相界面反應 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [xiāngjièmiànfǎnyīng]
相界面反應 英文
phase boundary reaction
  • 相 : 相Ⅰ名詞1 （相貌; 外貌） looks; appearance 2 （坐、立等的姿態） bearing; posture 3 [物理學] （相位...
  • 界 : 名詞1 （相交的地方; 劃分的界限） boundary 2 （一定的范圍） scope; extent 3 （按職業、工作或性別等...
  • 面 : Ⅰ名詞1 （頭的前部; 臉） face 2 （物體的表面） surface; top 3 （外露的一層或正面） outside; the ri...
  • 反 : Ⅰ名詞1 （方向相背） reverse side 2 （造反） rebellion 3 （指反革命、反動派） counterrevolutionari...
  • 應 : 應動詞1 （回答） answer; respond to; echo 2 （滿足要求） comply with; grant 3 （順應; 適應） suit...
  • 界面 : [物理化學] interface; boundary; limiting surface
  1. The diffusion welding behavior of single - crystalline cu to single - crystalline - aio with a nb film interlayer and the joint microstructure properties were studied by tem, sem / eds analyses and four - point bend testing. the nb film interlayer deposited by electron beam evaporation on the ceramic side prior to diffusion welding was found to be olycrytalline and fiber - textured after diffusion bonding, with the close - packed plane ( 110 ) being parallel to the ( 0001 ) basal plane of - aio

    擴散連接技術是一門邊緣科學，涉及材料、擴散、相變、界面反應、接頭應力應變等各種行為，工藝參數多，雖然已經進行了大量的試驗研究，但卻對各種材料的連接機理尚未有明確的認識，為此人們試圖藉助于計算技術，對接頭行為進行數值模擬，以便找到共同規律，對擴散連接過程及質量進行預測與實時控制。
  2. The reaction occurs mainly on the interface between the two reacting phases.

    反應主要發生在兩反應相之間的交界面上。
  3. Each half reaction responds to the interfacial potential at the corresponding electrode.

    每個半反應都與相應電極上的界面電勢差相呼應。
  4. The study conducted research on the following four fields : firstly, the characteristics of the interfacial polymerization system of piperazine aqueous solution / trimesoyl hexane solution were systematically investigated. the results show that at a certain molar ratio between the two monomers, piperazine and trimesoyl, at the two phase interface, a dense functional layer of ultra low pressure, high permeating flux and high salt rejection formed by controlling the time of interfacial polymerization, such as the composite membrane ( i ), the concentration in water phase is 0. 4 %, and 0. 1 % in organic phase, and the polymerization time is 1 minute

    本文主要進行了四個方面的研究，首先系統分析和研究了哌嗪水溶液均苯三甲酰氯正己烷溶液界面聚合體系特徵、界面聚合反應中各影響因素對膜性能的影響等，結果發現，當界面處兩相單體（哌嗪和酰氯）分子摩爾比為某一比值時，通過控制界面聚合時間（有機相處理時間） ，可以形成超低壓高通量高脫鹽的緻密功能層，如復合膜（ ） ，水相濃度為0 . 4 ，有機相濃度為0 . 1 ，聚合時間1min 。
  5. It set up the development of the world recognized high performance nanofiltration composite membrane of aromatic polyamide, on the basis of reviewing the development, the importance in the membrane separation technology, the classification, the fabrication technique and the current development of the research and the application of the nanofiltration membrane. polysulfone was chosen as the material for making the porous substrate because of its excellent compress - to - denseness resistance, its cheap price and its great availability. by fabricating an ultra thin polyamide functional layer on the polysulfone substrate through interfacial polymerization taking piperazine as the monomer in aqueous phase and trimesoyl chloride as the monomer in organic phase, high performance nanofiltration composite membranes of ultra low pressure and ultra high permeating flux were prepared

    選擇耐壓密性能優良，價廉易得的聚碸材料為制備復合膜基膜材料，哌嗪為水相單體，均苯三甲酰氯為有機相單體，通過界面聚合反應在基膜表面形成超薄功能層，制備了超低壓高通量聚哌嗪均苯三甲酰胺聚碸納濾復合膜，以0 . 1 mgso _ 4溶液為測試液，所得高脫鹽平板復合膜（ ）在0 . 4mpa下，脫鹽率為96 . 1 ，通量達85 . 2l
  6. The dehydration of ferrous oxalate dihydrate conformed to nuclei production and nuclei growth model, and the decomposition of ferrous oxalate conformed to phase boundary reaction

