現存行政結構 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [xiàncúnhángzhèngjiēgòu]
現存行政結構 英文
existingadministrativestructures
  • 現 : Ⅰ名詞1 （現在; 此刻） present; now; current; existing 2 （現款） cash; ready money Ⅱ副詞（臨時; ...
  • 存 : 動詞1 （存在; 生存） exist; live; survive 2 （儲存; 保存） store; keep 3 （蓄積; 聚集） accumulat...
  • 行 : 行Ⅰ名詞1 （行列） line; row 2 （排行） seniority among brothers and sisters:你行幾? 我行三。where...
  • 政 : 名詞1 （政治） politics; political affairs 2 （國家某一部門主管的業務） certain administrative as...
  • 結 : 結動詞（長出果實或種子） bear （fruit）; form （seed）
  • 構 : Ⅰ動詞1 （構造; 組合） construct; form; compose 2 （結成） fabricate; make up 3 （建造; 架屋） bui...
  • 現存 : extant; in stock; existing
  • 行政 : administration
  • 結構 : 1 （各組成部分的搭配形式） structure; composition; construction; formation; constitution; fabric;...
  1. First of all, with dominant state - owned property right and ownership ' s misplacement and non - transference, state - owned commercial banks are long - term protected by the government, suffering from low efficiency and serious diseconomy in scale

    因國有商業銀行長期受政府保護，效率低下，存在嚴重的規模不經濟，無法完全實現其法人財產權，不能形成有效的內部治理結構；二是高比例的不良貸款率。
  2. Part3 : the problems with china ' s fiscal policy on venture capital. the problems include : a definite and integrated system of fiscal law on venture capital has not be built up. the present tax law and code are not fit for the development. the government expenditure on tech - research and product - transform is not enough. the structure of government expenditure is not in reason. the efficiency of the go

    指出問題主要包括以下幾點： 1 、缺乏一種針對風險投資的明確而又完整的財稅法律與政策支持體系； 2 、現行稅收法律政策不利於風險投資業的發展； 3 、財政投入科技研發和成果轉化的資金總量不足，並且存在結構性問題，資金使用效率低下的問題普遍存在。
  3. Government ' s monopoly of capital market also leaded to the " shell " value of listed company which is irrelative to the company ' s invest value, which made the higher general price in the market. in addition to, the structure of investors which is consisting of many individual investors and few institution investors lets it easy to manipulate the stock market for the institution investors. according to the origins of the systematic risk, it is necessary to improve the market mechanism and market efficiency to eliminate the system root of the risk to decrease the risks

    突出地表現在：資本市場服務于國企轉制，造成上市公司股權結構存在缺陷，致使公司治理失效，上市公司缺乏持續發展的能力，公司經營風險轉化為市場的系統性風險；政府對資本市場準入的行政性壟斷，形成上市公司「殼」價值，虛高股票市場價格，引發系統性風險；金融市場分割，特別是貨幣市場資金缺乏進入資本市場的正常渠道，利率市場化水平低，影響金融資產定價，導致違規融資盛行，加大了市場風險；而由於市場監管不到位，以散戶為主的投資主體結構，則易導致機構大戶利用內幕信息操縱股價，機構投資者的發展不僅沒有成為穩定市場的力量，反而成為操縱市場的主力，加劇了市場波動。
  4. Based on the rent - seeking theory and theory of relation between government and market, the thesis studies the rent - seeking activities, their macroscopical and microcosmic backgrounds, the rent - creating mechanism, and the performance by the principals of security offering, agency, investing, and government, then analyzed their origin and influence and concluded the countermeasures. the framework of this thesis is as follows : chapter 1 is the pandect, mainly about the issues, the train of thought, the hypothesis, and the methodology ; chapter 2 is the academic groundwork, introducing the theories on rent - seeking, the development of relation between government and market, and security market ; chapter 3 studies the macroscopical and microcosmie backgrounds of the rent - seeking activities in chinese security market ; chapter 4 studies the rent - creating mechanism, which premise the activities ; chapter 5 analyzes the performance and characteristics of the activities. ; chapter 6 studies the origin and influence of the rent - seeking activities, probes into their deep roots, and reveals the harms from the activities through investigation in the resource lavishment and impact on the security market and the whole society, which come in the wake of rent - seeking ; chapter 7 gives the conclusions and countermeasures

