩，面臨產品市場產業集中度較低和信貸市場「信貸緊縮-不良貸款」循環陷阱導致的中小企業資金緊張的局面， 「錢袋鼓鼓」的優勢企業（尤其是那些可以通過股票市場融通資金的上市公司）紛紛採用掠奪性定價策略，試圖通過把中小企業擠出市場來擴大市場份額並獲得高收益； 1998年以後，產品市場和信貸市場形成了通貨緊縮和銀行「惜貸」惡性循環的狀況。產品市場上部分行業生產能力嚴重過剩，且由於體制等原因導致虧損企業無法退出，因此這些行業中出現了過度競爭的現象，企業總體收益的不斷下滑、負債率不斷提高以及銀行不良資產率的持續上升，又進一步加強了通貨緊縮和銀行「惜貸」的惡性循環。
  20. In order to assure that the stress and strain state of structure is secure, the author analyses respectively the objective functions of the reasonable finished state and buckle - cable adjusted phase ; thus, the optimized model based on fga is framed. finally according to the example, the computation datum are compared with the iterative forward analysis method and the optimal control theory. the result shows that this method can be used conveniently and meet the construction and design precision

    為了滿足大跨度鋼管混凝土拱橋施工的安全性與成橋預期的內力狀態和拱肋線形，本文結合工程實例，分別對合理成橋狀態和扣索索長調整的目標函數的確定進行了分析，將一組多變量、多約束的最小化問題無約束化，從而建立起適合於該問題的遺傳演算法優化模型，將其計算結果分別與迭代前進法和隨機最優控制理論進行了比較；結果表明，採用該方法編制的基於結構計算的遺傳優化程序操作靈活，能很好的滿足施工和設計要求。
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