相反選擇力 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [xiāngfǎnxuǎnzháilì]
相反選擇力 英文
opposing selection force
  • 相 : 相Ⅰ名詞1 （相貌; 外貌） looks; appearance 2 （坐、立等的姿態） bearing; posture 3 [物理學] （相位...
  • 反 : Ⅰ名詞1 （方向相背） reverse side 2 （造反） rebellion 3 （指反革命、反動派） counterrevolutionari...
  • 選 : Ⅰ動詞1. （挑選） select; choose; pick 2. （選舉） elect Ⅱ名詞（挑選出來編在一起的作品） selections; anthology
  • 擇 : 擇動詞（挑選） select; pick; choose
  • 力 : Ⅰ名1 （力量; 能力） power; strength; ability; capacity 2 [物理學] （改變物體運動狀態的作用） forc...
  • 相反 : 1 （事物的兩個方面互相矛盾、互相排斥） opposite; contrary; adverse; reverse; inverse; on the cont...
  • 選擇 : select; choose; opt; election; choice; culling; alternative
  1. In this paper, ackerman steering linkage of double - wishbone suspension is taken as the study object, choosing the splitting joint and steering lever joint to carry out the design of optimization the mathematics models are established based on the multi - body system dynamics, applying its analysis method of kinematics to study the mechanism kinetic principles owing to more spatial factors considered, and calling off many hypotheses affecting the accuracy, compared with the traditional methods, the models are better to reflect the realistic motion principles, the results are more exact and applicable moreover, the force analysis is applied to the conduct mechanism the analysis method of dynamics in the multi - body dynamics is applied to study the forces applied on every component, working out the constraint reaction force of up and down ball joints, and developing the current computation program in the end, produce the upper wishbone geometry model in the ansys software package, meshing and carrying out the fea, testifying if the intensity of the wishbone meet with the requirements

    本文以雙橫臂獨立懸架的轉向傳動機構作為研究對象，選擇對斷開點和節臂球銷的位置進行優化設計，在此基礎上建立了基於多體系統動力學的導向機構和轉向傳動機構的數學模型，運用該學科的運動學分析方法研究機構的運動規律，編制了通用優化設計軟體。由於考慮了更多的空間因素，取消許多影響準確性的假設，因此建立的數學模型與傳統的方法相比更能反映實際運動規律，得到的優化結果也更加精確實用。此外，本文還針對導向機構進行受力分析，在建立該機構的空間動力學模型后，運用多體動力學中的動力學分析方法研究各個桿件的受力，計算出上下球鉸的約束反力，並開發出了相應的通用計算程序。
  2. And understanding and studying the spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets in the experimental area, raising that it is the basis of geo - targets information collection with imaging spectrometer data to understand spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets, realizing that in a great extent spectral - integrated - form - based classification method can remove the phenomenon of " different spectrum with same objects " resulted from reflection ratio curve translation because of the angle change among sensor, targets and observation direction, and the average and variance images can be introduced to solve the problem of two kinds of geo - target with similar spectral forms and much different values of whole reflection ratio. it is suggested that " red edge " range bands of vegetation, which has close relationship with vegetation cover and biomass, is the main characteristic bands and important basis for careful vegetation classification and quantitative retrieval, and pixel - based derivative spectral analysis is very useful for removing the effects of soil background values and quantitatively retrieving vegetation biomass and cover. the remote sense quantitative retrieval model is developed for main appraisable factors of desertification monitoring assessment with imaging spectrometer data and then the applicability of model is analyzed

