研究費支出 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yánjiūbìzhīchū]
研究費支出 英文
research expenditure
  • 研 : 研同 「硯」
  • 究 : Ⅰ動詞（仔細推求; 追查） study carefully; go into; investigate Ⅱ副詞[書面語] （到底; 究竟） actually; really; after all
  • 費 : Ⅰ名詞1 （費用） fee; expense; expenditure; dues; charge 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ動詞（花費; 耗費） ...
  • 支 : Ⅰ名詞1 （分支; 支派） branch; offshoot 2 （地支） the twelve earthly branches3 （姓氏） a surname...
  • 研究 : 1. （探求） study; research 2. （考慮或商討） consider; discuss; deliberate
  • 支出 : 1. （付出去） pay; expend; disburse 2. （支付的款項） expenses; expenditure; outlay; disbursement
  1. The paper begins with the past and present development situation of china graduate education and then analyses the inevitability of sharing the graduate education cost. it introduces evolvement of the sharing education cost mechanism and the tuition policy and compares the sharing mechanism and tuition policy with different countries at different time. it also introduces and analyses some important theories of sharing graduate education cost mechanism and the tuition policy, with the current research results and from economics and demotics viewpoint it concludes the payment capability rules and profit capability rules of sharing mechanism which is to conduct establishing the policies of tuition and investment of education

    論文從中國研究生教育發展的歷史和現狀出發，分析了研究生教育成本分擔的必要性；並對研究生教育成本分擔機制與學費政策的歷史演變作了介紹，比較了不同時期國內外的分擔機制和學費政策；介紹並分析了研究生教育成本分擔機制和學費政策的幾個重要理論依據，借鑒現有的研究成果，從經濟學和社會學的角度，歸納出分擔機制的支付能力原則和收益能力原則，用以指導學費政策及其他教育投入政策的制定。
  2. Secondly, the thesis bring ups to make use of mathematics clustering analysis method, combine with analysis the accident occur rate of each occupation ( business enterprise ), the death rate of employment injury, the severely wounded rate of employment injury, the slight wound rate of employment injury, the death rate of occupational disease, the occur rate of occupational disease and the circumstance of employment injury overhead and so on, to classify the risk grades of occupation ( enterprise ). according to the clustering consequence, the grade differential rate of the

    其次，論文運用數學聚類分析方法，結合各行業（企業）的事故發生率、工傷死亡率、工傷重傷率、工傷輕傷率、職業病死亡率、職業病病傷率以及工傷費用支出情況等指標進行行業（企業）風險等級分類。根據分類結果，合理確定各行業風險等級差別費率。再次，論文通過對國內外現行工傷保險費率浮動方法的研究，提出了結合企業千人死亡率、千人重傷率、千人輕傷率和支收率指標來確定企業費率浮動的方法。
  3. The sole purpose of this trust will be to produce income to support designated staff and progrmmes which in the opinion of the trustees are within the aims and objects of the council as set out hereinabove such as providing staff, programs or projects to promote the coordination of social welfare activities, to initiate, develop or modify social welfare work programmes and services, to develop and prepare standards of same, to determine effectiveness, efficiency and economy of services, to promote or carry out social welfare research, to carry out public education in respect to social welfare, and to develop recommendations concerning social welfare to the government, but which staff and or programmes are not supported by government subvention or community chest funds

    信託基金唯一的目的是拓展收益，支持受託人認為符合本會的宗旨及目標之工作，如聘用員工、推行計劃、加強協調社會福利工作、發動、發展及改善社會福利（工作）計劃及服務，厘訂及保持福利服務的劃一水準，確定服務的效能、效率及善用經費，鼓勵及進行各種社會福利的研究，推行社會教育以促進市民對社會福利的認識，並因應社會福利問題向政府提出建議。但上述之指定職員及活動計劃須以未獲政府撥款或公益金資助者為限，信託基金的一切收益，須由受託人監管，不得動用作本會經常性開支。
  4. ( 1 ) it sums up the three ideas of economics used to study urban planning, clearly expressing the theoretical point of view of this study, the co - existence of the theories of interlizing of externalities by a. c. pigou ' s and transaction cost and property right by ronald harry coase, which emphasizes that when market is developing on the basis of a perspicuity of property right and a economized of transaction cost, government intervention and revenue modulation should not be neglected