    本文研究結構如下：第一章為總論，主要介紹了研究的問題、思路、假設和方法；第二章為研究的理論基礎，介紹了尋租理論、政府與市場關系理論的演變以及證券市場的基本理論；第三章考察了中國證券市場尋租活動的宏觀和微觀經濟背景，為研究證券市場尋租行為作了鋪墊；第四章研究了證券市場租金產生的機制亦即創租機制，它是尋租活動存在的邏輯前提；第五章則從證券市場不同參與者的角度具體分析了尋租活動的表現和特點；第六章研究了證券市場尋租活動的原因和影響，探討了證券市場尋租問題所產生的深層次和一般性的原因並從尋租活動本身造成的資源浪費、對證券市場的影響和對整個社會的影響三個方面闡述了尋租活動的危害；第七章得出了研究結論並提出了解決尋租問題的對策思路。
  5. It researches on whether the economic growth is sustainable from the angle of driving structure including investment, technology and government policy. it studies the growth benefit shared by all income groups from the perspective of sector structure, i. e. industry structure and employment structure. it discusses the effects of resource location from the relationship between trade structure and industry structure

    由增長的動力結構包括從投資、技術和政府政策三個方面，來考察增長能否可持續進行；從部門結構即產業結構與就業結構的角度，來分析社會各階層對增長利益的分享；由貿易結構與產業結構的關系來分析資源配置的效應；通過對現行的結構分析，總結出泰國在經濟增長的可持續性、社會與地區的均衡發展方面都存在著問題。
  6. The paper analyzes comparatively interior transaction cost of integrated model with analysis structure of r. h. coase and market transaction cost of market model according to bargain proceeding ; analyzing economy of scales for electricity industry on the terms of its definition coming up with an improved " survival of the fittest " method to find optimum economic scale and explaining " separation of power plant from electric network " with the view of vertical economy ; studying selection and realization for valid competition of electricity industry with theory of contestable market, while setting up a oligarch monopoly competition model for the electricity market based on tax control of government with the thought of dynamic game theory of

    應用科斯的交易成本分析框架對一體化管理模式下的內部交易成本進行分析，按照契約過程對市場化模式下的市場交易成本進行分析，並作了相應比較；按照規模經濟的定義對電力產業的規模經濟性進行了分析，提出改進的"適者生存法"來確定電力產業的最優經濟規模，並運用縱向經濟的觀點解釋"廠網分開" ；應用可競爭性理論研究了電力產業的有效競爭方式的選擇和實現，同時借鑒stackelberg模型的動態博弈思想，構建了基於政府稅收調控的電力市場寡頭壟斷競爭模型，通過對模型的分析說明了市場結構的演化和政府管制的必要性。
  7. Due to the special equity structure in china, company governance does n ' t pay attention to protect the investors, so the empirical results show as follows : ( l ) it exists the negative relation between the proportion of state - owned stocks and corporate performance ; it does n ' t exists the remarkable relation between the proportion of circulation stocks and corporate performance ; the function of corporation in company governance depends on its owned stocks. ( 2 ) the performance of equity - scattered company is superior to that of equity - gathered company, the performance of corporation - gathered company is superior to that of state company. ( 3 ) in the protective industries, the degree of equity d oes n ' t influence the performance, state - owned stocks play a leading role, there is a negative relation between the proportion of its stocks and croa, but there is n ' t a remarkable negative relation between the proportion of its stocks and roe ; in non - protective industries, the performance of equity - scattered company is superior to that of equity - gathered company, and the proportion of corporation stocks rise, the influence of proportion on corporate performance depends on its owned stocks. finally, it gives some reasonable suggestions and discusses the limits of research

