特許方式 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [tèxǔfāngshì]
特許方式 英文
privileged mode
  • 特 : Ⅰ形容詞（特殊; 超出一般） particular; special; exceptional; unusual Ⅱ副詞1 （特別） especially; v...
  • 許 : Ⅰ動詞1 （稱贊; 承認優點） praise 2 （答應） promise 3 （允許; 許可） allow; permit 4 （許配）enga...
  • 方 : Ⅰ名詞1 （方形; 方體） square 2 [數學] （乘方） involution; power 3 （方向） direction 4 （方面） ...
  • 式 : 名詞1 （樣式） type; style 2 （格式） pattern; form 3 （儀式; 典禮） ceremony; ritual 4 （自然科...
  • 特許 : special permission; concession; franchise特許出口商品 goods exported under special license; 特許...
  • 方式 : way; fashion; pattern
  1. Article 12 the concessionaire shall be determined by means of bid invitation and bidding

    第十二條特許經營者應當通過招標投標的方式確定。
  2. According to the differences in institutional financing and running, this article classifies the establishment and development of school operating in china into five models : founded by tuition and operated by private person, founded by enterprise and operated by educational chain, state - round school privatization, state - round school concessive running, operation by educational stock system. it analyses the establishment social background, existence rationale, main characteristics, encountering development problems, and future development of the five models. even though different models have different background, institutional predominance and limits, they all indicate their ability to effectively accommodate to and utilize market mechanism to promote the efficiency and benefit of school operating.

    本文根據學校資金投入和管理方式的不同，將我國學校經營大致劃分為五種主要模式：即以私人籌資、以學養學為特徵的民辦學校滾動經營模式；以集團投資、以產養學為特徵的民辦學校連鎖經營模式；以公民合作、優勢互補為特徵的公立學校轉制經營模式；以校產國有、個人承辦為特徵的公立學校特許經營模式以及以股份籌資、專家治理為特徵的學校教育股份制經營模式，並對每種模式產生的社會背景、制度優勢和面臨的主要問題及發展前景進行了具體分析。
  3. We conclude that the impact of transaction cost on the institutions for control is paramount because political actors can strategically design structure, procedures, and norm in order to mitigate their informational disadvantages and to enfranchise important constituencies into the regulatory process, thereby increasing the likelihood of obtaining desired policy outcomes from the agency

    本文結論發現，交易成本對管制機構受政治控管的程度具有關鍵性的影響，而政治監督機構也會藉由制度結構設計、行政程序規?或特許授權等策略方式來彌補其在委代關系中的資訊劣勢情況，並避免管制行政機構的脫?行為。
  4. Whereas " build - operate - transfer ", called bot mode, has been successfully adopted in some foundation fields, such as public traffic, electric power, etc. this article is based on the study of yishui sewage treatment plant application of bot some constructive and valuable recommendations presented may be helpful to other foundations and environmental fields. this article has analyzed the feasibility of yishui sewage treatment plant application of bot, then made a blue print which include construct project item company project financing project, running project and the analyse of benefits to society and economy. the pivotal portion - concessionary agreement, is also studied in this article

    在借鑒國外城市基礎設施bot模式和國內電廠、高速公路等建設項目bot模式的基礎上，總結國內部分採用準bot模式建設污水處理廠的經驗，根據國家目前的環境政策和法律、法規要求和沂水縣社會經濟發展狀況，運用了經濟學、技術經濟學及管理學的一般原理，對沂水縣城市污水處理廠採用bot模式建設進行了方案設計和分析，包括項目建設方案、項目公司組建方案、融資方案、運行方案、項目經濟效益分析及項目各參與方的經濟效益分析等內容，並對項目關鍵? ?特許權協議的有關內容進行了研究，在特許權協議中，對在實際工作中難以確定的收費價格、發票、付款等具體內容提出了解決思路和辦法。
  5. This thesis based on the development of heilongjiang ' s green foods, through a large amount of collection and arrangement, to analyze the opportunity of development, some objective problems, course and present condition of heilongjiang ' s green food, point out the countermeasure of development of heilongjiang ' s green food. the thesis is divided into five units : unit 1 analyzes the definitions and characters of green foods, standard and signs of green food. the advantage which green food have and the significance of green food ; unit 2 analyzes the development course and present development situation of heilongjiang ' s green food based on analyzing the starter and development situation of our country, heilongjiang ' s green food past ten years, more work goes before in our country ; unit 3 analyzes the questions required dealing with which exists in development of heilongjiang ' s green foods, it indues that think is too late, the scale is too small, the way of sell is late and false is too much more ; unit 4 draws a conclusion that there is nice chance of developing green food in heilongjiang, based on using a large amount of data ; the last unit provides the ways to turn think, stronger big factories, make the sell way is more than before and draw the lay fastly, and provides appropriate countermeasures to develop heilongjiang ' s green food further i n a healthy way