    研究結果如下：首先針對荒漠化地區的地物特徵，對高光譜數據不同波段的數據質量、波段組合進行了評價，提出了適用於荒漠化監測的基本波段選擇集；初步了解和掌握了研究地區的地物光譜特性及變異規律，進一步明確了掌握地物光譜特徵和變異規律是用成像光譜儀數據提取地物信息的基礎；發現了基於光譜整體形狀的分類方法在很大程度上能夠消除由於傳感器、地物目標觀測方向之間的角度變化引起的反射率曲線整體平移的「同物異譜」現象，對于譜形相似而整體反射率的值相差較大的兩類地物，通過引入均值和方差圖像參與分類得到解決；研究還表明在植被「紅邊」范圍內的波段是進行荒漠化監測的主要特徵波段，這些波段與植被生物量和蓋度都有密切的關系，是開展精細植被分類研究和植被定量反演的重要基礎；像元的導數光譜分析可以消除土壤背景的影響，是進行植被生物量和蓋度定量反演的有力工具；建立了荒漠化監測主要評價因子的定量反演模型，並分析了模型的適用性。
  3. Using the data of these nhtidzs from 1992 to 2001, paying attention to those index reflecting the industrial level and ability, we establish an evaluating item system, and rank the 53 zones by three different methods in long and middle term, analysis some special phenomenon in this thesis. the three methods are : ahp ( analytic hierarchy process ), topsis ( technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution ) and rsr ( rank sum ratio )

    本文利用全國53家高新區1992年至2001年間的各項經濟指標，側重選擇反映高新區產業化水平及能力的相關指標和經濟發展指標，利用分層分析法、 topsis法、秩和比法三種不同的方法，分長期、中期兩個時限，對全國高新區進行了排序，並對一些有代表性的現象進行了分析。
  4. Secondly, based on the syntony frequency and the elasticity mechanics and other correlative professional knowledge, establishes a suit of fsm vibration module system, selects the structure, material and the process and treatment technique of the elastic element in the elastic system of the mirror, analyzes a lot of factors which affect the structure of the rapid controlling reflector and provides the derivation formula

    以諧振頻率為出發點，利用彈性力學等相關專業知識，建立一套fsm的振動模塊系統；確立了反射鏡彈性系統中彈性元件的結構、材料的選擇，及加工，熱處理。分析了影響快速控制反射鏡結構的諸多因素，給出其相關推導公式，最後應用solidedge和cosmos軟體對該結構進行了計算機模擬。
  5. In appraisal items choosing, we divide the items into three categories : profits, risk adjustment, and fluidness. detailed appraisal items are also set up to mirror the funds achievement comprehensively. in appraisal method choosing, we adopt universality analysis and the common used data envelopment analysis ( dea ) together, i. e., analyze the score of the numbered items first, then use dea and the analyzing software ems to calculate the funds " relative validity and get a rank of fund comprehensive achievement, trying to reflect the funds items and performance objectively

    在基金的評價指標選擇方面：將基金的評價指標主要分為三大類：收益類、風險調整類和流動性類，並設定了細分評價指標，力求全面地反映基金的業績水平；在評價方法選擇方面：採用了一般性分析和基金評價中目前較為流行的數據包絡分析（ dea ）相結合的方法，即通過對指標的量化評分進行比較分析，通過數據包絡分析法，利用ems分析軟體計算基金的相對有效性，從而進行綜合業績排名，力求客觀地評價基金的各項指標和綜合績效。
  6. This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory

    本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。
  7. ( 2 ) develop an urban microscopic traffic simulation system, which involves vehicle generation model, network model, traffic regulation model, signal control model, vehicle action model, route choice model and intersection turning model. ( 3 ) realize and research the method that signal cycle and phases are assigned by the traffic need. when vehicles od is known, this method can be used to decide the maximum traffic capacity of signal - controlled intersection and the evaluation reference of current control method

    模型中充分考慮了鄰道車輛對駕駛行為的影響及駕駛員的反應延遲，使模型更符合真實情況； （ 2 ）開發了城市微觀交通模擬系統：該系統包括車輛產生模型、路網模型、交通規則模型、信號燈控制模型、車輛行為模型、路徑選擇模型、路口轉向描述模型； （ 3 ）在模擬應用中實現並研究了信號燈周期及其相位按交通需求動態分配的方案，提出該項模擬可用於確定在已知od下，信號燈控制路口的最大通行能力，並可作為現有控制方案的評估依據。
  8. It compares and analyses the equipment test voltage emendated to standard atmosphere conditions with the equipment nominal withstanding voltage. and then it concluded that : the emendation value educed by " humidity ratio " integrated emendation method is basically equal or close to the equipment nominal withstanding voltage ; but the values by two traditional emendation methods are mostly higher. it also proves that, " humidity ratio " integrated emendation method is more perfect than any other methods, and it can reflect the influence degree of atmospheric parameters on electrical equipment outer insulation discharge voltage actually

