理論成本標準 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [lǐlúnchéngběnbiāozhǔn]
理論成本標準 英文
theoretic cost standard
  • 理 : Ⅰ名詞1 （物質組織的條紋） texture; grain （in wood skin etc ） 2 （道理;事理） reason; logic; tru...
  • 論 : 論名詞（記錄孔子及其門徒的言行的「論語」） the analects of confucius
  • 成 : Ⅰ動詞1 （完成; 成功） accomplish; succeed 2 （成為; 變為） become; turn into 3 （成全） help comp...
  • 本 : i 名詞1 （草木的莖或根）stem or root of plants 2 （事物的根源）foundation; origin; basis 3 （本錢...
  • 標 : Ⅰ名詞1 [書面語] （樹梢） treetop; the tip of a tree2 （枝節或表面） symptom; outside appearance; ...
  • 準 : Ⅰ名詞1 （標準） standard; guideline; criterion; norm 2 （目標） aim; target Ⅱ動詞1 （依據; 依照）...
  • 理論 : theory
  • 標準 : （衡量事物的準則; 榜樣; 規范） standard; criterion; benchmark; pip; rule; ètalon （衡器）; merits
  1. In reference to the practical changes in the deregulated markets of the advanced countries in the area of europe, america and asia and the countermeasures of the countries, combing with the problems encountered in the marketing and sales practice of the panzhihua brach of sinopec, the paper applies the swot analysis method, rationally analyzes the outside environment and inside conditions. according to the characterizes of gasoline resources, and the market situation after it transformed from the monopolistic style of planning economy to the monopolistic competition style, the paper also analyze the strengths and weakness of the industry brought by the forthcoming event of the permission of the wholesales market of gasoline. based on the above analysis, the paper posits the marketing strategic objectives and measures as follows : ensuring the management of suppliers, adding the retail and direct sales network, improving operating qualities, making the customer relationship management and realizing the multi - benefits of company and customers

    本文在營銷理論的基礎上，通過親身經歷，調查了解，深入研究了成品油在國際、國內市場中過去、現在的市場狀況和發展歷程，參考國際上歐美及亞洲發達國家先期放開成品油管制後市場的實際變化和應對措施，以及結合中石化攀枝花公司營銷工作中存在的問題，理性分析營銷外部環境和內部條件，運用swot分析法，根據成品油能源特點，就成品油市場從計劃經濟的壟斷形式轉向目前國際國內市場競爭的壟斷性競爭的形式后，對成品油批發市場即將準入后的優劣、利弊進行了分析和研究，提出了「作好供應商管理，增加零售和直銷網路、提高經營質量，充分做好客戶關系管理，實現公司和客戶共同成長」的營銷戰略目標和戰略措施。
  2. On the basis of reviewing history and comparative study, this paper examines the system of trial by default in our country ; at the same time using foreign experiences for reference, combines the specific situations in our judicial practice, then raises a tentative idea to reconstruct the system of trial by default in our country : to build a system of trial by default making the doctrine of ex parte debate as main part and doctrine of trial by default as supplement part ; at the same time to perfect the legislative stipulations on standards of default determination, procedural applications and remedies of trial by ex parte debate and trial by default, examinations of evidence in trial by default, in pursuit of forming an intact system structure, giving full play to the functions of system of trial by default and fulfilling the value target of civil proceedings

    因此，加強對我國缺席審判制度的研究，具有重要的理論和實踐價值。本文在歷史回顧和比較研究的基礎上，對我國的缺席審判制度進行了審視；同時借鑒國外的經驗，並結合我國司法實踐的具體情況，提出了重構我國缺席審判制度的設想：建立一種以一方辯論主義為主體，缺席判決主義為補充的缺席審判制度；同時完善缺席的認定標準、一方辯論判決與缺席判決程序的適用與救濟、缺席審判中的證據審查等方面的立法規定，以形成一個完整的制度體系，充分發揮缺席審判制度的功能，實現民事訴訟的價值目標。
  3. The third part of this article mainly discusses the causal relationship in market manipulation, which is a block of the enforcement of the law against market fraudulences. because market manipulation is a kind of special tort, the author agree on the use of the " proof to the contrary " theory to lighten the proof burden of the damaged party in causal relationship. besides, this part also discusses such issues as how to decide the scope of legal plaintiffs, how to assess the losses of the damaged party