    在靜態自產氣氛下，二水草酸亞鐵脫水反應遵循隨機成核與核增長模型，草酸亞鐵熱分解生成氧化鐵遵循相界面控制動力學模型。
  7. The writing attempts to deal with the difficulty in defining the boundary of the relevant market, including both the relevant product market and the relevant geographic market, pointing out that the major problems of the relevant market definition are the dynamics and the uncertainty of the market in the network era, and because of this, the relevant market definition theory will still be a problem for continuous development

    摘要本文從相關產品市場和相關地域市場兩大方面對網路時代界定反壟斷法相關市場面臨的困境進行了解析，指出動態性與不確定性是目前相關市場界定理論面臨的主要難題，並通過對該市場界定理論的發展的評述，說明由於網路時代本身以及因特網在技術和應用方面的復雜性、不穩定性和快速發展的特徵，相關市場界定理論仍將是一個不斷發展的課題。
  8. The polyurethane ( pu ) membranes modified with silk fibroin ( sf ), made from sf protein and liquid prepolymer with terminal - isocyanate groups, were obtained by the process of prepolymer having reaction on the surface of sf membranes and then controlling the moisture of system and the solution conditions

    摘要以再生絲素蛋白和液狀端異氰酸酯基預聚物為原料，使預聚物在絲素膜界面發生化學反應，再通過控制相對濕度和溶解條件，制備了絲素改性聚氨酯膜。
  9. A significant suppression of phase transitions and lattice changes during cycling is occurred for ti - doped materials, and a decrease of interface reaction activity between the cathode and electrolyte is also demonstrated for ti - doped cathodes. as a result, the capacity losses, which are originated from structural changes and interface reactions during cycling, decrease and thereby cycling life increases for ti - doped materials

    摻欽后，電極材料的離子分佈形式發生變化，引起材料結構中的化學鍵產生變化，電極材料充放電過程中的結構相變得到有效抑制，結構變化相應減小，電極材料在高電位下的界面反應活性也減弱，從而減小了由結構變化和界面反應引起的容量損失，改善了電極材料的充放電循環性能。
  10. Abstract : plant responses to salt stress via a complex mechanism, including sensing and transducing the stress signal, activating the transcription factors and the corresponding metabolizing genes. since the whole mechanism is still unclear, this review emphasize the biochemical events during the plant adaptation to salt stress referring to an index of importance : the homeostasis in cytoplasm, the biosynthesis of osmolytes and the transport of water. most of these biochemical events were elucidated by study of halophyte and salt - sensitive mutations, also many important genes involved were cloned and used to generate stress - tolerance phenotypes in transgenic plants. on the other hand, about the molecular mechanism in signal transduction, the research of arabidopsis mutations and yeast functional complementation provided helpful traces but not full pathway

    摘要植物對鹽脅迫的耐受反應是個復雜的過程，在分子水平上它包括對外界鹽信號的感應和傳遞，特異轉錄因子的激活和下游控制生理生化應答的效應基因的表達.在生化應答中，本文著重討論負責維持和重建離子平衡的膜轉運蛋白、滲調劑的生物合成和功能及水分控制.這些生理生化應答最終使得液泡中離子濃度升高和滲調劑在胞質中積累.近年來，通過對各種鹽生植物或鹽敏感突變株的研究，闡明了許多鹽應答的離子轉運途徑、水通道和物種特異的滲調劑代謝途徑，克隆了其相關基因並能在轉基因淡水植物中產生耐鹽表型;另一方面，在擬南芥突變體及利用酵母鹽敏感突變株功能互補篩選得到一些編碼信號傳遞蛋白的基因，這些都有助於闡明植物鹽脅迫應答的分子機制。
  11. This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory

    本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。
  12. A quantitative analysis on the surface of the plate composite membranes with various polymerization tune was made on the basis of the feature absorption to ir by means of attenuated total reflection - fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. the results showed that polyamide functional layer grew thick with the polymerization time going on. this indicates that the polyamide functional layer formed on the interface cannot separate the w / o phases to stop the reaction

    利用衰減全反射-傅立葉變換紅外（ ftir - atr ）對不同聚合時間的平板復合膜表面進行了特徵吸收定量分析，研究發現，聚酰胺功能層隨聚合時間不斷增厚，這說明已形成的聚酰胺功能層不能屏障兩相而終止反應，相反由於哌嗪單體的分子量遠低於納濾截留分子量的范圍，很易擴散穿過功能層達到兩相界面，繼續與有機相單體酰氯反應。
  13. Sem / eds characterization revealed that the improvement of the wettability was relative to the dissolution and diffusion of carbides in ni, and reflected in microstructure of interfaces

