界限推理 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [jièxiàntuīlǐ]
界限推理 英文
parsimonious reasoning
  • 界 : 名詞1 （相交的地方; 劃分的界限） boundary 2 （一定的范圍） scope; extent 3 （按職業、工作或性別等...
  • 限 : Ⅰ名詞（指定的范圍; 限度） limit; bounds Ⅱ動詞（指定范圍, 不許超過） set a limit; limit; restrict
  • 推 : 動詞1 （向外用力使物體移動） push; shove 2 （磨或碾） turn a mill or grindstone; grind 3 （剪或削...
  • 理 : Ⅰ名詞1 （物質組織的條紋） texture; grain （in wood skin etc ） 2 （道理;事理） reason; logic; tru...
  • 界限 : 1 （分界） demarcation line; dividing line; limits; bounds; boundary; range; limitation 2 （限度...
  • 推理 : [邏輯學] inference; ratiocination; illation; reasoning; ratiocinate
  1. The paper studies the surface geometry of globoidal indexing cam by applying the theory of conjugate surfaces and the method of coordinate transformation, presents the equations related to the main inducement curvature of the cam profiles, analysis and deduces the equations of two circumscription curves, which judge if the conjugate surface could mesh properly. some calculate examples and conclusion are given. the surface equation of the globoidal cam and conjugate equation are established

    論文首先在分析空間嚙合原理基礎上，採用坐標變換法推導出弧面分度凸輪的工作廓面方程、嚙合方程和壓力角計算公式，對弧面分度凸輪的嚙合特性進行了深入的分析和研究，對判斷曲面能否正確嚙合的依據如兩類界限線方程以及誘導主曲率等進行推導，並給出算例。
  2. As long as such accidents do not occur because of mistakes on the part of sic, under conditions not against the law, ticket holders shall waive damage claims, demands or law suits against sic, china auto sports association, fia, foa, fom, sponsors of f1 world championship, the 2004 china grand prix, other companies designated by sic and organizers, operators and promoters

    只要該等事故非上海國際賽車場有限公司過錯造成，並且在不違背法律的前提下，持票觀眾同意放棄或免除對上海國際賽車場有限公司、中國汽車運動聯合會、國際汽車運動聯合會（ fia ） 、一級方程式賽車行政管理有限公司（ foa ） 、一級方程式賽車管理公司（ fom ） 、 f1世界錦標賽2004年中國大獎賽賽事贊助商、其他上海國際賽車場有限公司指定的公司以及所有參與組織，運作，推廣賽事的人員因事故所發生的損失、損害等提出任何請求或訴訟。
  3. The common characteristic of the traditional theories about the act researches is researching the concept of act in criminal law with the restrained thinking way of monism, i. e. onefold factual, onefold valued, or fact - value integrative methodology, which result in that it can not explain some especial act forms in the criminal laws, that it only explain those narrowly but can not withstand careful analysis, or that it only extends to explain all kinds of act forms, which does not accord with the daily thinking manners. this paper recognizes and redefines the concept of act in the research of the criminal law based on the suspicion and consideration of research methodology, in a fact - value segregative dualistic thinking way, in relation to analyse and comprehension of characteristic of some special act forms, such as " holding ", " omission "

    傳統的行為理論的研究都有這樣一個共同的特點，即局限於一元論的思維方式，以單純事實的，單純價值的，抑或事實? ?價值一體化的方法論，來研究刑法理論中的「行為」概念，結果導致要麼是無法解釋刑法上特殊的行為形式，要麼只是表面上牽強附會卻經不起深入推敲，要麼僅追求能有張力地解釋各種行為方式卻脫離了人們認識的思維習慣。本文正是基於對研究方法的質疑和反思，採用事實? ?價值分離的二元論思維方式，結合分析理解「持有」 、 「不作為」等刑法中特殊行為形式的特徵，重新認識和界定了刑法理論研究中的「行為」概念。
  4. In the same time, the essay also dicuss the concept of the organizing criminal, its constitutive character and criminal responsibility, and introduce detailedly the relative question to the organizing criminal theory, such as view fault, causal relationship, status, executing excess, criminal form and organizing crime. thus we can gain a rational ontology realication, thereby it will push forward the research of the organizing criminal theory to a new depth in china

