相對首向上 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [xiāngduìshǒuxiàngshàng]
相對首向上 英文
relative head-up
  • 相 : 相Ⅰ名詞1 （相貌; 外貌） looks; appearance 2 （坐、立等的姿態） bearing; posture 3 [物理學] （相位...
  • 對 : Ⅰ動詞1 （回答） answer; reply 2 （對待; 對付） treat; cope with; counter 3 （朝; 向; 面對） be tr...
  • 首 : Ⅰ名詞1 （頭） head 2 （首領） leader; head; chief 3 （表示方位） aspect 4 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ動...
  • 上 : 上名詞[語言學] （指上聲） falling-rising tone
  • 相對 : 1. （面對面） opposite; face to face 2. （非絕對的） relative 3. （比較的） relatively; comparatively
  1. And understanding and studying the spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets in the experimental area, raising that it is the basis of geo - targets information collection with imaging spectrometer data to understand spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets, realizing that in a great extent spectral - integrated - form - based classification method can remove the phenomenon of " different spectrum with same objects " resulted from reflection ratio curve translation because of the angle change among sensor, targets and observation direction, and the average and variance images can be introduced to solve the problem of two kinds of geo - target with similar spectral forms and much different values of whole reflection ratio. it is suggested that " red edge " range bands of vegetation, which has close relationship with vegetation cover and biomass, is the main characteristic bands and important basis for careful vegetation classification and quantitative retrieval, and pixel - based derivative spectral analysis is very useful for removing the effects of soil background values and quantitatively retrieving vegetation biomass and cover. the remote sense quantitative retrieval model is developed for main appraisable factors of desertification monitoring assessment with imaging spectrometer data and then the applicability of model is analyzed

    研究結果如下：首先針對荒漠化地區的地物特徵，對高光譜數據不同波段的數據質量、波段組合進行了評價，提出了適用於荒漠化監測的基本波段選擇集；初步了解和掌握了研究地區的地物光譜特性及變異規律，進一步明確了掌握地物光譜特徵和變異規律是用成像光譜儀數據提取地物信息的基礎；發現了基於光譜整體形狀的分類方法在很大程度上能夠消除由於傳感器、地物目標觀測方向之間的角度變化引起的反射率曲線整體平移的「同物異譜」現象，對于譜形相似而整體反射率的值相差較大的兩類地物，通過引入均值和方差圖像參與分類得到解決；研究還表明在植被「紅邊」范圍內的波段是進行荒漠化監測的主要特徵波段，這些波段與植被生物量和蓋度都有密切的關系，是開展精細植被分類研究和植被定量反演的重要基礎；像元的導數光譜分析可以消除土壤背景的影響，是進行植被生物量和蓋度定量反演的有力工具；建立了荒漠化監測主要評價因子的定量反演模型，並分析了模型的適用性。
  2. At first, this paper analyzes the factors of water - sand influencing water level of yellow river and the feasibility just using the factors of water - sand to study water level, and collects the corresponding data ; secondly, because there are strong nonlinear relation in the corresponding data, by meticulous theory analysis, this paper integrates basic nonlinear analysis method, theory of random analysis, method of least squares and so on. it puts forward a method which can get the high accuracy simulation of the data, perfects the multi - factor analysis of variable ( over three factors ) of the statistic ; thirdly, it applies the method to the approximation of corresponding water level process which belong to the capacity of sand of middle - high and middle - low, and get the high - accuracy simulation about the typical nonlinear relation ; at last, this paper definitudes the main influence mode that the capacity of sand. it mainly unite with other factors to work on the water level in the yellow river lower reaches ; mor eover, this paper analyzes the difficult point and the direction of improvement to realize the accuracy forecasting of the flood level of erodible - bed channel

