無體物權 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [wútǐwùquán]
無體物權
英文
property in action-
The object pattern of this reconstruction is to substitute the formal one thing one right principle and the plane structure of real rights theory with the virtue principle and the solid structure, to separate the abstract real rights that indicate the attribution of the thing from the material real rights that indicate the content of the disposal, to acknowledge the phenomena of value split, intention split and effectiveness split, to abstract the general rules applied to the dominative power of property, to unify the domination of corporeal and incorporeal into the system of real rights
物權理論結構必須重塑。重塑的目標模式是用實質的一物一權主義替代形式的一物一權主義，用立體的物權理論結構代替平面的物權理論結構。將表示物的歸屬的抽象所有權與表示支配內容的具體所有權分離，承認物權的價值分裂、目的分裂、效力分裂的現象，提煉出適用於財產支配權的一般規則，將有體物和無體物的支配統一到物權制度之中。Centring on the reality of law, the article compares and researches the ancient civil law and the modem civil law of china from the existence of ancient civil law, the classification of object of reality, emphyteusis, lost object system, etc
摘要本文以物權法為中心，從古代民法的有無、物權客體的分類、永佃權以及遺失物制度幾個方面與現代民法進行了比較研究。This article contains three parts, namely, preface, body and conclusion. the preface mainly introduces the discussing subject and writing purposes of this article. body is divided into four parts : from the beginning of actio in rem and actio in personam in roman law, the first part detailedly inspects and analyses the formation process of the dual rights system in historical research methods ; the second part discusses the theoretical framework of the dual rights structure from the aspect of system ; the third part mainly analyses the middle rights and the integration of real rights and creditor ’ s rights and the reasons for the emergence of these phenomena, pointing out that the emergence of these phenomena is unevitable in civil law system which ajusts social relationship with systematic code, and how
正文分為四個部分:第一部分採用歷史研究的方法，從羅馬法上的對人之訴和對物之訴出發，對物債二分體系的形成過程進行了細致的考察和分析;第二部分從體系化的角度討論了物債二分體系的理論構成，對其理論架構進行了總體上的研究;第三部分著重分析了物權與債權的融合和中間狀態及其出現這些現象的原因，指出在運用體系化的方法調整社會關系的過程中，出現物權和債權中間狀態的權利形態是不可避免的現象，並對如何正確看待這些問題進行了論證;第四部分在前文論述的基礎上，對我國一些學者提出的制定財產法和設立財產法總則的觀點的可行性進行了分析，指出無論是從我國大陸法系的傳統還是從技術層面來看，制定財產法或設立財產法總則都是不可行的。Stamp duty under head 1 or head 2 shall not be chargeable on any conveyance of immovable property or any transfer of hong kong stock operating as a voluntary disposition inter vivos where the beneficial interest therein passes by way of gift from the person entitled to that interest, or from the registered owner, to or on trust for a charitable institution or trust of a public character
屬于饋贈的不動產轉易或香港股票的轉讓，如果是由享有實益權益的人士或登記物主捐贈與屬公共性質的慈善機構或信託團體，或以信託方式付與屬公共性質的慈善機構或信託團體者，則無須繳付按第1 1或第2 3類所徵收的印花稅。Stamp duty ordinance stamp duty under head 1 ( 1 ) or head 2 ( 3 ) shall not be chargeable on any conveyance of immovable property or any transfer of hong kong stock operating as a voluntary disposition inter vivos where the beneficial interest therein passes by way of gift from the person entitled to that interest, or from the registered owner, to or on trust for a charitable institution or trust of a public character