    本文第三部分「操縱市場的因果關系研究」從民法一般的因果關系理論入手，並結合操縱市場的侵權行為中因果關系的特殊性，論述了操縱市場的侵權行為中因果關系是否成立的判斷標準，並主張對因果關系在民事訴訟中舉證責任的分配應突破「法律要件分類說」的要求，適用因果關系舉證責任倒置的做法，即由操縱市場案件中的被告負擔證明責任成立因果關系不成立的舉證責任，否則即推定因果關系成立。
  4. The chapter builds up the imputable liability system for chinese securities laws within the framework of the continental law theory, through the comparison and analysis of the duty of care criterion established for the behavior of misrepresentation by relevant securities statutes and cases in the u. s. the u. s. practices adopt different duties of care including scienter, negligence and strict liability against misrepresentation under different circumstances

    本章以美國證券成文法與判例法對虛假陳述行為設定的注意標準為借鑒，按照大陸法理論框架構建我國證券法關于虛假陳述的歸責體系。針對各種不同的虛假陳述行為，美國採用了包括欺詐、過失和嚴格責任等多種注意標準的歸責體制。
  5. This thesis, centered on the stylistic value of fiction, expounds upon the relationship between linguistic form and the thematic significance and literary effects of literary works and, by comparing four different chinese versions of the awakening on such aspects as lexical level, syntactic level, focalization and mode of speech representation, aims to demonstrate that although stylistic analysis based on linguistic form has firstly done in poetry, it also works well in prose fiction

    本文在吸收他人研究成果的基礎上對兩版本物理實驗教材進行深入研究，主要包括如下內容： 1課程組織和課程改革與發展的趨勢現代課程理論指出：課程組織有其相應的基本標準，分為水平組織的標準和垂直組織的標準兩部分。水平組織的基本標準為整合性，垂直組織的標準主要包括連續性和順序性。
  6. It explains tha the mity - based w system is a new methed and way for wtving cost hnt system of the modem enterprises ds having analsed in thcory and proved in praedce. it has irnportan meanin for reducing enwise cost and boving it ' s pidducs comive power. it also has consderable reference value to ghde cost management and cost control of chinse sepot enterprises

    通過理論分析和實踐中檢驗說明了作業標準成本制度是現代企業改進現有成本管理制度的?種新的方法和出路，對降低企業成本和提高產品市場競爭力具有特別重要的意義，對指導我國離散型製造企業在新的製造環境下的成本管理和成本控制具有較大的參考價值。
  7. Based on it, we try to establish a dynamic maintaining system of fundamental theory, this system includes three monotypes as follows : rules and regulations ( the lowest appraising standard ), professional standard ( realistic appraising standard ), society expectation ( the highest appraising standard )

    本文首先以獨立審計目標基本理論作為建立獨立審計質量衡量標準體系的理論基礎，在審計目標理論這一構建基礎上，建立一個互動的基礎理論支撐體系。該體系由三個因子所組成：法規制度、社會期望和職業標準。
  8. 0. 2 the purples of choosing the topic this thesis aims to the present problems which are existing in the traditional examination method on the construction units ( bidders ) during the invitation of bids it is expected to apply such mathematics methods as fuzzy comprehensive assessment, so as to research the quantitative standards for the pre - examination about qualification and the tenders, assessment and the specific, practical method of their pertains, during the invitation of bids and tenders thus, the market for the invitation of bids and tenders be regulated, and the procedure for the predomination and tenders assessment would be more scientific and operative

