破損概率 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [pòsǔngàilǜ]
破損概率 英文
probability of damage
  • 破 : Ⅰ動詞1 （完整的東西受到損傷） be broken; be damaged 2 （使損壞） break; break down; damage 3 （使...
  • 損 : Ⅰ動詞1 （減少） decrease; lose 2 （損害） harm; damage 3 [方言] （用尖刻的話挖苦人） speak sarcas...
  • 概 : Ⅰ名詞1 （大略） general outline 2 （神氣） manner of carrying and conducting oneself; deportment ...
  • 率 : 率名詞（比值） rate; ratio; proportion
  • 破損 : damaged; worn; torn; damage; failure; breakage
  • 概率 : [數學] probability; chance概率論 probability theory; theory of chances; 概率曲線 probability curv...
  1. Present methods generally based on the statistics of earthquake damage, expert experiences, theory analysis and experimental researches have obvious advantages, disadvantages and certain scopes of application ; ( 2 ) different prediction methods should be adopted against different building conditions, sites, intensity and experiences etc to predict earthquake damage of buildings for prospective accuracy, dependability and availability ; ( 3 ) earthquake damage matrix, which is the foundation of earthquake damage prediction, of 7 kinds of building in the urban areas of zhangzhou city under intensity 6 to 9 has been set up. the damage conditions of different buildings under different intensity are as followings : all kinds of structures are basically intact under intensity 6 ; the reinforced concrete structures are basically intact under intensity 7, but other kinds of structures are destroyed slightly ; the reinforced concrete structures are still basically intact while other kinds of structures are destroyed intermediately under intensity 8 ; the reinforced concrete structures are destroyed slightly, single - story factories and open houses are destroyed intermediately and other kinds of structures are destroyed seriously under intensity 9 ; ( 4 ) the results of earthquake damage predicting of buildings embody the damage when earthquake happens in the future. thus, further identifications and reinforcements should be considered to buildings that will be destroyed intermediately or more under the earthquake with 10 % exceeding probability in future 50 years ; ( 5 ) the direct economic losses caused by damage of buildings resting with the area, structural type, intensity and damage of all kinds of buildings are the main part of the losses of the city in an earthquake ; ( 6 ) the direct economic losses increased progressively toward high intensity by 2 or 3 times

    基於上述研究，得出的主要結論有：建築物震害預測是一個模糊的、系統的、復雜的問題，現有的方法很多一般都是以震害統計規律、專家經驗、理論分析和試驗研究為依據，有其自身的優缺點和一定的適用范圍；應針對不同的建築物條件、場地條件、地震強度和已有經驗等，採用不同的預測方法進行建築物震害預測，以使預測結果達到預期的精確性、可靠性和可操作性；建立了漳州市區7類建築物在6度9度地震作用下的震害矩陣，成為指導抗震防災的重要依據，各類結構的震害情況表現為： 6度地震作用下各類建築物基本完好； 7度地震作用下除鋼筋混凝土結構基本完好外其餘以建築輕微破壞為主； 8度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構仍以基本完好為主而其餘建築以中等破壞為主； 9度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構以輕微破壞為主，單層工業廠房和空曠房屋以中等破壞為主，其餘建築以嚴重破壞為主；建築物的震害預測結果體現了未來地震來臨時的震害程度，在編制漳州市區抗震防災規劃時，對于遭遇50年超越概率10的地震影響發生中等以上破壞的建築物應考慮進行抗震鑒定和加固；由建築物的破壞所造成的直接經濟損失是城市地震經濟損失的主要部分，重慶大學碩士學位論文中文摘要其主要與建築物總面積、結構類型、地震烈度和各類建築物的震害程度有關;不同烈度造成的直接經濟損失按2一3倍向高烈度方向遞增，漳州市區直接經濟損失由6度至9度的比例關系為1 : 2 . 8 : 8 . 6 : 22 . 8 ;遭遇基本地震設防烈度（ 7度）時，漳州市區直接經濟損失約4 . 5億元，無家可歸人員約40000人，且以磚木結構和多層磚混結構的震害損失最大;地震造成的人員傷亡主要與建築物倒塌及嚴重破壞的程度和總面積以及震時的建築物室內人數密切相關，地震時無家可歸人員主要與住宅倒塌、嚴重破壞及中等破壞的程度和總面積以及城市人均居住面積密切相關。
  2. Are uncertain and should be regarded as random variables, therefore the reinforced concrete frame is stochastic structure inherently, and then its motive equations converted to combined random differential equations for the uncertain parameters and external random excitation. these equations were solved by order - orthogonal expansion method with pseudo - excitation method, and then the statistic stochastic responses of random structure were obtained. at last, based on the stochastic cumulative damage model with double parameters developed by park, formulas were formulated for calculating structural earthquake damage probability using the structural reliability theory ( mainly jc algorithm ) in extensive random space

