相對工資 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [xiāngduìgōngzī]
相對工資 英文
relative wages
  • 相 : 相Ⅰ名詞1 （相貌; 外貌） looks; appearance 2 （坐、立等的姿態） bearing; posture 3 [物理學] （相位...
  • 對 : Ⅰ動詞1 （回答） answer; reply 2 （對待; 對付） treat; cope with; counter 3 （朝; 向; 面對） be tr...
  • 工 : Ⅰ名詞1 （工人和工人階級） worker; workman; the working class 2 （工作; 生產勞動） work; labour 3 ...
  • 資 : Ⅰ名詞1 （錢財; 費用） money; wealth; expenses 2 （資質） intelligence; endowment 3 （資格） quali...
  • 相對 : 1. （面對面） opposite; face to face 2. （非絕對的） relative 3. （比較的） relatively; comparatively
  1. Secondly, the paper brings out problems which are need to be solved as emphases by analyzing objectively the plant ' s cost control actuality, the existing problems and its reasons. the analysis indicates that because of high dependence on planned economy, exterior factors seriously restricting the reasonable price of fuel, the electrovalence being made by exterior, the deficiency of its interior mechanism and the big random of cost control, the enthusiasm that the plant manages and controls cost independently is badly hurt. thirdly, aiming at these leading problems, applying the present cost control theory and the main cost control methods of electricity enterprises both home and abroad, the paper designs and evaluates its cost control project at these aspects of productive technology, management, logistic control, financial management and the manpower cost, and lodges corresponding cost control project of every tache

    論文首先對當今國內外成本控制理論研究現狀和應用現狀進行了分析，包括成本性態分析、成本控制內容分析及成本控製程序與方法的分析，為論文研究打好了理論基礎；其次客觀全面地分析了永昌電廠成本控制的現狀和存在問題及其產生原因，其中包括計劃經濟色彩濃厚、外部因素嚴重製約燃料成本的合理配比、電價確定權在外，它嚴重挫傷企業成本管理與控制的自主積極性，也包括企業內部機制不全、成本控制的隨意性大等問題，這為本論文提出了需要重點解決的問題；然後針對永昌電廠在成本控制方面存在的主要問題，應用當今國內外成本控制的主要理論和發電企業成本控制主要方法，從生產技術、生產管理、物流控制、資金管理及人工成本等方面對永昌電廠成本控制方案進行了相對全面的設計和評價，提出相關環節的成本控制方案。
  2. The second part, have carried on the analysis of real example to the international competitiveness of the steel branch of industry of our country : of our country steel and iron industry basic competitiveness analyse mainly from " key element supply with " whether strength launch, including three respects of manpower, financial resources, material resources, are shown as high - level talent ' s shortage on the quantity of the manpower resources, it is unreasonable that the structure is shown as, personnel ' s whole quality is not high ; the resource respect of financial resources, shown as the capital market hypoplasia, industry ' s financing channel is relatively narrow, studies and uses incompletely about the modem investment and financing management method, the system defect of financing and deterioration of the environment for financing cause profit ability to be low

    第二部分，對我國鋼鐵行業的國際競爭力進行了實證分析：我國鋼鐵工業基礎競爭力分析主要從「要素供給」實力方面展開，包括人力、財力、物力資源三個方面，在人力資源的數量上表現為高層次人才短缺，結構上表現為不合理，人員整體素質不高；財力資源方面，表現為資本市場發育不全，產業融資渠道較窄，對現代投融資管理辦法研究和使用不夠，融資體制缺陷和融資環境惡化導致盈利能力低下。物力資源主要表現為礦產資源相對不足，水資源短缺，對交通運輸構成壓力等。
  3. In analyzing the research of branch companies performance evaluation of ningxia yinqi group, pointed out the disadvantages and inelasticity of " production value and output " branch companies performance evaluation system type, and also pointed out the solution was establishing the type of " financial and developing " system, which was fit for the stratagems and the organize changing of the group. based on this, the qualitative and quantitative evaluation system and methods on financial benefit, asset operating, sinking ability and developing ability have been built. the system closely centered on the stratagem of subsistence, development and accrual combining with the influences of the performance

    在建立下屬企業績效評價體系和方法的過程中，緊緊圍繞企業生存、發展、獲利的戰略目標要求並結合企業績效的實際影響因素，提出了以財務效益、資產運營、償債能力和發展能力為主導的定性和定量評價相結合的評價體系和方法，在評價指標的選取上做到互相補充，在評價方法上建立從單一評價到綜合評價直至形成整體評價的方式，在定性評價上採取了絕對數、相對數和相互對比評價的方法，在定量評價上結合層次分析法（ ahp ）等相關評價方法的基礎上建立了綜合評價模型，適合於計算機軟體處理數據以提高評價工作效率。
  4. The paper introduces the risk analysis and evaluation method of engineering investment based on fuzzy mathematics and a new way of calculating steelyard weight. the new way of calculating steelyard weight remedies the limit of the common way and reduces the time of calculating. the paper keeps the principle of synthesizing the way of the qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis

    文章介紹了基於模糊理論和一種新的權重系數計算方法對工程項目投資進行風險分析和評估，這種新的權重系數計算方法彌補了常規方法的局限性，並大大地減少了計算量，遵循定性分析與定量分析相結合的原理，將模糊理論與這種新的權重系數計算方法有效的結合在一起。
  5. The primary causes of the regime shortage are the state monopoly and the state control over the education. the primary cause of the structure shortage is that the budgetary appropriations are not in favor of the compulsory education and the underdeveloped district. then this article puts forward some suggestion to alleviant these kinds of educational shortage : to raise the repay of human capital ; to initiate a system of public financial regulation ; to increase the government appropriation for education ; to relax the state control over education ; to improve the form of the financial transference expenditure, and so on

    總量性短缺的成因主要是我國人口多、經濟發展水平低，教育投資資本邊際效率遞減趨勢、教育投資預期收益相對偏低等；財政性短缺的主要成因是在國家加快推進工業化特別是優先發展重工業的戰略下，政府財政支出的重點必然傾向物質生產部門，而近二十年的財政制度創新都因利益格局的剛性只能作有限突破等；體制性短缺的成因主要是政府壟斷阻礙各類要素往教育領域的流入等；結構性短缺的成因主要是分級分權撥款體制無法保證教育投資的公平等。
  6. After a deep study on the regulations concerning the teachers construction in the university, the author interviewed the related persons, gathered the views and suggestion from a mass of teachers. borrowing the experience form a number of prestigious universities in the country and guided by the theory of human resources management, the theory of organization behavior, the theory of management covered so far, the author analysizes the current situations in the teachers construction of the university, points out the existing shortcomings and puts forth the methods for further improvement the paper consists of 5 parts : preface ; introduction to the current situation of the university ; the existing situation of the teachers construction ; its current construction patterns ; the construction framework proposed ( conclusion and suggestions )

    作者在深入研究了山東理工大學師資隊伍建設有關規章的基礎上，對師資隊伍建設相關部門負責人及工作人員進行了走訪，認真搜集了廣大教師對師資隊伍建設的意見和建議，並借鑒了部分知名高校在這方面的成功經驗，以所學的人力資源管理、組織行為學、管理學等理論為指導，分析了山東理工大學師資隊伍建設現狀，陳述了存在的不足並闡述了改進方法，提出了今後一段時間該校師資隊伍建設的具體措施。
  7. Further analyses with additional interaction terms in models specify some groups who bore most increases of gender wage inequality : labors over 40 - year - old group, in non - state sector or being blue - collar job ; by contrast, among labors below 40 - year - old, workers in state sector or white - collar employees, gender gaps appear relatively insignificant

    進一步利用交叉項分析發現性別工資差距的擴大主要表現在初中以下文化程度、 40歲以上年齡組、非國有部門和藍領職業的人群中；而在高中以上教育程度、 40歲以下年齡組、國有部門和白領職業的勞動力中表現相對不明顯。
  8. The first chapter of this paper analyses the background and meaning of the establishment of disciplines navigation system for network resources. with the rapid increase of network academic information resource, search engine as the web primary retrieval tool can " t meet the retrieval request of specialty information resources ; traditional cataloging techniques can " t meet the needs of magnanimous network academic resources ; most of the " navigation of networks " established by libraries are the simple link of websites. it lacks the necessary revelation and evaluation of resources content

    本文在第1章分析了網路資源學科導航系統建設的背景和意義：隨著網路學術信息資源的飛速增長，作為web主流檢索工具的搜索引擎難以高效、準確、全面地完成專業信息資源的檢索請求；傳統編目技術也無力承擔海量網路學術資源編目的需求；圖書館所建的「網海導航」多數為對網站（頁）的鏈接，缺乏對資源內容必要的揭示與評價；國內對網路學術資源標準化的研究也相對滯後於國外。
  9. The specialized committee for logistics equipment of cflp ( china federation of logistics & purchasing ), which is initiated by some renowned chinese logistics enterprises, is a sub - branch of cflp

