社會圖式 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [shèkuàitúshì]
社會圖式
英文
social schemata-
The point analyses the composition and efficancy of the structure of corporate governance with the modern administration theory. lt systematically sets forth and compares the features and development of the structure of the corporate governance in chinese and western. by analyzing the present situation of our listing companies, it points out : " the internal control " can be considered the inevitable phenomenon, emerged in the period from the socialism planned economy to the market economy in china ' s state - owned enterprises. by the means of gathering a vast amount of data and analying cases and charts, it gives the conclutions : because the enterprise inform is progressed " step by step ", the internal controlling in our country has assumed its own features : the enterprise is in the concussion between the " super - powerful controp ' of external and the " super - weakly control " in internal. those popular phenomenon have been looked as the principle manifestation of " the internal control " which taking the national stock as the ma in part and holding the post of chainman of the board and the chief manager in company to the same man
本文利用現代管理理論和現代企業理論來剖析公司治理結構的組成和效率體現，對中西方公司治理結構的特徵和歷史發展作了較系統的闡述和比較，並且運用大量的數據對我國上市公司治理結構進行了實證分析，指出： 「內部人控制」是在我國社會主義經濟向市場經濟轉軌時期，國有企業公司治理結構中出現的一種必然現象。本文在闡述公司治理結構特徵和功效的基礎上，通過大量數據的收集、案例分析和圖表處理來分析我國企業治理結構的歷史變遷並揭示出：由於我國企業改革是「漸進式」的， 「內部人控制」表現出其自身的特點：企業處于外部「超強控制」和「超弱控制」的兩極震蕩中。作為最具我國現代企業代表特徵的上市公司，因為以國家股為持股主體，董事長和總經理兩職兼任的現象甚為普遍而成為目前企業事實上的「內部人控制」的主要表現形式。By avoiding the conventional exhibition structure, which usually categorizes the exhibits by medium or format, the third chengdu biennale is organized into three thematic sections, “ humanity and spirit, ” “ society, ” and “ nature, ” in order to express the contemporaneity of chinese art
「第三屆成都雙年展」主題展突破以媒材和表現形式分類的傳統展覽模式，以社會文化學的視野，將作品歸納在「人，精神」 「社會」 「自然」三個主題中展開，力圖展現「國畫」 、 「水墨」的當代性。For example : the designer often only pays close attention to the composition in the plan form, and ignore the user " s need, in other words, ignore the character of the residents " behavior and the important social, cultural and psychological influence of the living environment on resident " s life ; there are often strong contrast of firm and magnificent houses with extremely bad public open space environment ; either low volume rate or wasted land resource can always be found ; the doctrinaire cloning leads to the lack of character, distinction and beauty in housing design and construction
例如：設計者往往僅關注平面形式的構圖，而忽視使用者的需要，即忽視居民的生活行為特徵與居住環境中社會文化心理等因素對居民生活的重要影響；小區建設中常有住宅堅固氣派而外部公共空間環境極差的強烈反差；容積率過低、浪費土地資源的現象也時有發生；不加分辨的拿來主義導致社區組團建設缺乏特色、個性和美感等。In this way spencer attemped to reconcile his sociological individualism with his collective concept of the social organism.
斯賓塞力圖以這種方式使他的社會學個人主義同他的社會有機體論集體觀相調和。Durkheim's sociology was an attempt to establish the pattern which lay behind all observable phenomena.
