社會慾望 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [shèkuàiyùwàng]
社會慾望
英文
social wants-
Social desires, expectations, and pressures give rise to laws, and standards of ethics do likewise.
由於社會的慾望、期望和壓力而產生了法律，倫理標準的產生也是如此。To realize this great selfish ambition, cultural and educational elite drastically criticized xikun scholars who held important political and educational positions but advocated poetic pursuit to escape from political dangers, and posed many models of educational discursive practice to control, better, and cultivate the full - of - desire societal life being neglected and thrown out of the academic sight by xikun school : firstly, in the early period, fan zhongyan and his followers, sun fu, and shi jie, et al., believed that confucian principles could be used to reform political, and educational institutions and improve society ; secondly, after fan, wanganshi, being treated as cultural rebel by other traditional moralists and politic competitors, did a failure of national wide educational and political reforms to cultivate financial talents, based on his coarse economics knowledge about how to enrich the central government ; thirdly, ou yangxiu and su shi focused attention on reform the highly rigidified literature and art education system at that time according to their cultural ideal that everybody has the right to express what his daily life, emotions and dreams, which could be seen as an irony by the fact that only themselves " life and feeling could enter into their literature and art education kingdom, while those who described lowly people " s experience, such as liu yong " s sentimental assays written specially for female performers and even the prostitutes, had to suffer from exclusion
但是，在十一世紀的文教空間中，真正值得考古學注意的知識是由理學家發明的，這不光因為，正是理學（而不是范學、王學、蘇學等這些在當時權力更大的知識）日後成了支配中國文教社會生活的權力，更是由於在十一世紀的文教界，只有理學家從一種最抽象的視角，認為十一世紀喧囂混亂的世俗生活及其基本的教化問題，無論多麼復雜，都可以歸結為人身上的理性與慾望之間的斗爭。就「哲學」能力而言，在渴望成聖、平天下的文教精英當中，理學家無疑是最出色的，他們能夠想到從「人」的結構出發，來認識世間紛繁復雜的現象，因而只需靜坐一處沉思人本身的秘密，而不必象王安石等人那樣認為到各地去調查，才可以摸清世間的狀況與問題。尤其不可思儀的是，他們的知識竟來源於看上去對教化世俗並不感興趣、只想追求長生不老的道士。These keep affecting the individual, even as the ego seeks to control them, or to " sublimate " ( transform ) their manifestations into more socially acceptable channels. ( e. g. the wish to murder and " cut up " people may be sublimated by becoming a surgeon who saves lives by “ cutting up ” patients
伊始終在影響著個體，即使是自我設法控制他們或者把它們「升華」 （轉換）到更能為社會所接受的渠道中（例如希望謀殺和「切碎/開」別人的人會將慾望升華而成為一個靠「切碎/開」病人來拯救生命的外科醫生。 ）This dissertation is going to narrate another kind of will found in educational / societal space in chinese history. it can be named as " the will to sage " or " the will to teach ", which had been fading for hundreds of years, but was waking up and becoming stronger and stronger in the 11th century
在很長一段時期里，它幾乎陷於沉寂，但突然又在中國十一世紀的教化/社會空間中蘇醒、壯大，可以稱之為「成聖意志」 （ thewilltosage ）或「教化慾望」 （ thedesiretoteach ） 。China is now in the period of reform and opening up, the impact of western ideas and material desires of the community are inflated in an emptiness and mi chaos on the surface thriving, students and parents with no footing, and the teachers at this time has not straighten straight
中國現在在改革開放時期，西方思潮的沖擊及物質慾望的膨脹使社會正呈現出一種空虛而糜亂的表面繁榮的景象，學生及家長沒有站住腳跟，而老師們在這個時候也沒有挺直腰板。This has caused fast deterioration of the social humane environment, make people lose the individual character and lose oneself, at spirit, fall low street become beggar or yield to consumption desire that exp and limitlessly become slave