    文中選擇「比濕」綜合校正法和兩種傳統校正法，分別對西高所為羊八井、拉薩、羊湖110kv變電所設備所做的人工氣候室模擬試驗數據及雲南中試所做的zs - 110工頻放電電壓試驗數據進行校正計算，將試驗電壓的校正值與試驗設備的標稱耐受電壓水平進行比較分析；認為： 「比濕」綜合校正法的校正值與設備耐受電壓水平基本相等或接近，而兩傳統校正法的校正值大多高於設備耐受電壓水平；進一步證明， 「比濕」綜合校正法是目前諸多校正法中較為完善的，能真實地反映大氣參數對電氣設備外絕緣放電電壓的影響程度的校正法，在高海拔電力工程設計中應推廣應用。
  9. First, pips are not as heavily regulated as mutual funds ( though they are far from unregulated, as the forbes article asserts ) and do not generally have to disclose their activities or holdings, which can allow managers to deviate from their stated investment strategies

    此外pip比起共同基金有更大的投資?圍，它們不但可以放空股票，買賣選擇權，投資匯率、利率與未上市股，對于投資國家、地點、產業、規模也都無限制，水能載舟，亦能覆舟，這種彈性若由具誠信與能力的經理人加以運用將相得益彰，反之若是若遇到燥進的投機客，則基金前途堪憂。
  10. Abstract : emphasis is put on the recent development concerning the catalytic oxidation of methane to oxygenates by heterogeneous catalysis and liquid catalysis. for heterogeneous catalysis, the choice of catalysts, reaction temperature and pressure, oxygents, additives, reactors and reaction mechanism are summarized. different research systems of liquid phase oxidation of methane are reviewed

    文摘:本文對甲烷催化氧化制含氧化合物的研究，從多相催化和液相催化兩個方面進行了綜述；對多相催化的研究從催化劑的選擇、反應溫度、反應壓力、氧源、反應添加物、反應器及反應機理等方面進行了總結，液相氧化的研究則對不同的研究體系進行了詳細的綜述。
  11. 1 ) the relationship between different communities with different development conditions and labor transformation. the more developed community, more opportunities of off - farm employment rural labors are facing, with higher individual transformation rate. on the other hand, the less developed community, the less opportunities of off - farm employment, with lower individual transformation rate

    （ 1 ）不同社區經濟發展程度差異與勞動力轉移的關系：經濟發展水平較高的社區，農村勞動力面臨的非農就業機會相對較多，個體轉移的概率隨之提高，反之，社區發展水平越低，勞動力個體選擇從事非農的機會下降，個體轉移的可能性隨之下降。
  12. From the multi - disciplinary synthesis, such as ecology, river morphology, economics, river mechanics, etc., it constructs sixteen specific indices which reflect river structure and function at different layers and classes, indicates the meaning and the determination approach to the indices, and finally determines the index weight through the layered binary compared the expert analysis method

    該評價體系既考慮了人類社會需求的滿足程度，又考慮了維持河流自身生命的需要，從生態學、河流地貌學、經濟學、河流動力學等多學科綜合角度，構建了分層次分類別反映河流結構和河流功能的16個具體指標，並明確相應指標的意義及確定方法，最後選擇分層次二元對比專家分析法確定指標權重。
  13. The working principles are as follows : when the factors of the second order mechanics model are proper, the relative displacement, body to shell, is linear to the acceleration of shell. so the acceleration of the second order system is measured by measuring the relative displacement with the optical reflection displacement theory

    其工作原理是：當二階力學模型的參數選擇適當時，力學模型中的質量塊相對外殼的相對位移與外殼的加速度近似成線性關系，所以採用光纖反射式位移傳感原理測量二階力學模型中的相對位移就可以達到測量二階系統加速度的目的。
  14. Remarkably, the temperature must be limited between softening point and solidification value, at which the bond can get perfect fluidity and stickiness. effects of bond content and pressure on magnet product during heating - pressing process are the same with effects during common - pressing process. fourthly, it is more than 250 hours before magnet is eroded when it is coated with lacquer by way of cathode electrophoresis