    通過sem eds觀察發現，體系潤濕性的改善與陶瓷相在金屬相的溶解與擴散有關，直接反映在界面反應層的組織結構上。
  14. Wetting between reinforcement sicp and the molten metal is often poor when it is blow 1000 ' c ; 2. during the processing, many phases of the interfacial reaction products have negative influence on the properties of the produced composites

    Sic顆粒增強復合材料中界面反應生成的有害雜質相較多，對復合材料的性能的影響較大。可以通過添加mg 、 li等活潑的合金元素，對增強體顆粒進行表面預處理來改善潤濕性。
  15. J. b. wang and g. w. yang, phase transformation between diamond and graphite in preparation of diamonds by pulsed - laser induced liquid - solid interface reaction, j. phys. : condensed matter 11 ( 37 ), 7089 ( 1999 )

    王金斌，楊國偉，脈沖激光誘導液-固界面反應合成金剛石納米晶中的結構相變模型，高壓物理學報， 13 ， 147 （ 1999 ）
  16. Since viscosity of emulsion is important to elm separation process, it is necessary to research the viscosity of emulsion. during the study of separation of copper in the model industry waste by emulsion liquid membrane, some operating parameters are investigated, including the value of ph in the external phase, the concentration of acid in the internal phase, the concentration of copper in external phase, the concentration of surfactant, the kinds of carriers in the membranes phase as well as the concentration of carriers

    對乳液膜體系分離銅離子的研究，主要是考察分離條件（如外水相的ph 、內水相酸的濃度，外水相銅離子的濃度，載體種類、載體濃度、表面活性劑的濃度等）對銅離子提取程度的影響，通過實驗得到，外水相的ph值是乳液膜分離銅離子的一個重要原因，這主要是由於cu （ oh ） _ 2溶度積和界面反應的化學平衡決定的。
  17. Combining quantum chemistry calculation with experimental evaluation, the activation energies of possible interfacial reaction were calculated. it is shown that the first step in which the atomic ti, c and si were decomposed from ti matrices and fiber, respectively, is a rate - controlling step because the activation energy of the step is larger than second one

    量子化學計算與經驗估算相結合，求出了可能發生的界面反應的活化能，表明第一步驟的活化能遠大於第二步驟的活化能，因而第一步驟是反應的動力學控制因素，在這一步驟中，原子態的ti 、 si 、 c分別從基體鈦合金和纖維中分解出來。
  18. In succession, tini thin film is deposited on single - crystal silicon substrate using optimized parameters utilizing sputtering, and its transformation temperature ( a * ) is 72 ? indicated by dsc curve after being annealed in an ultra - high vacuum ( uhv ) chamber. in addition, the composition of the silicon - based tini film was analyzed by an energy dispersive x - ray spectroscopy ( eds ), and the ti content in the film is approximately 51at %

    按照改進的工藝參數，在單晶硅襯底上濺射-淀積了tini薄膜，並進行了超高真空退火， dsc法測得其馬氏體逆相變峰值溫度為72 ，利用能譜分析（ eds ）技術測得其ti含量約為51at ，通過對非晶tini薄膜與單晶硅襯底之間的界面進行eds及x射線衍射（ xrd ）分析，發現在用大功率（ 2000w ）直流磁控濺射法制備tini薄膜過程中，存在ti 、 ni與si的雙向擴散，發生了界面反應，並有三元化合物ni _ 3ti _ 2si生成。
  19. Moreover, reaction path analysis was accomplished on the fundamental base of the theoretical calculation for mojsi / t phase - interface in the diffusion couple mo2c - si at 1200c. 5. interface stability analysis of solid - state displacement reaction shows that the layered structure of solid - state displacement reaction between mo2c and si ( fig. 6. 8 ) is not stable

    利用模型進行的1200 ， mo _ 2c - si擴散偶mo _ 4si _ 3 / t相界面的分析計算，為反應路徑的細致分析奠定了堅實基礎，這也是該理論模型應用於實際束集型結構分析的引人注目之處。
  20. When sintered at 1050c, the wear resistance of the composites were better than that of the ferroalloy under both low and heavy load without oil lubrication. the wear resistance, hardness, and other mechanical properties of the composites with nickel coated sic were better than those of the composites with bare sic particles. however, when sintered at 1100c, interfacial reaction became so acute that the properties of the composites with nickel coated sic particles was worse than those of the composites with bare sic particles

    試驗結果表明：與鐵合金相比，在1050時燒結時，加入適量的sic后，耐磨性有較大的提高；而且加入鍍鎳sic的復合材料的耐磨性、硬度和拉伸強度等力學性能比加入相同含量的未鍍sic的材料的性能要好；在1100燒結時，由於界面反應的加劇，含有鍍鎳sic材料的性能反而比含有未鍍sic材料的性能差。
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