理科概論 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [lǐkēgàilún]
理科概論 英文
general science
  • 理 : Ⅰ名詞1 （物質組織的條紋） texture; grain （in wood skin etc ） 2 （道理;事理） reason; logic; tru...
  • 科 : Ⅰ名詞1 （學術或業務的類別） a branch of academic or vocational study 2 （機關按工作性質而分設的單...
  • 概 : Ⅰ名詞1 （大略） general outline 2 （神氣） manner of carrying and conducting oneself; deportment ...
  • 論 : 論名詞（記錄孔子及其門徒的言行的「論語」） the analects of confucius
  • 理科 : 1 （教學上對物理、化學、數學、生物等學科的統稱） science2 （理科系） science department in a coll...
  • 概論 : （多用於書名: 概括的論述） outline; introduction; survey: 《化學概論》 an introduction to chemistry
  1. On the base of serious summarizing the experience of more than 20 pilot villages of the all city during the past 7 years, twice villages surveys in large scale in 1999 and 2001 ( including over 200 villages ) and thirteen pilot villages in the project of rural development by technology and education project in beijing in 2002, generalizing experience on how to develop village economy and rural development by technology and education project entirely, extrapolating the operating mechanism, management system and village development pattern in how to rely on technology to train rural elites and boom village economy especially. thereby, representing the conception, goal and operating clue of village economy and rural development by technology and education project for 21st century in beijing in detail. it is the first time to represent four operating thesis of rural development by technology and education project for 21st century in china systematically : system thesis of village productive forces ( inside ) ; regional actinoid thesis in village ( outside ), operating thesis for origin, bank and fluid, and the thesis of biology balancing and limited factors

    在認真總結北京市7年多來全市20餘個科教興村老試點和1999年、 2001年兩次大規模村級調查（ 200餘村） 、北京市2002年十三個科教興村新的試點的基礎上，全面總結如何依靠科技、教育在發展村域經濟、開展科教興村等方面的經驗教訓，特別是重點總結歸納了7年來北京市如何依靠科技、培育鄉土人才、促進村域經濟發展的科教興村的管理體系、運作模式、村級發展模式；在此基礎上，詳細闡述了21世紀北京市科教興村的概念、目標和工作思路；並在國內首次較系統地、深入地闡述了21世紀科教興村的四大運行理論基礎：村域生產力系統理論（對內） 、村域區域經濟發展輻射理論（對外） 、 「源、庫、流」運轉學說和「生態平衡理論和限制因子學說」 。
  2. Conceptual change theory is based on philosophy of science, piget ' s cognitive theory, ausubel ' s assimilative theory and constructivism. the starting point of the progress of conceptual change is the students " pre - scientific conception

    概念轉變理論的提出是以科學哲學觀點、皮亞傑的認知發展理論、奧蘇貝爾的認知結構同化論以及建構主義理論為基礎。
  3. I had difficulty with the concepts ; couldn t master the basics let alone the more complex theories and never saw its practical benefit. science seemed for people devoid of emotion, the boffins, the ones who took an extraordinary interest in things i found irritating

    我對科學概念的理解有過困難，無法掌握科學的基本概念，更不用說駕馭那些更為復雜的理論，並且也沒感覺到科學所帶來的實際好處。
  4. But the key of development is system innovation. the change of organizational system is that macro university borrows exchange expense theory, property right theory, and consignation substitution theory of system economics to innovate its systems

    根據制度經濟學的交易費用概念，可以解釋學校分立化的合理性，不論是用科層手段，還是用市場手段組織調節都會發生一定的交易費用。
  5. The excimer laser diopter correction and aberration correction have been proved efficiency and safety. based on cad / cam, applied optics, ophthalmology, biomedicine and computer techonlogy, this paper studied the principle of excimer laser aberration correction. the conception, cause of formation and representation of wavefront aberration are introduced

    準分子激光治療屈光不正及消除像差的有效性和安全性已被證實，本學位論文將cad 、眼科視光學、波前像差技術、生物醫學技術與計算機技術等多學科理論交叉結合，系統敘述了人眼波前像差理論，包括波前像差概念、表示方法、測量方法和產生的原因等。
  6. Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law

    再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。
  7. They are all motive force of development in modern science area, including education. the article summarizes the theories of systems science, though documental research, inves - tigation and analysis, research of action, synthetic study and so on, and discuss its guidable sense for instructional media design