屬于饋贈的不動產轉易或香港股票的轉讓，如果是由享有實益權益的人士或登記物主捐贈與屬公共性質的慈善機構或信託團體，或以信託方式付與屬公共性質的慈善機構或信託團體者，則無須繳付按第1 （ 1 ）或第2 （ 3 ）類所徵收的印花稅。In our future real right law, there should be some limitations to the open objects, hut nor the open contents in the property register of immovables ; lawsuit time limit should not he applied to return protoplast right of applicant ; we had better constitute positive prescription system ; powerless punish should not affect the force of contracts when the endorser has no right, but the transferee is well - meaning ; there should be proper toleration to the unanimous consent principle on punishing mutual thing ; we should prohibit mortgaging to some movable property which has no way to open ; there should not be the time limitation when mortgager realizes the hypothec after the fulfilling tern ; of primary creditor ' s rights is over, except that mortgager is not the debtor ; when the debtor do not refund the debt, the mortgager cannot get the guaranty directly, but he may put in for the court to auction guaranty
摘要我國未來物權法，對于不動產登記簿的開放對象應當有所限制，但對于開放內容不應有所限制；物權人的返還原物請求權不應當適用訴訟時效；應當建立取得時效制度，並應區分一般動產、準不動產、未登記不動產而規定不同的成立條件；在動產的轉讓人為無權處分而受讓人為善意的情況下，轉讓人與受讓人之間的合同是否有效不應當以「無權處分」為條件，只有在轉讓合同無效的情形下，受讓人取得標的物的所有權才是依善意取得制度的取得，此時的取得是原始取得；在共同共有的情形下，原則上處分共有物應當經共有人全體一致同意，但應容有若干例外；不應當規定居住權；動產抵押的公示方式問題無法徹底解決，如果規定動產抵押，應當實行登記要件主義，適于烙印、打刻或貼標簽的動產，應當採取烙印、打刻或貼標簽的方式，其他無法解決公示方式的動產應當禁止抵押；主債權履行期屆滿后，抵押權人行使抵押權，原則上不應當有一個時間限制，但抵押人非為債務人時可容有例外；在債務人不償債時，抵押權人不能直接讓抵押人交出抵押物，實現抵押權，但可以持抵押權登記簿副本直接申請法院拍賣抵押物。The primary causes of the regime shortage are the state monopoly and the state control over the education. the primary cause of the structure shortage is that the budgetary appropriations are not in favor of the compulsory education and the underdeveloped district. then this article puts forward some suggestion to alleviant these kinds of educational shortage : to raise the repay of human capital ; to initiate a system of public financial regulation ; to increase the government appropriation for education ; to relax the state control over education ; to improve the form of the financial transference expenditure, and so on
總量性短缺的成因主要是我國人口多、經濟發展水平低，教育投資資本邊際效率遞減趨勢、教育投資預期收益相對偏低等；財政性短缺的主要成因是在國家加快推進工業化特別是優先發展重工業的戰略下，政府財政支出的重點必然傾向物質生產部門，而近二十年的財政制度創新都因利益格局的剛性只能作有限突破等；體制性短缺的成因主要是政府壟斷阻礙各類要素往教育領域的流入等；結構性短缺的成因主要是分級分權撥款體制無法保證教育投資的公平等。The pledge right of intellectual property is one kind of pledge rights, it thus has the characteristics of property right, mortgage, subordinacy, and priority of payment, which are held by normal pledge right. because the subject - matter of intellectual property is a kind of chose in action, it therefore has some features different from other rights and duties in its object, way of establishing, and way of realization
知識產權質權是權利質權的一種，因而具有物權性、擔保性、從屬性、優先受償性等一般質權的特徵，但由於知識產權標的物為一種無體財產權，因而其在客體、設定方式、實現方式上有著不同於其他權利質權的特徵。Based on plenty of domestic and overseas documentation and accurate data about social security, this thesis utilizes a number of research methods, such as analysis, induction, assumption, comparison and historical materialism, etc. in expounding the significance and methods of building up the legal system of china ’ s rural social security in an all - round way from the following four aspects of expatiating on the fundamental issues of social security and the evolution track of china ’ s rural social security, exploring the social and historical rootstock resulting in the long - term predicament encountered by china ’ s rural social security, analyzing the so - called social security function of rural land, demonstrating the significance and routes of building the legal system of china ’ s minimum living security and social endowment insurance for rural residents, so as to reveal that the social and historical rootstock resulting in the long - term predicament encountered by china ’ s rural social security lies in the long - term social