直接分部成本 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhíjiēfēnbùchéngběn]
直接分部成本 英文
direct department costs
  • 直 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （成直線的; 硬挺的） straight; stiff 2 （跟地面垂直的; 從上到下的; 從前到后的） erect; v...
  • 接 : Ⅰ動詞1 （靠近;接觸） come into contact with; come close to 2 （連接; 使連接） connect; join; put ...
  • 分 : 分Ⅰ名詞1. （成分） component 2. （職責和權利的限度） what is within one's duty or rights Ⅱ同 「份」Ⅲ動詞[書面語] （料想） judge
  • 部 : Ⅰ名詞1 （部分; 部位） part; section; division; region 2 （部門; 機關或組織單位的名稱） unit; mini...
  • 成 : Ⅰ動詞1 （完成; 成功） accomplish; succeed 2 （成為; 變為） become; turn into 3 （成全） help comp...
  • 本 : i 名詞1 （草木的莖或根）stem or root of plants 2 （事物的根源）foundation; origin; basis 3 （本錢...
  • 直接 : direct; immediate
  1. Investigation is a basic and separate phase in the criminal procedure of our country and it is also an essential procedure of public prosecution cases. not only does it provide the basis straight for the arrest authorized by investigating and prosecuting apparatus, but also determines courts " adjudgement to a great extent

    偵查是我國刑事訴訟的一個基本、獨立的訴訟階段，是公訴案件的必經程序。它不僅直接為檢察機關的批捕和起訴提供依據，同時還在很大程度上決定著法院審判的結果，是刑事司法活動的重要組成部分。
  2. When reinforced concrete upper structure - piled raft - subsoil system is studied, every part of this system is looked upon homogeneous discrete space. accofding to static equivalent principle, equivalent node loads are calculated, and load embattle is integrated with element equivalent node force and directly bearing load

    在分析時，本文將鋼筋混凝土上部結構和地基、基礎的研究問題視為各向同性空間問題，且按靜力等效原則計算等效節點荷載，荷載列陣由單元等效結點力和直接作用於單元結點上結點荷載集成而得。
  3. Comprehensive study indicates the dark, 50 - 300 m thick upper permian series, which is rich in the organic material ( om ) and biota, is beneficial to formation and protection of petroleum and natural gas. moreover the stratigraphy possess with better reservoir ability. the reservoir distributed in shallow glacis along beichuan tongkou - guangyuan changjianggou, he 12 well - she 1 well - jiange - cangxi yongningpu - long 4 well - bian 1 well in wujiaping stage and in platform edge beach along beichuan tongkou - jiangyou shuigentou - jiange - cangxi yongningpu - nanjiang

    綜合以上，本文認為研究區上二疊統地層厚50 ? 300m ，顏色較深、生物含量多、富含有機質，並且該套地層自形成后，大多直接進入埋藏成巖環境，是一套十分有利於油氣的形成與保存的地層；同時該套地層的局部層段具有一定的儲集性能，在吳家坪期儲層主要分佈在北川通口?廣元長江溝、河12井?射1井?劍閣?蒼溪永寧鋪?龍4井?扁1井一帶，在長興期儲層主要分佈在北川通口?江油水根頭?劍閣?蒼溪永寧鋪?南江一線。
  4. Variable costs are defined as costs that vary directly and necessarily with changes in the level of output and s comprise prime costs and variable manufacturing overhead

    變動成本是直接隨著產品的變化而變化的成本，變動成本包括主要成本和製造費用中的變動部分。
  5. The particles distributed hi the matrix of grey cast iron, but some contact each other. the composite layer extend gradually into the substrate. when volume fraction of wc is 36 wt % and 27 wt %, the matrix of the composite is high chromium cast iron, consist of white carbide bars and the austenite. wc particles distributed uniformly, retaining approximately quondam granular form in the composite layer which has an evident interface area with the substrate, with good bonding strength

