瓶頸形 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [píngjǐngxíng]
瓶頸形 英文
bottleneckbottlenecked
  • 瓶 : 1. （瓶子） bottle; vase; jar; flask 2. （姓氏） a surname
  • 頸 : 頸名詞（頸項, 脖子） neck
  • 瓶頸 : bottleneck瓶頸形 bottleneck; bottlenecked
  1. Laboratory glassware - bottles - conical neck bottles

    實驗室玻璃器皿.瓶.錐形頸瓶
  2. Phbv will degrade at the processing temperature, which is much lower than its acute thermal degradation temperature. as the material for chemical fiber, phbv shows some special properties. when it was spun, the as - spun fiber was elastic and finally it would turn to be rigid

    作為化學纖維的原料，此類材料的初生纖維在固體狀態表現出的由彈性行為為主向塑性行為為主的轉變直至最後表現為剛性體特徵，直接影響著此類纖維的成形加工過程，成為其進一步發展的瓶頸障礙。
  3. Nanjing is one of the four famous ancient capitals, and the well - known tourism city in the china. however the development of tourism is delayed in nanjing. the nanjing city tourism has disadvantages that the drumbeating means is not good enough, and the tourism lacks the unified corporate identity system, while many cities try their best in marketing of tourism

    南京是我國著名「四大古都」之一，是著名的旅遊城市，然而目前旅遊業的發展已經遭遇瓶頸，宣傳手段不充分，沒有統一的形象訴求，在國內外各城市紛紛加大營銷力度的同時，明顯處於劣勢。
  4. Step - nc ( iso14649 ) expends step into the area of cnc and renews the data interface between cax and cnc, which helps cnc system to use data models of products in three dimensions according with step directly in order to output nc programs then control machines directly, eliminate choke points of the information stream between cax, such as cad, capp, cam, cae, ped, erp and so on, connect the design product information and manufacturing product information on the base of step in the form of object - orientation, and change the traditional movement and switch control - orientation numerical programs into object - orientation programs

    Step - nc （ iso14649 ）將step擴展至cnc領域，重新規定了cax與cnc之間的介面，其目的是: cnc系統能夠直接使用符合step標準的cad三維產品數據模型，直接產生加工程序來控制機床;在step的基礎上以面向對象的形式將產品的設計信息與製造信息聯系起來，消除cax （如cad 、 capp 、 cam 、 cae 、 ped 、 erp等）與數控系統之間信息流瓶頸;將傳統的面向運動和開關控制的數控程序改變為直接面向加工對象的數控程序。
  5. In the course of western development, it must have a lot of fund to exploit water and electricity, oil coalfield, colour metal, to build basic establishment. but the fund is very short, because the western area is located in a bad geographical place, and it is bchindhandly developed in history. so the western area is in the financial state of bottle - neck

    在西部大開發過程中，水電、油氣、煤炭、有色金屬等資源的開發以及基礎設施的建設，需要大量的建設資金，但由於西部地區所處的地理位置以及歷史發展等多方面的原因，所需資金嚴重不足，形成了金融的「瓶頸」制約狀況；為了有效地解決資金的供需矛盾，本文提出採用項目融資的方式解決這一問題。
  6. The paper give brief introduction of scientific and technological news present condition in our country ; give macroscopic microscopic analysis toward the favorable background and develop restrain of scientific and technological news. we believe that comparing with economic. sports, and society news. scientific and technological news has subject. customer and society obstacle in the profession work. scientific spirits is its soul. which is our means to achieve edifying effect and make science of social, straightaway is its life. which can help us to achieve the effect of the communicate and make society of science. this paper also analyses and discusses how to achieve scientific. spirit and popular spirit of scientific and technological news on such opposite aspect of theory and practice, macroscopical and microcosmic. content and form

    本文簡述了我國科技新聞的現狀，對科技新聞的受寵的時代背景及發展瓶頸進行宏觀與微觀的分析，認為科技新聞與政治新聞、體育新聞、經濟新聞相比，在采寫編評等各個方面存在著諸多障礙。著重論證了「科學性」是科技新聞的靈魂（或稱第一生命） ，只有實現「科學性」 ，才能更好地實現教化作用，從而實現社會的科學化； 「通俗性」是科技新聞的第二生命，只有實現「通俗性」 ，才能更好地實現傳播效果，從而實現科學的社會化，兩者相互聯系，互為促進。並就如何實現科技新聞的科學性與通俗性，作了虛與實、微觀與宏觀、內容與形式等方面的分析與探討。
  7. In economics, the higher school logistics socialization is to put the higher school rear service into the socialist market economy system, socialize the service body, changing self - service into social service through further reform ; commercialize the service fruits, changing service without teward into one with reward ; market the service ways, changing the direct service into indirect one, to thoroughly changethe condition that higher school ran society under the planned economy, overwhelm the bottle neck of higher school development, and create conditions for our country ' s higher education to be better suited to our rapid development

