相對價格因素 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [xiāngduìjiàgéyīnsù]
相對價格因素 英文
relative price factor
  • 相 : 相Ⅰ名詞1 （相貌; 外貌） looks; appearance 2 （坐、立等的姿態） bearing; posture 3 [物理學] （相位...
  • 對 : Ⅰ動詞1 （回答） answer; reply 2 （對待; 對付） treat; cope with; counter 3 （朝; 向; 面對） be tr...
  • 價 : 名詞1. （價格） price 2. （價值） value 3. [化學] （化合價） valence
  • 格 : 格象聲詞rattle; gurgle
  • 因 : Ⅰ動詞[書面語] （沿襲） follow; carry on Ⅱ介詞1 [書面語] （憑借; 根據） on the basis of; in accord...
  • 素 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （本色; 白色） white 2 （顏色單純） plain; simple; quiet 3 （本來的; 原有的） native Ⅱ名...
  • 相對 : 1. （面對面） opposite; face to face 2. （非絕對的） relative 3. （比較的） relatively; comparatively
  • 價格 : price; tariff
  1. Based on past researches on interpersonal perception and d. c funder ' s realistic accuracy model, this research examined the characteristics of interpersonal perception in internet chatting, including accuracy of interpersonal perception ( self - other agreement ), meta - accuracy, moderators of accuracy and meta - accuracy, the differences among self - ratings, other - ratings and metaperception, and moderators of likability. 84 undergraduate and graduate students interacted in internet by oicq one to one for thirty minutes, then completed a self - edit internet chatting questionaire including ratings on cattell ' s 16 personality traits and so on. the results showed that : ( 1 ) in internet chatting, perceivers were able to judge targets ' s some personality traits with some extent accuracy

    本研究在過去人際知覺研究的基礎上，以funder的現實的精確性模型為主要的理論依據，以84位在校大學生和研究生為被試，以卡特爾的16種人格特質為人格評價特質，採用自編的網上聊天的調查問卷以及人格特質特徵的評價量表，考察了網際網路網上聊天中的人際知覺的特點，其中主要包括網上聊天的人際知覺的精確性、元精確性、影響精確性和元精確性的因素（性別、與性別相關的刻板印象、知覺者和知覺對象的人格特點、網上聊天內容的真實程度、特質的可觀察性、社會期望值以及只憑言語內容來推斷某種特質的難易程度） 、自評和他評以及元知覺間的相互差異、影響聊天者受喜歡程度的因素。
  2. This article contains three parts, five chapters. the first part introduces the incentive models of actual bonus stock synoptically, analyses the stock on hand, option shares and stock option, the three kind of important incentive models, on rights and incumbencies, value and the incentive guidance by contrast. the second part discusses the difficulties and influential factors in the design of technical bonus stock, quests for the incentive models of technical bonus stock, analyses superiority and inferior position in action, difference and interosculation between them, discusses the need and significance for the technical bonus stock reanimation in the middle - small technicalfilms. in order to make use of the technical bonus stock distribution mechanism fully, inspire the talent of technologists, encourage their devotion to films, we have some important discussion on the technical bonus stock distribution policy, introduce the distributed models of technical bonus stock, point out the questions in the excutive course, and offer the solution correspondingly. in the third part, we discuss the technical stock option design on middle - small technical films, and consider the logical thoughtfulness in the course of reanimation as follows : the more outstanding achievement for the powered man the more increase on special target the lower price on technical option premium the more profit the more effective reanimation. in the parameter, a set of detailed program is designed, which includes establishment of incentive fund, institution of merit system for the plan ' s grantors, award of stock option, determination of premium, so as to reduce random in the incentive course, have a great effect on the mormative management for the

    本文內容共分為五章三大部分，第一部分概括性地介紹了現行股權激勵方式，對現股、期股和期權這三種重要的激勵方式，從權利義務、價值和激勵導向三個方面進行了對比分析；第二部分探討了技術股權設計的難點和影響因素，討論了我國中小科技企業技術股權激勵的方式，分析它們在激勵中的優勢和不足，以及它們之間的區別與聯系，並對中小科技企業實施技術股權激勵的必要性和意義進行了探討。在文中還重點討論了中小科技企業技術股權分配的策略，介紹了技術股權紅利分配方式，指出在技術股權激勵過程中應注意的問題，並提出相應的解決辦法，目的在於充分利用技術股權分配機制，來激發技術人員潛在的創新能力，激勵他們為企業作貢獻；第三部分著重探討了中小科技企業技術股份期權的方案設計，在激勵方面，按照技術期權獲受人的業績越突出特定的指標增長越快行權價越低獲利越多激勵效果越好的邏輯思路進行考慮；在參數設計方面，對技術期權計劃中激勵基金、授予和考核、行權價格等參數進行了詳細地分析設計，旨在減少技術期權激勵過程中的隨意性，為中小科技企業的規范化管理起到一定的指導和借鑒作用。
  3. Thesis point out : agricultural product market information system construction lag behind on market for farm products construction, scale of market for farm products, institutionalized degree low grade factor influence market for farm products collecting and distributing and transmitting the function to information relatively. agricultural product stronger in price fluctuation, dependence and a low one getting dispersed, in the forming process of and the price of agricultural product : basic price form with market, producing area price can reflect person who consume - price etc. factor weaken price direction function of information. agricultural product supply and marketing chain does not cooperate in the play chess state that caused inside system reasonless behavior of participant and feedback mistake of message understand