    2本論文選題的目的本論文旨在針對目前施工招投標實踐中傳統的考察施工單位的方法所存在問題，擬通過模糊綜合評判等數學方法，研究工程施工招投標中資格預審和評標中的量化標準以及具體實用的操作方法。以規范招投標市場，並使招投標初審和評標過程更具科學性和可操作性。本課題的研究成果將對我國工程招投標量化管理工作有很強的實用價值。
  9. The thesis takes core family as the object of study, starting with the basic theory of architecture, using the method of architectural programming, combining the other research, according to the results of dwelling conditions on - the - spot investigation, it then discusses the life character, life style, and dwelling requirement existing in core family. specially, it discusses the design according, the standard of scale, the ubiety of space and the tendency of dwelling space design about bed room, living room, kitchen and repast space. it also discusses the usable area and the space organize pattern of the dwelling size, emphasizes the economy, applicability and uncertainty of dwelling space

    本文以核心家庭（夫婦+ 1個孩子）為研究對象，從建築學的基本理論出發，運用建築計劃學的研究方法，在研究、分析了大量國內外相關文獻資料並進行一定實際調研的基礎上，結合其他相關理論和已有的研究成果，分析闡述了當前核心家庭的生活特點、生活方式和居住需求，重點探討了臥室、起居空間、廚房、就餐空間的設計依據、量化標準、空間位置關系以及空間設計的發展趨勢，並對住宅套型空間的面積指標、組織模式進行了分析探討，強調了居住空間的經濟性、適用性和模糊性，通過優秀的實例、設計、改造對結論進一步驗證。
  10. The first part of this thesis researches related theories on service quality management, and discusses the meaning of service quality, fundamental standards of experiencing service, factors of service quality, as well as the meaning and methods of service product improvable design

    本文第一部分研究了服務質量管理的相關理論，闡述了服務質量的含義、感受服務的基本標準、服務質量的構成要素、服務產品改善性設計的概念及其四川大學2001級mba學位論文方法。
  11. Second, it do research on the theory of quality of service, such as intserv and diffserv module, qos protocols, qos array techniques and qos architecture. third, based on the current techniques as j2ee, wfe and xml, an architecture of a pbnm system using ejb and wfe is presented. forth, it is discussed for some key components in pbnm domain, such as qos information module, policy based metwork management framework and the relations among components fifth, it designed the relations and communication interface between pbnms and other oss modules, and elaborated a strategy of building a distributed object information model and discussed its specific implementation, and implement the policy hierarchy using domain

    本文的主要研究工作和成果如下：分析了傳統的網路管理技術和發展歷程，對網路管理的國際標準cmip 、 tmn 、 snmp和cops等及網路管理的功能進行了討論；對服務質量（ qualityofservice ， qos ）中的主要理論，如intserv和diffserv服務模型、 qos協議、 qos隊列技術、 qos體系結構進行了探討；基於當今的流行技術j2ee 、 wfe 、 xml ，提出並設計了以ejb wfe框架構築的策略管理體系結構；討論了基於策略的網路管理（ pbnm ）中的若干關鍵技術問題，如策略信息模型、策略網路的系統構架及組件間的交互關系；設計了基於策略的網路管理系統（ policybasednetworkmanagementsystem ， pbnms ）與運營支撐系統（ operationsupportsystem ， oss ）各模塊間的關系和通信介面，運用分佈對象技術建立網管信息模型，運用域進行策略的等級管理；討論了策略服務器（ pdp ）和策略實施點（ pep ）的工作流程，採用關系數據庫進行策略的存儲，設計並實現了策略數據庫、策略服務器（ pdp ） 。
  12. Therefore, the main subject of this research is to discuss the application of all - around cost management through the full process control, which consists of three parts : feed - forward control, which seeks to anticipate the cost movement ; process control which sets down cost standards and cost planning in order to limit the cost payout

    因此本文主要是通過成本的全過程式控制制來論述全面成本管理的實際應用，其主要內容包括三個部分：前饋控制旨在預測成本變動的方向；過程式控制制通過制定成本標準和成本計劃，限定成本的支出；反饋控制通過分析實際成本與成本計劃的差異，分析和調查原因，以找到降低成本的方法。
  13. The research methods and principles are as follows : taking the marxism materialism as the instruction ; combining theories with the practice ; and taking the practice as the only standard to examine the truth ; combining the world with china ; checking china ’ s socialist construction achievement and the fault in view of the entire universal socialism movement ; paying attention to the general analysis of motive and the objective effect ; trying best to grasp the truth underground ; paying attention to the combination of history inspection and contemporary perspective ; following the historical principles and at the same time reflecting deeply to the history at the view of socialism rules