迪爾凱姆的社會學試圖證實一切可觀察現象背後所存在的模式。While discussing the future development trend of chinese ngos in transformation period, the author suggests that ngos set up good inter - dynamic relations with governments, establish effective communicative channels and communion mechanism, try to construct a new mode of cooperation between government and society. the proposed solution can be simply described as follows : let ngos play their roles on the things that the government are unable or unwilling to do, sufficient mandate and support from the government ; on the things that both the government and ngos can do, let ngos give full paly of their roles ; leave the government only to with things that beyond the powers of the market or the ngos
在從宏觀上探討轉型期中國非政府組織的未來發展的趨勢時，強調非政府組織與政府的良好互動關系，建立有效的溝通渠道和交流機制，試圖構建一種「政府與社會合作」的新型模式。具體分工思路是:在政府不能或不應做的事情上發揮非政府組織的作用，政府予以充分的授權和支持;在政府行政手段和社會自治方式都可以完成的事情上，盡量發揮非政府組織的作用;而政府只去履行市場和非政府組織都無法完成的職能。Effect of schematic theory on social psychology research
圖式理論對社會心理學研究的影響To avoid scientifc side - effect on environment, to construct the " environment - friendly society ", the science should carry on the revolutionary diversion of ways of thinking accordingly, from reductionism to wholism, because it is not enough to fill the " landscape " of knowledge with " ethics " or " value " from the exterior of the science
因此，要消解科學對環境的副作用、建構「環境友好型社會」 ，僅僅依靠將倫理觀或價值觀從外部納入科學知識的「版圖」是遠遠不夠的，更關鍵的是要從科學知識的內部，特別是從它的「母體」還原論範式入手加以批判與反思，實現還原論與整體論的整合與互動。This text attempt, overcome described above inclination, in workers ’ participation most at the representative way of realization foundation that go on in detail investigating to the german works councils, probe into questions such as the historical background, social origin, organizational form, property and function of the system of congress of workers and staff of state - owned enterprise of our country, etc
本文試圖克服上述傾向，在對德國工場委員會這一職工參與制度最具代表性的實現形式進行詳細考察的基礎上，深入探討我國國有企業職工代表大會制度的歷史背景、社會根源、組織形式、性質和職能等問題，對比分析了德國工場委員會和我國職工代表大會各自的特點和優劣。The word " schema " first appeared in kant ' works at that time, kant attempt to combine the knowledge category with the perceptual object by scheme to find its great influence on knowledge acquisition, but his scheme was priori in the history of modern psychology, the gestalt school was the first one who payed attention to schema at the general theory level, and jean piaget also thought highly of schema, his theory was called schema theory, but this theory neglect the function of society and education, that is to say, in some degree his scheme theory has the incline of biologization
但其理論忽視社會和教育的作用，因此，其圖式學說存在一定程度的生物化傾向。從心理學史發展的另一條線?經驗主義來看，重視過去經驗的作用，認為圖式具有積極主動加工的特點。現代圖式理論是在吸收了理性主義和經驗主義，又在信息科學、計算機科學的發展以及心理學關于表徵研究的基礎上，於20世紀80年代興起。The technological innovation and optimum design were implemented by the design organization during the working drawing period, as a result, the new technology of separated floor for draft tube bend is applied, and the optimized arrangement plan of structure is more compact, the structure form is more rational, rate of progress is accelerated, about 1. 37 hundred million yuan is saved, which is of significant general benefits
施工詳圖階段，設計單位根據創建節約型社會的宗旨，積極開展一系列技術創新和優化設計工作，並首創了廠房尾水管肘管段分離式底板新技術，優化設計后樞紐布置更加緊湊，建築物結構形式更為合理，加快了施工進度，節約工程投資約1 . 37億元，綜合效益顯著。In each of the novels, the language form and the writers ' creation represend the instrinsic uniformity lying in the breakthrough of the feller of modem chinese writing so as to achieve consciousness of folk language writing, and thus they construct the folk society that they could imagine themeselves
從每一部小說的語言形式並結合作者的創作意圖來看，它們有著內在的一致性即突破現代漢語寫作的束縛而達到民間語言寫作的自覺，從而構建自己想象的民間社會。And " pure love " that it is only spiritually attracted that the social scholar of u. s. a. is to " plato type love ", pay but lay particular stress on the graceful love that is spiritually attracted and tangibly, opinions vary too
而美國的社會學者對「柏拉圖式的愛情」是只有神交的「純愛情」 ，還是雖有形交卻偏重神交的高雅愛情，也眾說紛紜。We have advanced the city construction sustainable developing strategy on studying socialized production and life service function ( hub of communication, information linking modern water supplying and draining, energy supplying, calamity preventing, environment preventing ) ; purify and beauty function ( gardens afforest landscape controlling ecology protection ) ; science and cultural function ( exhibition hall, science and technology center, conference service center, gymnasium, library, museum and other recreations ), environment quality controlling, etc. during the process of the city construction sustainable development, thinking manner and view, such as systemic view, natural view, resource view, value view, morality view, should be educated and abided