    同時，該文還擬從組織犯概念和其構成特徵以及刑事責任等方面進行探討，並詳細介紹了認識錯誤、因果關系、身份、實行過限、犯罪形態、罪數形態以及組織型犯罪等與組織犯理論的相關問題，以期對組織犯有一個更理性的本體認識，從而旨在推動我國刑法學界對組織犯理論的研究向縱深發展。
  5. The calculation formula for control limit of double - side - restricted management chart based on 12 theory was derived, and a calculation example was given

    摘要根據基於12理論的雙側控制圖原理，推導出基於12理論的雙側控制圖控制界限的計算公式，並給出基於12理論控制圖的算例。
  6. According to eigenvalue equation ( general formula ) of the energy method of the plane steel frame structure stability, and considering the restriction of the end of the column of the main steel frame and function of deflection curve gained from the differential balance equation general resolution, we get the equation for calculating the length coefficient of the main frame structure stability of the steel arch gate and the resolutions are also given

    根據平面剛架穩定性能量法特徵值方程（通式） ，考慮弧形鋼閘門主框架柱的柱端約束的特殊情況，求出撓曲線函數（試解函數）通解，得到弧形鋼閘門主框架柱穩定性計算長度系數方程。其中弧門主框架主橫梁式形框架的臨界荷載比較現行規范推薦的有限元法簡單方便、結果精確及物理概念明確等優點。
  7. The numerical algorithm of solving the adjoint equations for different design cases have been developed by using finite volume methodology which is usually used to solve the flow governed equation. it includes the some important aspects, such as flux formulation, wall and far - field boundary treatment methodology, dissipative term formulation, etc. after the solution of the adjoint equations is obtained, the derivatives of the cost function with respect to all the design variables can be evaluated with the same operation. this can yields a significant saving over the other gradient - based techniques when there are many design variables

    （ 3 ）進行了應用控制理論和三維歐拉方程的機翼氣動反設計研究，以及有升力約束情形下機翼跨音速減阻問題研究，分別推導了相應的共軛方程及邊界條件數學表達形式，研究與發展了三維共軛方程的有限體積數值求解方法，及相應梯度公式的數值求解方法，通過對計算網格生成、流場計算、共軛方程數值求解、梯度求解和優化演算法等多方面的有效結合，成功發展了三維機翼的氣動反設計和跨音速減阻優化設計程序，成功地進行了多個設計算例研究。
  8. Though technically confined to practicing non - chinese law in a cross - border setting, many foreign law firms, generally at the behest of foreign corporations operating in china, have pushed into the frontiers of the practice restrictions

    雖然，理論上可以界定不包括中國法律事務的國際業務，但是，在華經營的外國律所已經推進到執業限制的前沿。
  9. Equations of mesh, shorting contact line, undercutting limit line, meshing limit lines and the existence conditions, angle between the direction of relative speed and the direction of contact line, induced normal curvature about every point on the contact line are established. moreover, the paper also theoretically analyzed the error of the grinded gear surface. on the basis of the theory, the computer program is worked out to automatically produce the contact line and the boundary curves of mesh. analysis of meshing circs under different parameters can be done so that we can gain the best process condition

