直旱 的英文怎麼說

Drought and soil erosion had long been a major problem.

乾旱和水土流失一直是個老大難問題。

Abstract : this paper analyzes causal factors of flood in the middle reaches of changjiang river. due to neglection of environmental management, soil erosion in the upper and middle reaches of the changjiag river, lake sedimentation, large - scale reclamation of marshes, the flood regulation capacity of the lake was descended, and flood stage was risen and prolonged. consequently more and more river levees and lake dikes were reinforced almost every year to prevent the disasters, which made flood level go up and flood period last for more days. the frequency of flood and waterlogging disasters rose and their damage was enlarged. several proposals for flood prevention including agricultural modernization are put forward

文摘: 1998年長江大洪水后開始實施的「平垸行洪，退田還湖」的土地利用調整方案，從長遠來說應尋求農業安全且收入逐漸提高條件下的土地利用，長江中游地區應積極推進農業現代化，提高農業勞動生產率，轉移，減少分蓄洪區的人口，移民建鎮，對區內的土地要促進其規模經營，由優秀的有文化的農民經營，平時只有少量的直接從事農業生產的經營管理人員，農忙時則大量地使用季節性合同工或實現機械化，大洪水時退田還湖，減輕長江幹流大洪水的壓力，減少分洪與特大洪災時的損失，這樣還可促進避洪、冬季農業等的發展，也有利於長江中上游地區陡坡耕地的退耕還林，還可在糧食充足時進行休耕，在旱災、糧食緊張時擴大糧食生產?

On the basis of the discussion of the ecological rehabilitation on subsidence land of coal extraction, the land structures of nourishment, plane and perpendicularity on subsidence area of coal extraction are differently designed. on nutritive structure green crops are mainly common crops, green vegetables, green forage crops and acquatic creatures. on plane structure the center of the subsidence land of coal extraction can be used as fish culture in net cage, the periphery can be established as fish pool and economic crops in water, and the outmost layer can be used as high - yield field, vegetable shed, domestic animal breeding area and fruit - bearing forest. on vertical structure the deepwater area can be established as fish pool and economic crops in water, and the uppermost layer can be developed as acquatic and semi - acquatic crops or dry farming crops

在討論採煤塌陷地生態復墾的基礎上，對新泰市採煤塌陷區生態復墾用地的營養結構、平面結構和垂直結構進行了優化設計.在營養結構上，綠色作物主要是農作物、蔬菜、飼料及水生生物.在平面結構上，在塌陷的中心地帶實施網箱養魚，外圍區建立精養漁塘和水生經濟作物，最外層生態復墾為高產農田、蔬菜大棚、畜禽養殖區和林果地.在垂直結構上，在積水區建立精養漁塘和水生經濟作物，最上層則發展水生、半水生及旱作綠色經濟作物

Climatological characteristics, which can provide some drought or flood years with large - scale background, are investigated for large - scale water vapor transport over asian - australian monsoon region based on vertically integrated water vapor flux by pentad from 1980 to 1997. at the same time, the differences of moisture transport over the yangtze river basin between drought and flood and the moisture budgets over eastern china from april to september are examined. major results are as follows : i

使用1980 ? 1997年垂直積分的整層水汽輸送通量資料，從氣候平均的角度分析了亞澳季風區大尺度水汽輸送演變和偏南風水汽輸送在東亞地區推進的氣候特徵，為研究異常年份旱澇事件的產生提供了相應的大尺度背景；同時還討論了長江流域旱澇年水汽輸送的差異以及4 - 9月我國東部各區域的水分收支情況。

Over the last few months, new zealand farmers have been closely following the deteriorating fortunes of their drought - stricken counterparts across the tasman

塔斯馬尼亞各地的農民們仍在與乾旱抗爭，在過去的幾個月里，紐西蘭的農民們一直都在密切關注這他們同行面臨的日漸惡化的旱情。

Climatic variation is a major factor of affecting the rate of desertification. the sustained period of water deficit is a direct cause of desertification in arid and semi - arid areas

其中，氣候變化是控制沙漠化進退的首要因素，陸表水持續虧損則是導致乾旱、半乾旱地區土地沙漠化發展的直接原因。

And climatic variation is a main factor affecting desertification. the sustained period of water deficit is a direct cause of desertification in arid and semi - arid areas. the tectonic activities of lithosphere control the distribution of desertification by constructing geomorphology