    中國物流與采購聯合會物流裝備專業委員會是由國內著名物流企業發起成立，直屬于中國物流與采購聯合會的社團分支機構，具備相對獨立開展社團工作的資格。
  10. ( 1 ) the economic characteristics decide the development of world aquaculture. because of the character of denseness of resource and labour, countries which have longer coastline, more population and which are not developed have high output of aquatic product. because of the nature of aquatic consume, the demand of aquatic product is high, while less resources are allot in aquaculture in developed country, which decides the activity of international trade of aquatic, high value aquatic product favor to developed countries. because the high increase of world population, aquatic resource crock up increasingly. the output of aquatic product ca n ' t increase high in a longer time, but with the advance of

    由於水產品生產的資源和勞動密集特徵，沿海海岸線長、人口多、欠發達國家水產品產量高，發達國家、海岸線短、內陸水資源相對稀缺的國家水產品產量低。由於水產品消費具有兩重性、水產品需求彈性大的特點，發達國家對水產品需求量大，而發達國家的資源較少分配到水產品生產上，這就決定了水產品國際貿易比較活躍，並且高價值水產品流向發達國家。由於水產品的易腐特性，國際水產品貿易主要品種為水產加工品。
  11. When you were a kid, happiness was as easy as cudding a puppy. fast forward to today and happiness is more about making money and materialism than truly enjoying yourself. whilst nothing would make me smile as much as a massive pay - rise, money can ' t buy happiness. your bank balance depends entirely on your salary but your happiness balance depends solely on you. let ' s face it - nobody else can make you happy. happiness is something you have to create for yourself

    尚為孩童之時，幸福來得就像擁抱一隻小貓小狗那樣容易.隨著時光的流逝，今曰的幸福早已物化，不再是自己對美好生活的享受，而是和賺錢聯系在了一起.除了工資飛漲以外，似乎再也沒有什麼能夠讓我開懷，然而金錢卻無法買得幸福.你的銀行存款和你的薪水緊密相連，但幸福的存摺全然取決於你自己.讓我們直面它吧- - -除了自己，沒有什麼人能夠讓你感受到幸福.幸福是需要自己創造的
  12. Financial - components approach focuses on control and differentiates derecognition of transferred asset from recognition of new financial instruments arising from securitization. it is preferable to the traditional mode, but the inconsistencies and inevitable quantities identification also exists in the approach. comparing to this, continuing involvement approach which focuses on " no continuing involvement " and allows the transfer accounted for as part - sale will delimitate that limitations

    美國現行的金融合成分析法將「控制權轉移」作為銷售確認的判斷標準，並且將轉讓資產的終止確認和轉讓所產生的新的金融工具的確認區分開來，克服了傳統會計確認模式的缺陷，但是在具體運用「控制」概念時缺乏內在的一致性，且無法避免「相對數量」的判斷。
  13. The fallacy of composition is a kind of " macro - market failure ", so the stabilization policy should be chosen by the state. also, the paper analyzed the economic bodies " responses and the state ' s behaviors in the deflationary environment, and studied the price fluctuations in the money angle, and finally summarized the causes of the deflation in our country, pointing out that over - investment is the main factor. several suggestions about setting up some institutional and physical infrastructure facilities are brought forward in the end

    本文所做的工作還包括對通貨緊縮環境中微觀經濟主體的反應以及政府（央行）的行為進行了分析，並從貨幣角度對物價變動和通貨緊縮的形成作了探討，最後對我國通貨緊縮形成的原因進行了總結，認為90年代初期以來過度投資造成的生產能力相對過剩是引起我國通貨緊縮的主要原因，而抑制高通脹的「雙緊」政策、亞洲金融危機的沖擊以及國內一系列重大改革措施的負面影響等原因，則在一定程度上提前、加劇或延長了我國的通貨緊縮。
  14. It ’ s done several tasks concretely as followed : 1 ) analyze and research mrm and its training curriculum ‘ s background and development ; conclude the principle of mrm, content and its thinking methods systematically ; summarize foreign scholars ’ research fruits on the performance examination of mrm. 2 ) research maintenance human factors and come up with a frame of maintenance human errors analysis and its categories. in the mean time, point out that people need to look upon mrm as a conprehensial measure to reduce human errors in mrm ’ s research and practice3 ) relatively deeply and meaningfully research on how to introduce and execute mrm in our country ’ s aviation circle ; put forward researching results on introducing mrm as well as key jobs we need to do in the future in our country

    具體做了以下幾個方面的研究工作:一是分析研究了維修資源管理及其訓練課程的產生發展及其背景，系統地歸納了維修資源管理的原理內容及其思想方法，總結了國外學者對維修資源管理績效考核的研究成果;二是對維修人為因素做了相關研究，提出了維修差錯原因分析及維修差錯分類框架，指出在對維修人為因素的研究和實踐中，需要更多地採取維修資源管理及其訓練這樣的綜合性措施去減少維修人為差錯;三是對國內航空界引進並實行維修資源管理做出了相對深入並有實際意義的研究與探索，對國內引進並實施維修資源管理及其訓練課程以及將來的重點工作，提出了研究結論。
  15. Some groups have defined poverty in relative terms and attempted to draw a poverty line by relative levels of wages or family income between different groups in the same economy