    本文共分五章，第一章在分析了綠色食品的概念與特點的基礎上，對綠色食品的標準與標志進行了界定，並明確規定了綠色食品必須具備的條件，提出了發展綠色食品的意義；第二章在分析我國綠色食品的起步與發展概況的基礎上，對黑龍江省綠色食品的發展歷程和發展現狀進行了分析，黑龍江省綠色食品產業經過十多年的努力，呈現了全省合力抓綠色食品，健康快速發展的好勢頭，並且許多工作都走在全國的前列；第三章從實證著手，分析了黑龍江省綠色食品發展中存在思想觀念滯后、品牌雜、經營銷售方式落後、假冒現象多等若干亟待解決的問題；第四章運用大量數據，得出黑龍江省發展綠色食品的良好機遇，為黑龍江省綠色食品的發展提供了廣闊的發展空間；第五章針對黑龍江省綠色食品發展中存在的問題提出了轉變傳統觀念、壯大龍頭企業、抓好市場營銷、加強綠色食品法規的制定等相應的對策，並對黑龍江省綠色食品的進一步的健康發展提出了新的思路。
  6. This thesis deals with legal issues concerning bot from four aspects : the first part devoted to a general analysis of bot - related legal issues, in particular the legal relationships involved in bot projects, and the differences between bot and other investment modes. the second part gives a analysis on the core document - accession agreement and its legal nature - a widely controversial issue. a conclusion is drawn the such agreement falls within the scope of domestic administrative contract

    首先，文章對bot方式的一般理論，尤其是其所涉及的法律關系及其與其他投資方式的f飛碩士學位論文助誦示ym人snr 』 s門正m異同，作了較詳盡的分析：在此基礎上，文章第二部分對t方式所涉及的核心文件一特許權協議的法律性質這一素有爭議的問題進行了探討，采納了其應屬于國內行政合同的觀點。
  7. At the same time, economic crisis, financial deficit and other factors such as burden of debts reduced greatly the governments " ability to invest and borrow money, private sources funds again were sought to cover up the capital shortage. on the other hand, some international consortia were looking for ways to invest for the purpose of maximum of profit. hence some international contracting companies and experienced developing countries began their trial to promote private ownership and operation of infrastucture projects, through the way of accession agreement with limited recourse

    然而進入80年代，現有的基礎設施已不能滿足經濟發展和人們生活的需要，而經濟危機、財政赤字、沉重債務負擔等因素使政府的投資能力和對外借債能力大為減弱，只能轉而尋求私營部門的資本來彌補資金的不足；同時國際上一些大財團因資本積累，急於加快資本周轉和增值，追求利潤最大化，一些國際承包公司和有經驗的發展中國家開始探索通過有限追索權貸款以特許方式促進私人擁有和經營基礎設施項目。
  8. Agroforestry a system of cultivation common in many parts of the tropics, especially in rainforest regions, in which forestry and arable farming are mixed

    農業林學：在許多熱帶地區特別是熱帶雨林地區的一種耕作方式，它混合了林業和種植業。
  9. An improved interactive dynamic multimedia synchronization model ( idsm ) based on tpn is proposed. the new model takes the dynamic synchronization properties and the demands of the priority of key medium and the function of user interaction in the distributed systems into account, introduces the allowed blocking time, backtracking rules and so on to handle the problems caused by random delay, blocking or lost packets, and describes the temporal behavior of multimedia information stream fully, accurately and formally. 4

    提出了一個新的基於tpn網的互動式多媒體動態同步模型idsm ，該模型充分考慮到分散式環境中多媒體的動態同步特性以及關鍵媒體的優先權和人機交互要求，通過引入容許阻塞時間、回溯演算法等有效克服了網路隨機延遲、阻塞和丟包等因素的影響，以形式化的方式完整、準確地描述了多媒體信息流的時間行為。
  10. To start a bot project, the investor and operator should first get a concession agreement from the government or its management institution

    採用這種投資方式時，投資者和經營者首先從政府或所屬機構手中取得項目的建設和經營特許權協議。
  11. This thesis introduces bot briefly at first then, the author gives a systemic study on some legal problems of bot : ( 1 ) the legal relations in bot, ( 2 ) the legal nature of concession agreement of bot ; ( 3 ) the risks of bot projects and government guarantee ; ( 4 ) the legal application in bot

    本文首先對bot投資方式做了概括性的介紹，然後對bot的幾個法律問題進行系統的分析探討，其中包括bot投資方式中的法律關系， bot特許協議的法律性質、 bot項目風險與政府保證、 bot方式中的法律適用等。
  12. In order to contend against the foreign competitors, chinese retail enterprises enlarge their scale by the means of annexation, licensed management, and so on

    中國零售企業為了抗衡外資企業的擴大，也通過並購、特許經營等方式擴大經營規模。
  13. This thesis brings forward that it is necessary to develop image - building by planning and design of small towns mainly for tourism from the height of region aiming at some phenomena of desultorily constructions, monotone and simple view, buildings with no design and culture happened and happening in some of this type of towns. the author analyses the system, structure, elements of these small towns through the theory of city identity system and " the image of city " with five elements. on the basis of it, the author studies the structure of sights and the embodiment of characteristic sights and advances the emphases of image - building by planning and design at three different aspects : the region or aero as a whole, the town as a whole and the part of the town