structure system of compartmentation between urban and rural areas, which is typically characterized by attaching more importance to industry than to agriculture, drawing profits from agriculture to accelerate industry ’ s development, by studying historically the predicament encountered by china ’ s rural social security, to disclose the serious reality that currently most of farmers lack social security and indicate the great significance of building up the legal system of china ’ s rural social security by refuting the argument that rural land can provide social security function, to clarify the necessity and feasibility of constructing the legal
本文運用了分析、歸納、假設、比較和歷史唯物主義等研究方法，藉助國內外有關社會保障方面的大量研究資料和翔實數據，從闡述社會保障的基本問題與我國農村社會保障制度的歷史演變軌跡、探詢長期造成我國農村社會保障制度困境的社會歷史根源、分析農村土地的社會保障功能以及論證構建農村居民最低生活保障法律制度與農村社會養老保險法律制度的意義和路徑四個方面全面論述了構建中國農村社會保障法律體系的意義和方法，目的是通過對我國農村社會保障困境的歷史性考察揭示造成我國農村社會保障長期積弱局面的社會歷史根源就在於我國長期實行的重工輕農、以農養工的城鄉分割二元社會結構體制，通過對農地社會保障功能觀點的批駁揭示當前廣大農民缺乏社會保障的嚴峻現實，指出構建農村社會保障法律制度的重大意義，通過對構建中國農村居民最低生活保障法律制度和農村社會養老保險法律制度的積極探索論證構建我國農村社會保障法律體系的必要性和可行性。總之，同是作為中華人民共和國公民，無論是農村居民還是城市居民都應該在社會保障方面享有同等的權利。國家不能人為地重工輕農、厚此薄彼。Though both real right and incorporeal property right belong to property right of control, they are different from each other in nature, which make them need different conditions and cause different effect on the obligee when they are acquired by the obligor due to acquisitive prescription
取得時效效力應限於取得支配型的財產權。物權和無形財產權雖同屬于支配型財產權，但各有自己的特點，這使得物權取得時效與無形財產權取得時效在構成要件和效力上有所區別，從而使二者成為取得時效的兩種具體類型。Since it has characteristics such as intangibility, prescription and regional definition, which real right and other civil rights do n ' t have, the possibilities and actual chances of invasions of copyrighter ' s exclusive utility are much more frequent and universal than that of the latter
由於其客體無形、具有地域性、受法定時間限制之類物權等民事權利不具有的特點，權利人的專有權范圍被他人無意及無過失闖入的可能性與實際機會，比物權等權利多得多、普遍得多。In the author ’ s point of view, the concerning issue involves perception of the legal attributes of intellectual property, thus a perspective of comparison between property and intellectual property would be a significant way to perceive the issue ; then the thesis compares the property and intellectual property in details in aspects of legal objects, definition, attributes, content and the remedies with a conclusion that the intellectual property has no essential difference with the property law, while general principles of the property law could act as a direct guide to intellectual property, and this is a rational foundation for intellectual property being stipulated in the chinese civil code ; lastly the thesis expounds the rationalism of intellectual property being stipulated in the chinese civil code and the general mode
對此，筆者認為，知識產權在民法典中立法地位問題，涉及對知識產權的法律屬性和特點的認識，因此，從知識產權和物權的比較角度來認識知識產權，無疑會是研究確立知識產權在民法典中立法地位的一個很好的視角。接著將知識產權和物權就權利客體、二者的概念，權利性質，權利內容，權利救濟這幾個方面加以比較探討。在此筆者得出認識:作為規范無形財產之支配、利用關系的法律，知識產權法與規范有形財產歸屬關系的物權法並無本質區別，物權法的基本原則，對于知識產權應當具有直接的指導作用，這使將知識產權納入民法典具有合理基礎。Based on the previous parts, the thesis comes to a conclusion : the intellectual products and the substance are similar in essence with no contradiction, a system of intellectual property rules should be established with the reference of property law system, as a parallel to the property law and the credit law, in the chinese civil code, so as to strengthen the protection of intellectual property in the knowledge economics age