提出了自然作用在土地荒漠化演化中佔主導地位，其中，氣候變化是控制土地荒漠化進退的首要因素，地表水持續虧損則是導致乾旱、半乾旱地區土地荒漠化發展的直接原因。

Based on the analysis mentioned above, a conceptual diagram explaining the physical process is put forward : stronger ( weaker ) convective activities in tropical areas stronger upward ( downward ) vertical anomaly stream in tropical areas more ( less ) moisture transports from " key regions " to shandong stronger ( weaker ) hadley and walker circulation stronger ( weaker ) east asian summer monsoon eap ( negative eap ) in 500hpa upward ( downward ) vertical anomaly stream rise in shandong subtropical high abnormally located northward ( southward ) more ( less ) rain in shandong province

弱季風年與山東夏旱年則相反。通過分析山東夏季降水與東亞夏季風以及大氣環流異常的物理過程，得出了如下物理概念模型:熱帶印度洋以及南海-熱帶西太平洋地區對流加強（減弱）吟熱帶地區垂直上升（下沉）氣流增強崢熱帶印度洋和南海一西太平洋地區水汽輸送通量增加。

Desertization, land degradation in arid, semi - arid and dry sub - humid area, is one of the environmental problems concerned by human society. it has a direct relationship with the existence and development of mankind

沙漠化即發生在乾旱、半乾旱及半濕潤乾旱地區的土地退化，是人類社會普遍關注的環境問題之一，與人類自身的生存和發展有著直接的關系。

The disaster has caused direct economic losses of around 12 billion yuan or about 1. 6 billion us dollars according to statistics of the office of flood control and drought relief quarters

據國家防洪抗旱指揮部的數據顯示，洪災造成直接經濟損失約120億元（約16億美元） 。

This paper, in the light of the special geological environment and actual project situation of the three gorges reservoir area, puts forward a comprehensive analysis and evaluation system suitable for the stability analysis of the bank landslide of the three gorges reservoir area under the premise of thorough consideration of the water influence on the stability of the bank landslide, and obtains the following achievements in several aspects that have the practical application significance and certain scientific research value : ( 1 ) it is discovered that the water activity is the primary factor of the formation of the new landslide and the revival of the ancient landslide. on the one hand, the rising underwater level reduces the actual stress of landslide ; on the other hand, the long time soaking of the underwater reduces the mechanics intensity of the landslide and the slide belt, both of which reduce directly the landslide stability ; ( 2 ) in view of the special condition of the three gorges reservoir area, this paper analyzes systematically the forces acted on the landslide of the three gorges reservoir area and the force varieties acted on the divided landslide when the water level changes between 175 meters and 145 meters. thus it is more scientific and comprehensive for the analysis of the forces acted on the landslide ; ( 3 ) this paper summaries systematically 10 kinds of typical computation projects by organic combinations of different kinds of situations in the dry season ( nature statue ), rainy season ( rainstorm or rains for a long time condition ), with 175m water level in the reservoir, during the earthquake, with the water level of the reservoir adjusted from 175m to 145m and so on, and produces

本文針對長江三峽庫區特殊的地質環境與工程實際情況，在充分考慮水對庫岸滑體穩定性影響的前提下，提出了一個適用於長江三峽庫岸滑坡體穩定性分析的綜合分析評價體系，並取得了如下幾個方面具有工程實際意義和一定科學研究價值的研究成果： （ 1 ）研究結果發現，水的活動是新滑坡形成或古滑坡復活的主要因素，一方面是由於地下水位升高降低了滑坡體的有效應力，另一方面是由於地下水的長期浸泡降低滑體及滑帶的力學強度，這兩方面的因素均將直接降低滑坡的穩定性； （ 2 ）針對三峽庫區的特殊條件，系統分析了作用於三峽庫區滑坡體上的力系和庫水位在175m與145m間變化時滑體條塊的受力變化，從而使對作用於滑坡體上的力系分析更科學、更全面； （ 3 ）通過對滑體處于旱季（天然狀態） 、雨季（暴雨或長期降雨狀態） 、 175m庫水位、地震以及庫水位由175m調節下降至145m等各種不同情況的有機組合，本文系統地歸納總結出了10種典型計算工況，並具體給出了相應的作用荷載的計算方法，使在庫區岸坡滑體穩定性分析評價時對計算工況選擇及其作用荷載的計算更具規范性； （ 4 ）具體運用c + + builder開發了關于滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價系統，使對滑坡體穩定性分析計算更方便、更準確； （ 5 ）將上述滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價系統應用於重慶市豐都縣名山滑坡穩定性分析的具體事例中，分析結果表明，本文所提出滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價方法對三峽庫區的滑坡穩定性分析是實用可行的。