    首先，系統分析了影響黃河水位的水沙因素，及僅用水沙因素有效研究水位的可行性，並按變量對應思想採集它們的相應數據；其次，由於相應水位過程數據中含極強的非線性關系，本論文經細致的理論分析，將基本的非線性分析方法、統計建模方法、隨機分析理論、最小均方誤差原則等等數學理論及方法有機揉合，提出了能有效實現這類數據高精度擬合的分層篩選法，並改進了統計學中多因子（三個以上）方差分析法；再次，將這一方法用於黃河中高及中低含沙類洪水相應水位過程的擬合，實現了這一典型非線性關系的高精度擬合，各年汛期上下游相應洪水位過程的擬合誤差都較小；最後，明確黃河下游含沙量對水位的主要影響方式，即含沙量主要是與其它因素聯合對水位作用；另外分析了要實現變動河床洪水位過程準確預報的困難所在及改進方向。
  3. First, it was taken that a discuss about the effects of geometry parameters of each piezocrystal on direction parameters ( main lobe width, side lobe amplitude, elimination of grating lobes ), amplitude of ultrasonic pressure, element viberation pattern, mutual radiation among elements, efficient test regions, ability to keep accurate and near - field distance and so on. based on the direction of ultrasonic field in ulpa deduced by ourselves. in addition, on the base of integrating all kinds of factors, it was put forward that the principle and method for optimized design of geometry parameters of piezocrystals in ulpa transducer, and its design programme and interface were compiled

    首先在推導超聲相控線陣換能器聲場的指向性的基礎上，就各個晶片幾何參數對指向性指標（主瓣寬度、旁瓣幅度、消除柵瓣） 、聲壓幅值、陣元振動模式、陣元間互輻射、有效檢測區域、精確控制能力、近場長度等方面的影響進行了論述，並在綜合各方面影響的基礎上，提出了晶片幾何參數優化設計的原則和方法，編寫了設計程序和界面。
  4. Its main contributions include the following several aspects : firstly, the dissertation constructs the mathematic model of short baseline orientation determination using two geostationary satellites and analyses the applicable conditions of carrier phase interferometry. orientation determination precision is analysed in depth through both the conventional linearized method and monte - carlo computer simulation method, and the mathematical simulation results show that the linearized method has the shortcoming of fairly low elevation error analysis precision in high latitude area so as not to be very appropriate there. by analyzing the definite factors influencing orientation precision, the dissertation develops the concept of orientation dilution of precision, which uncovers the internal cause of exotic error behavior of bi - satellite orientation, and has important guiding significance for practical engineering applications

    本文系統地研究了基於「北斗一號」衛星載波相位干涉測量原理實現地球靜止雙星定向的相關技術，主要研究成果包括以下幾方面:首先，建立了利用兩顆地球靜止軌道衛星進行短基線定向的數學模型，分析了載波相位干涉測量的適用條件;採用傳統的線性化解析法及蒙特卡洛隨機模擬法兩種途徑對雙星定向的精度進行了詳細分析，數學模擬結果表明在高緯度地區線性化解析法由於俯仰角誤差分析精度略有下降而不太適合;在分析定向精度確定性影響因素的基礎上，提出了雙星定向精度衰減因子odop的概念，揭示了雙星定向誤差特殊表現的內部機理，對實際工程應用具有重要的指導意義。
  5. By performing fourier transformation, the relationship between the turbulent intensity of the particle and that of the carrier fluid was obtained which makes clear that particle size, specific gravity, velocity gradient, and the characteristic frequency of energy - containing eddies are four basic influencing parameters. it is proven theoretically that under certain conditions, the stream - wise and transverse particle turbulent intensities exceed those of the carrier fluid. based on the equations of two - phase flow, the presence of fine sediment suspension is shown to attenuate the turbulent intensity of the water