    指出：農產品市場信息體系建設滯後於農產品市場建設、農產品市場的規模化、制度化程度較低等因素影響了農產品市場對信息的集散和傳遞功能；農產品價格較強的波動性、相關性和較低的離散性，以及農產品價格形成過程中：基礎價格形成與市場之外、產地價格不能反映消費地價格等因素弱化了價格信息的導向功能；農產品供銷鏈的非合作博弈狀態造成內部參與者的系統非理性行為和對反饋信息的錯誤理解。
  4. The analysis showed that terms of trade and volatility of the output gap were predominant among the structural variables. the paper concluded that hong kong, as a small and open economy, was specialised and subject to high income volatility and business cycle fluctuations with relatively concentrated and limited domestic investment opportunities

    分析顯示貿易價格比率及產值差距波動是其中主要的結構性因素，並總結認為香港作為細小及開放型的經濟體系，情況獨特，備受收入大幅起伏經濟周期波動，以及本地投資機會相對集中與有限的影響。
  5. This article utilizes the questionnaire survey and the scene investigation method, conducts the investigation and study to the yangtze river delta area silk expense in the foundation, the utilization supplies and the demand balanced analysis theory, the time series law, the tendency pre - measurement, the season analyzes the pre - measurement, the elastic analysis theory, as well as method and so on return analytic method carries on the comprehensive analysis to the cocoon silk profession, promulgates the influence cocoon silk profession development in order to the restriction factor, and seeks corresponding solution silk market long - term equilibrium and weakens the price undulation frequent countermeasure

    本文運用問卷調查和現場調查方法，對長江三角洲地區的絲綢消費進行調查研究的基礎上，運用供給和需求均衡分析理論、時間序列法，趨勢預測法，季節分析預測法，彈性分析理論，以及回歸分析法等方法對繭絲綢行業進行全面的剖析，以求揭示影響繭絲綢行業發展的制約因素，並尋求相應解決絲綢市場長期均衡和減弱價格波動頻繁的對策。
  6. They began to investigate the empirical evidence of non - linearity and its policy implications. laxton, meredith and rose ( 1994 ), turner ( 1995 ), clark, laxton and rose ( 1996 ), debelle and laxton ( 1997 ) researched the one form of phillips curves ’ non - linearity ? convexity. basing on the above all researches, this paper discusses another form of non - linearity - - - the asymmetric price adjustment and the asymmetric phillips curves

    第四章是本文的結論部分，對于非對稱的價格調整和非對稱的菲利普斯曲線的成因進行了分析，認為與菜單成本相聯系的粘性價格是導致非對稱性的主要原因，而價格調整的非對稱性和菲利普斯曲線的非對稱性是導致貨幣政策非對稱的一個重要因素。
  7. Second, it turns to analyze the outside environment of chongqing pepsi - tianfu in details by using many theories in turn such as pest, five competition power, production life cycles and value chain, and its target is not only to find opportunities in politics, economic, technology, and social culture and also to feel threaten which results from substitute, supplier, new comer, customer and competitor of our company. then, it begins to seek the strength and weakness of this company by analyzing resource of itself in order to seek main problem s during present business operating, specially focusing on marketing promotion, cost controlling, human resource management and enterprise culture. at the same time, it concludes that the main present questions are caused by some history factors, faulty present management rules, incomplete human resource system, different leader types and weak base of enterprise culture