In recent years there has been little rainfall on the solomon islands, creating great difficulties in the drought affected regions

近年來，所羅門島一直很少下雨，而乾旱也使得多處斷水，甚不方便。

For example, the basic angiosperm stem is vertical and elongated, but some cacti have swollen water - storing stems, while other xerophytic plants that have lost their leaves during the course of evolution have evolved flattened leaflike stems for photosynthesis, e. g. butcher ' s broom ( ruscus aculeatus )

例如被子植物的莖是垂直的，伸長的，但一些仙人掌具有膨大的能夠儲水的莖，另一些旱生植物在進化的過程中失去了葉子，但又發展為利用扁平葉狀的莖來進行光合作用（假葉樹） 。

However, to everyone s delightful surprise, it began to rain on the afternoon of the first day of an annual exhibition where master s teachings were introduced. in fact, the rain did not stop until late that night. the rain had not only relieved the drought in the water - shortage areas, but also had eliminated the dustiness at the exhibition venue

然而令人十分驚喜地，當師父教理在一個年度展覽會中宣揚的首日下午，降下了難得之甘霖，直下到夜晚才歇，這場大雨解除了缺水地區的旱象，同時也讓明日的展覽會場不再風沙飛揚。

The lord will strike you with wasting disease, with fever and inflammation, with scorching heat and drought, with blight and mildew, which will plague you until you perish

22耶和華要用癆病、熱病、火癥、瘧疾、刀劍、旱風、或作乾旱霉爛攻擊你這都要追趕你直到你滅亡。

Jehovah will strike you with consuming disease and fever and inflammation, and with burning heat and drought, and with blight and mildew ; and these will pursue you until you perish

22耶和華要用癆病、熱病、炎癥、炙熱、乾旱、旱風、霉爛攻擊你；這些都要追趕你，直到你滅亡。

" the lord will smite you with consumption and with fever and with inflammation and with fiery heat and with the sword and with blight and with mildew, and they will pursue you until you perish

申28 : 22耶和華要用癆病、熱病、火癥、瘧疾、刀劍、旱風、或作乾旱霉爛攻擊你這都要追趕你直到你滅亡。

Heat fluxes estimated from radiative temperature by this model is more accurate than other regular corrective methods. two - layer model has been proposed for many years but was difficult to apply in remote sensing because component temperature were unavailable in traditional thermal sensors. a new airborne multi - angular thermal sensor system and retrieved soil and canopy temperatures were used to solve two - layer model, and the simulated heat fluxes show much better accuracy than the results from one - layer model especially above dry surfaces

雙層模型雖然提出很多年了，但在應用中一直存在信息不足，求解困難的問題，本文用最新多角度熱紅外遙感數據? ? ? amtis系統反演的組分溫度，首次實現了雙層模型在遙感中的應用，結果表明，在輸入參數精度相近的情況下，雙層模型模擬的通量誤差遠小於單層模型，尤其在土壤乾旱，表面溫度較高的地表，雙層模型的理論優勢在計算中表現得更加突出。

Photosynthetic functions of different senescing leaves in the canopy of superhigh - yield rice hua - an

不同生態型的喜旱蓮子草對蓮草直胸跳甲化蛹能力的影響

Studies have been made shown that under water stress, not only root weight, root specific surface area, root - shoot ratio, root growing potential, root water potential, root vessel diameter, etc which express the indexes of wheat root morphology and architecture have significantly changed, but also bleeding sap, root respiratory rate, root plasma membrane permeability, plasmalemma peroxide level, root protective enzymes and its isoenzymes etc which express root physiological indexes have changed correspondingly

過去進行的研究表明，乾旱脅迫條件下，不僅表達小麥根系形態和構型建成指標的根系數量、根系比表面積、根冠比、根生長勢、根水勢、根導管直徑等發生顯著變化，而且表達根系生理指標的傷流液、根呼吸速率、根系質膜透性、膜脂過氧化水平、保護酶及其同工酶等也發生相應改變。