    通過對細小顆粒在剪切流場中運動方程的fourier分析，得到了顆粒脈動強度和流體脈動強度之間的定量關系，表明顆粒粒徑、顆粒密度、流速梯度以及紊動場含能旋渦的特徵頻率是影響顆粒脈動強度的主要因素，首次從理論上證明了在一定條件下，顆粒在縱、垂向的脈動強度均會超過相應的流體脈動強度，為已有的實測資料提供了合理的解釋。
  6. At first, according to the needs of economic development at present, we should take measure to improve the current budget accounting system ; then, with the reform the classification setup of government revenue and outlay, we should make great effort to establish the government financial accounting system in the future. our government accounting and financial reports can be improved by adopting the good practice in public sector accounting and financial reporting around the world and the successful experience in the reformation of china " s enterprise accounting and financial reports

    在具體改革步驟上，我認為可以分兩步走，首先，在近期根據經濟發展和財政管理改革的需要，針對當前迫切需要解決的問題，對現行的預算會計制度採取必要的改進措施；然後，在經濟體制和財政管理制度不斷深化改革的過程中，努力創造條件，推進預算會計制度向比較規范的政府會計制度轉換，建立符合社會主義市場經濟體制要求的，與國際慣例相一致的中國政府會計制度。
  7. Further investigated and analyzed composition structure and flow data that dsa ' s formation of image is systematic at first in this paper, carried on intact summing up to the data in the system, having given out the plan of design of high speed and large capacity data channel of digital formation of image system of x - ray ; deeper discussion of control way on sdram, give solution that many pieces of sdram works togetherses of realizing heavy capacity, designing of heavy capacity deposit board realize storing at a high speed to vision data by frame on the basis of this ; through further investigations of interface of pci bus, optimize back end state machine design and urge procedure making with lower, giving intact pci interface scheme that realize high speed dma data transmission and satisfy request of video transmitting ; further investigate the figure systematic design method of programmable logic devices, due to the difficult point of drifting about of enabled signal in fifo in common use and setting up and keeping of output signal, method has been proposed of improving stability of system making use of signal utilizing the phase locking ring in fpga to offer a lot of clocks to move thus realize coordinating the data between every module of system to transmit at a high speed by making use of fifo

    本文首先對數字減影血管造影（ dsa ）成像系統的組成結構和數據流向進行了深入研究和分析，並對系統中的數據流向進行了完整的歸納和總結，給出了x線數字成像系統中的高速大容量數據通道的設計方案；在對sdram的控制方式做了深入探討后，給出了實現大容量多條sdram共同工作的解決方案，在此基礎上設計了大容量幀存板實現對圖象數據進行高速存儲；通過對pci總線介面的深入研究，優化後端狀態機設計和低層驅動程序開發，給出了完整的pci介面方案實現高速dma數據傳輸，完全可以滿足視頻傳輸要求；深入研究了基於大規模可編程器件的數字系統設計方法，針對通用fifo使能信號漂移、輸出數據難于建立和保持等設計難點，提出了利用fpga中的鎖相環提供多個時鐘相移的信號來提高系統穩定性的解決方案，從而實現利用fifo來協調系統各模塊之間的數據高速傳輸。
  8. Thirdly, it simulated the pumping circuit & dividing circuit with the widely used software matlab / simulink. the displacement of the rod piston and the impact of hydraulic are analyzed in the different input flow ( frequency of pump ) and different reversing time. it found out the cause of hydraulic impact ( one - to - one incorrespondence between the response time of dividing circuit and the operation time of rod piston ), and gave some methods to weaken hydraulic impact. in the final part of the paper, the reliability of the theory analysis is further verified by the experiment of hydraulic system

    首先在流變學原理的基礎上，深入分析混凝土在輸送管道內的流動狀態，得出混凝土泵的負載特性方程；然後根據功率鍵合圖的建模方法，建立泵送迴路和分配迴路的數學模型，並運用模擬軟體matlab simulink對泵送和分配迴路模型進行了模擬，分析了在不同的輸入流量（泵送頻率）和換向時間下，活塞桿的位移和系統的液壓沖擊情況，找到了引起液壓沖擊的根本原因（即分配迴路的響應時間（固定值）與活塞桿的運動時間（變化值）不相匹配） ，並提出了相應的改進方法。
  9. He pointed out that, according to the principle of constancy of light velocity, the length of an object in the direction of its movement looked shorter when relative speed of the object was high enough