這導致了社會人文環境的迅速惡化，使人們喪失個性、喪失自我。在精神上，或淪落街頭成為乞丐或屈服於無限膨脹的消費慾望而成為奴隸。On contrast, some people with abnormal mind would take this advantage to fulfill their desire. this will cause social problems
相反的，有些有著齷鹺想法的人可能會利用這種環境來滿足自己的慾望，這種慾望會導致社會問題。Writers on political economy profess to teach, or to investigate, the nature of wealth, and the laws of its production and distribution : including, directly or remotely, the operation of all the causes by which the condition of mankind, or of any society of human beings, in respect to this universal object of human desire, is made prosperous or the reverse
政治經濟學家們聲稱是講授或研究財富的性質及其生產和分配規律的，包括直接或間接地研究使人類或人類社會順利地或不順利地追求人類慾望的這一普遍對象的一切因素所起的作用。Never value anything as profitable to thyself which shall compel thee to break thy promise, to lose thy self - respect, to hate any man, to suspect, to curse, to act the hypocrite, to desire anything which needs walls and curtains : for he who has preferred to everything intelligence and daemon and the worship of its excellence, acts no tragic part, does not groan, will not need either solitude or much company ; and, what is chief of all, he will live without either pursuing or flying from death ; but whether for a longer or a shorter time he shall have the soul inclosed in the body, he cares not at all : for even if he must depart immediately, he will go as readily as if he were going to do anything else which can be done with decency and order ; taking care of this only all through life, that his thoughts turn not away from anything which belongs to an intelligent animal and a member of a civil community
不要把任何會強迫你打破誓言、喪失自尊、仇恨人類，猜疑、詛咒、行偽善和需要掩飾來滿足的慾望之類東西看成是對你有益的：那些熱愛智性和精靈勝過其他，崇拜自然的完美，行為無過失，從不抱怨的人，既不孤僻，也不需要過多的朋友，而且最主要的是，他既不迷戀死亡，也不逃避死亡；無論生命有多長壽或多短暫，他都會把靈魂約束于肉體之內，他一無牽掛：即使不得不即刻辭世而去，他也將坦然而往，彷彿去做一項可以以尊嚴和秩序的方式完成的事；整個人生中他只關心一件事：他的思想是否偏離了一個有智性的動物和一個公民社會成員的本分。" ( michel foucault, 1970 : 216 ) to answer this question, the archeology ( genealogy ) of knowledge was developed out, by which foucault took granted the tragic experience conflicts in western societal space since 18th century as the aftermath of ( institutionalized ) knowledge discursive practice : driven by " the will to truth ", a speaker or social action endeavors to analysis, define and cultivate human being " s life, however the result in what he has done is but rather to impose human beings of " a system of exclusion ", which was most famously illustrated in the work of madness and civilization, that all kinds of crazy ideal and performance, which had been existing and being cherished as the very authentic nature and feelings of human beings in societal space or art composing before 18th century, were categorized into irrational items ( insanity ), then, pu t into an alienated space gate - headed with so called " civilization ", which was founded on psychology, psychoanalysis and other modern knowledge ( michel foucault, 1973 )
他首先將西方十八世紀以來的經驗及其沖突理解為「知識話語」實踐的後果，言外之意，可以透過「知識化的話語」 ，來觀察西方教化/社會空間中的經驗沖突：在「求知意志」 （ thewilltoknowledge ）或「求真意志」 （ thewilltotruth ）的驅動下，話語者試圖認識、界定和改造人類的經驗，但實際上，這樣做的後果卻是將「排斥機制」 （ asystemofexclusion ）施與人類，即否定所有不符合「求真意志」及其話語構成規則的各種異類想象、感受、慾望與活動，使之統統以知識話語所描繪的狀態存在。在這一點上，最明顯的例證莫過于將各種「瘋狂」言行與體驗一併界定為「非理性」 ，然後對其實施「理性的控制與改造」 （ michelfoucault ， 1973 ） 。Memories in 6 years were written down in several short dairies as a family member of society cells from the pure sensitive record to arousal by comparison and the description of the great freedom in retreat, yang jingsong is thinking on the consummation and the money worship by such a way