    首先對受地震激勵的剪切型鋼筋混凝土結構進行建模，用隨機等效線性化方法將二階非線性微分方程組化成一階線性微分方程組（或稱之為狀態方程） ；再考慮材料等參數的隨機性，則狀態方程成為復合隨機微分方程組，將擴階系統方法和虛擬激勵方法推廣並應用於這個復合隨機微分方程組，求出結構的隨機響應量的統計參數；最後採用隨機累積損傷破壞準則，在廣義隨機空間內，用jc演算法求解失效概率，進而求出結構的抗震可靠度。
  3. As it is difficult to obtain the accurate analytical solutions for the stress constraints of general 3d cracks, we have conducted systemically detailed researches on the out - of - plane stress constraint by finite elements ( fe ) and proposed a two - parameter description of non - through thickness 3d crack fields. several problems in damage tolerant design were also investigated based on continuum mechanics and probability theory

    三維應力約束對精確預測結構破壞不可缺少，因此，本文採用三維有限元等方法基於連續介質力學、概率論等理論，對典型三維裂紋尤其是非穿透裂紋系統深入地開展了三維應力約束理論計算、三維裂紋端部應力場描述以及結構三維損傷容限設計的研究。
  4. The former method is parametric surface integral and the latter is to triangulate closed surface based on nurbs. ( 4 ) the key technique in probabilistic damaged stability calculation is discussed

    （ 4 ）對概率破艙穩性計算中多艙組合破損時船體的浮態與穩性計算發生異常的原因進行了研究。
  5. In order to accurately calculate the mining induced subsidence in thick alluvium areas so as to decrease the mining damage and environment disruption, the calculation of surface subsidence caused by water loss of clay was discussed based on probability integral method and used in a real case

    摘要為了更加精確地計算厚沖積層礦區的煤礦開采沉陷問題，減小采動損害與環境破壞，基於煤礦開采沉陷計算的概率積分法，探討了由於黏土體失水引起的地表沉陷計算問題，推導了黏土體失水引起的地表下沉計算公式，並應用於煤礦實際地表沉陷，加以分析論證。
  6. It regresses based on markov decision and three year ’ s data, establishes dr and iri transfer probability matrix, forecasts pci and iri state in three years future

    根據馬爾可夫過程，以三年的實測數據進行回歸，建立路面破損和平整度的轉移概率矩陣，對高速公路未來3年的pci和iri分佈狀態進行了預測。
  7. Damage stability curves of a series of damaged one - compartment respectively and combinations of damaged multi - compartments are needed in probabilistic method. systems of equation of floatation and stability may be divergent when damaged multi - compartments are calculated that may lead to programs stop. the reason is studied and that makes the programs can distinguish this case and eventurelly the probabilistic calculation of arbitrary damaged multi - compartments is carried out

    在概率方法中，需要計算一系列的破艙組合下船舶的穩性曲線，由一艙破損、相鄰兩艙破損到相鄰三艙破損再到相鄰四艙破損等，由於這種破艙組合是由程序來實現的，多艙組合破損時計算過程中浮態與穩性的計算可能異常而導致程序中斷。
  8. The cam - follower is the main mechanism of the engine that carries out a series of accurate motions. its mild wear may gradually worsen the contact conditions. the probability for surface fatigue will then increase due to changes in the surface topography