    本文的研究方法和遵循的原則:以馬克思主義唯物史觀為指導，注意理論和實踐相結合，實踐是檢驗真理的根本標準;注意將世界和中國相結合，置中國社會主義建設的成就與失誤于整個世界社會主義運動的大視野下去考察;注意動機與客觀效果的綜合分析，盡力真實地把握歷史人物與事件背後的真相;注意歷史的考察與當代現實觀照相結合，既遵循歷史主義的原則，同時又站在當代人對社會主義規律所能把握的高度對歷史進行深刻的反思。
  14. In the angle of economics, this paper firstly analyzes the present flow situation and main problems in existence of our military science and technology human resource, and then analyzes flow and equilibrium of supply and demand from three aspects of the quantity 、 structural and behavior ; systematically describes individual decision and unit decision of military science and technology human resource on the angle of cost and profit, reaches the conclusion that in the flowing process, we should strengthen individual ’ s autonomous right properly, establish “ the leading type of armed forces ” human resource disposition mechanism ; in succession this paper has not only put forward the basic standard of the reasonable flow of the military science and technology human resource ? the effectiveness of combat, but also explained it carefully from flow quantity, flow direction and structure, established optimum floating rate ; finally, having based on the conclusion, the paper puts forward four mechanisms ? fetching in person and brains, inner flow, encouragement restraint and reserving brains in outflow mechanisms that promote our military science and technology human resource to flow reasonably

    本文立足經濟學的角度，在分析軍事科技人力資源流動現狀與存在問題的基礎上，從數量、結構、行為三方面分析了軍事科技人力資源流動中的供求均衡;從成本收益角度系統描述了軍事科技人力資源的個人決策和單位決策，得出了在我軍科技人力資源的流動過程中應該適當加強個人的流動自主權，建立「軍隊導向型」人力資源配置機制的結論;接著本文不僅提出了軍事科技人力資源合理流動的根本標準?戰鬥力效用，而且從流量、流向和結構上進行了細化，確立了最優的流動率;最後，本文提出了促進我軍科技人力資源合理流動的四大機制:引人引智機制、內部流動機制、激勵約束機制和淘汰退出機制。
  15. The main contents in this thesis are as following : 1. the feedback control model of structure - acoustic system is established and brought into ‘ standard control framework ’. 2

    本文取得的主要新成果有: 1 .建立了結構振動聲輻射反饋控制模型，並將其納入控制理論中的「標準控制框架」 。
  16. Institutional economics is its basic theoretical clue. the institutional approach includes : transaction cost is a basic view for housing finance institutions and a certain institution follows the principle of minimum transaction cost ; financial deepenness and financial function theories are important ways to understand housing finance institution ; a systematic institutional structure of housing finance comes from the interaction of social economy, culture and politics, and institutional bundling and embeddedness are common forms ; financial structure theory is a forceful quantitative way to analyses housing finance institutions ; minimization of transaction cost is the basic motivation for institutional transformation, and the basic ways are forced transformation and induced transformation ; equity and efficiency are basic criteria for evaluating housing finance institutions, which may implement through certain institutions while government acts as leverage between equity and efficiency. ( 2 ) multiformality and transformation of housing finance

    制度經濟學是基本的理論線索，制度分析範式包括如下方面：交易成本是考察住房金融制度的基本視角，特定的住房制度安排遵循約束條件交易成本最小化原則；金融深化和金融功能理論是理解特定住房金融制度安排的重要輔助方法；整體性住房金融制度結構的形成是包括社會經濟、文化、政治等各類制度在內互相影響、平衡的產物，制度捆綁和制度嵌入是常見的形式；金融結構方法是用制度分析方法解釋住房金融制度的有力的定量分析工具；住房金融制度變遷的基本動因是交易成本最小化（外部收益內部化） ，變遷的基本方式是強制性變遷和誘致性變遷；公平和效率是住房金融制度評價的基本標準，公平和效率通過一定的制度安排可以同時實現，政府在住房金融制度中起著平衡公平和效率的杠桿作用。
  17. Based on analyzing the information system of agricultural soil - water engineering science, one taxonomy according with net - intercommunion is put forward in which agricultural soil - water engineering science is divided into many parts : latest news, subject building, science articles, science units, science fruits, standards and laws, journals and magazines, famous specialist, popular science knowledge, relational link, etc. net - intercommunion ways such as forum on - line bbs, mail - list, index on - line are used in dealing with agricultural soil - water engineering science information