    摘要從經濟學的角度來分析，高校後勤社會化就是將高校後勤服務納人社會主義市場經濟體系，通過深化改革逐步實現服務主體社會化，變自我服務為社會服務；服務成果商品化，變無償服務為等價有償服務；服務方式市場化，變直接服務為間接服務，從根本上改變計劃經濟條件下形成的「高校辦社會」的狀況，克服高校發展的體制「瓶頸」 ，為高等教育更好地適應我國快速發展的社會經濟創造條件。
  8. Abstract : biological invasions are a continuous feature of a non - equilibrium world, ever more so as a result of accidental and deliberate introductions by mankind. while many of these introductions are apparently harmless, others have significant consequences for organisms native to the invaded range, and entire communities may be affected. here we provide a survey of common models of range expansion, and outline the consequences these models have for patterns in genetic diversity and population structure. we describe how patterns of genetic diversity at a range of markers can be used to infer invasion routes, and to reveal the roles of selection and drift in shaping population genetic patterns that accompany range expansion. we summarise a growing range of population genetic techniques that allow large changes in population size ( bottlenecks and population expansions ) to be inferred over a range of timescales. finally, we illustrate some of the approaches described using data for a suite of invasions by oak gallwasps ( hymenoptera, cynipidae, cynipini ) in europe. we show that over timescales ranging from 500 10000 years, allele frequency data for polymorphic allozymes reveal ( a ) a consistent loss of genetic diversity along invasion routes, confirming the role of glacial refugia as centres of genetic diversity over these timescales, and ( b ) that populations in the invaded range are more subdivided genetically than those in the native range of each species. this spatial variation in population structure may be the result of variation in the patchiness of resources exploited by gallwasps, particularly host oak plants

    文摘:生物入侵是不均衡世界的一個永恆話題，尤其是當人類有意或無意地引入物種后.很多引入顯然是無害的，但另外一些則有著嚴重的後果，會給入侵地的生物以至於整個生物群落造成影響.本文總結了分佈區擴張的常見模式，概述了它們對遺傳多樣性和種群結構式樣所造成的影響.描述了如何根據以一批遺傳標記所得到的遺傳多樣性式樣來推斷入侵途徑，來揭示伴隨擴張選擇和漂變在形成種群遺傳樣式中的作用.本文對日益增多的群體遺傳學方法進行了總結，這些技術可以用來在不同的時間尺度上推斷種群規模所發生的巨大變化（瓶頸效應及種群擴張） .最後，我們以歐洲櫟癭蜂（膜翅目，癭蜂科，癭蜂族）一系列入侵的數據為例對一些方法進行了說明.從500 10000年的時間尺度上，多態的等位酶位點上等位基因頻率的數據表明: 1 ）遺傳多樣性沿入侵路線呈不斷下降的趨勢，支持了冰河期避難所作為遺傳多樣性中心的作用; 2 ）入侵地區的種群與該物種原產地的種群相比，遺傳上的分化更為強烈.這種種群結構在空間上的變異可能是被櫟癭蜂開發的資源尤其是櫟樹寄主在斑塊上出現變異的反映
  9. However, people studied the riverway mainly by field survey and landform map contrast before. because of the limits of man ' s field view and complexity of field survey route, it is a difficult bottle neck for people to make synthetical analysis on geological structure, yangtze river shoal, floodplain, terrace, and microcosmic suspended load on macroscopical scale

    而以往的河道研究大多數是通過地面調查和地形圖室內對比分析來研究的（少數運用航片） ，由於受人的視域范圍及調查工作路線的布置的復雜度影響，對區域宏觀尺度下的地質構造、長江沙洲、漫灘、階地及河流微觀領域的懸浮物等作綜合性的研究便成為了瓶頸。
  10. During the production process, some production links with weak capacity will become a bottleneck to obstruct the full utilization of the other links