    由於在我國特殊的股權結構下，公司治理對投資者缺乏保護，實證結果表現為： （ 1 ）國家股股東持股比例與公司績效存在負向關系；流通股股東持股比例與公司績效之間不存在顯著的關系；法人股股東在公司治理中的作用依持股水平而定； （ 2 ）股權分散公司的績效優于股權集中公司，法人集中公司的績效優于國有集中公司； （ 3 ）在保護性行業，股權集中程度對績效的影響不顯著，國家股佔主導地位，其持股比例與績效指標croa存在負向關系，與績效指標roe存在不顯著負向關系；在非保護性行業，股權分散公司的績效優于股權集中公司，法人股比例上升，其持股比例對公司績效的影響依持股水平而定。最後，提出相應的政策建議並討論了研究的局限性。
  8. In this paper, we analyse the conception and theory basis of corporation governance structure, then point out there are still some problems in state - owned enterpise after the reformation of stock company such as irrationality of stock right structure, default of state stockholder, serious government action of advanced governors ' selection, distemperedness of advanced governors ' prompting and restriction mechanism and nominal borad of supervisors, then put forward some relevant resolving measure, which include stock right decentralization, perfect stockholder conference, form and develop enterpriser procession, establish effective advanced governors ' prompting and restriction mechanism, strengthen construction of board of supervisors

    分析了法人治理結構的涵義及理論基礎，進而指出國有企業股份制改革后法人治理結構中仍然存在股權結構不合理、國家股所有者缺位、高層人員選擇的嚴重政府行為、高層人員的激勵和約束機制不健全、監事會形同虛設等問題，並相應提出了實現股權多元化、完善股東大會、形成和發展企業家隊伍、建立有效的高層激勵和約束機制、加強監事會建設的解決措施。
  9. It also analyzes the history and the present situation of the shift in village in this part. in the fourth part, i establish employment elastic time series model to analyze the ability of absorbing labor. finally, some supporting stratagems are proposed to promote village surplus labor shift, to adjusts the employment structure and to optimize the industrial structure

    第三部分用特化系數考察江蘇各區域的勞動力分佈情況，並分析了江蘇農村剩餘勞動力轉移的歷史和現狀，以及存在的問題;第四部分建立就業彈性的時間序列模型，對非農產業的勞動力吸納能力進行定量分析，並對非農產業內部具體產業的勞動力吸納能力作了比較;最後，把區域空間結構發展模式與江蘇經濟發展的具體特徵融合到一起，提出轉移江蘇農村剩餘勞動力以調整就業結構，並促進產業結構結構優化和經濟協調發展的政策建議。
  10. Through analysis, the results are as the following : ( 1 ) to prove have uncoordinated phenomenon, between the basic research for design policy and the knowledge introduction of the functionaries. ( 2 ) the most decision types of the design policy ' s functionary are messenger, and sequences are evaluator. ( 3 ) the personal knowledge backgrounds of the design policy ' s functionary influence the design policymaking. ( 4 ) the issues of the design policy belong to " ill - structured problems ", which affects the contextuality of policy knowledge

    所得資料經統計分析后，研究結果得知我國設計政策制定： （ 1 ）基礎研究與任職者所引用知識之間，存在著不能配合的現象； （ 2 ）任職者知識引用的決策型態僅以訊息傳遞為最多； （ 3 ）任職者個人的知識偏好，影響設計政策制定於不完全知識下進行決策； （ 4 ）設計政策屬于結構不良的政策問題，影響著政策知識環境系絡的發展。
  11. The author first introduces the process of establishment of present system, it analyzes the existing problem in judicial process. it concludes : all the problems are associated with the reason that we did n ' t establish the judicial independence system, we did n ' t provide the judges with the opportunities to do their job independently. therefore, in order to accord with the new situation after the entrance to wto, realize fairness and efficiency, fasten the reform of judice, we should establish the ilndependence of judicial system