    對這一論點誰也沒有產生過懷疑，但有一個人對此首先發難，他就是愛因斯坦。本世紀初1905年，愛因斯坦提出：當物體的相對速度較大時，這個物體沿運動方向的長度「看上去」會變短。
  10. Speaker : the resulting action, known now by all the world, has marked sunday. september the third, 1939, as a date to be long remembered. at eleven - fifteen this morning the prime minster, speaking to the nation from number ten downing street, announced that great britain is at war with germany. meanwhil the london public are earnestly reminded of the emergency orders already issued. no light of any descrption should be visible after blackout time. no dogs or cats will be allowed to roam the streets after dark and it should be remembered that pets will not be permitted in public air raid shelters. gas masks and warm clothing should be placed at hand before retiring and it is suggested that a warm drink in a thermos would be of great comfort to small children who might have to be awakened at an unusual hour. every effort should be made to quiet the nerves of those children who still remain in london despite the evacuation which will continre until a late hour this evening

    揚聲器:現在全世界都知道了，一會最後的決議標志著1939年9月3日星期日將成為一個永遠值得紀念的日子，今天上午11點15分，首相在唐寧街10號向全國宣布英國對德國宣戰，在次我們提醒倫敦市民認真遵守已發布的緊急狀態命令:在燈火管制時間里不得有任何燈光，天黑以後不得有狗貓在街上游蕩.並且切記在公共防空洞里不得有寵物.睡覺前應將防毒面具和于寒衣物放在順手的地方，我們建議暖瓶中都沖好熱水或飲料，這對安定在非常?不得不被叫醒的兒童非常有溢.應該盡量穩定那些仍留在倫敦的兒童的情緒.疏散工作將繼續進行.直到深夜
  11. Equations of mesh, shorting contact line, undercutting limit line, meshing limit lines and the existence conditions, angle between the direction of relative speed and the direction of contact line, induced normal curvature about every point on the contact line are established. moreover, the paper also theoretically analyzed the error of the grinded gear surface. on the basis of the theory, the computer program is worked out to automatically produce the contact line and the boundary curves of mesh. analysis of meshing circs under different parameters can be done so that we can gain the best process condition

    首先對漸開面二次包絡理論進行了深入的探討，推導出了兩次嚙合的嚙合方程式、瞬時接觸線方程式、根切界限線方程式、嚙合界限線的方程式及其存在條件，相對運動速度方向與接觸線方向的夾角及接觸線上各點的誘導法曲率；此外，還對磨齒后工件的齒面誤差進行了理論分析；並在理論基礎上編制了相應的計算機程序，自動生成接觸線族及嚙合界限線，對不同參數條件下的嚙合情況進行分析，可以使工藝條件達到最佳狀態；最後研究了磨齒裝置，設計了磨齒機的傳動系統。
  12. To gain better innovation performance, enterprises should promote total synergy of these six key agents under the paradigm of tim ; 2 ) the five - phase process model of total synergy, named c ~ ( 3 ) is is brought forward in this paper, contact / communication, competition / conflict, cooperation, integration and synergy as general five phases in the process of enterprise ' s technology innovation ; 3 ) based on literature review and the result of empirical research from more than 100 large and middle chinese enterprises, some important factors are summaried, and approaches to promot the total synergy of all innovation agents are recommended ; 4 ) synergy betweentechnology and every non - technology agent innovation has strong positive corelation to the degree of total synergy, among which synergy between technology and market agent contributes most, following is between technology and institution agent, technology and organization agent, technology and strategy agent, and the synergy between technology and culture agent contributes least ; the quantitative relations ( regression equation ) between them are : degree of total synergy = synergy between technology and organization agent 0. 16 + synergy between technology and institution agent 0. 38 + synergy between technology and market agent 0. 46 - 2. 70