在前四章論證的基礎上，筆者在結論部分提出:知識產品與物在本質上是相同的，知識產權從屬性上講與物權並無坻牾之處。因此應當將知識產權規范完全納入民法典:即以知識產品為中心，參照物權體系構造一個知識產權體系，使其和物權，債權形成三分天下之勢，且納入到民法的財產權之下，以凸顯知識經濟時代特徵，加強對知識產權的保護。Writer ' s view of point is that delivery of cargo without original bills of lading has the character of breaching of the contract, because releasing cargo against original bills of lading is carrier ' s legal liability in carrying out the carriage of goods by sea. also it has the character of action in tort, as if the actions violate the civil law of liability in tort, the doer shall take on the liability of compensation. however when actions are both of breach and in tort, the chinese law gives the victim the rights to choose to sue in tort or of breach, but some limitations in applying substantive law
第二章論述無單放貨的法律性質，筆者認為，無單放貨具有違約性，因為保證憑正本提單交付貨物是承運人在履行海上貨物運輸合同中的一項法定義務；無單放貨具有侵權性，只要無單放貨行為構成承擔侵權行為民事責任的要件，無單放貨行為人就必須承擔賠償責任；同時，無單放貨的違約性和侵權性可能構成責任競合時，我國法律允許受害人可以選擇一個訴因行使其請求權，但對實體法請求權的選擇，法律作出了一定范圍的限制；最後，無單放貨在某種程度上促進了航運業的發展，我們不能一概加以否定，無單放貨在特定情況下具有一定的合理性。The third part through the discussion that the law making background of the no - rights - to - discipline set by the law of contract, putting up the idea that we should choose the theory of victims of property rights to ideal law making mode, the fourth pan tells thai we irnportan : pans for ccnstructing the no - righs - to - discipline, men tells that difference that choose some lawful ways for analying the relationship for the different victims. especially for differences in protecting the both sides of business. better for assuring the safety of trade
第五部分論述了在非物權行為模式下及物權行為模式下無權處分行為法律關系主體的角色定位並採取比較法的方法探析了在兩種不同模式下各方當事人的不同關系，尤其對交易相對人保護上的差別，從而得出在無權處分人與第三人關系中採取物權行為模式，較非物權行為模式有利於維護交易安全。Litigant forms of embezzlement should give priority to private prosecutions, then public prosecution. if there ' s no specific victim of embezzlement, the lawsuit is conducted by the people ' s court to protect the public and private property to a great extent
該罪的訴訟形式是自訴為主，公訴為輔，當侵佔的對象為無主物或所有權歸屬不明之物時，沒有具體的受害人，由人民檢察院行使告訴權，能更好地保護公私財產所有權。For example, the object of embezzlement is the ownership of public and private properties, which include chattel s, immovable, tangible items, intangible items, legal items and illegal items, etc. the subject of embezzlement is the general subject of crime
如侵占罪的客體是公私財產所有權，侵占罪的對象有動產、不動產、有形物、無形物、合法物、違法物等，侵占罪的主體是一般主體。There is an old law proverb saying that guarantee of person is no better than that of sachen ( plus cautionis in re est quam in persona ). so the real guarantee becomes the most reliable financing means among guarantee system based on its strong stability, among which the rechtspfandrecht is preferred by most nations due to its incorporeal subjects and flexible liquidating functions
古有法諺雲：人之擔保不如物之擔保，故而物權擔保以其強有力的穩定性能成為擔保制度中最值得信賴的基本融資手段，其中的權利質權又以其獨特的無體標的和靈活的清償功用而在擔保物權中倍受各國重視。Along with academic accumulation and the influence of kantian philosophy, especially with the study of savigny, transfer was interprets to juristic act of real right ; at the same time the juristic act of jus in persona was interprets to motive. through those explanations the principle of abstraction was systematized and rationalized. but the author thinks that abstraction only is logical
德國法繼承了羅馬法上的這種發展趨勢，在長期的學術積累和康德哲學的影響下，特別是經過薩維尼的努力，給付被解釋成為一個物權契約，並通過將債的關系解釋為給付目的的目的? ?動機，實現了物權行為無因性的體系化和邏輯上的合理性說明。As for the protection of the interests of the third party in the changing of jus ad rem, there are three examples of legislation, that is, the system of acquisition with good of acquisition with good faith, abstrakte. natur and the principle of publicity and absolute effect
因此，必須保護物權變動中第三人的利益。就物權變動中第三人的保護問題，主要有三種立法體例：善意取得制度、物權行為無因性理論、公示公信原則。分享友人