    對不同碳化鎢體積分數的灰鐵和低鉻鑄鐵基復合材料的微觀組織結構分析表明：碳化鎢體積分數為52時，復合層內基體為灰口鑄鐵組織，顆粒直接分佈在灰鐵基體上，部分碳化鎢顆粒有相互接觸的現象，基材與復合層之間沒有明顯的過渡；碳化鎢體積分數為36 、 27時，復合層內基體為高鉻鑄鐵，由面塊狀的奧氏體和白條狀碳化物組成，碳化鎢顆粒表面固溶於基體組織中，粒形基本保持完整，分佈均勻，與基體構成冶金結合，基材與復合層之間存在一個明顯的平緩過渡區。
  6. This part expounds the trial committee ' s : potential and shown defects in theory and practice from five aspects, the trial committee influences the judicial independence by main depriving judge ' s independent jurisdiction, to destruct the justice of the procedure, violate such as open trial, direct words, collegiate system, according etcs basic lawsuit principle, at the same time, as further deep demonstration, the author propose the trial committee cant ensured to realize justice too

    第五部分，審判委員會的缺陷，這一部分從五個方面詳細論述審判委員會制度潛在和表現出來的理論及實踐缺陷。作者認為，審判委員會以剝奪法官獨立審判權為核心影響了司法獨立，同時構成對程序正義的破壞，違背了諸如審判公開、直接言詞、合議制、迴避等基本訴訟原則。作為深一層的論證，作者也提出了審判委員會不能充分保障實質正義的實現。
  7. The carrier wave is modulated directly by the baseband signal at several frequency point in l band and s band. firstly, this paper clarifies the theory of i / q modulation, elaborates evm and acpl, and analyzes the effect of amplitude and phase unbalance and dc offset on evm. secondly we review the basic principle of phase locked loop and it ’ s composing parts, including the basic conception and design method of pll frequency synthesizer, especially introduce the charge pump pll frequency synthesizer in detail

    首先，在闡述i / q正交調制基本原理的基礎上，通過對誤差矢量和鄰近通道功率泄漏的詳細分析，定性、定量地討論了各種非理想電路因素（如相位不平衡、幅度不平衡、直流偏差等）對調制器性能的影響;其次，介紹了鎖相環的工作原理和基本組成部分，包括鎖相環的設計和環路濾波器的設計，特別詳述了電荷泵鎖相頻率源;第三，介紹了採用直接調制技術模擬衛星信號的射頻前端的設計;最後，對整個直接射頻調制系統進行測試，結果基本上達到了課題要求。
  8. The fast - speed development of computer network technology and information technology leads to the ceaseless change of manufacturing, the network numerical control ( nnc ) - a new technology, was arisen at the historic moment. after a deep research collection and analyzing of information internal and external on information integration technology, direct numerical control ( dnc ) interface technology, network technology and computer communication technology, the writer brings to the construction model of nnc and realizes real - time communication of nnc by program, discusses the function of basic information management of nnc

    本文通過對國內外有關的信息集成技術、 dnc （直接數控）介面技術、網路技術和計算機通訊技術的資料收集、分析比較和研究探討，給出了網路數控的總體結構模式，並通過深入分析研究，實現了網路數控系統的實時通訊等部分，探討了網路數控系統的基礎信息管理等功能。
  9. Present methods generally based on the statistics of earthquake damage, expert experiences, theory analysis and experimental researches have obvious advantages, disadvantages and certain scopes of application ; ( 2 ) different prediction methods should be adopted against different building conditions, sites, intensity and experiences etc to predict earthquake damage of buildings for prospective accuracy, dependability and availability ; ( 3 ) earthquake damage matrix, which is the foundation of earthquake damage prediction, of 7 kinds of building in the urban areas of zhangzhou city under intensity 6 to 9 has been set up. the damage conditions of different buildings under different intensity are as followings : all kinds of structures are basically intact under intensity 6 ; the reinforced concrete structures are basically intact under intensity 7, but other kinds of structures are destroyed slightly ; the reinforced concrete structures are still basically intact while other kinds of structures are destroyed intermediately under intensity 8 ; the reinforced concrete structures are destroyed slightly, single - story factories and open houses are destroyed intermediately and other kinds of structures are destroyed seriously under intensity 9 ; ( 4 ) the results of earthquake damage predicting of buildings embody the damage when earthquake happens in the future. thus, further identifications and reinforcements should be considered to buildings that will be destroyed intermediately or more under the earthquake with 10 % exceeding probability in future 50 years ; ( 5 ) the direct economic losses caused by damage of buildings resting with the area, structural type, intensity and damage of all kinds of buildings are the main part of the losses of the city in an earthquake ; ( 6 ) the direct economic losses increased progressively toward high intensity by 2 or 3 times