    然後，就運用pest法、行業競爭五種力量及價值鏈的戰略管理理論對公司的外部競爭環境進行詳細的分析，發現公司可能在政治、經濟、技術、社會文化上面臨的機會以及行業中替代品、供應商、新進入者、顧客、競爭對手正帶來的威脅；接著，運用資源分析法找出公司內部的優勢和劣勢，特別是目前存在的主要問題及其產生的各種主要原因，其中問題集中表現在市場營銷、成本控制、人力資源管理、企業文化四大方面，而產生原因則是公司的歷史、管理制度不夠完善、人才機制不健全、領導風格不相同、企業文化較薄弱等因素；接著，就是將內、外環境的分析結果通過swot方法進行戰略匹配和選擇，得出三個戰略方案，即：穩定發展戰略、密集型發展戰略和多元化發展戰略。
  8. In this study the penman discussed the complicated framework of the maize price, and particularly studied the main four parts : producing cost, circulating exes, margins, and taxes ; the factors that affect maize price are policies of government, value of money, supply and demand, system price difference, substitutions and etc ; some single and integrated modes of maize price forming are designed, and having forecasted the 2000 price of maize

    本文的主要內容是： （ 1 ）現行玉米價格體系龐大復雜，其構成分生產成本、流通費用、利潤、稅金四個部分。 （ 2 ）玉米價格形成受多種因素影響，主要是國家政策、貨幣價值、供求關系、差價體系、比價體系以及替代品和其他相關產品。 （ 3 ）建立了玉米價格預測的單個和綜合模型，對2000年價格進行預測。
  9. The model of this paper explores the links between the following factors and the credit rationing in china. the change of banks " attitude to credit risk may lead to credit rationing ; banks give much more emphasis on the trade cost and the payable value of collateral, which may give rise to credit rationing ; the decreasing of asset price during economic stagnation produces credit rationing ; the bias of banks " objective function from the maximization of profit and the transformation of the function relating to the reform of the financial system cause credit rationing ; if different parts of the whole markets are not integrated, the credit in the part with low capital return ratio will be rationed. during economic recession, banks tend to ration the credit in the high - risk market ; the removing of interest ceiling will narrow down the interest spread of deposit and credit at least during a period, which may strengthen credit rationing ; meanwhile, the vulnerable borrowers, including small and middle - sized enterprises, will get more credit from banks even though they have to pay a higher interest rate

    論文的模型探討了下列因素和中國信貸配給現象之間的聯系：商業銀行對信貸風險的態度變化，在辨別和控制信貸風險上開始投入大量的成本，這一過程會導致信貸配給；商業銀行對與法治環境相關的交易成本和抵押品清償價值的日漸關注會導致信貸配給；宏觀經濟緊縮時期資產價格下降會導致信貸配給；商業銀行經營目標函數偏離利潤最大化，近幾年金融業改革過程使商業銀行目標函數發生變化，這一變化過程可能導致信貸配給；在市場分化的條件下，收益水平低的市場會遭受信貸配給；在經濟下滑時期，商業銀行尤其會對高風險市場配給信貸；利率市場化使商業銀行的存貸利差至少在一段時間內縮窄，利差縮窄可能加重信貸配給的程度：在利率市場化條件下，弱勢借款者，包括中小企業，遭受信貸配給的程度可能得到緩解，但支付的貸款利率水平將會升高。
  10. First of all, i summarize the forecast model category and estimate each model in detail, then, i adopt different model to forecast demand, supply, bdi of bulk shipping market. as to demand forecast, i mainly focus on the imitating precision of primitive data, adopt grey forecast model, self - suited filter model separately, and then compose these models as a better one. as to supply forecast, i use econometrics model to describe the complicated relationship of demand, supply, bdi, gnp etc. as to bdi, i try to draw into market integrated factor, describe the relationship of bdi, supply, capacity, speed, rate of oil, navigating capital etc. then finally, i make afterwards evaluation of these models and then analyze future bulk shipping market in detail

    對于需求預測，著重考慮對原始數據的擬合精度，經過模型比較優選論證，分別採用了灰色一階模型，改進的灰色二階、自適應過濾預測的加權組合模型，得到了相當高的擬合精度；對于供給預測，運用計量經濟模型對供給、需求、運價、 gnp 、進出口貿易額等多變量之間復雜的相互關系進行動態模擬，定量的反映出各變量之間的因果關系；對于運價預測，嘗試引入市場綜合因數概念，化繁為簡，通過描述運價與運力供給、載重噸、油耗、航速、燃油價格、航行成本等等諸多因素的關系來進行預測。
  11. With the trend of openness and integration of globlal economy, exchange rate is playing more and more important role in influencing the allocation of global resources. the sensitivity of the price of tradale goods to exchange rate fluctuation becomes the focus of international economics because it is a critical vector and transmitter when an economy is confronted of exogenous impact. traditional international economics theory assume that nominal exchange rate fluctuation has complete pass - through effect, namely it ’ s change will introduce proportional change of tradable goods, then it will influence such macroeconomic vector as term of trade, import and export, inflation, employment, productivity, income allocation, and so on. from a microeconomic angle, including pricing to market, innovative behavior, menu cost and sunk cost, the paper probe into the pricing model of international enterprices under floating exchange rate and testify the incomplete pass - through of exchange rate and it ’ s detailed reason, then discuss the inspiration it has on china. it ’ s believable this kind of research will play a big part in china ’ s exchange rate scheme and some macroeconomic problems such as exchange rate tranmitting channel and effects, exchange rate fluctuating behavior