    有些團體採用相對貧窮的定義，按同一經濟體系內不同組別的工資或家庭收入的相對水平，嘗試釐定貧窮線。
  16. From the second to the fifth chapter such problems concerning state - owned property right are illustrated respectively as its definition, valuation and price fixing and capital sources of undertaking party and the disposal and use of transfer income. problems are raised with regard to the process of current property right system diversity in state - owned enterprises, such as the disagreement to the definition of state - owned property right, no standard of evaluation, imperfection of price fixing system and relative confusion of transfer income disposal and use. what ' s more, new solutions are offered : the probe into state - owned property right definition " changsha model " is confirmed positively ; two specific ways of quantification - - " the method of average growth rate of state - owned property right " and " the method of average cost of labor in market " ; the concept " present value of earnings " is applied to the property evaluation of receivable accounts, finished goods, invisible assets and so on ; the unjust in price fixing of state - owned property right can be avoided by improving property valuation methods, perfecting capital market especially property right trading market and bettering information publishing system ; as to the guarantee problem of human resources financial contribution, an original key is offered

    第一章運用產權理論對國企產權多元化改革進行經濟學分析；第二章至第五章主要圍繞國有產權的界定問題、評估問題、定價問題、承接方的資金來源問題、轉讓收入的處置運用問題分別進行闡述，指出了當前國企產權多元化過程中存在著國有產權界定不統一、評估不規范、定價機制不完善、處置運用相對混亂等諸多問題，並提出新的解決思路：肯定國有產權界定「長沙模式」的積極探索意義，提出量化職工創造剩餘價值的「國有資產平均增長率法」和「平均市場勞動成本法」 ；將「收益現值」概念運用到對應收賬款、產成品、無形資產等資產評估之中；應從完善資產評估方法、完善資本市場特別是產權交易市場和健全信息公開機制三個方面來解決國有產權定價不公問題；就人力資本出資的擔保問題提出實際債務承擔額（比例）應小於名義出資額（比例）的新思路，並認為人力資本市場上的交易價格應包括絕對出資額和相對出資額兩部分。
  17. After a period of growth, relative wage between skilled and unskilled worker may be steady or slow down, if low - skill workers can also benefit from new gpt, or there is decreasing of scale in r & d

    因為新技術提供了更多的利潤機會，更多的研究人員投入到新技術的開發，提高了技術進步速度和使用新技術工人的相對工資。
  18. In the forth chapter, we discuss the effect of outsourcing and foreign - direct - investment ( fdi ) from the north on the rate of technical change and wage gap between skilled and unskilled workers in the south and the north

    發展中國家的相對工資取決于技術變化速度、相對效率的變化、勞動力供給和技能分佈。大量低技能工人產生了向下的工資壓力。而高技能工人則進入到技能密集型行業。
  19. Competition from the south reduced the demand for low skilled labor in the north, and their relative wage decreased, which making becoming skilled more attractive, increasing the supply of skilled labor. more skilled labor in the north will go into r & d sector, which speeding up the innovation rate, and making skilled labor in a more advantageous condition

    相對工資的上升，使更多的人接受教育，在短期內對工資有負影響，但在長期會通過擴大高技能工人使用技術的市場，帶來更多的技能偏向的創新和對高技能的需求。
  20. This paper begins with the introduction of research findings about related payment and stimulation theories at home and abroad, analyze the essence of payment administration, the function of payment system design, and the factors which affect the design, and explain the shaping and development process of the old payment system of ningbo vocational & technological college. at the base of the above, from the angle of the college ' s development strategy, with the application of the latest theoretic findings, following the principles of fairness, competitiveness, stimulation and the economic rules of payment design, the paper mainly redesign the structure salary, meanwhile explore the annual payment system by adopting the mixed methods of quality and quantity

    本文從介紹國內外相關工資理論和激勵理論的研究成果入手，通過對薪酬管理的實質、薪酬體系設計的作用、影響薪酬設計的因素分析，在對寧波職業技術學院舊有薪酬體系的發展、形成過程及現狀剖析的基礎上，站在學院發展的戰略高度，遵循薪酬設計的公平性、競爭性、激勵性及經濟性原則，運用目前國內外最新理論成果，採用定性與定量相結合的方法，重點對結構工資進行再設計，同時對年薪制加以探討。
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