    首先對漸開面二次包絡理論進行了深入的探討，推導出了兩次嚙合的嚙合方程式、瞬時接觸線方程式、根切界限線方程式、嚙合界限線的方程式及其存在條件，相對運動速度方向與接觸線方向的夾角及接觸線上各點的誘導法曲率；此外，還對磨齒后工件的齒面誤差進行了理論分析；並在理論基礎上編制了相應的計算機程序，自動生成接觸線族及嚙合界限線，對不同參數條件下的嚙合情況進行分析，可以使工藝條件達到最佳狀態；最後研究了磨齒裝置，設計了磨齒機的傳動系統。
  10. With the development of globalization and china ' s enter into wto, group enterprises will play important role in the approaching of our national economy to the world economy improving international market competence and strengthening national economy power. financial management system is a system trying to set the financial rights responsibility and benefit among the various financial management class. its core is how to allocate the financial power and solve the " cost " and " profit " of centralization and decentralization between mother enterprises and its affiliated enterprises. how to build a financial management system which is suitable for the enterprises group and make it operate effectively is a significant task concerning the survival and development to enterprises group

    隨著全球經濟一體化的加快推進和我國加入wto ，企業集團這種經濟聯合體形式對我國經濟走向世界、增強國際市場競爭力、提高國家綜合經濟實力將產生重要作用。企業集團財務管理體制是明確各財務管理層級的財務權限、責任和利益的制度，其核心是如何配置財務管理權限，主要是解決母子公司之間集權與分權的「成本」和「利益」的最優度的確定問題。構建適應企業集團發展需要的財務管理體制，使之有效運行，對企業集團的生存與發展具有重大意義。
  11. To meet the demand of the real teaching management in higher adult education credit system under massive education, an effective teaching management of information system which is based on the modle of c / s / s and b / s / s under the network of the internet and intranet sysytem has been talked about in this paper for the different needs on higher adult education teaching management in credit systems and designs. the states, the features, the goals and the schemes of the system have been discussed fully in this paper. the system requirements have been also analysed from all sides of the system which includes the student ' s status system, the teaching management system, the elective courses system, the examination system, the students " scores management system, the teaching material management system. the outlay system, the off - campus system, the achievement system and the web system etc. the system principles, the ways for the design and the functions in the total system design have also been demonstrated in details

    本文首先敘述了成人高等教育學分制教學管理系統的現狀、特點以及系統設計的總體方案和系統實現的目標、功能以及取得的應用推廣效果；其次，詳細論述了學籍管理、教務管理、排課管理、考試管理、成績管理、教材管理、經費管理、院系教學點辦學管理、檔案管理以及對外網站管理等的需求分析；再次，闡述了系統的總體設計原則、系統開發環境、研究方法、技術路線以及相關功能；網路數據庫的設計與實施方案、各子系統的設計、人機界面的設計、實現方面應注意的問題以及用戶權限設計的要求等；此外還介紹了舊系統數據遷移，新系統的實施工作，以及探討了對系統數據進行糾錯與清洗、測試和應用情況。
  12. This article describes a way of special ultrasonic system which monitors thermal stress in seamless welded rails. this monitoring system is a non destructive testing system, which adopts avr mcu and high - precise time chip processing as the core of it, and adopts the critically refracted longitudinal wave as the object of measuring. my studying focuses on the theory of the monitoring system, which will be listed in this arctile : according to the snell theory, the theory of motivating of critically refracted longitudinal wave is described in details, and the finite element software is used to emulate the propagating course. the formulas of calculating the pts of swr are taken from the acoustoelasticity theory, and the calculating the parameters is introduced. according to assemble materials, three kinds of ways of monitoring the pts of swr using critically refracted longitudinal wave are described, which are measuring the sound - time in changeless distance, ultrasonic critical - angle refractomery and frequency spectrum, the first way of ways is used in this experiment system. the factors, which effect the monitoring system, are assaid in some degree based