    傳統的國際經濟學理論認為，名義匯率的波動具有完全的傳遞性（ completepass - through ） ，即它的變化會引起同比例的進出口貿易品相對價格以及貿易品和非貿易品相對價格的變化，然後通過需求變動的支出轉移效應（ expenditureswitching ）來影響國內經濟的諸多宏觀變量，如貿易條件、進出口貿易額、通脹水平、就業量、勞動生產率以及收入分配等，本文從依市定價（ pricingtomarket ） 、創新行為、菜單成本以及沉澱成本等四個不同的微觀角度，通過對浮動匯率下國際壟斷競爭性生產廠商的定價模型具體而透徹的探討，論證了匯率的不完全傳遞性並深入分析了決定匯率傳遞彈性的重要影響因素，闡述了該理論對人民幣匯率的啟示，這樣的研究會對我國今後的匯率政策以及匯率的傳導機制、傳導效應、波動行為等宏觀經濟問題起到重要的作用。
  12. At first, this thesis analyzed some essential elements about the system of personal houe loan and make the compare to chinese and foreign system, and established the system of personal credit evaluate ; the second, the thesis discusses the investment technique and strategy of national debt in the provident fund, and established the model about how to invest the national debt ; the third, the thesis build the forecast model about fund collecting and drawing, and make use of the combination invest theories to build model of individual loan and national debt ; at last, the thesis analyses the risk ' s inside reason of house funds with the risk type, and to give out the related suggestion to funds risk. mechanism. the thesis research show me how to make use of that some models and methods in the process of haf management and make me deeply understand the house funds

    本文首先分析了個人住房貸款制度基本要素，即貸款期限、貸款利率與抵押物價值的比例、政府在個人住房貸款市場中的作用、貸款違約情況下的處置措施、個人住房貸款的流動性問題，並對中外製度作了比較，建立了個人信用評分評級體系和信用評估模型，並以重慶市住房公積金為研究對象做出了住房資金個貸風險評估的實證研究；其次，分析了影響國債價格走勢的因素，討論了公積金國債的投資技巧和策略，並建立了基於理論的國債投資組合模型；接下來，根據資產負債管理理論中的資金總庫法和資金分配法分析了公積金總體資金項目的來源和運用，並就此作了總量平衡模型，對住房公積金季度累計歸集金額作了直線回歸和季節趨勢比率預測，運用投資組合理論建立了公積金個人貸款和國債投資組合的最優化模型；最後，探析了住房資金風險的內在原因和風險類型，從資金籌集風險、信貸回歸風險、保險機制、法律風險和政策風險五個方面為住房資金風險防範機制建設提出了相關建議。
  13. In the second chapter, the concept of value multiple is introduced in details and a new valuation model is given at the end of this chapter. an important conclusion is drown through data analysis in american capital market in the chapter three : there is a strong relativity between the value multiple and the stock price. in the next chapter, we analyze those factors that they can weaken the effect of value multiple when we use it to judge the intrinsic value of securities in our country and countermeasures ^ against those factors

    本文第一章主要就證券價值分析的一般原理、常用方法以及存在的問題進行了探討；第二章主要就價值倍數法的理論基礎、計算公式進行闡述和推導，並最終構建了基於價值倍數概念上的估值模型；第三章主要通過美國資本市場的數據對價值倍數與股票價格之間的關系進行了探討，最後得出二者之間為正相關的結論；第四章主要就我國證券市場上影響價值倍數運用的主要因素以及對策進行探討，並通過實例演示證明價值倍數模型在我國證券市場運用的有效性；第五章對整個研究過程進行了總結，並就其中存在的問題提出了改進的思路以及進一步研究的方向。
  14. According to the sample prepared by hydrothermal method, the doping cations can enter the spinel lattice. rare earth cations mostly occupy position b because of their big radius. cerium are oxidized to ce4 +, whose radius is relatively small, and ce4 + mostly occupies position a. as a whole, the coercivity of cobalt ferrite doped with rare earth element is bigger than that of pure cobalt ferrite