    摘要在產品的製造過程中，如果某些生產環節能力過于薄弱，將會形成瓶頸效應，阻礙其他部分生產能力的充分利用。
  11. Since the existed research has n ' t illuminated the failure form of post - embedded reinforcing steel bar bonding anchor and its mechanism, has n ' t systematic research on factors influencing the function of post - embedded reinforcing steel bar bonding anchor, and also failed to test on the long period validity of post - embedded reinforcing steel bar bonding anchor, it is very unfavorable for the spread and application of post - embedding technique. in the meantime, the fact that the present post - embedding anchoring material is of few kinds, high prices and still - to - be - improved performance has become the bottleneck of the post - embedding technique ' s development, which has restricted its further application and development. therefore, it is of great importance to develop a new type high - performance inorganic anchoring material with reasonable price and improved performance

    由於已有研究對后植鋼筋粘結錨固的失效形式、破壞機理未作出明確回答，對后植鋼筋粘結錨固性能的影響因素未進行系統研究，對后植鋼筋粘結錨固的長期有效性未予以試驗證實，不利於植筋技術這種新型結構加固技術的推廣應用，同時現有植筋錨固材料存在品種少、價格高、性能需要進一步改進和提高等局限性，已成為植筋技術發展的瓶頸，制約了植筋技術的進一步應用和發展，因此開發價格合理、性能優良的新型高性能無機質類錨固材料就顯得尤為重要和迫切。
  12. Compared with the existing rp methods using high energy density beams, the hpdm method solved the key problems of insufficient dimensional precision and surface quality caused by the step effect and no - supporting, and puts forward a new way to directly manufacture the difficult - to - machining materials parts with short - routine, low - cost and high quality

    該技術解決了現有高能束熔積成形技術因無支撐和臺階效應造成的尺寸精度和表面質量不高的瓶頸問題，是難加工材料零件短流程、低成本、高質量無模精確製造的新的有效加工方法。
  13. Why do such a new system give much help in poverty reduction in the developing countries ? this paper give us some new advice on micro - credit of our country by discussing the development processes of micro - credit worldwide and the practice of our country : 1 、 our institution of micro - credit should find enough public capital to make it better than the traditional institution that only relying on the state finance or donative capital, in one word, there is about 950 billion $ underground in our country. we should manage to attract so these capital to attend in poverty reduction, in another word, much capital that deposit in the post saving institution and the rural credit institution have outflow away the rural region because of lacking of investing channels

    本文主要在考察世界范圍內小額信貸的產生與發展過程，並從中汲取經驗，結合我國小額信貸的運作實踐，為我國的小額信貸的進一步擴展提出了一些新的看法:我國小額信貸必須突破現有的依靠捐助資金或財政補貼運作的單一資金渠道來源的運作方式，想方設法從民間獲得機構持續發展的必需資金，在我國，一方面存在著大量的地下金融活動，約有大約9500億元的資金，這是我們可以動員的資金，使它們參與到小額信貸中來，而另一方面，在我國由於缺乏正規的投資渠道，才會有如此巨大的資金存在於正規金融體制之外，而且，我國農村正規金融機構農村信用社，從農村吸收的儲蓄存款，由於難以在農村尋找合適的信貸項目，大量資金流出農村，郵政儲蓄機構同樣存在這樣的情況，這些都是農村發展中的資金瓶頸形成的因素。
  14. In this article, the author believes that japan is the target export market of cluft, while jinxi petrochemical company and jinzhou petrochemical company are the major rivals resulting from explaining the business of the company and its export situation along with the problems that exist in this respect, analyzing domestic business environment in the export of the petroleum coke including an account of the local petroleum coke export policy and export situation of the industry besides that of the major rivalry, analyzing the international environment covering also the international market structure, its salient points, the trend of market development and its behaviors. finally, the author briefs product policy, pricing policy, promotion policy and distribution policy in cluft ' s export of the petroleum coke. at present cluft should adjust product structure, guarantee product quality, strengthen after - sale service, maintain present price level, build up complete quote system as soon as possible, establish good public relations and suitable impelling system of the company, focus on end - user service, develop new customers and e - business to continuously eliminate the bottlenecks and create a more prosperous prospect in pet coke export