    本文的研究工作重點在無縫焊接鋼軌溫度應力測量系統的理論模塊，包括根據snell原理，研究極限折射縱波的激發機理，並使用有限元軟體ansys進行模擬;根據聲彈性理論以及公式推導出計算無縫焊接鋼軌中的溫度應力的公式，並對其中參數的求解方法進行介紹;根據收集的資料，介紹了三種使用極限折射縱波測量無縫焊接鋼軌溫度應力的方法，即固定距離測量聲時法、臨界角折射法和頻譜分析法，本實驗系統使用的是第一種;根據實驗經驗以及相關資料，分析了影響極限折射縱波測量溫度應力的幾個因素，並提出了相應的解決方法;根據實驗系統的需要，獨立設計並加工出相關配套的實驗設備，包括實驗鋼塊、有機玻璃楔塊、固定件、載荷外框裝置等。
  13. In this dissertation, the numerical computation for the acoustic radiation problem ( arp ) is studied deeply and systematically in the theory, method and the application technique, based on analyzing the situation of the home and abroad on the numerical computation for the acoustic radiation problem. the calculation formulas of the boundary element method ( bem ) for the exterior acoustic radiation problem in the full - space and half - space are deduced, based on the wave propagation theorem ; the arising of the non - unique solutions, which is associated with the application of the boundary integral equation ( bie ) in acoustic radiation problem, is analyzed and proofed ; the improved combined helmholtz integral equation formulation ( ichief ) is presented to overcome the non - uniqueness problem more effectively and reliably ; the determination of the singular integral coefficients on various occasions is analyzed ; the properties and treatments of the singular integrals with different orders axe studied ; the computation program of the cubic spline ichief is developed and its ability to overcome the non - uniqueness problem and feasibility to discrete the surface coarsely with the sufficient calculation precision are examined through examples

    第二章在聲波動理論基礎上，詳細地推導出對應于無限域和半無限域的外部振動聲輻射問題的邊界積分方程計算公式；根據fredholm積分理論，對利用邊界積分方程計算振動聲輻射問題過程中解的非唯一性的產生進行了分析和證明；改進了chief法以提高其克服解的非唯一性的有效性和可靠性；對不同條件下奇性系數的計算、強奇性積分的收斂性及其在變量替換時與普通積分的差異性、不同階奇性積分的計算、數值求積分等進行了研究；開發了三次樣條改進chief法計算軟體，並通過算例考核了該方法在特徵波數處克服解的非唯一性的有效性和在保證計算精度的前提下實現剖分粗化以提高計算效率的可行性。
  14. Part iii will analyze roughly the inherent defects in the independent director system brought about by the subjective and objective restrictions on the independence of a director. the main part of the thesis will be part iv - independent director system in china and part v - several thoughts on improving independent director system in china, to which the author has given her priority and preference. in these two parts, general discussions have been made on the emergency and necessity of introducing and establishing the independent director system in china, detailed discussions have been made on how legislation, implementation of laws, and supervision over the company activities can make sure that after its introduction and establishment, the independent director system can play its function and role properly in such a market economy as in our country and finally move forward the perfection of corporate governance of listed companies in our country to adapt our security market more to the opening to the outside world, to meet the challenge of wto and the needs to enter the international capital market, and to promote the fast and healthy development of our socialism market economy

    第一和第二部分詳細介紹了這一制度的產生背景、淵源及在世界范圍內的發展概況，獨立董事的地位和作用（尤其是著重剖析、介紹了其法律功能和選聘程序） ；第三部分簡要分析了董事獨立性的主客觀限制為這一制度帶來的固有缺陷；作為本文主要部分的第四部分「獨立董事制度在中國」和第五部分「對完善我國獨立董事制度的幾點思考」 ，是筆者用墨最多的一處，其中，除了泛泛而談在我國引入和建立這一制度的必要性和緊迫性以外，更多的是提出了如何從立法、執行和監管等環節確保這一好的制度能在引入和建立后，結合我國現有市場經濟的特點，真正發揮其應有的功效和作用，以最終達到推動我國上市公司治理結構完善，適應證券市場對外開放，迎接wto挑戰和進入國際資本市場融資的需要，促進我國社會主義市場經濟的快速健康發展。
  15. It was established by the university in 1997 and is governed by a board of directors, consisting of top university management and prominent business people, to promote research, teaching and technology transfer. for trial use of hku s portimizer system please visit