    凸輪?挺柱是內燃機中實現一系列精確動作的主要機構，其磨損會使接觸條件惡化，由此產生的表面形貌的變化會使表面疲勞的概率增加，可能會對部件產生破壞性的影響，進行凸輪機構的摩擦學設計對提高內燃機的運行性能和延長使用壽命十分重要。
  9. This paper, regarding the asphalt pavement in the zhoukou region as the study object, according to the prevalent norms ( specifications for design of highway asphalt pavement ), with the beginning of the pavement performance and the transportation investigation, totally and systematically analyzes the traffic parameters and the destroying reason of pavement at the early stage in the point of fatigue property and limit strength, gives the concepts and methods of the growth rate of equivalent axle load action time, seasonal modification factor and overload factor, proposes the method of axle load conversion on the condition of heavy loading. on this basis, it proposes the design method adapting to asphalt pavement construction, explains the steps of thickness computation of construction with the combination of engineering example, finally verifies thedesign method in the paper by test road. theory and practice both prove that the reasonability of pavement structure style and the reliability of design method in the paper can adapt to the present heavy loading and overloading traffic conditions, have highly theoretical and practical value

    本文以周口地區瀝青路面為研究對象，以現行《公路瀝青路面設計規范》為依據，從路面使用性能和交通特徵的調查入手，從疲勞特性和極限強度出發分析了路面早期破損的原因，全面系統地進行了交通參數的分析，提出了當量軸次增長率、季節修正系數和超載系數的概念和方法，並提出了重載交通的軸載換算方法。在此基礎上，針對超載、重載交通從結構組合設計、結構厚度計算（包括疲勞強度標準和極限強度標準）等方面提出了適宜的瀝青路面結構設計方法，並結合工程實測，說明了結構層厚度計算的具體步驟，最後通過試驗路驗證本文提出的設計方法。理論與實踐均表明，本文提出的路面結構型式合理、設計方法可靠，能適應目前重載、超載交通的狀況，具有較高理論與實用價值。
  10. To illustrate and validate the method developed in this paper, 4 spectral displacements of buildings corresponding to 4 intensities, 4 median values and 4 standard deviations of natural logarithm of spectral displacements

    與再保險不同，發行巨災債券沒有任何信用風險，不需要對發生的損失進行賠償，可降低保險商破產的概率和損失。
  11. Ambagaspitiya ( 1998 ) considered a general method of constructing a vector p ( p 2 ) dependent claim numbers from a vector of independent random variables, and derived formulas to compute the correlated aggregate claim distribution for corresponding common shock model with p dependent classes of business. cossotte and marceau ( 2000 ) used a discrete - time approach to study how the common shodcaffects the finite - time ruin probabilities and the adjustment coefficient

    Ambagaspitiya （ 1998 ）通過向量的方法解決了一類索賠次數相關的風險模型，推導出了最大損失量的表達式； cossetteandmarceau （ 2000 ）考慮了離散時間下相關是如何影響有限時間的破產概率與調整系數的問題； yuen ， k
  12. The significance about this paper was expressed. chapter 2 is the main body of the paper, we estimated and calculated the survival probability of a two - insurance risk model ; we acquired the expectation of maximal aggregate loss and the distribution of the supreme surplus before ruin ; at the same time, we discussed multi - insurance risk model in brief. in chapter 3 we briefly reviewed the whole paper and put forward the further tasks

    第一章緒論部分對風險理論及其發展作了回顧，說明將經典風險模型推廣到多險種風險模型的意義所在，並介紹了兩種典型的處理方法和獲得的主要結果；第二章是主體部分，詳細探討了兩險種風險模型生存概率的估計及計算，並得到了保險公司最大損失的一階、二階矩和破產前最大余額分佈，同時也簡略討論了多險種風險模型；第三章對全文作了回顧，提出下一步要做的工作。
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