通過對城市基礎設施建設?交通樞紐功能、信息溝通功能、現代化給排水、能源供給、防災和環保設施為主體的社會化生產生活服務功能、高水平的園林綠化、景觀控制、生態保護為主要內容的城市美化凈化功能，由展覽館、科技館、會議服務中心、體育場館、圖書館、博物館及其它文化娛樂設施組成的科技文化教育交流功能，環境質量控制等等問題的分析與探討，提出我國城市建設可持續發展的各項對策。詳細分析城市規劃的價值觀和方法論。詳細分析研究城市建設可持續發展中的系統觀，自然觀，價值觀，倫理道德觀等新的思維方式。When the environment rights and interests are violated and people cannot obtain an effective relied in a legal way, they have to protect their environment rights and interests in the way of private relief. at present, the academic field focuses more on the public relief, rarely paying attention to the private relief to the environment right infringement. therefore, the anther attempts to discuss on the definition, the characteristics, classifications and the applicable conditions of the private relief to the environment right infringement and makes a systematical discussion on how to carry on and unblock its rules and regulations
在環境權益受到侵害又無法通過正當途徑實現有效救濟時，人們不得不尋求私力救濟來維護自己的環境權益。目前學界較多把視角放在環境侵權的公力救濟等救濟方式上，鮮有人關注環境侵權的私力救濟問題。筆者試圖對環境侵權私力救濟的定義、特徵、分類及適用條件、該如何對它進行規制和疏導等做出系統地探討，以期望能夠對普遍存在的環境侵權私力救濟現象給予理論上的解釋和疏導，在維護環境權益的同時，保持法治社會的良好秩序。In the second part, in connection with the living formation of huis region, the structure of streets and alleys, residence and mosque are analyzed in its aspects of society, culture, religion and nationality. the feature of the plan form, adornment, decorative pattern, hue and religious belief of the huis residence under the influence of islam architectural culture is also studied. in the third part, the preserve and renewal of the huis residence and huis region is discussed, taking into account of the important role which plays in the features of ancient city xi ' an
第一部分，從追溯西安回民區發展的歷史沿革入手，通過實際調查，對西安回民區的宗教、民族特徵做了綜合深入的分析；第二部分，針對回民區生活居住形態，從回民區的社會性、文化性、宗教性和民族性等方面對回民民居的街巷格局、住宅建築、清真寺等進行了分析，研究了在受到伊斯蘭建築文化的影響下，回民民居的平面形式、裝飾形式、圖案、色彩及宗教信仰等的特點；第三部分，結合回民民居及回民區在西安古城風貌中的重要作用，討論了回民民居及回民區的保護及更新問題。The author considers as follows : ( 1 ) we should understand how to define the price of architecture products the cost of engineering and the price of engineering, we should compare the connotations of plan price, float price and market price, we should clarify how engineering cost and architecture installation engineering cost are formed and what is the difference between balance price and final accounts price ; ( 2 ) through analyzing and comparing the account bases and composing contents of enterprise individual production cost and social average production cost, analyzing from the design mechanism ' s function of auction and bid and the purpose of actualizing auction and bid, we can confirm that the foundation that the titles are weeded when judged is enterprise individual production cost, not social average production cost ; ( 3 ) the author considers there is diverge between shop drawing budget based on ration and auction and bid, carrying out bill quantity of construction works can advance the formation of cons truction - product market price, also is the outset and integrant route to close international, but though code of valuation with bill quantity of construction works has a lot of advantage to advance the form of architecture market price, we also see it has lack and it should be amended
針對以上問題，筆者認為：應該了解建築產品價格與工程造價、工程價格是如何界定的、比較建築產品的計劃價格、浮動價格與市場價格的含義，搞清楚工程造價的構成和建築安裝工程費用的構成以及竣工結算價格與決算價格的區別；通過分析、比較建築產品的「社會平均生產成本」和「企業個別生產成本」的計算依據和構成內容，從招標投標的設計機制的功能和實施招投標的目的來分析，確認在評標中剔除低於成本價標書的依據是投標企業的個別生產成本，而不是社會平均生產成本；筆者認為以定額為計價依據的施工圖預算方法與招標投標之間存在悖論，工程量清單計價的推行是對建築產品市場價格形成改革的推進，也是建築產品價格形成方式與國際接軌的開端與必經之路，但是也必須認識到雖然《建設工程工程量清單計價規范》具有推進建築市場價格形成的諸多優勢，但仍存在不足與需要完善的地方。Based on the characteristics of fire in high - rise buildings, the papers introduces the work principle of scatter photoelectric style fire explorer, discusses the work courses of automatic alarm, and analyzed that the sense smoke explorer system with prolonged work procedure is much more reliable than that without prolonged work procedure in the fire automatic alarm. whats more the computer program graph for auto - alarm system is also worked out. 4figs. ， 5refs
依據高層建築火災性質和特點，介紹了高層建築中用散射光式光電感煙檢測器檢測火災的工作原理，討論了自動控制報警的工作過程.分析比較了設有延時工作過程的感煙探測系統比沒有延時工作過程的系統，火災報警的可靠性大大增強.並編制了自動報警系統計算機程序框圖，本文討論的高層建築中火災的探測與自控研究，對于不同建築結構和不同要求的火災控制報警系統具有參考價值和社會經濟意義.圖5 .參5By profound and object analysis combining marxism theory with the reality of china at that time, the paper p oints out the reasons the traditional. socialist model was built in new china as well. on the basis of the analysis, the paper put forwards several self - examinations with great theoretical and realistic significance for better socialist construction in china in future
本文還力圖結合馬克思主義理論和當時中國的實際做了深入客觀的分析，指出了傳統社會主義模式在新中國得以確立的原因，從而也為我們后來如何更好地進行社會主義建設，提出了一些較有理論和現實價值的反思。Categorical study of social schema
社會圖式的范疇化分享友人