    本文在概括性闡述系統科學研究的基本理論及其對教育教學的指導意義基礎之上，通過文獻研究、調查分析、行動研究、綜合研究等方法，按照文獻分析? ?提出問題? ?理論論述? ?得出結論的技術路線，綜合論述了系統科學中的控制論、信息論和系統論對教學媒體設計的指導意義。
  8. It lengthways hackles the notion of scientific literacy and breadthwise anatomies the senior high school students " scientific literacy, from the angle of theoretical analysis

    從理論分析的角度，縱向梳理科學素養概念，橫向剖析中學生科學素養。
  9. Following the analyzing and based on originality of theory, from a angle of view of philosophy of science, in regard to theoretical basis, methodology, and theoretical structure, the author gives a general picture of the original theory of instruction in other countries, and thinks of it as " stones from other hills " that increases the originality capacity of theory of instruction in china, in accordance with the above view, sketches the contours of the paths into generating originally theory of instruction in china, holds that reconstructing medio - theory of instruction is one of feasible orientations of research in theory of teaching and learning in china in future

    繼而理性地反思我國教學理論發展與流變的歷程，認為理論移植與依附是近現代我國教學理論原創力貧弱的癥結。論文在原創理論層面上，從科學哲學的視角，分別從理論基礎、方法論、理論結構三個方面探源國外教學理論原創的概貌，作為我國教學理論原創的「他山之石」 ，以此勾勒出我國教學理論實現原創性生成的路徑，認為走教學理論的中層研究是實現我國教學理論原創的應然取向之一。
  10. This article contains three parts, five chapters. the first part introduces the incentive models of actual bonus stock synoptically, analyses the stock on hand, option shares and stock option, the three kind of important incentive models, on rights and incumbencies, value and the incentive guidance by contrast. the second part discusses the difficulties and influential factors in the design of technical bonus stock, quests for the incentive models of technical bonus stock, analyses superiority and inferior position in action, difference and interosculation between them, discusses the need and significance for the technical bonus stock reanimation in the middle - small technicalfilms. in order to make use of the technical bonus stock distribution mechanism fully, inspire the talent of technologists, encourage their devotion to films, we have some important discussion on the technical bonus stock distribution policy, introduce the distributed models of technical bonus stock, point out the questions in the excutive course, and offer the solution correspondingly. in the third part, we discuss the technical stock option design on middle - small technical films, and consider the logical thoughtfulness in the course of reanimation as follows : the more outstanding achievement for the powered man the more increase on special target the lower price on technical option premium the more profit the more effective reanimation. in the parameter, a set of detailed program is designed, which includes establishment of incentive fund, institution of merit system for the plan ' s grantors, award of stock option, determination of premium, so as to reduce random in the incentive course, have a great effect on the mormative management for the

    本文內容共分為五章三大部分，第一部分概括性地介紹了現行股權激勵方式，對現股、期股和期權這三種重要的激勵方式，從權利義務、價值和激勵導向三個方面進行了對比分析；第二部分探討了技術股權設計的難點和影響因素，討論了我國中小科技企業技術股權激勵的方式，分析它們在激勵中的優勢和不足，以及它們之間的區別與聯系，並對中小科技企業實施技術股權激勵的必要性和意義進行了探討。在文中還重點討論了中小科技企業技術股權分配的策略，介紹了技術股權紅利分配方式，指出在技術股權激勵過程中應注意的問題，並提出相應的解決辦法，目的在於充分利用技術股權分配機制，來激發技術人員潛在的創新能力，激勵他們為企業作貢獻；第三部分著重探討了中小科技企業技術股份期權的方案設計，在激勵方面，按照技術期權獲受人的業績越突出特定的指標增長越快行權價越低獲利越多激勵效果越好的邏輯思路進行考慮；在參數設計方面，對技術期權計劃中激勵基金、授予和考核、行權價格等參數進行了詳細地分析設計，旨在減少技術期權激勵過程中的隨意性，為中小科技企業的規范化管理起到一定的指導和借鑒作用。
  11. Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources

    基於以上考慮，論文主要從以下幾方面對地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討：全面回顧了「可持續發展」概念的由來與演變，對國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評，並對「可持續發展」概念的科學內涵進行了深入探討；對涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的概念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述，對目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀點和混亂認識提出了自己的見解；全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義，並與傳統的地下水資源計算評價方法進行了對比分析，結合實例具體說明了方法的應用；深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工作的極端重要性和復雜性，對傳統的地下水資源動態預測方法進行了全面的評述，指出了各類預測預報方法的特點及適用條件，對最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方法及其應用范圍，以及號稱第五代計算機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹，並應用於地下水動態過程線的分析，採用時間序列中的b ? j法，蒙特卡羅方法，與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合，探討了地下水動態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路；綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特點及缺陷，將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調度，使模型更準確、更實用；對保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析，內部河海人學博卜學位論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀，科學的資源計算與評價方法，可靠的資源預測預報技術，可操作的資源管理措施，外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策法規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高度審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。
  12. The first, review gu qiaoying ' s growing up process from four aspects which are the accumulation of knowledge and the rudiment of speciality sense, the exploration of the idea " teaching and learning vividly " and the forming of teaching style, the maturing of educational ideas and the sublimation of speciality charm. the second, on the base of striving to comprehend gu qiaoying ' s educational ideas connotation, make a theoretical carding and interpretation on her " teaching and learning vividly " idea from three aspects which are the " dead " teaching material taught by " living " person, teaching vividly in order to learn vividly and teaching " biology " as " biology ". the third, make a systematic induction and summary on gu qiaoying ' s biology teaching reform and practice on her lesson preparation, conception teaching, experiment teaching, extracurricular scientific and technological activities teaching, elicitation method of teaching, object teaching, fostering students " learning interest and the capacity of problem solving

    第一部分，對顧巧英的專業成長過程，從知能的積累與專業意識的萌芽、生物學教學的適應與職業意識的確立、 「教活學活」的探索與教學風格的形成、教育思想的成熟與專業魅力的升華四個方面進行了評介；第二部分，在力求體悟顧巧英教育思想內涵的基礎上，從「死」教材「活」人教、教「活」是為了學「活」 、把「生物學」教成「生物學」三方面對其「教活學活」思想進行了理論梳理和闡釋；第三部分，對顧巧英的備課、概念教學、實驗教學、課外科技活動教學、啟發式教學、直觀教學、對學生學習興趣與問題解決能力的培養等生物學教學改革與實踐進行了較系統地歸納與總結；第四部分，對影響顧巧英專業發展的主要因素，從其人格力量、專業知能基礎、專業發展的社會環境等方面對進行了理論分析；第五部分，在以上研究的基礎上，進一步指出了顧巧英教育思想對我國生物學教學論課程建設及其專業發展與教學經驗對我國中學生物學師資培養的理論和實踐意義。
  13. The pandect introduces the concept, developing history, characteristic, overall analysis system, nursing character and emergency room foundation of emergency of integrated traditional and western medicine

    總論主要介紹中西醫結合急診學的概念、源流，特點，辨證體系，護理特點及急診科（室）建設等。
  14. In addition to basic courses such as general psychology, introduction to statistics and research methods, the courses can be grouped into four concentration areas, namely, cognitive science, education and human development, social and industrial - organizational psychology, and psychology and health

    本系課程的范圍共計有四十餘項個別科目。而除了心理學概論，統計學，及研究方法等基礎科目外，其他研讀科目可略分為四大類：
  15. Part two briefly introduces the discussion about laws in the philosophy of science, and mainly analyses its logic and its difficulties

    第一章梳理科學哲學中討論規律概念的典型思路，摸清其邏輯進程及其存在的困難。
  16. In addition to the required courses in emergency and critical care medicine, the institute offers a wide range of courses, including instrumental analysis, epidemiology and biostatistics, general immunology, molecular cell biology, advanced emergency medicine, environmental emergency medicine, infectious disease, traumatology, toxicology, bioethics in critical care, seminar, organ transplantation, medical economics, animal models and technology of medical researches, physiological signal processing, pediatric emergency and critical medicine, geriatric emergency and critical medicine, emergency and critical medicine in obstetrics and gynecology, thesis preparation, symposium, etc

    本所目前的課程除了必修的進階急診醫學及進階重癥醫學外，尚有選修的儀器分析臨床流行病學概論及生物統計免疫學概論細胞分子生物學進階急診醫學環境急癥醫學感染學外傷學毒物學重癥生命倫理學器官移植醫療經濟學醫學研究動物模式與技術生理訊號分析兒童急重癥醫學老人急重癥醫學婦產科急重癥醫學論文撰寫專題討論等。
  17. The development and progress in the theory and practice of wpcm for international and domestic engineering projects are comprehensively summarized as well. the technique of wpcm for engineering projects is analyzed. an essential model for the technique of the activity and process - based cost management is proposed by using the principles of the activity - based costing and management