    文章首先介紹了我國現行的法院獨立審判原則的確立過程和法官獨立與我國法院獨立審判原則之區別，重點分析了我國法院獨立審判制度中存在的問題，得出結論：我國之所以在司法過程中存在法院內部司法行政化、司法權力的地方化、法官管理的公務員化、法官形象軍警化、法官構成的非專業化、法官與社會的關系親密化等問題和弊病，是因為在我國沒有把法官獨立作為一項司法制度予以確立，沒有給法官提供獨立辦案、不受任何干涉的機制保障。
  12. On the base of the introduction to the development condition in jiangsu province, the author concentrates on the analysis on non - state middle school teachers in jiangsu province in the following aspects : i. comprehensive analysis on non - state middle school teachers in jiangsu province, including the analysis on the general condition and the structure of non - state middle school teachers in jiangsu province, comparative analysis on non - state middle school teachers and state middle school teachers ; ii. case studies on the teachers " psychology and management strategies, including the analysis on common mentality of benefit, belonging, anxiety, employee and conjecture, the analysis on the corresponding measures taken by the school managers ; iii. ponder the exiting problems of non - state middle school teachers on the base of the comprehensive analysis and the case studies, resting with the negative effects to the construction of non - state middle school teachers caused by serious system obstacles, over flow of teachers, different motivation of the school runners and the management faults

    論文在簡要介紹江蘇省民辦中學發展狀況的基礎上，著力從下列幾個方面對江蘇省民辦中學教師隊伍進行分析：一是對江蘇省民辦中學教師隊伍現狀的綜合分析，包括對江蘇省民辦中學教師隊伍總體狀況的分析、結構狀況的分析、民辦中學和公辦中學教師隊伍狀況的比較分析；二是從教師個體心態與管理者策略的角度對江蘇省民辦中學教師隊伍狀況的案例分析，包括對民辦中學教師中普遍存在的利益心態、歸屬心態、憂患心態、打工心態、揣摩心態的分析，並分析了學校管理者採取的相應措施；三是在綜合分析和案例分析的基礎上對民辦中學教師隊伍存在問題的原因進行深入揭示，著重分析嚴重的體制障礙、過于頻繁的教師流動、學校舉辦者不同的動機、民辦中學管理上的缺陷對民辦中學教師隊伍建設造成的負面影響；最後從完善教師資格認定製度、強化教師資源配置的市場機制、健全教師社會保障體系和推進民辦中學教師的道德建設和專業化建設等方面提出加強民辦中學教師隊伍建設的政策建議。
  13. So, this paper that is based on the their own characteristics and their status, discusses the salary system ’ status and problems of the middle and small - scale iron and steel enterprise, and point out some new creative thoughts according to the compensation rules of the shuicheng iron & steel group company and nanjing iron & steel united co., ltd. in the principle which retaining and motivating the key staff is mainly and recruiting the employees from the external is supply, we should do seriously the job analyze and post appraisal, and adopt the market pay level which is the hybrid policy. in the additions, in the guidance of the hierarchy of the need theory, takes the deference measures to design the compensation structure according to the executive 、 the middle and low level manager 、 technicians and operative employee doing the contributions to the enterprise, adjusts the ratios of fixed wages and variable wages, uses the annual salary system for the executive, implementing the dual ladders to the managers and the technicians

    為此，本篇論文主要是根據中小鋼鐵企業的自身特點，論述了中小鋼鐵企業的薪酬體系的現狀和存在的不足，並結合水城鋼鐵（集團）公司和南京鋼鐵聯合有限公司兩家鋼鐵企業的薪酬制度，提出了相應的創新思路，即在以留住、激勵關鍵人才為主，以外部招聘員工為輔的思想指導下，認真做好工作分析、崗位評價工作，採取混合政策的市場薪酬水平，同時，在需求層次理論的指導下，根據經營管理人員、一般管理人員、技術人員及操作人員對企業的貢獻不同採取了不同的薪酬結構設計，調整了特殊人群的固定工資和浮動工資的比例，對經營管理人員實行年薪制，對技術人員和管理人員實行「雙梯制」的職業發展通道，從而確保了薪酬制度的公平性、經濟性、激勵性，不同程度地鼓勵了企業特殊人才的工作積極性和主動性，優化了企業的制度，提高了企業的核心競爭力。
  14. Briefly tracing back to the development of china ' s trust operation, the first part puts forward the existing problems and demonstrates that the reasons lie in not only the factors such as bad operation and management in itself, uncompleted inner control mechanism, low quality of employees and lack of trust concept, but also systematic factors. all the problems are inevitably produced under the special " administration - market " structure and system background of china ' s trust operation. two layers are in the second part