    有限公司是香港大學之全資附屬商業機構，負責科技轉移及將應用科技商品化，港大科橋之董事局成員包括大學管理層及工商界知名人士，致力推廣科研教學及科技應用。
  16. Versitech is the technology transfer and commercial arm of the university of hong kong. it is a wholly - owned subsidiary of the university and is governed by a board of directors, consisting of top university management and prominent business people, to promote research, teaching, and technology transfer

    港大科橋有限公司是香港大學之全資附屬機構，負責科技轉移及將應用科技商品化，港大科橋之董事局成員包括大學管理層及工商界知名人士，致力推廣科研教學及科技應用。
  17. Issuing to village the policy subsidying the small sum in interest an agricultural loan a valid path for always is academic circles with poor population in generally accepted the village of solution in government in all levels, promoting village developping, from current see theoretically, the small sum of the certain scope inside subsidying the interest lends money of issue, will promote the agriculture and the development of the village, increase poor and homely income in village level, but the small sum subsidying the loan of interest is can increase the income level of the peasant household, lend money a problem for increasing accepting together native average in circumstance increasing accepting sum comparing, result how, this is this text wanting resolving, this text pass to the inquisition of the loan peasant household, in collecting large quantity one hand material of foundation, is all each county downtown to is investigated the data proceeded to gather, statisticsing the contrast circumstance that loan an income change the circumstance and increase with native average the sum, the loan sum that will be investigated the peasant household, invest the realm proceeded the contrast, and borrow funds with the region not door of that year income increment the sum proceeded the comparison. use the different from lengthways the method research that compare investment in fixed amount realm, different loan sum, not the environmental loan in area in county door increases to accept sum and its correlations. come to explain the public finance subsidy the small sum in interest an agricultural loan an influence for to peasant household income, analyzing the small sum in policy an agricultural loan an influence for to increasing accepting the factor, discussing the policy stick the small sum in interest an agricultural loan a shortage for of policy blemish and managing top, combining domestic and international policy of now of combination an agricultural loan a policy for of policy with managing way, to small sum in policy in our country an agricultural loan style establishment and manage the mode put forward a little bit personal views, the writer thinks that develop the policy an agricultural loan a root for of a farming using is a financial environment of village to push forward financial system in village reform to reform with political setup, improve village finance serve, create a competition, norm, subsidying the interest the loan the solution limitedly not farmer of letter funds need problem

    向農村發放政策性貼息小額支農貸款一直是學術界和各級政府比較公認的解決農村貧困人口，促進農村發展的有效途徑，從現有的理論上看，一定范圍內的小額貼息貸款的發放，會促進農業和農村的發展，提高農村貧困家庭的收入水平，而小額貼息貸款是不是能夠提高農戶的收入水平，貸款戶的增收情況同當地的平均增收額比較，效果怎樣，這是本文所要解決的問題，本文通過對貸款農戶的調查，在收集大量第一手材料的基礎上，將各縣市區所有被調查數據進行了匯總，統計出貸款戶收入變化情況以及與當地的平均增長額的對比情況，將被調查農戶的貸款額，投資領域進行了對比，並與當地非借款戶的當年收入增加額進行了比較。用定量比較和縱向比較的方法研究不同投資領域、不同貸款額、不縣域環境的貸款戶增收額及其相互關系。來說明財政貼息小額支農貸款對農戶收入的影響，分析政策性小額支農貸款對增收的影響因素，論述政策性貼息小額支農貸款的政策性缺陷及管理上的不足，並結合當今國內外政策性支農貸款的政策和管理方式，對我國政策性小額支農貸款的政策制定及管理模式提出了個人的一些見解，筆者認為發揮政策支農貸款的支農作用的根本是推進農村金融體制改革和政治體制改革，改善農村金融服務，創造一個競爭、規范的農村金融環境，有限的貼息貸款解決不了農民的信貸資金需求問題。
  18. Starting with the publicity of rural land and management in our country, the article on the base of summarizing that the intension of the public management is understood by the domestic and international scholar, has put forward the concept of public management of rural land of our country, and has analysed the policy means of public management of rural land emphatically, and propose adopting many kinds of policies means and carrying on the management of the rural land ; passing to the public analysis with the use pattern of rural land of our country, the article have divide the demarcation lines of government ' s management and market management. this offer the methods and thoughts for solving the contradiction of government and market in our land management ; for overcoming one ' s own issue of defect in the rural land management, for example, rent - seeking etc. and for the purpose to perfect public management system, through analysing the current function of ngo in the public management, and situation of ngo in the rural land management, and opportunity for development faced in our management at present, thus the route promoting the development of ngo is proposed in the public management of rural land of our country

