In part in, the author studies the obligation - blinding mechanism to the trustees, which is the core of governance structure of fund, pointing out that one of the main reason for the serious abnormality of current funds is the lacking of duty performance of the trustees. though it is hand to set up an effective obligation - binding mechanism to the trustees under the chinese current legal system, we can learn from britain and the u ? s ? a. in part iv, the author studies the mechanism of balance inside the governance structure of funds, that is the supervision mechanism of trustors and the balance mechanism of fund - holders, then puts forward that strengthening the balance mechanism inside the funds is an important step to establish an effective governance structure of found ; further more, to deal with the problems in the two mechanisms the author makes some suggestion about perfecting the mechanism of balance inside the fund in china
本文共分四個部分,第一部分通過對
信託制基金本質和特點的分析,指出了架構
信託制基金治理結構的必要性,並闡述了架構我國基金治理結構應遵循的基本原則;第二部分對架構
信託制基金治理結構的基礎,也就是
信託制基金的組織結構進行了研究,認為我國基金組織結構存在較大缺陷,但現存基金組織結構的立法模式也不適宜我國照搬照抄,而自
益信託、共同
信託才是我國
信託制基金組織結構的應然選擇;第三部分對基金治理結構的核心問題,即基金管理人的義務約束機制進行了研究,指出:我國目前存在的基金行為異化現象嚴重的主要根源之一就是基金管理人義務的缺失;但在我國現行法律制度框架內無法架構起有效規制管理人的義務機制,而英美法對基金管理人的受
信人義務的規定值得我們借鑒;第四部分對基金治理結構的內部監控機制,即基金託管人的監督機制和基金持有人的制衡機制進行了研究,指出:強化基金內部監控機制是架構有效的基金治理結構的重要一環;並針對我國這方面機制存在的問題提出了完善我國基金內部監控機制的建議。
If there are otherwise provisions on the resign of the trustee in public trust in this law, those provisions shall be followed
本法對公
益信託的受託人辭任另有規定的,從其規定。
Article 66 the trustee of a public trust must not resign without the approval of the regulatory agency of public undertakings
第六十六條公
益信託的受託人未經公
益事業管理機構批準,不得辭任。
However, owing to its opening, the information which is published on internet subject to many attacks, such as unauthorized wiretapping, intercepting, destroying, copyright infringing, abusing, hacker attaching and virus infecting, etc. because digital information on internet can be copied, modified and transmitted, copyright infringing on internet is becoming more and more serious ; now information tech is used more and more in the society, domain that internet concerns spreads fast, it play an important role in many fields, such as bank, business, government, army and so on. in these fields, demand of keeping secret is increasingly imminent
然而正是由於它的開放性給在internet上發布、傳輸的
信息帶來了巨大的威脅:網上的
信息會被非法竊聽、截取、篡改或破壞;由於internet上的數字化
信息可以被很方便地復制、修改和傳播,因特網上侵權問題越來越嚴重;並且,隨著社會日
益信息化, internet所涉及的領域越來越廣,在諸多領域起了非常重要的作用,如銀行系統、商業系統、政府部門和軍事領域,這些領域對
信息的安全保密要求也日
益迫切。
Article 71 if the public trust terminates, the liquidation report on the handling of trust affairs made by the trustee shall be reported to the regulatory agency of public undertakings for ratification after the trust supervisor recognizes, and the trustee shall make public announcement
第七十一條公
益信託終止的,受託人作出的處理
信託事務的清算報告,應當經
信託監察人認可后,報公
益事業管理機構核準,並由受託人予以公告。
It become more complication and more urgent to resolve in pace with the industrials of computer and communication develop quickly and information and network become more and more important in economy
計算機和電訊產業的迅速發展、經濟的日
益信息化和網路化,使這一領域的研究更為復雜和更為迫切。
Section 2 discusses the legal characteristics of the securities investment fund and explains that the fund has four legal characteristics of money trust, self - interest trust, group trust and operation trust. some characteristics of the modern enterprises mechanism like the separation of ownership and management is also reflected in the section
第二節探討了證券投資基金的法律特徵,闡述了證券投資基金同時具備金錢
信託、自
益信託、集團
信託和營業
信託四大法律特徵,並且體現出所有權與經有權分離等現代企業制度的某些特質。
Article 67 the regulatory agency shall inspect how the trustee handles the public trust affairs and the status of the property
第六十七條公
益事業管理機構應當檢查受託人處理公
益信託事務的情況及財產狀況。
3. in order to improve searching quality of restricting optimization, good and bad gene code method has been brought forward. its focus lays in emphasizing the value of gene to targets and more precisely simulate evolvement mechanism so that useful information in problem space will be used completely
為提高約束優化的搜索質量,提出了基因優劣編碼,其重點是精確模擬自然進化機制,著重強調各基因位對優化目標的價值作用,越有利於優化目標的基因位越有價值,從而使問題空間的有
益信息得到了充分利用。
Article 63 the trust property of public trust and its proceeds must not be used for non - public purposes
第六十三條公
益信託的
信託財產及其收
益,不得用於非公
益目的。
The reliance interests exists in the process of alternating between inherent benefit and benefit of performance. the loss of reliance interests is the transaction damage
信賴利
益是存在於固有利
益與履行利
益轉換過程中的一種利
益,
信賴利
益受損其實是交易成本損失。
The interior relations are based on the trust contract. the behaviors which may causes risks include the valid of capital that is offered by settlors, managing the trust capital, pledging the anticipated income in the trust contract, the trust guarantee, the information disclosed and trust business ’ s management and the beneficiary transferring trust profits
信託內部關系以
信託合同為支撐,可能導致風險的行為包括「委託人
信託資金合法性問題」 、 「受託人管理
信託資金、在
信託合同中承諾預期
信託收
益、
信託擔保、
信息披露和
信託事務管理」 、 「受
益人
信託受
益權轉讓」七種。
Especially to the students, when they are enjoying a lot of useful information and chances provided by the network, something is wrong with the morality, such as : the value change, the pollution of unhealthy information etc. the moral education in school confront great challenge. to analyse the reason of the problem in moral education under the network environment, there are a few aspects : 1
尤其是學生,他們在享受網路所提供的大量有益信息和機會的同時,思想品德方面卻出現了一些嚴峻的問題,如:價值觀念的偏移、黃色信息的污染、思維方式的漸變、道德冷漠和人際情感的疏遠等,使學校德育面臨嚴峻的考驗和挑戰,實效性偏低。