    基於上述研究，得出的主要結論有：建築物震害預測是一個模糊的、系統的、復雜的問題，現有的方法很多一般都是以震害統計規律、專家經驗、理論分析和試驗研究為依據，有其自身的優缺點和一定的適用范圍；應針對不同的建築物條件、場地條件、地震強度和已有經驗等，採用不同的預測方法進行建築物震害預測，以使預測結果達到預期的精確性、可靠性和可操作性；建立了漳州市區7類建築物在6度9度地震作用下的震害矩陣，成為指導抗震防災的重要依據，各類結構的震害情況表現為： 6度地震作用下各類建築物基本完好； 7度地震作用下除鋼筋混凝土結構基本完好外其餘以建築輕微破壞為主； 8度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構仍以基本完好為主而其餘建築以中等破壞為主； 9度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構以輕微破壞為主，單層工業廠房和空曠房屋以中等破壞為主，其餘建築以嚴重破壞為主；建築物的震害預測結果體現了未來地震來臨時的震害程度，在編制漳州市區抗震防災規劃時，對于遭遇50年超越概率10的地震影響發生中等以上破壞的建築物應考慮進行抗震鑒定和加固；由建築物的破壞所造成的直接經濟損失是城市地震經濟損失的主要部分，重慶大學碩士學位論文中文摘要其主要與建築物總面積、結構類型、地震烈度和各類建築物的震害程度有關;不同烈度造成的直接經濟損失按2一3倍向高烈度方向遞增，漳州市區直接經濟損失由6度至9度的比例關系為1 : 2 . 8 : 8 . 6 : 22 . 8 ;遭遇基本地震設防烈度（ 7度）時，漳州市區直接經濟損失約4 . 5億元，無家可歸人員約40000人，且以磚木結構和多層磚混結構的震害損失最大;地震造成的人員傷亡主要與建築物倒塌及嚴重破壞的程度和總面積以及震時的建築物室內人數密切相關，地震時無家可歸人員主要與住宅倒塌、嚴重破壞及中等破壞的程度和總面積以及城市人均居住面積密切相關。
  10. The spreading gradation soil analyzed in the article is a cohesive coarse soil. it ' s a kind of crude soil - rook mixtures. it ' s often devided into fine material and coarse material by the save of 5mm and the charge of the two contents affects its project quality directly

    本論文研究的寬級配礫質土指的是黏性粗粒土，是一種天然的土石混合料，其顆粒組成通常以5mm為界分為粗料和細料兩部分，這兩部分組成含量的變化直接影響到它的工程性質。
  11. The main contents are as follows : 1. the theoretical frameworks of the local fiscal expenditure structures are the core contents of the thesis, and its main points are as follows : ( 1 ) die local fiscal expenditure structures are the interrelationship between the different factors under the economic and finance systems ; ( 2 ) the essence of the optimization of the local fiscal expenditure structures is mat the different factors among the local fiscal expenditure structures are suited to the common social needs and the distribution of mem are reasonable and appropriate ; ( 3 ) the efficiency of the local fiscal expenditures are determined by the reasonability of themselves and its effect on the economic variables ; ( 4 ) in addition to adjust the structures, the efficient expenditure management mechanism is needed in order to maintain the optimization processes

