熱核過程 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [rèhéguòchéng]
熱核過程
英文
thermonuclear process-
In this thesis, the development of emulsion polymerization theory and related new technologies are comprehensively reviewed, and the synthetic technologies of acrylate latex modified by organosilicon both at home and abroad are also reviewed. based on the current development and research in this field, attentions of this study are focused on three ways for preparing novel acrylate latexes modified by organosilicons, that is, 1 ) the acrylate monomers are copolymerized with unsaturated silicons by emulsion copolymerization ; 2 ) a new latex with microphase separation morphology is synthesized, which shows a core - shell structure character ; 3 ) soap - free polymerization is explored for preparing a higher - performance latex using an unsaturated silicon monomer, different acrylates and a reactive emulsifier. by using techniques of delaying addition of organosilicon monomer and a hydrolysis inhibitor, the hydrolysis and condensation of 3 - ( trimethoxysilyl ) propyl methacrylate during polymerization can be effectively prevented, as a result, organosilicon content in the macromolecular chain is increased
同時採用有機硅單體延遲滴加及添加水解抑制劑等技術，有效防止了-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷在乳液聚合過程中的過渡水解及縮合反應，提高了聚合物大分子鏈中有機硅鏈節的含量；利用紅外光譜與差示掃描量熱儀對產物分子結構進行了表徵，並通過對共聚產物力學和吸水率的測試，證實了本研究所制備的有機硅改性丙烯酸酯共聚物具有比純丙烯酸酯聚合物更優良的力學及耐水性能；從分子設計角度出發，利用醇解反應合成出水解、縮合反應速率較慢的兩種新型不飽和有機硅單體： ?甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三乙氧基硅烷和?甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三異丙氧基硅烷；利用核磁共振對新型硅烷單體結構進行了證實；研究表明利用新型硅烷單體可以制備出高硅烷含量的有機硅改性丙烯酸酯乳液，且其聚合產物具有較高的力學及耐水性能。Abstract : large time delay exists in complicated practical processes. for example, in fccu ( fluidized catalytic cracker unit ) reactor - regenerator, the feed is preheated through heat exchanging from fractional column slurry, thus results in large time delay. a predictive control system is designed for such processes, where the kernal algorithm is dynamic matrix control. application results show that the control behavior is improved than original pid control
文摘:實際的復雜工業過程，往往具有大的時滯，例如：煉油廠催化裂化裝置的反應再生系統，其原料油預熱通過油漿換熱實現，因此時滯特別大.本文針對這一類大的時滯過程，設計了以動態矩陣控制為核心演算法的預測控制系統，運行實踐表明：這一控制方案比原pid控制在控制質量上有較大提高By observing the energy band of hard x - ray, people not only can expand a series of studies to celestial bodies or phenomena of nova and supernova ' s breaking out, nucleus ' s compose, but also many interactional process of thermal braking radiation, synchronal radiation
硬x射能區的天文觀測一方面可以研究一系列的天體目標或超新星和新星的爆發、核合成等現象，另一方面也可以研究一系列的相互作用的過程：熱韌致輻射、同步輻射等。This has an important meaning to the industrial manufacture. dsc, waxd and polarizing microscope with hot stage experiments were performed to describe what led the ssp rate acceleration of pet / mmt. it was shown that montmorillonite acted as a very good nucleating agent in pet crystallization process, which results in the lower crystallinity, more small microlites, and more surfaces of microlites