    其具體內容如下： （ 1 ）系統研究和總結了城市規劃理論相關的經濟學發展上的三種思路。從而確定了本課題研究的理論支撐點：即庇古提出的外部效果內部化理論與科斯的交易費用與產權理論有可共存之處。在強調產權明晰與節省交易費用並以市場化發展為主導的同時，需要政府的干預和稅收調節。
  5. A very important one is the intersystem prediction and analysis of electromagnetic compatibility to the radio systems in this electromagnetic environment. this paper presents research on the intersystem prediction and analysis of electromagnetic compatibility to the radio systems positioned by the geographical longitude and latitude coordinate system and the elevation system. it can give assistant solution to the interference among the radio systems so as to avoid functional degradation and even failure after the systems disposed and mounted and the money and time wasting

    本文對處于陸上局部區域內的、以經緯度地理坐標系和高程系進行定位的無線電系統間的電磁兼容性預測進行了研究，以對系統間的相互干擾情況作出預測，給解決局部區域中無線電系統間相互干擾問題的方案提供支持，以避免在系統布置、安裝完成之後出現相互干擾情況而使系統性能下降，甚至失效，造成資金和時間的浪費。
  6. Under the background of the global economy homologization, it has strong meaning to guide us to use the foreign experience for reference in the product management through reseaching the law of the development of the advanced enterprise on the world. this is our paper top point. the paper has explained the technical development of toyota hiace series van vehicles and summarized the basic factors of toyota company in prolonging the product life period through analyzing the evolution of outside appearance and technical performance of toyota hiace series van vehicles

    因此，在全球經濟一體化的大背景下，通過對世界先進企業成熟產品技術發展規律的研究，為我們更具針對性地借鑒國外汽車生產企業在產品經營管理方面的技術優勢與管理經驗，探尋出一新的途徑，以有效地提高我公司新產品開發研製的速度並減少費用支出，降低研發成本而言，具有較強的實際意義。
  7. Overhead expenses of overhead expenses is to show the enterprise is organization and administrative company production to run all sorts of cost of place happening, include company board of directors and administration department to happen in the management of the enterprise, the company funds that perhaps should consolidate a responsibility by the enterprise ( include wage of administration department worker, repair cost, stock to use up, cost of running stores amortize, office and poor travelling expenses ), union funds, be out of job membership due of insurance premium, cost of labor security, board of directors ( include directorate member to allowance, conference is expended and differ travelling expenses to wait ), invite intermediary orgnaization cost, advisory cost ( contain adviser, legal cost, business receives fee, house property duty, car boat royalities, land royalities, stamp duty, the technology transfers cost, mineral products resource compensates cost, intangible assets amortize, the worker teachs funds, consider to be expended with development, blowdown cost, goods in stock dish deficient or investory profit ( do not include to answer plan the loss of goods in stock that enters the defray outside doing business ), plan the bad zhang preparation that carry and goods in stock cheapen preparation

    治理費用治理費用是指企業為組織和治理企業生產經營所發生的各種費用，包括企業董事會和行政治理部門在企業的經營治理中發生的，或者應由企業統一負擔的公司經費（包括行政治理部門職工工資，修理費、物料消耗、低值易耗品攤銷、辦公費和差旅費等） 、工會經費、待業保險費、勞動保險費、董事會會費（包括董事會成員津貼、會議費和差旅費等） 、聘請中介機構費、咨詢費（含顧問費） ，訴訟費，業務招待費，房產稅，車船使用稅，土地使用稅，印花稅，技術轉讓費，礦產資源補償費，無形資產攤銷，職工教育經費，研究與開發費，排污費，存貨盤虧或盤盈（不包括應計入營業外支出的存貨損失） 、計提的壞賬預備和存貨跌價預備等。
  8. Our growth impact studies show that cash flow expenditures over a 5 - year period should be 35 % le than other high - end workstatio on the market

    我們對經濟增長影響的研究顯示五年內的資金流動支出將是35 % ，低於市場上其他的高級終端工作站的花費。
  9. Our growth impact studies show that cash flow expenditures over a 5 - year period should be 35 % less than other high - end workstations on the market