    通過研究指明： （ 1 ）地方財政支出結構是指在一定的經濟體制和財政體制下，在地方財政資源的分配過程中，地方財政支出的諸要素相互聯系、相互作用的內在關系和空間表現。 （ 2 ）地方財政支出結構優化的本質是在財政配置資源量占社會資源總量合理的前提下，財政資源內部各構成要素符合社會共同需要的目的，並且分配比例協調合理的狀態。 （ 3 ）地方財政支出結構是否合理，直接關繫到支出本身的效率，而既定的支出效率取決于這種結構對經濟變量的影響，即地方財政支出結構的效應。
  12. Focusing on the comparative study of the modern chinese and japanese moral education ideas, the author hopes the thesis will provide direct or indirect references in solving the problems of moral education in our country, and help the contemporaries " to examine the past and spur ahead in the future with a stand on the altitude of human civilization.

    通過對中日近代道德教育理念進行比較研究，作者希望能夠對我國解決現實的道德教育問題提供直接或間接的參考，使今人「站在人類文明的高度，檢討過去，策勵將來。 」 （杜維明語）本論文由六大部分打造而成。
  13. The paper investigates, through a series of cases, the effect of the treaties made exclusively by the eu on the member states, and finds out that those treaties are part of the eu law, have direct applicability and are of supremacy compared with the domestic laws of the member states

    本文最後一部分通過對案例的分析，從歐盟在沒有成員國參加時單獨締結的條約對成員國的拘束力的角度，對專屬締約權進行了考察，闡明了歐盟締結的條約是歐盟法的一部分，具有和歐盟內部基礎法一樣的效力，可以直接適用，且效力優于成員國國內法。
  14. The discuss starts from the " positive externalities " of tech - research and development, pointing out that the products of tech - research and development somewhat has the property of " public good ". without < wp = 8 > government ' s interfere, the intensity of tech - research and development by private section ca n ' t meet the need of " pareto optism " because of the " positive externalities ", as a result, the items of venture capital are insufficient and the development of venture captal will be pull back. rational policies of government expediture can internalize the " positive externalities " - transforming them to more revenue or less cost of the tech - research and development private suppliers. be feared of the high risk at the beginning of venture capital, the private section ca n ' t provide enough capital, the " capital gap " should be fetched up by government with equity capital, creditor ' s right capital, subcidy, at the same time, some other means, such as government purchase, credit guarantee, capital insurance, tax expenditure can promte private capital, is also important. in this part, the function of the above means, the establishment and enforcment of them are breafly discussed. because tax policies play a critical role in fiscal policy, r - y chart is used to analyse the relation between tax and venture capital, at last, a conclution is drawn : tax expenditure can promote venture capital

    這部分論述從科技研發成果的「外溢性」入手，指出科技研發成果在不同程度上具有「公共品」性質，這種外溢性使得在純市場條件下，私人部門研發活動強度達不到社會資源配置最優的要求，也使風險投資項目來源不足， < wp = 6 >阻礙風險投資的發展。合理的政府財政支出政策可以使「外溢性」內部化。之後，論述了風險投資資本來源與政府財政支出政策的關系，由於風險投資尤其是其初期的高風險性，民間風險資本不足，應由政府以股權及債權投資、補助等財政直接支出方式彌補資本缺口，運用政府采購、財政擔保、保險、貼息、稅收優惠等間接支出方式，鼓勵民間資本進入風險投資領域也同樣重要。
  15. This paper, through the research on the implementing of gaobazhou water conservancy project, demonstrated that the project is technical feasible, economic reasonable, and is conform to the state macro policy in external environment. described the full - aspect management on the design process of gaobazhou water conservancy project, fully demonstrated that the selection of design scheme and the design quality is directly related to the investment, quality and progress control of the project ; described the full - aspect management on the construction process of gaobazhou water conservancy project, discussed the management procedure and manner of supervisor in the construction process, how does the contractor to complete construction task scientifically and reasonably by following the certain supervision procedure based on the contract ; described the management on the procurement of gaobazhou water conservancy project, clarified these cautions to be taken during material and equipment procurement through the discussion on the content of procurement contract ; described the project acceptance and after - event evaluation of gaobazhou water conservancy project, fully defined the content for the final acceptance of the project ; fully described the comprehensive management carried out on gaobazhou water conservancy project, mainly focused on the study of information management, communication management, conflict management and risk management, which ensured the smooth execution of the project