    首先結合國內外文獻和面向全國100餘家大中型工業企業的211份調查問卷的實證研究得出了創新要素全面協同的影響因素。在此基礎上，從戰略與領導、制度、組織結構與流程、文化、溝通與知識共享等方面總結出了促進各創新要素協同的方法與途徑； 4 .技術與各非技術創新要素的兩兩協同對于要素全面協同程度都有較強正相關性，其中對于全而協同程度貢獻最大的是技術與市場要素的協同，其次是技術與制度、技術與組織、技術與戰略，而技術與文化要素的協同對于全面協同的貢獻相對較少。實證得出各要素協同與全面協同程度間的定量關系是（線性回歸方程） :要素全面協同程度二技術與組織要素協同x0 . 16 +技術與制度要素x0 . 38 +技術與市場要素xo . 46一2 . 70 。
  13. In this evaluation system, it ' s the first time to take corporate culture as a significant indicator, and combined with the hr indicator this paper stands out some positive infections which is important to the comprehensive development capacity, including the intangible assets and the potential resources owned by high - tech corporations such as the intelligent factors, valuation viewpoint, etc. the quantitative indicators used in this method are all relative ones to avoid the effects from the aggregate factors of enterprises such as scale and gross income, which results in the comparative attribute without considering the scale of enterprises, it ' s also the first time to put forward the notion of the comprehensive development capacity of high - tech enterprises, which is based on the enterprises capacity theory concerned and integrated with the characteristics of high - tech enterprises and the developmental modes and features

    在其評價指標及體系中，第一次將企業文化作為重要的評價指標，與人力資源指標相結合，突出高新技術企業的智力因素、價值觀、理念等無形資產和潛在資源與能力對企業綜合發展能力的重要積極作用，並且所有定量指標採用了相對指標，盡量排除企業的規模、總收入等總量因素的影響，使其評價結果不僅在縱向上，而且在橫向上的不同規模企業之間具有可比性。本文在研究有關企業能力理論的基礎上，將高新技術企業的特點以及發展的模式和特徵相結合，首次提出了高新技術企業綜合發展能力的概念。
  14. For displaying the initial date aquired from sea chart correctly in three different display modes ( relative head up motion, relative north up motion, true north up motion ), a series of coordinate conversion are necessary. in the second chapter, data structure and various coordinates conversion are discussed in details

    要使從海圖錄入的原始數據能夠在3種不同的顯示方式（船首向上的相對運動顯示方式、北向上的相對運動顯示方式和北向上真運動顯示方式）下正確的顯示出來，必然要在幾個坐標系（圖板坐標系、屏幕坐標系、平面直角坐標系和地理坐標系）中進行一系列的坐標變換。
  15. Instead, this view defines training load as information, on which it has exceeded the traditional view. the value of this advantage lies in several aspects : first, it serves as a theoretical guidance leading the study of sports training science from the surface level to a deepened level approaching to its essence just like the understanding of substance is advancing from molecular level to atomic level. secondly, it will lead the study of training load to unity and accuracy in practice

    這種觀點超越了利用其屬性進行定義的階段，其意義是：首先它將在理論上引導運動訓練學的研究從「表面化」 （注：不是貶義，僅相對而言）走向「深入化」 ，這好比對物質的認識從分子水平走向原子水平一樣，更加接近其本質的東西；其次，它將在實踐中引導人們對運動負荷的研究走向統一和精確。
  16. Classifying the product platform design method into two kinds : bottom - up approach and top - bottom approach the foundation of the bottom - up approach lies in defining the product platform according to the function structure of the products at first, a series of products are derived from adding, reducing, modifying corresponding function module basing of the product platform, and realizing the product family design