    通過闡述遼化聯貿公司企業概況及石油焦產品出口現狀和存在的問題；對國內經營環境包括國內石油焦產品出口政策、行業出口情況及國內競爭對手情況進行分析；對國際環境包括國際市場結構與特徵、國際市場發展趨勢及特徵等進行分析，作者最終確定了日本是遼化聯貿公司的目標市場，錦州石化分公司、錦西石化分公司是遼化聯貿公司的主要競爭對手，並提出在產品、價格、促銷及銷售渠道策略方面應採取調整產品結構、保證產品質量及加強售後服務；目前宜採取保價銷售的策略並應盡快形成完善的報價體系；建立良好的公共關系和激勵制度；著力做好終端銷售、大力開發新客戶等具體對策，從而不斷消除石油焦產品出口的「瓶頸」 ，創造遼化聯貿公司石油焦產品出口的新局面。
  15. This, on the one hand, greatly obstructs the automation, and on the other, makes it very hard for the green hand to master. as a result, the technique is now meeting with the problem of handing down. the key to the problem is to quantify in a pragmatic way the effect that different factors have on plate shaping

    隨著科技的發展，由於水火彎板加工的經驗性及手工操作，使得外板彎曲成形加工成為影響船體建造周期與實現自動化的瓶頸；而且隨著老工人的退休，而青年工人掌握這項工藝又需相當長的時間，導致水火彎板技術青黃不接的現象日趨嚴重。
  16. Locking a shared resource for exclusive access is a scalability bottleneck - it prevents other threads from being able to access that resource, even if idle processors are available to schedule those threads

    鎖住某個共享的資源以獲得獨占式的訪問這種做法會形成可伸縮性瓶頸它使其他線程不能訪問那個資源，即使有空閑的處理器可以調用那些線程也無濟於事。
  17. The theory of fdi holds that the developing host country can draw advanced technology and capital which its country lacks. utilizing international circulating resources can help our industry to stride across the bottleneck of the supply of the key element, to establish rapidly the industry which cannot be developed at the present, promote " the upgrading of the old industries of the host country, enhance the quality of the related industries " capital, transfer the comparatively inferior industry to the comparatively superior industry, to accelerate the u pgrading of the industrial structure. however, the effect of fdi on promoting the upgrading of the host country ' s industrial structure is decided by the height of the industrial development of the emigrating country, the industrial accepting ability of the host country and the industrial leading " ability formed by fdi ' s related effect

    外商直接投資理論認為通過引入外商直接投資，發展中東道國可以引入本國缺乏的先進技術和資本，利用國際流動資源幫助本國產業跨越原要素供給的瓶頸，迅速建立起現階段自身沒有能力發展的產業，推動東道國原產業的升級換代，提高東道國關聯產業存量資本和新形成資本的質量，使相對比較劣勢的產業向比較優勢的產業轉化，加速本國產業結構升級。但是外商直接投資促進東道國產業結構升級效應的高低則決定於產業轉移國的產業發展高度，東道國的產業接受能力和通過外商直接投資關聯效應形成產業帶動的能力。
  18. Having analyzed the developing state of cultural relic and museum career of wuhan, we found there is many things unfitted the situation. so we must reform and bring forth new ideas to opinion management and service in order to fit in with the consumption escalation, therefore we can improve the status and the image of wuhan as a large central city constantly

    從武漢市文博事業的發展現狀情況分析，還有諸多不適應形勢發展的瓶頸，必須通過深化改革、實施觀念創新、管理創新、服務創新，適應人們消費檔次的升級，不斷提升武漢市特大城市品位和形象。
  19. The old lo wu railway bridge and the lo wu old pedestrian bridge formed a serious bottleneck for flood flows. upon completion of the bridge work and improvement of the river section at lo wu in early 2004, the bottleneck at lo wu will be removed and the flooding risk upstream of lo wu can be reduced in time for the 2004 wet season

    他指出，現有的羅湖鐵路橋和羅湖舊行人橋形成嚴重的瓶頸地帶，這兩條橋的重建工程以及羅湖河段的改善工程於二四年年初完成後，羅湖的瓶頸地帶將會消失，而羅湖上游在二四年雨季的水浸風險亦將會減少。
  20. Mainly three parts are included in the paper, which are locating and ranking of bottleneck in road network, analyzing of bottleneck and improving of bottleneck respectively

    主要研究內容包括三個方面:路網中交通瓶頸的定位與排序，交通瓶頸分析方法，基於模擬的瓶頸形成原因分析與改善方法研究。
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