    本文首先全面闡述了工程項目全過程造價管理的概念、最新發展、研究現狀與學科前沿，同時對國際、國內工程項目全過程造價管理的理論與實踐的發展變化進行全面的總結和概括，提出了工程項目全過程造價管理中的問題，全面分析了工程項目全過程造價管理方法的技術方法，運用基於活動的造價（成本）核算原理和基於活動的管理原理建立了工程項目與全過程造價管理技術方法的基本模型。
  18. The hi - technology company where resource fast mobile and combined, life cycle of the product or price change are half of year or a few months, it require all the elements including cash and technology, vendor ， manufacturers and customers, should combine quickly and the product r & d period form lab to market should be short then the company can get opportunity win the competition all of those need the company deploy the supply chain to response the market demand quickly this article study scm deployment of the maipu communication company using scm theory study the scm current status and analyze the virtual manufacture of cisco, integrated scm system of huawei technology focus on the maipu current status, research the strength, weakness, opportunity and threat. analyze the issues including the demand plan, supply chain integration and strategy combine, product design, information technology and mis. base on this, submitting the resolution to the demand plane restructure, supply vendor estimation and the supply issue during r & d, also provide the selection of scm products for maipu, those research is valuable for other hi - technology companies

    論文從供應鏈管理的概念出發，研究了國內外供應鏈管理的現狀，同時結合高科技企業的特點，重點分析研究了美國思科公司的虛擬製造和我國華為技術公司的集成供應鏈系統。論文根據這些公司實施供應鏈管理的經驗和供應鏈管理的發展趨勢，分析了mp公司供應鏈管理的現狀和存在的問題，對mp公司內外部環境進行了swot分析。隨后針對mp公司的特點，重點研究了供應鏈管理中的需求計劃、供應鏈集成和戰略結伴、基於產品的供應鏈設計、信息技術和決策支持系統等問題。
  19. A model of the system of the irm on the internet business is constructed and some suggestions are put forward in chapter 4 to chapter 6. the main contents of each chapter are as following. as introductory remarks, chapter 1 discusses the background and foundation of the subject selection, and relates the purposes, significance and innovation of the dissertation ; based on the study of fundamental theory of the irm, chapter 2 discusses the concept and characteristics of the irm on the internet business ; chapter 3 advances a theory that the irm on the internet business is a sub - subject of irm based on the theory of information sciences, irm, knowledge management and networks economics, etc. ; hi chapter 4, the types of the ir on the internet business are distinguished, and the distribution of them in the main financial websites is discussed, centering on the structure and characteristics of financial information resources on the internet, and evaluation of the ir on the internet business ; in chapter 5, the structure of the ir of three financial websites, including the dowj ones financial website, the forbes financial website and the homeway financial website are reviewed, and the development of the chinese financial websites ( companies ) is studied ; chapter 6 gives out a model of constructing a system of the irm on the internet business and put forward

    各部分的主要內容如下：第1章作為導論部分討論了論文選題的背景和依據，並對本文的研究的目的、意義以及創新點等進行了闡述；第2章在總結信息資源管理的基礎理論研究的基礎上，探討了網路商務信息資源管理的概念和特徵；第3章以網路信息資源管理活動為出發點，提出網路商務信息資源管理是在信息科學、信息資源管理、知識管理和網路經濟學等學科理論的基礎上形成的信息資源管理中的分支學科；第4章對網路商務信息資源的類型進行了劃分，討論了各種類型信息資源在主要財經網站上的分佈，重點討論了網路財經信息資源的構成和特徵，對網路商務信息資源的評價也進行了研究；第5章是在前面的理論研究的基礎上，對道瓊斯、福布斯和和訊等3個財經網站的信息資源結構進行了考察，討論了各網站的資源特點，對中國財經網站的發展進行了思考和研究；第6章主要是對網路商務信息資源管理的實踐提出了建議和構思，其中給出了網路商務信息資源管理的構建模型。
  20. The appearance of dss in the age of 1970 pushes the decision - making theories into a new developing peak and becomes a new computer - based information systems management tool in the field of systems engineering, management science and ai, which is always used to tackle semi - structural and non - structural information systems decision - making problem

    70年代決策支持系統概念的提出將決策理論推向了一個新的發展高潮，已經成為用於管理的一種新型計算機信息系統並已發展成為系統工程、管理科學以及人工智慧等領域十分活躍的研究課題，常用於解決半結構化和非結構化的復雜信息系統決策問題。
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