    論文針對當前重慶市許多旅遊型小城鎮形象建設雜亂無章，城鎮建設面貌單調乏味，建築缺乏設計和文化內涵，城鎮旅遊接待環境條件差，提出有必要站在區域的高度，對這類小城鎮進行形象規劃和設計，運用城市識別系統cis （ cityidentitysystem ）和「城市意象」五要素的原理來分析小城鎮系統結構和要素，以便能夠清楚地認識研究對象，在此基礎上分析旅遊型小城鎮的景觀構成及特色體現，提出了旅遊型小城鎮形象在宏觀、中觀和微觀三個層次上規劃設計的重點，並從理論上分析從實踐中總結出旅遊型小城鎮形象規劃設計的一般原則、方法表達方式及手段等，最後本文運用前面的理論和方法分析了重慶市的兩個典型的旅遊型小城鎮，並進一步得出結論，即旅遊型小城鎮形象建設是一個系統工程，要從規劃和設計兩個角度，結合旅遊的優勢，結合地方，結合自然，既有整體又有重點地對旅遊型小城鎮形象進行塑造，使得旅遊與小城鎮的建設和發展互相融合，協調發展，相得益彰。
  14. The manner of the institutional changes. the elementary action group obtains the benefits of institutional changes by way of founding the secondary action group, using the method of conferring the licence rights. certainly, the path that the elementary action group recognizes the licence rights is to study in this course

    發動制度變遷的方式? ?初級行動團體通過次級行動團體來獲取制度變遷的收益，其方式就是通過授予次級行動團體特許經營權，當然，在這個過程中初級行動團體是通過學習認識到了特許經營權這種方式。
  15. This way the service can be extended to any eventing scheme, and it also allows specific types of event handlers to be replaced

    通過這種方式，該服務可以擴展至任何事件方案，還允許替換特定類型的事件處理程序。
  16. After several stages of exploration in the past twenty years, china ' s financial reform has made great progress. nevertheless, many " sequelae " have been left and its process embodies gradualness, oriented by the government jagging and unbalancing

    但由於改革最初是按照「摸著石頭過河」的方式展開的，因此留下了許多的「后遺癥」 ，並表現出漸進性、政府主導性、滯后性和非均衡性的特點。
  17. Along with the development of modern education technology which bases on the kernel of multi - media computer and network technology, teaching on line has become more and more fashionable. as a supplementary for traditional teaching method, it not only has the function of traditional teaching method but also has some characteristic such as sharing the teaching resource, separating teaching time and space, advantageous for suiting teaching methods to students and etc. it became an efficient way to solve the contraditions between the knowledge explosion and study time limited, lt is also an dfficient way to solve the contradition between shot of teacher and increasement of learner. lt proved the fundation and technological guarantee to put the policy into practice that entire nation in education and education in all one ' s life. so it is quite worthwhile for all educators to consider how to develop more and better networked teaching resources and it became an important mission to them

    隨著以計算機技術和網路技術為核心的信息技術的發展和普及，網上教學成為當今教育界的熱門話題。作為傳統教學方式的有益補充，它不僅能夠實現傳統教育的功能，而且具有許多獨特的優勢：諸如教學資源共享、教學時空分離、更有利於因材施教等，從而成為在「信息時代」解決「知識爆炸」與「學習時間有限」的矛盾以及「從教人員不足」與「受教人員增加」的矛盾的有效途徑，也為實行「全民教育」 、 「終身教育」提供了可靠的物質基礎和技術保障，如何開發更多基於網路的教學資源成為教育工作者的使命。
  18. As an emerging business model, franchising has been playing a more and more important role in social activities. by the end of 2004, the total number of franchising systems in china has exceeded 2, 000, which means that china has the largest number of franchising systems in the world. however, the cooperation between franchisors and franchisees is not that satisfactory

    特許經營這種新興商業模式在社會生活中的作用越來越突出，截至2004年底，我國特許體系已突破2 ， 000個，成為世界上特許體系最多的國家，而特許雙方的合作情況卻不盡人意，特許方和（或）加盟方的利益時常受到侵害，因此研究特許雙方機會主義行為的治理模式具有重要意義，在此背景下本文將「特許經營的雙邊治理模式」作為研究課題。
  19. Based on the cases analysis in chapter four, this paper divides the opportunism in franchising relationship into two parts : one is ex ante adverse selection and the other is ex post moral hazard. for the former, this paper suggests regulating the franchisor ’ s qualification and relevant information disclosure ; for the later, this paper suggests setting up “ reputation incentive mechanism ” and “ discredit penalty mechanism ”, or enhancing both parties ’ asset specialization

    契約前逆向選擇問題的治理可以通過特許方的資格審核和規范信息披露機制來實現;通過對特許雙方的博弈分析本文認為對雙方的契約后的道德風險問題的治理可以通過建立「信譽激勵機制」和「失信懲罰機制」 ，以及提高雙方合作的專用性等方式來實現。
  20. What if we did not treat just one object in a special fashion, but allowed every object involved in a code block to help choose the correct code path

    如果不用一種特定方式處理一個對象，而是允許代碼塊中所包含的每個對象幫助選擇正確的代碼路徑，那會怎樣呢？
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