    結果表明，對水熱法制備的鐵氧體粒子，雜質離子能夠進入其尖晶石晶格中，並因稀土離子的半徑較大，而絕大部分佔據尖晶石的b位，鈰元素因被氧化成為四價離子，離子半徑相對較小，而主要佔據a位。
  15. The arbitrage of commodity futures takes advantage of the price relation in different delivery month futures contracts. as market factors affecting short - term and long - term commodity future prices are not same, or the same factors may affect the market to different extent in the short term and long term, therefore their spread will change. the spread may deviate from the range of the price variation of the two contracts, or it may possibly form trend

    商品期貨套利交易利用不同期貨合約之間的價格關系來獲利，由於影響短期和長期期貨價格的市場因素不盡相同，或者同一因素對市場的短期影響和長期影響有別，反映在期價的變化上就是近期合約價格和遠期合約價格的變化幅度不一，最終導致不同期貨合約間的價差關系發生變化，價差可能脫離兩合約之間正常的價差變動范圍，也可能形成趨勢。
  16. The main reasons causing institution disorder are like the following : ( 1 ) the change of the supply chain institution ' s option aggregation, ( 2 ) technology innovation, ( 3 ) the change of other supply chain institution, like economy globalization, ( 4 ) the change of demand of institution, such as the price of element and product in the supply chain fluctuate in the long run

    引起制度不均衡的原因主要有四種： （ 1 ）供應鏈制度選擇集合的改變， （ 2 ）技術創新與變革， （ 3 ）其他制度安排的改變，如經濟全球化（ 4 ）供應鏈中的要素相對價格的長期變動。在供應鏈成員之間簽訂的關系合同中存在著若干自我實施機制，這使得供應鏈合作關系的建立成為可能。
  17. By analyzing the factor influence the risk endure capability, and combining the provision scale producer original endowment theory and other related theory, the author think that provision scale producer is risk evader, so it ' s quite important to conduct effective price risk

    通過對影響風險承受能力因素分析，結合糧食規模生產者初始資源稟賦和相關風險理論，筆者認為我國糧食規模生產者是風險規避者，對價格風險進行有效管理十分必要。
  18. The first part of this text recommends and explain the intension of the system of executive stock option with its key element, characteristic, current development, positive and negative effects, etc. which offering basic support for following analysis ; the second part, described the behavior of stock price and black - scholes option pricing model from the angle of quantitative analysis, and discuss the value factor of stock option with its encouragement, analyzed the change of every factor in black - scholes option pricing model impact on option worth ; then analyzed the leverage effects and manager ' s morals risk model of executive stock option, at last, considering the main defect existing in the system of executive stock option at present, that is : it depends on stock market unduly, and the stock option incomes of manager has no relationship with manager ' s achievement. this text bring forward the manager synthesizes achievement and appraises model

    本文的第一部分全面介紹和闡述了經理股票期權制度的內涵，構成要素，特點，發展情況和正負效應等，為後面的分析提供了基本支持；第二部分，從定量分析的角度出發描述了股票價格行為和black - scholes期權定價模型，並以此為理論基礎探討了股票期權的價值因素和激勵性，分析了black - scholes期權定價模型中各因素的變化對期權價值的影響；接著分析了經理股票期權的杠桿效應和經理人道德風險模型，最後，針對當前經理股票期權制度存在的主要缺陷即：過度依賴股票市場，經理的股票期權收入與公司的業績缺乏相關性這一問題提出了經理綜合業績評價模型。
  19. Since the martet system and enterprise system are closely related with the division of labour, evolution of the economic system is alse connected with division of labour. the division of labour eventually change the resourse endowment and relative price of production factor that the system depends on. as a result, if only institution evolution fails to meet the need of the constrction of factor endo wment and lacks new division of labour, it wo n ' t lead to economic growth and wo n ' t be widely accepted

    既然市場制度和企業制度與勞動分工息息相關，那麼，從整體上看，經濟制度的每一步變遷都和勞動分工相聯系著，因為勞動分工最終改變了制度賴以存在的資源察賦和生產要素相對價格，單純的制度變遷如果不符合要素察賦結構的需求且沒有新質勞動分工的支撐並不能導致經濟增長，其制度本身也難以被普遍認可。
  20. Component has its own concern - combining all services to a complete shopping cart for example, it could also include calls to a pricing service

    組件也有它自己的相關因素把所有的服務合併成一個完整的購物車（例如，它還可以包括對價格服務的調用） 。
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