    溫度對溫壓效果影響明顯，應當選擇在粘結劑軟化點以上、固化反應前的某一點，保證粘結劑具有適當的粘度和良好的流動性；與普通壓制工藝相同，溫壓工藝制備的粘結磁體密度和磁性能均隨壓制壓力的增大而提高，磁體性能和磁粉體積分數隨粘結劑含量變化的規律一致。
  15. This paper firstly compares the provisions about torsion effect and anti - torsion design in several codes ( the old and new chinese code for seismic, and some other countries " codes ). then, according to the code for seismic design of buildings ( gb50011 - 2001 ) and the code for concrete structure design ( gb50010 - 2002 ), the paper designs two multi - storied irregular concrete spatial frames, which respectively situated at the area of fortification intensity 8 and 9. subsequently, using the program based on the column - beam element of fiber model, input several ground motion records, which are selected according to the demand of code, to carry the structures " three - dimensional nonlinear analysis in two perpendicular directions at the same time

    本文對比了我國新、舊建築抗震設計規范（ gb50011 - 2001 、 gbj11 89 ）以及國外設計規范（或指南）中關于結構扭轉效應與抗扭設計的相關規定；按照新建築抗震設計規范和混凝土結構設計規范（ gb50010 2002 ） ，設計了設防烈度分別為8度和9度的兩個多層鋼筋混凝土不規則空間框架結構，利用纖維模型樑柱單元的三維非線性動力分析程序，根據新抗震設計規范的要求，在設防地震作用和罕遇地震作用水準下選擇適當的地震波作為輸入，對結構進行了雙向地震作用下的三維非線性動力反應分析。
  16. Correlative function method and variable function method are used to calculate the relevant range of soil layer. the limit capacity of bored pile is determined by the cone penetration tests ( cpt ) and the static loading tests and related statistics parameters are also evaluated. considering the effects of group piles, the action effect is calculated by the settlement of pile foundation and the reliability index of single pile as well as group piles is determined by monte - carlo method

    本文選擇臨近場地的四座高層建築地基的全部勘測資料，以沿深度方向的一維平穩高斯隨機場作為樁基土層土性參數的數學模型，利用相關函數法和變異函數法計算土層的相關范圍，由cpt和靜載試驗結果綜合確定鉆孔灌注樁的極限承載力，進而對相同場地各試樁的承載力進行折算后檢驗其概率分佈，並估計有關統計參數：考慮群樁效應確定樁基承載力，由樁基沉降反算其作用效應，由monte - carlo方法計算單樁及群樁的可靠指標。
  17. On the basis of the preferential sorption - capillary flow mechanism proposed by sourirajan, the membrane interfacial equilibrium condition in reverse osmosis can be simulated by the hplc experiment. the hplc data on retention times can be used for quantitatively characterizing the dynamic nature on solid polymer membrane surface and physicochemical properties of polymer - solution interface. the experimental technique in this paper can offer definite guidelines for the choice of appropriate membrane material and the better understanding of reverse osmosis separation mechanism

    本論文根據索里拉金（ sourirajan ）提出的「優先吸附?毛細孔流」機理作為選擇膜材料的理論依據，用高效液相色譜為手段，模擬反滲透實驗平衡條件，確定乙基纖維素固膜材料界面的動力學參數以及求得表徵高分子材料在溶液界面上的特性參數，為預測膜材料的化學性質和探討反滲透分離機理提供了有效手段。
  18. This course provides mechanical engineering students with an awareness of various responses exhibited by solid engineering materials when subjected to mechanical and thermal loadings ; an introduction to the physical mechanisms associated with design - limiting behavior of engineering materials, especially stiffness, strength, toughness, and durability ; an understanding of basic mechanical properties of engineering materials, testing procedures used to quantify these properties, and ways in which these properties characterize material response ; quantitative skills to deal with materials - limiting problems in engineering design ; and a basis for materials selection in mechanical design

    本課程向機械工程學系學生提供以下知識：當固態工程材料承受機械或熱載荷時的各種反應；介紹與工程材料之設計極限相關聯的物理機制，特別是剛度、強度、韌性、以及延展性；理解工程材料之基本力學性能；用來量化這些性能的測試手段；以及描述材料反應之特性的方式；定量處理工程設計時所遭遇到材料極限問題；以及機械設計時選擇選擇材料之基本概念。
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