幾幅短短的作品日記，記錄了作為社會細胞的家庭成員在6年當中的記憶，從開始純粹的感覺記述，到托物言志的警醒，直至今天對退隱般的大自在的描繪，楊勁鬆通過這種方式帶來一種他對消費主義的反醒和對過分物質慾望的警惕。The high speed development of china economy has built the social space in which the financial periodicals exist in, and cultivated the desire of purchase of people. the development of periodicals and magazines has brought the financial periodicals to pass since it has stored up many specialized talents and technologies
中國經濟的高速發展營造了財經期刊生存的社會空間，培育了人們的購買慾望，期刊雜志的發展為財經期刊的產生貯備了專業人才和技術。The performance on spot adds emotional appeal and sight enjoyment to food - taking and makes customers take a great interest in purchase and desire for consumption, thus heightening hotel reputation and producing better economic and social benefit
通過現場表演，增加了就餐的情趣性和觀賞性，使顧客產生濃厚的購買興趣和消費慾望，從而提高了酒店的知名度，產生較好的經濟效益和社會效益。The results suggested : a ) normal group and problem group differ greatly in three dimensions ( i. e., individual life values, social life values, and authority values ) and ten factors. compared with the normal group, the problem group are characterized as passive, not good at human intercourse, fatalistic, superstitious, less independent, less keen on pursuing knowledge, less likely to be honest and keep promises, indifferent to others, less willing to conform to tradition, and self - centered
結果發現： 1 ）正常人群和問題人群在價值觀的個人生活價值取向、社會生活價值取向和權威意志取向3個維度（二階因子）和10個一階因子上存在顯著性差異，與正常人群比較，問題人群的價值觀具有以下一些特點：個人生活觀念消極被動，社會生活觀念不利於人際交往，宿命，相信超自然力量，獨立進取性差、求知慾望低、誠實守信差、社會同情缺乏、反傳統、自私。Her abnormal experience of social life and suspicious and morbid view are projected to the " common men and women " with their desires, which castes to the taste of the petty townsfolk and shows her thinking limitations in literary creation
她以對社會人生的病態體驗，用病態的懷疑目光，投射到世俗化、慾望化的「飲食男女」身上，在一定程度上迎合了小市民的心理，從而凸現了她創作中思想視域的局限。Psychologists and psychiatrists formally define substance dependence as a disorder characterized by criteria that include spending a great deal of time using the substance ; using it more often than one intends ; thinking about reducing use or making repeated unsuccessful efforts to reduce use ; giving up important social, family or occupational activities to use it ; and reporting withdrawal symptoms when one stops using it
心理學家和心理醫師已經將物質依賴正式定義為一種精神疾病，患者的主要特徵包括：花很多時間使用該物質；無法克制自己使用該物質的慾望；想要減少使用，或是屢次嘗試降低使用量，都不成功；為了使用該物質，不惜放棄許多重要的社交、家庭或職場活動；停止使用時，會出現戒斷癥狀。Startups succeed by creating wealth, which is the satisfaction of people ' s desires
初創公司要取得成功，就必須為社會創造出財富，來滿足人們的慾望。Kafka and zhang ai - ling axe mates of letters who lived in different countries and grew up with different cultural background, but they share the idea that human being, a an individual, its life and nature, in reality axe unimaginably twisted and dissimilated to some degree by the pressure either from inner pert of one ' s desire or the outer pert of social fate, which makes than outstanding in old literature
摘要作為文學大師，卡夫卡和張愛玲雖然生活在不同的國度，植根于相異的文化土壤，但都以對人生與人性的剖析，揭示了在現實生活中，個體人由於受到來自社會的外在勢力以及自身內在慾望的左右，使人生與人性在不同程度上產生了異化和扭曲，並因此而聳立於世界文壇。These provide clues to the environmental, social, and political context in which they were built and to the people who built them, their needs and desires
這些元件透露出城市的環境、社會與政治紋理，還有其建造者及其需求與慾望等線索。That kind of peacefulness and simpleness can only be hiden deeply in mind and become a extravagant hope in this money - centred society nowdays
如今在這物慾橫流的社會里，那份恬靜，那份淳樸，只能被埋在記憶深處並成為一份奢望。分享友人