    將產品平臺設計方法總結為兩大類：自底向上法（ bottom - upapproach ）和自頂向下法（ top - bottomapproach ）自底向上法的基礎在於首先根據產品功能結構確定產品平臺，通過對產品平臺添加、減少、修改相應的功能模塊衍生出一系列產品，從而實現產品族的設計。
  17. And use relative fitting error to measure statistical data non - uniform error ; then introduce the method systematically of using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to carry on the overall superior test of the government statistical data quality. includes the establishment of step level appraisal target system, target weight determination, calculates the factor weight in various levels, uniform test of judgment matrix, and built up the final fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of the government statistical data quality according to the above - mentioned standard ; finally selects the partial main social economy total quantity target from chinese statistics yearbook 2003 to carry on the real diagnosis analysis : ( 1 ) confirm these social economy total quantity targets using the description statistics and the k - s inspection method to obey the lognormal normal distribution. ( 2 ) according to the two levels of inspection methods which this article proposed to carry on accuracy and the overall superior test for these social economy total quantity targets

    本文首先從統計數據及質量的涵義出發，全面系統的介紹了統計數據質量的概念;其次，從研究統計數據的分佈規律入手，對統計數據準確性檢驗問題進行了探討，利用對數正態分佈檢驗對反映研究對象規模大小的統計數據的質量及異常數據進行定量檢查和識別，並利用相對擬合誤差計量統計數據的非一致性誤差;接著系統介紹了利用模糊綜合評價方法對政府統計數據質量進行整體優度檢驗的思路，具體包括建立遞階層次的評價指標體系，指標權重的確定，計算各層次中因素的權重，判斷矩陣的一致性檢驗，並根據上述標準建立了最終的政府統計數據質量模糊綜合評價模型;然後通過從2003年中國統計年鑒資料中選取部分主要的社會經濟總量指標進行實證分析: （ 1 ）利用描述統計和k - s檢驗法來驗證這些社會經濟總量指標服從對數正態分佈的規律; （ 2 ）按照本文提出的二級檢驗法來對這些社會經濟總量指標進行準確性和整體優度檢驗，從而達到綜合評價政府統計數據質量的目的;最後對這種二級檢驗法的優點和不足進行小結，提出今後應該努力改進的方向。
  18. The last part is the research of developing trend and controlling policy of chinese rbc, which is the appliance in the practice. fust, the macro environment and the main affecting factor to chinese rbc are discussed, and then point that under the current mechanism chinese rbc is to be peripheralized, especially to some poor - conditioned cities that will face the trend soo

    本文首先探討了中國資源型城市未來發展宏觀環境和主要影響因素的變化趨勢，並在此基礎上指出，在當前的發展機制下，中國資源型城市的發展將出現邊緣化的11b趨向，其中一部分發展條件比較差的城市將不得不首先面對相對衰退的危機。
  19. At first, this thesis analyzes the main causes in theory, which have effects on the redistribution of internal force and modulation of moment for the bonded post - tensioned partially prestressed concrete frame ( for short prestressed frame ), including the relative height of compressive zone of section ( ), secondary moment and types of load applying. then, this thesis analyzes the test of prestressed frame. then, a method, called curvature - force method, for nonlinear analysis of prestressed frame is put forward

    本文首先從理論上分析了影響后張有粘結部分預應力混凝土框架（簡稱為預應力框架）內力重分佈和彎矩調幅的主要因素，即相對受壓區高度、次彎矩和加載方式等，並初步分析了兩榀只加豎向荷載和兩榀既加豎向荷載又加水平荷載的單層單跨預應力框架靜力加載的試驗。
  20. Fourth, the monitor and fault diagnosis of vehicle transmission system s vibration signal is researched. the mode testing and analysis of automobile s transmission system is achieved in the first step. the vibration amplitude testing and analysis on vertical direction about even, parts of automobile s transmission system is achieved then. the next testing and analysis of automobile s transmission system is considering the effect of different elasticity of absorber. at last item of this part, the dynamic intensity testing and analysis of automobile s transmission system is achieved. considering various affect factor. the conclusion is educed by synthesized analysis

    第四，對車輛傳動系的振動信號進行了檢測分析與故障診斷。首先對汽車傳動系進行了模態測試與分析，然後對汽車傳動系各部分在垂直方向上的相對振動幅值進行了測試與分析。根據上述測試分析並綜合其它因素得出了結論。
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