為研究pet mmt固相縮聚效率提高的原因，通過熱臺偏光顯微鏡、 dsc 、 x -射線衍射等手段對樣品的結晶進行觀察與分析研究，結果表明蒙脫土對pet的結晶有明顯的成核作用，使其晶核生成速率迅速提高，晶核數量明顯增多，從而使整個結晶過程的時間變短，同時形成了更多結構不完善的微晶體。With the thermodynamic theories and techniques, it is relatively easy to determine the phase equilibrium data with enough accuracy, however there still exist much more difficulties in crystallization kinetics study even for a simple binary system. that is the reason that nucleation and crystal growth rate are generally represented in form of the empirical expressions. the crystallization kinetic is important for crystallizer design, process control and optimization, and it is strongly depended upon the accurate characterization of process information concerning with multiphase flows and the further disclose of its mechanisms with suitable mathematical models
熱力學理論和方法已足以獲得準確的相平衡關系；然而即使對于簡單的二元物系的結晶過程，晶核形成和晶體生長動力學的研究仍面臨許多困難，通常採用經驗模型表述，而動力學參數的準確性和可靠性是結晶器放大設計、過程式控制制與優化的關鍵，因此多相流信息的準確表徵、結晶機理的進一步揭示及建立起與之相適應的數學模型有著十分重要的學術研究和實際應用價值。The software of the chief station is composed of monitoring module and communicating module. the monitoring module involves the use of pc - labcards, the method of a precise timer, the principle of pid autocontrol and how to use it in the project, the realization of all kinds of reports with the ole automation skill, while the communicating module discusses the way of communication between the chief station and the scheduler based on the c / s structure. both monitoring module and communicating module are established on the database, so this paper particularly describes the access methods to ms sql server and the advantage of database stored procedure
論文先概要介紹了熱網微機監控系統的需求分析和總體設計，然後在此基礎上詳細地闡述了首站軟體實時監控模塊和通信模塊的實現細節，描述了工業採集卡的用法；提出了一種基於內核timer對象的精確定時方法；介紹了pid自動控制原理及其改進演算法和現場控制參數的整定方法；用ole自動化技術擴充了visualbasic6 . 0的報表功能；在c / s用模型的基礎上實現了首站和調度站的異步通信；討論了visualbasic6 . 0對mssqlserver的數據存取方法和數據源驅動原理，在此基礎上充分利用數據庫存儲過程完成了系統部分功能。By increasing the h2 dilution ratio, it is found that atomic hydrogen can selectively etch amorphous phase and stabilize crystalline phase. from the study on the distance from substrate to catalyzer, choosing a proper distance can ensure the gas fully decomposed, while a relatively low substrate temperature can cause the nanocrystalline particles to lose mobility and keep their sizes. the pre - carbonization process can enhance the nucleation density and make the growth of high quality nanocrystalline p - sic films much easier
實驗結果表明：隨著工作氣壓的減小，薄膜的晶粒尺寸有所減小；通過提高氫氣稀釋度，利用原子氫在成膜過程中起的刻蝕作用，可以穩定結晶相併去除雜相；選擇適當的熱絲距離能保證反應氣體充分分解，又使襯底具有較高的過冷度，是形成納米薄膜的重要條件；採用分步碳化法可以提高形核密度，有利於獲得高質量的納米- sic薄膜；襯底施加負偏壓可以明顯提高襯底表面的基團的活性，因負偏壓產生的離子轟擊還能造成高的表面缺陷密度，形成更多的形核位置。We analyzed the nucleation act of diamond in chemical vapor deposition ( cvd ) from the view of thermodynamics in the paper. a new nanothermodynamic approach was proposed, based on the established carbon thermodynamic equilibrium phase diagram
本文從熱力學角度分析了化學氣相沉積（ cvd ）金剛石過程中，金剛石的成核行為，提出了一種新的金剛石的納米成核熱力學觀點。In addition to splitting the nucleus into two halves, the process releases two or more neutrons and a large amount of energy in the form of heat. the released neutrons in turn hit more uranium nuclei and release more neutrons to produce a chain reaction
核裂變過程除了把原子核分裂成兩份外，亦會釋放大量的熱能及同時放出兩個或以上中子，以撞擊更多鈾原子核，再釋放更多中子，產生鏈式裂變反應。In spite of the enormous improvements in foundry technology, assisted by computerized processes to optimize the design of patterns and flow geometry during pouring it is extremely difficults to achieve x - ray / mt or pt quality to class 1 or 2 acceptance standards required in hp / ht applications in nuclear, thermal power stations or severe services in petrochemical industries