    本文通過對高壩洲水利樞紐工程項目實施的研究，論證了高壩洲水利樞紐工程項目在技術上是可行的，在經濟上是合理的，在外部環境方面符合國家的宏觀政策；闡述了高壩洲水利樞紐工程設計過程的全面管理，充分論證了設計方案的選擇及設計質量的高低，直接關繫到工程項目的投資、質量和工程進度的控制好壞；闡述了高壩洲水利樞紐工程施工過程的全面管理，論述了監理在施工過程中的管理程序和方法，施工單位遵循一定的監理程序，依據施工合同科學合理地完成施工任務；闡述了高壩洲水利樞紐物質設備的采購管理，通過對采購合同內容的論述，明確了物質設備采購時應注意的問題；闡述了高壩洲水利樞紐工程項目驗收及后評價，明確了高壩洲水利樞紐工程項目竣工驗收的內容；較全面地闡述了高壩洲水利樞紐工程項目實施的綜合管理，重點研究了保證高壩洲水利樞紐工程項目順利實施的信息管理、溝通管理、沖突管理和風險管理。
  16. The thing flows the trolley name carrying trolley ; the surface uses the electricity to galvanize, the contour artisticly, the service life is long ; attaches the security leather belt, the fixed link loading and unloading speed is quick, both is advantageous for the mechanized transporting, and is suitable for the short distance the manual shift, may realize the plan production, saves the manpower, reduces the cost ; with thing and so on turnover box flows the vessel coordination use, may realize the modular management, the setting at space is big, folds the collection not to occupy the space ; is suitable the thing flows the transporting in the enterprise working procedure ; also may or allocates and dispatches the center in the factory to install the cargo to transport to the store, a direct achievement commodity goods part

    物流臺車又稱載物臺車；表面採用電氣鍍鋅、外形美觀、使用壽命長；附安全皮帶、固定桿裝卸速度快，既便於機械化搬運，又宜於短距離的人力移動，可實現規劃生產，節省人力，降低成本；與周轉箱等物流容器配合使用，可實現單元化管理，置物空間大，折疊收藏不佔空間；適用於企業工序間的物流搬運；也可在工廠或配送中心裝上貨物運到商店，直接作為商品貨架的一部分。
  17. The result shows that, under the condition of perfect competition, if bank ' s costs of providing transaction services for customers are sufficiently small, then a small tax on deposits interest income does not affect the choice of depositors ( or investors ) between deposits and direct investment ; a business tax on bank loan interest income leads to tax incidence, thus raises loan rates and induces entrepreneurs to switch from bank loan to direct financing ; a tax on bank ' s income also raises the loan interest rate, and hence reduces the demand of loans