    文章從我國農村土地及管理的公共性角度入手，在總結國內外學者對公共管理內涵理解的基礎上，提出我國農村土地公共管理的概念，並著重分析了農村土地公共管理的政策手段，提出採取多種政策手段進行農村土地的管理：通過對我國農村土地不同利用類型的公共性的分析，劃分了政府管理和市場管理的界限，為解決土地管理中政府和市場的矛盾提供了方法和思路；而針對農村土地管理中政府尋租等自身缺陷的問題，以及完善公共管理體系的目的，通過分析公共管理中ngo的作用以及目前我國農村土地管理中ngo的現狀和面臨的發展機遇，提出在我國農村土地公共管理中推動ngo發展的路徑。
  19. To further blur the lines between desktops and notebooks, intel will introduce in the second half of 1999 its mobile processor with dual speed capability, designed to save notebook battery life

    為了進一步消除臺式機和筆記本機之間的界限，英特爾將在1999年下半年推出雙速功能的移動用處理器，此設計用於節省筆記本機的電池壽命。
  20. For the parallel analysis, several interfaces have been developed, on one hand, in order to parallelize the existing serial fea codes and make the system practical, some parallel solver library has been integrated into ooparafea ; on the other hand, ooparafea can also integrate self - developed module into its analysis kernel, in fact, it has already integrated parallel cg solver and parallel pcg solver up to now. in webfea, just like other parts in netfeaf, the class hierarchy ( including two dimension fea class library, three dimension fea class library, internet based fem computer aided instruction and so on ) is introduced first, and the control center which integrated httpserver ( used for building internet project web site ) and computingserver ( dealing with different computing tasks ) takes charge of the whole system. netgrawcad is the application of netfeaf in civil engineering, which offers civil engineers a network based works

    論文還開發了全新用途的網路服務中心，包括http服務器、計算服務器，以及各種用途的計算客戶端：利用java語言的網路通信、界面處理能力結合集群的密集并行計算能力一起完成特定的計算任務，從而使集群計算與web計算很好的集成在一起； webfea作為一種應用客戶端，配合netfeaf集成系統的各個計算組成部分，可以實現一個比較全面的有限元分析方法的計算機輔助課件；當前基於web的各種應用越來越廣泛，但將基於網路的工程設計與有限元分析系統的面向對象構建其引入有限元分析以及土木工程設計領域還不多，基於netfeaf系統，作者又利用面向對象的方法實現了基於網路的重力式碼頭cad集成系統，以從根本上改變傳統的工程分析設計軟體的運行思路，使網路變成土木工程師的日常工作中心，系統部分成果通過鑒定（文通部鑒定為「國內領先，可以大大提高設計效率，建議在水運行業內盡快推廣使用」 ）推出后的良好試用效果，使面向對象的方法在土木工程分析設計軟體系統研製中的優勢得到進一步驗證。
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