盡管鑄造技術已經有了巨大的發展，並利用計算機技術輔助優化結構設計和澆鑄過程的流體幾何設計，但是要達到1類或2類接受標準的x射線/ mt或pt質量要求仍然是極端困難的，而這些都是核電站、熱電站或石化工業內的苛刻環境所要求的標準。This paper considers the hot swap processes and the control mechanisms for these processes that a hot swap router may have. then this paper presents a kind of hot swap structure for core routers. also this paper defines the software connection states that the insertion and extraction of hot swap interface boards may cause
本文研究了核心路由器的熱切換處理過程和控制機制，給出了一種基於交換網路的核心路由器的熱切換結構，定義了介面模塊熱切換時系統的狀態及狀態之間的轉換關系。This paper studied two - dimension model of rotor and cylinder and builded the finite element model. generally take the rotor and the cylinder as control objects ， definite their boundary conditions ， solute their temperature fields ， and then analyst their bear expansions and distortions as well as thermal stress distribute ， to control the courses ， and keep the unit the most optimum operating condition. and put the theories into practice developed by c + + program, used as the important part of the online monitoring and management system of life of the steam turbine
本文對汽輪機轉子和汽缸的二維模型的進行分析，建立有限元模型；將汽輪機轉子和汽缸作為控制對象，確定其邊界條件，求解其溫度場，分析其熱膨脹、熱變形以及熱應力分佈；採用c + +語言編制汽輪機高壓缸、中壓缸以及缸體的溫度場實時在線監測程序，作為汽輪機壽命在線監測與管理系統的核心部分，用以指導汽輪機的啟停及運行過程，使機組可以安全的、經濟的運行。The definite equations of thermo - hydro - mechanical dissipation process in fractured rock mass are deduced, according to the theories of thermodynamics and irreversible process
根據熱力學的基本原理，導出了核廢料貯庫裂隙巖體介質熱-液-力耗散過程的定解方程。Accordingly, a new framework, which provides a common scheme for the numerical simulation on the macroscopic behavior of ferroelectrics though multi - scale analysis on the coupled thermo - electrics - mechanical behavior of multiphase in heterogeneous material, is induced to construct the effective constitutive equation of multiphase. in chapter four, based on the law of domain nucleation and domain wall motion of 1800 domain switching, a new scheme of domain switching and numerical simulation approach is put forward on the foundation of thermodynamics. driving traction, nucleation criterion, velocity of domain wall motion, kinetic relation and rate of domain switching in a single grain are given
第四章以鐵電體1800疇變的過程中形核規律和疇界運動規律的實驗觀察結果為基礎，根據熱力學理論建立鐵電體疇變的理論框架和數值模擬方法；給出了單疇內疇變驅動力、新疇形核準則、疇界運動速度公式、疇變動力學的表達式，單晶的疇變速率公式；用細觀力學的觀點給出了對多晶鐵電體多場耦合的有效性質進行包含疇變速率影響的多尺度分析方法。Using the microwave selective heating property for materials, by setup equivalent equation, and first time inducing the electromagnetic field perturbation theory to the design of heating materials for substrate in mpcvd, three temperature distribution modes were established, including temperature distribution comprehensive mode of inhomogeneous plasma, temperature distribution composite mode of composite substrate materials, temperature distribution perturbation mode of composite materials, which ii provided an whole new technology route to the design of substrate heating system in mpcvd and guided the preparation of heating materials for substrate. and then the heating materials for substrate were