    第一部分在簡單的回顧中國信託業發展歷程的基礎上，指出了目前我國信託業存在的問題，並對產生這些問題的原因進行了剖析，認為中國信託業出現的發展危機原因不僅在於其自身經營管理不善、內控機制不健全、從業人員素質不高、社會缺乏信託觀念等方面的因素，更在於體制性因素，這些問題是在中國信託業產生的特殊制度背景和特有的「行政? ?市場」結構下必然產生的。
  15. To answer the question " why to reform ", the paper explores the cause in terms of demand, efficiency, competition, and environment, and proposes that demand for consumption is the outset of the distribution channel as well as the end of the channel. any change in quantity and structure of consumer demand will result in corresponding changes in the structure and behavior of the distribution channel. as it can reflect the function and utility of the specified system in a specific period, efficiency has become the driving force to initiate the reform in the distribution channel

    消費需求在數量上與結構上的每一次改變，都會拉動流通渠道結構與行為的相應變革；效率作為特定歷史條件下特定系統的功能與效能反映，其經濟性、客觀性及發展性特徵成為流通渠道變革的驅動力；競爭是市場經濟的基本現象，它在流通渠道中表現為部門競爭及部門間競爭，兩個方面競爭的共同作用必然導致流通渠道整體結構、數量、關系等一系列相應的變革；環境是流通渠道生存的空間，其從政治、經濟、人口、技術等方面對流通渠道形成制約，環境的變化刺激流通渠道產生相應的變革。
  16. First, the paper has analyzed the chengdu ’ s housing market situation from the supplies and demand angle, analyzed the chengdu ’ s inhabitant ' s housing purchasing power from the inhabitant ' s revenue and expenditure, deposit and the quantity of durable consumable by inhabitant, and has promulgated the supplies and the demand contradiction ; next, the paper has carried on the discussion to the present chengdu ' s house price, the house price rise reason is : inappropriate supplies structure, increasing commodity apartment cost, unbalanced housing supply and demand, purchase the house for investing, policy strength ; once more, the paper give some proposal to the government to control the real estate market, the government should adjust the housing and land supply structure, control of the passive housing demand

    本篇論文首先從供給和需求角度分析了成都住房市場現狀，從居民收支、儲蓄和耐用品擁有量分析了成都居民的住房購買力，並揭示了當前成都住房市場上存在的供給與需求間的矛盾;其次，論文對成都的房價進行了探討，論述了成都房價歷史和現狀，結合居民收入，論文認為成都房價雖高，但還在居民承受范圍內;然後，論文分析了成都住房價格上漲的原因，認為市場供應結構不合理、商品房成本增加、住房供求總量失衡、投資性購房增長過快、政策力量等因素造成了房價的上漲;再次，論文對政府宏觀調控房地產市場提出了幾點建議，認為政府應該調整和改善住房供應結構、加大土地供應調控力度和控制被動性住房需求來穩定房價。
  17. To explore and make clear the background factor of the behaviors, the dynamic relationship and cause - effect relationship between organizational politics perceptions and consequential behaviors. this paper, based on the five theories related to power at different levels, personal perspective, strategy contingency theory, social exchange theory and structural theory. there appear several problems in the development of key disciplines and processes of crossing and assimilating of subjects, including system tie, the character of scientists, the problem of administers, which influence the development and construction of subject, through abstracting, summarizing and based on “ swot ” analytical model from the theory strategic competition by michael baud, we divide organizational politics behaviors in the organizational development of college subjects and crossing and assimilating of subjects into several sorts : including ( 1 ) offensive model ( 2 ) defensive model ( 3 ) strengthening model ( 4 ) shrinking model