    我們對經濟增長影響的研究顯示五年內的資金流動支出將是35 % ，低於市場上其他的高級終端工作站的花費。
  10. First, thinking about all kinds of security. research internet security and financial affairs control. through the analyze of the internet financial affairs information system ' s risk, talk about the inter - control on the base of internet financial affairs information system ( operating system control, database control ) and outer - control on the base of internet financial affairs system ( surrounding control, visiting controk e - commerce controk remove disposal control ) second, on the e - currency and financial affairs balance, design different kinds of e - currency balance programmes. ( credit card. saving. case ) simplify the enterprise ' s balance and saving the last of balance ) widen the range of e - commerce activity

    首先，出於各個方面的安全考慮，就網路安全與財務控制方面作了研究。通過對網際網路財務會計信息系統的風險分析，提出了基於網際網路財務信息系統的內部控制（操作系統控制、數據庫控制）和基於網際網路財務信息系統的外部控制（周界控制、大眾訪問控制、電子商務控制、遠程處理控制）的方法。其次，就電子貨幣與財務結算方面，設計了不同類型電子貨幣的結算程序（信用卡型電子貨幣結算程序、存款利用型電子貨幣結算程序、現金模擬型電子貨幣結算程序）使企業簡化結算手續和節省結算費用的開支，擴展了電子商務活動的范圍。
  11. At first ， the paper studies the developing history of studying abroad education and the characteristic educated in every period that is both at home and abroad ， and then surveys the content and current situation of studying abroad in china. it also analyses the existing problem and the demand of the management information system in managing at present. it proposes to cancel the study expenses, which is paid by theirselves, and reinforce the supporting of going abroad to study and improve the regression and the level of decision of coming back from abroad

    本文綜述了國內外留學教育的發展歷史以及各時期留學教育的特點，對我國留學工作的管理現狀進行了深入的調查研究，分析了其中存在的問題，研究了中國的留學管理工作，提出了在政策方面取消自費留學費用、加大出國留學支持力度、提高留學回歸率和提高留學決策水平的建議；在留學工作管理方面建立留學工作管理信息系統的解決方案，以提高信息統計分析水平，從而提高留學工作管理的規范化和效率。
  12. From 1992 to 2000, while the elasticity of the country ' s administrative expenditure and of the sampled provinces is larger than 1 in 6 years, the elasticity of the nonprofit institution maintenance expenditure is larger than 1 in 2 years of the whole country, and in 4 years of the sampled provinces ; ( 5 ) the local fiscal expenditure structures are differentiated among the different regions, with the characteristic of the different local fiscal expenditure quotas per capita ; ( 6 ) the supply mechanism of the local finances is out of performance, and the resource allocation function of the local finances is obscure, with the functional scope and expenditure responsibility not adapted to the market economy ; ( 7 ) the problems of local public finance sustaining agriculture investment are as follows : first, the gross of the fund that local public finance sustaining agriculture is shortage

    1992 ? 2000年，全國地方財政行政管理費（含公檢法支出）支出彈性， 9年的數值有6年在1以上；樣本省區9年的平均數值有6年在1以上。全國地方財政各類事業費支出彈性， 9年的數值僅有2年在1以上；樣本省區9年的平均數值有4年在1以上。 （ 5 ）不同地區財政支出結構差異大，主要表現在地方財政支出水平在不5 、論文針對實現地方對政支出結構持續優化的預期目標的需要，系統地研究提出了適宜的政策措施『所提出的政策措施主要是: （ 1 ）轉換政府職能，調整地方財政使用方向。
  13. This essay begins from affirming taxation credit thesis, bringing up a proposal what taxation credit definition and classify are. it puts system economics principle to use, setting taxation credit of science. it announces taxation credit is a very important thing in formulating government revenue and expenditure and debasing trade expenses and reducing taxation shifting, therefor, it will have practical significance in research taxation credit to perfect taxation system and advance taxation be run according to law