    本網站通過對農業水土工程學科信息體系的分析，提出了適應網路化信息傳播的分類方法，將農業水土工程學科分為最新新聞、學科建設、科技文獻、科研院所、科技成果、標準法規、學報雜志、知名專家、科普園地、相關鏈接等幾大版塊，並將網上常用的信息交流手段論壇bbs 、郵件列表、查詢檢索等引入農業水土工程信息處理。
  18. Based on morden theories of cost control, this article investigate the going cost control system of qiyuan corporation, analying its potential problems, then give a new design of qiyuan cost control system. with the problem of defect system, lack of scientist and continuity, and illegal accounting, this article give a new way to carry out cost control with the cooperation of competition stimulation3decision - marking and so on, then portray the whole play of cost control system. material buymg, mventory, manufacture and sales are most important parts of cost control system, and first two of them are illustrated in part four, others are illustrated in part five. in part four, the article demonstrate main problem of material buying and inventory, suggestmg that it is useful to perfect the system of hierarchy in the process ofmaterial and intentary cost control. in part five, the article illustrate the manufacture and sales cost control. the author suggests that qiyuan corporation should control its environmental cost and cost control system should focus on avoidable account and stimulation of salesmen

    本文對啟元藥業采購和存貨成本控制過程進行設計，提出了采購和存貨成本的管理重點，並根據采購和存貨在經營過程中的聯系，對其成本控制過程中的控制制度加以完善。以目標成本法為理論背景，對啟元藥業生產和營銷環節的成本控制體系進行設計，強調在生產成本控制中以標準成本為準繩進行嚴格考核，並提出進行環境成本的管理，營銷環節成本控制重點集中在銷售標準的制定、考核、銷售人員的激勵以及加強應收賬款的管理等問題上。最後，本文提出在啟元藥業進行成本控制應以人為本，做好企業基礎性管理工作，並實施內部牽制，以促進成本管理的效果。
  19. Meanwhile, with the intercross and penetration of different knowledge, wavelet theory has applied to many other fields successfully. for example, in the video coding, with the multiresolutional nature of wavelet analysis, three dimensional wavelet video coding has been shown to be competitive with standard coders. although 3 - d wavelet video coder usually require a larger buffer and incur a longer delay than standard coders, an important feature of the 3 - d wavelet approach is the support of scalabilities in the compressed video

    同時，隨著各門學科間的相互交叉與滲透，使得小波理論成功地在許多領域得到了廣泛的應用。例如，在視頻方面，由於小波本身的多解析度的數據結構為支持可伸縮編碼提供了一個良好條件，所以與標準視頻編碼相比，小波編碼方法具有更大的發展前景。
  20. In the paper, some key techniques which are dealt with in the system implement have been discussed, such as the principle of video encoding and compressing, mpeg compressing standard, the principle of streaming media, realtime transport protocol ( rtf ), real - time transport control protocol ( rtcp ), real time streaming protocol ( rtsp ), the network architecture ; the technique of ethernet and the programming technique of realization of network communication, etc. based on the above key techniques, a simple, valid and inexpensive solution to rebuild existent traditional surveillance system is supplied in this dissertation

    本文分析了現有模擬監控系統的優缺點，重點討論了視頻編碼壓縮原理， mpeg壓縮標準，流媒體技術原理，實時傳輸協議rtp ，實時傳輸控制協議rtcp ，實時流協議rtsp ，網路體系結構，以太網技術和網路通信編程技術等系統實現過程中所涉及的關鍵技術。基於上述關鍵技術，本文提出了傳統視頻監控系統的數字化和網路化改造的一種簡單可行且成本低廉的解決方案。
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