    研究結果表明，在完全競爭條件下，當銀行為客戶提供的交易服務成本很低時，以較低的稅率對儲蓄利息開征利息所得稅不會影響儲戶（或投資者）在儲蓄和直接投資之間的選擇；對銀行貸款利息收入開征營業稅，則會引起稅收轉嫁，提高貸款利息率，使部分企業選擇直接融資方式而不是從銀行貸款；銀行業所得稅也會提高貸款利率，減少貸款需求量。
  18. The writer passes the fixed amount and qualitative analysis, the actuality investigates and theories study combines together, thinking that the main key stiching point of the high school grammar teaching consists in : the target of the high school grammar teaching escapes from the education of the large teachers and students with learning the real fact ; the high school grammar content system originates the result in studying the grammar, but many abuses exsisr hi the grammar research, thus affect the high school grammar teaching directly or indirectly ; in the cognition of the high school grammar teaching, people also need a process for continuously inclining to science ; the limitations of the contents and arrangement also exist in the grammar teaching materials - high school grammar teaching materials that arrange according to the grammar system oneself have the limitations, the contents of the language grammar in the teaching material and arrangement also have certain limitations, such as do n ' t follow the students " regulation of cognition, there is no the contents of the grammar teaching in senior high school and the request, the grammar in junior high school does n ' t pass, in the senior high school then returns to living, gradually, etc ; furthermore, teacher ' s character and the teaching methods are n ' t well suited, do n ' t join the static grammar teaching with the dynamic grammar teaching, neglect the practical characteristics of the teaching grammar ; for a long time, the position of the meaning in the grammar teaching of the high school is n ' t fixed correctly, either higher or lower etc. from here, the writer gets a conclusion : because of the existence of the above problems, cause " grammar useless " then request " desalinate grammar " even " cancel the grammar " creation, but not grammar knowledge oneselt is useless, therefore, from now on the direction of the grammar reform in education is to resolve these problems, not desa linate and cancel

    在1898年馬建忠撰寫的第一部漢語語法專著《馬氏文通》問世到現在的一百多年裡，語法教學在中學語文學科中的地位始終沒有確定下來， 「淡化」甚至「取消」語法教學的觀點時而浮現于語文教學的理論與實踐中。問題的癥結何在?筆者通過定量與定性分析，現實調查與理論探討相結合，認為中學語法教學的主要癥結在於：中學語法教學確立的目標脫離廣大師生的教情與學情實際；中學語法內容體系來源於語法研究成果，而語法研究中存在著諸多弊端，從而直接或間接地影響著中學語法教學；人們對中學語法教學目的的認識也有一個不斷趨向科學的過程：語法教材也存在著內容及編排的局限性? ?中學語法教材的依據語法體系本身具有局限性，語文教材中的語法的內容與編排也具有一定的局限性，諸如沒有遵循學生的認識規律，高中沒有語法教學的內容和要求，語法初中沒有過關，高中則更趨回生等；再者，教師素質及教學方法不適應，沒有把靜態的語法教學與動態的語法教學結合起來，忽視了教學語法的實用性的特點；長期以來，中學語法教學的意義定位不準，不是偏高就是偏低等等，由此，筆者得出結論：由於上述問題的存在，導致了「語法無用」進而要求「淡化語法」甚至「取消語法」論調的產生，而並非語法知識本身無用，因此，今後語法教學改革的方向是解決這些問題，而不是淡化和取消。
  19. The starting point in selecting the most effective distribution channel arrangement is a clear determination of the operation target and a determination of the needs and preferences of the target market, the thesis analyzes the main operation targets of the japanese and the american giants that caused those diversities. komatsu as an industrial product company, its marketing channel in china is a combination of three basic elements : the manufacturer ' s sales force, distributors and a trading company - sumitomo

    本文通過大量實地調查、當面訪談、內部資料整理對小松製作所在中國市場分銷渠道的目標、控制、支持和直銷渠道進行分析，來論證本文的觀點即：小松製作所在中國市場分銷渠道是傳統分銷渠道修正改造后形成的管理型營銷渠道系統再加上直接分銷渠道和住友商社渠道。
  20. As a social fundamental service system, highway industry ' s external social and economic benefits are much greater than its economic benefits in transportation department. that is, only assessing highway its own profit earning capacity is incomplete

    本文首先將高速公路的社會經濟效益主要分為直接投入效益、誘導效益、產出效益及高速公路運輸的外部成本與社會成本四個方面，分別在第2 、 3 、 4 、 5加以具體分析。
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