    本文從稅收信用理論的界定入手，提出了稅收信用的定義和分類；運用制度經濟學原理，對稅收信用進行了科學的定位，揭示了稅收信用在規范政府收支、降低交易費用、減少稅收流失等方面的重要作用，以及研究稅收信用對于完善稅收制度、推進依法治稅的現實意義。
  14. Investment intensity : refer to the ratio of r & d expenditure to sales proceeds

    研究與試驗發展經費投入強度：是指研究與試驗發展經費支出與銷售收入之比。
  15. Research method : the mckinsey global institute used an econometric approach to project income growth across different segments of china ' s population and to assess the implications for household spending in 18 major consumption categories

    調查方法：麥肯錫全球研究院使用計量經濟學的方法，對中國人口各個細分人群進行預測，並評估家庭支出對18個消費大類的影響。
  16. Aimed at the current problem of pipeline layout optimization technique, the research of irrigation pipeline layout and pipe diameter optimization has been done, the gis ( geography information system ) and graph theory were first put forwarded to applyed to the design of low pressure pipeline irrigation project in the paper. with the support of gis, the minimal spanning tree theory of graph theory and 120 project theory can be applied to irrigation pipeline ' s layout optimization. at the aspect of pipe diameter optimization, simplicial method and interior - point method are been used in solve liner optimization model of pipe diameter to reach minimum project cost or a nnual working cost of low pressure pipeline irrigation

    本文主要針對當前南方地區低壓管道輸水灌溉規劃設計中存在的技術難點，開發研究先進實用的樹狀低壓輸水灌溉管網計算機輔助設計系統。首次提出了將gis （地理信息系統）和圖論技術應用於低壓管道輸水灌溉規劃設計及灌溉管網優化中，在gis支持環境下，應用圖論中的最小生成樹法和120規劃進行管道的最優化布置。建立以管道輸水灌溉系統的年折算費用最小為目標函數的管徑優化線性規劃模型，並將內點法應用於線性優化模型的求解。
  17. Although the studies about apparel expenditure in the world have reached a high level, it has still rare research in this field by data mining technique

    在研究中發現，盡管國際上家庭服裝消費研究在服裝支出領域己經達到了相當高的水準，但是在這一領域進行的數據挖掘技術的研究仍然幾乎是空白。
  18. ( l ) it was pointed out that the ecological agriculture integration system should integrate the ecological production, the ecological processing and ecological marketing into vertical industry chain and network by the principles of ecological link and longitudinal joint, and the evolution to realize ecological agriculture integration in china was to develop non - pollution food, green food, and organic food stage by stage. the evolution path to develop ecological agriculture in china gradually was also the effective and practical path fitted to the situation of china to realize the connection of tracks with the international criterion. ( 2 ) two development models of ecological agriculture integration were summed up

    本文通過理論與案例相結合的研究，取得了如下結果：理論研究結果： （ 1 ）提出了生態農產品生產、生態農產品加工和生態農產品銷售縱向連接的產業化體系；生態耦合與縱向連接相結合的設計原則；生態農業產業化動力是可持續的消費需求； 「安全?綠色?有機」金字塔體系與國際接軌的生態農業產業化途徑； （ 2 ）總結了「主導產業帶動型」和「龍頭企業帶動型」兩種生態農業產業化發展模式； （ 3 ）歸納了標準化、企業化、層次化、品牌經營、科技支撐以及政策措施和組織保障等保障體系，指出生態農業產業化保障體系是生態農業產業化體系的有機構成和重要支撐。
  19. ( 3 ) in the third part, we use eles to analysis quantities relation among our provincial town and village ' s consuming structure, especially conduct careful research on marginal consuming propensity, demanding price and basic living need. then we lodge current main problems of our provincial consuming structure

    （ 3 ）第三部分，我們採用擴展線性支出系統（ eles ）對我省城鄉居民消費結構之間的數量關系進行分析，特別是對邊際消費傾向、需求收入彈性、需求價格彈性和基本生活需求等方面做了仔細研究，並提出了目前我省消費結構存在主要問題。
  20. In another study, mr slacalek finds that in industrial countries, the effect of a change in housing wealth on spending has risen in the past 15 years

    斯拉卡勒的另一項研究發現工業國家中的房產財富對消費支出的影響已在過去持續增長了15年。
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