    為探索和理清重點學科組織政治行為的背景因素，組織政治知覺與后續產生的組織政治行為的動態關聯性與因果關系，本研究以五種不同層次與權力相關的理論，即個人特質理論觀點（ personalperspective ） ;策略權變理論觀點（ strategycontingencytheory ） ;沖突理論觀點（ conflicttheory ） ;社會交換理論觀點（ socialexchangytheory ） ;結構化理論觀點（ structurationtheory ）為基本理論依據，將重點學科學科發展以及學科交叉與融合過程中出現的諸如體制束縛、科學家自身素質、管理層問題等影響學科建設與發展的共性現象進行提煉、總結，並依據「邁克爾?波特」的戰略競爭理論學說中的「 swot 」分析模型，將大學學科組織發展及學科交叉與融合中存在的組織政治行為進行提練歸類，分為（ 1 ）進攻型; （ 2 ）防守型; （ 3 ）增強型; （ 4 ）退縮型四類政治行為。
  18. To add " recently " after " grave concerns expressed " ; to delete ", and for the effective conservation of " after " the queen s pier in central " and substitute with " and their discussion on the four proposals put forth by the government for dealing with " ; to delete " adopt " after " immediately " and substitute with " make reference to " ; to delete " and to undertake to adopt conservation in - situ, minimal interference, preservation of the original condition and protection of the heritage environment as the principles for formulating " after " in 2000 " and substitute with " to formulate " ; to delete " implementing " after " expeditiously " and substitute with " implement " ; to add " reasonable, practical and " after " the most " ; to delete " in - situ, including proper adjustments to the current works projects and designs of future projects to avoid damaging the existing structure of the queen s pier " after " preserving the queen s pier " ; and to delete " of works projects on the present site of the queen s pier " after " minimize the impact " and substitute with " on the central reclamation phase iii works which are underway, and to commence as soon as possible discussion involving public participation on the site and design concept for the relocation of the queen s pier "

    在"鑒于"之後加上"近期"在"社會各界"之後刪除"已經"在"強烈關注， "之後刪除"為有效保護" ，並以"以及就政府提出處理"代替在"皇后碼頭"之後加上"的4個方案作出討論"在"立即"之後刪除"采納" ，並以"參考"代替在"中國文物古跡保護準則， "之後刪除"並承諾以原址保護減少干預保存原狀保護文物環境等作為準則， "在"盡速實施"之後加上"最合理可行及"在"最有效的"之後刪除"原址保留" ，並以"保存"代替在"皇后碼頭方案， "之後刪除"包括妥善調整現有工程及設計未來工程，以避免對皇后碼頭現有結構造成損害，從而將皇后碼頭現址因" ，並以"讓正在進行中的中環第三期填海"代替及在緊接句號之前加上" ，並就重置皇后碼頭的選址及設計意念盡快展開有公眾參與的討論" 。
  19. Assets structure, technology structure. compared internationally. the internal structure of the tertiary industry in china is in a state of disequilibrium. the state of imbalance can be mainly expressed in the fact that the newly developing service trades are in a low state, while the traditional service trades grow too fast. in the third chapter, taking into consideration of the questions of the internal structure of the tertiary industry in china, a series of effective policies are put forward in order to make the internal structure of the tertiary industry in china upgrading and coordinating. at last, the author makes a forecasting of the internal structural changes of the tertiary industry in china in the next 15 years

    第二章：從產出結構、就業結構、投資結構、結構效益這四個方面回顧了中國自建國以來的第三產業內部結構的變動趨勢，並與發達國家以及發展中國家第三產業內部結構變動的一般規律相比較，發現我國進入90年代后第三產業內部結構的變動態勢不合理，主要表現在新興服務業發育不足，傳統服務業仍佔主導地位。第三章：針對我國第三產業內部結構存在的問題，提出一系列的政策措施來優化我國的第三產業內部結構，並對我國未來10年的第三產業內部結構的變化趨勢進行了前瞻性的預測。
  20. 3. on the basis of the analysis of the relationship between nonseparation of the government from industries and the unitariness of investors, the pluralism of investors has been put forward to promote the separation of the government from joint - venture railways. the relationship between capital structure and corporation governing structure has also been expatiated, and the thesis tries to identify the problems on the joint - venture railways " corporation governing structure corresponding to current capital structure

    分析了合資鐵路政企不分與投資主體單一的關系，提出要以投資主體多元化推進合資鐵路政企分開；闡述了資本結構與公司治理結構的關系，指出合資鐵路的與現有資本結構對應的公司治理結構存在的問題，並應用公司治理結構的相關理論同時結合合資鐵路實際進行完善合資鐵路公司治理結構的組織設計。
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