designed and optimized to obtain large area homogeneous temperature distribution even larger than substrate holder ' s diameter. as an important part, this thesis researched the nucleation and growth of diamond films in mpcvd, systematically researched the effects of substrate pretreatment, methane concentration, deposition pressure and substrate temperature etc experimental technologic parameters on diamond films " quality on ( 100 ) single crystal silicon substrate in the process of mpcvd, characterized the films qualities in laser raman spectra ( raman ), x - ray diffraction ( xrd ), scanning electron microscopy ( sem ), infrared transmission spectra ( ir ), atomic force microscopy ( afm ), determined the optimum parameters for mpcvd high quality diamond in the mpcvd - 4 mode system
該系統可通過沉積參數的精確控制，以控制沉積過程，減少金剛石膜生長過程中的缺陷，並採用光纖光譜儀檢測分析等離子體的可見光光譜以監測微波等離體化學氣相沉積過程；利用微波對材料的選擇加熱特性，通過構造等效方程，並首次將電磁場攝動理論引入到mpcvd的基片加熱材料的設計中，建立了非均勻等離子體溫度場綜合模型、復合介質基片材料的復合溫度場模型及復合介質材料溫度場攝動模型，為mpcvd的基片加熱系統設計提供了一條全新的技術路線以指導基片加熱材料的制備，並對基片加熱材料進行了設計和優選，以獲取大面積均勻的溫度場區，甚至獲得大於基片臺尺寸的均勻溫度區；作為研究重點之一，開展了微波等離體化學氣相沉積金剛石的成核與生長研究，系統地研究了在（ 100 ）單晶硅基片上mpcvd沉積金剛石膜的實驗過程中，基片預處理、甲烷濃度、沉積氣壓、基體溫度等不同實驗工藝參數對金剛石薄膜質量的影響，分別用raman光譜、 x射線衍射（ xrd ） 、掃描電鏡（ sem ） 、紅外透射光譜（ ir ） 、原子力顯微鏡（ afm ）對薄膜進行了表徵，確立了該系統上mpcvd金剛石膜的最佳的實驗工藝參數。They are the stellar evaporation in the tidal field, the stellar evolution during the early evolutionary stage, the tidal shocks due to clusters passing through the bulge and disk, and the dynamical friction
本文考慮的動力學過程有四種，即：恆星蒸發、早期大質量恆星的演化、銀河系核球和盤的沖擊加熱以及動力學磨擦。The helium will burn steadily and the higher energy production rate will heat up the star. the star will swell to a size even larger than a red giant and we have a
在恆星強大質量的約束下，核心氦聚變成碳的過程能穩定地進行，在核心高熱的煎熬下，恆星外殼會極度膨脹成為比紅巨星更巨大的The forming - nucleus drive power could form numerous little crystal nucleus under natural melting temperature. the formation of tic particles in the melt could be divided into two phases which was forming - nucleus and growth. the forming mechanism of tic was : melting ti first surrounded c, then ti melting in the alloy and c formed a complicated reaction mesosphere on the carbon surface
根據熱力學及動力學分析，認為在碳顆粒界面處tic的形核率很高，形核驅動力足以在正常的熔煉溫度下形成眾多的小晶核；熔體中tic顆粒的合成可分為形核與長大兩個階段，其形核機制為：首先活性ti原子包圍c ，溶入合金中的ti與c在碳表面形成一復雜反應中間層，隨著反應進行， ti和c顆粒不斷減少，生成的tic不斷彌散分佈於熔體中；其長大過程伴隨著tic顆粒的相互堆砌、聚集和形態規則化。The chemical composition, micro - structure and optical properties and its application of tio2 thin films deposited on k9 glass by using reactive electron - beam evaporation ( reb ) are studied through sem, tem, xps, xrd, spectroscopic ellipsometry ( se ) and uv - vis spectrophotometer in the dissertation, and the progresses of nucleation and growth of thin film are discussed from the point of view of dynamics and thermodynamics so that a structure model of tio _ ( 2 ) thin film is brought forward
本文採用sem 、 tem 、 xps 、 xrd 、橢圓偏振儀（ se ） 、 uv - vis分光光度計等分析手段系統地研究了電子束反應蒸發方法在k9玻璃上制備tio _ 2薄膜的成分、結構和光學性能以及tio _ 2薄膜在光學多層膜中應用，並開發了膜系設計軟體。文中還從動力學和熱力學角度分析了tio _ 2超薄膜的形核生長過程，得出了tio _ 2薄膜的組織結構模型。In this paper, the nucleation process of diamond by filament cvd was analyzed, and enhanced flux of ions by negative substrate bias was investigated in theory
摘要木文對熱燈絲cvd沉積金剛石膜的核化過程進行了分析，從理論上研究了負襯底偏壓增強活性離子的流量。分享友人