社會科學總論 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shèkuàikēxuézǒnglún]
社會科學總論 英文
c. social sciences
  • 社 : 名詞1 （共同工作或生活的一種集體組織） organized body; agency; society 2 （人民公社） people s co...
  • 會 : 會構詞成分
  • 科 : Ⅰ名詞1 （學術或業務的類別） a branch of academic or vocational study 2 （機關按工作性質而分設的單...
  • 學 : Ⅰ動詞1 （學習） study; learn 2 （模仿） imitate; mimic Ⅱ名詞1 （學問） learning; knowledge 2 （學...
  • 總 : Ⅰ動詞（總括; 匯集） assemble; gather; put together; sum up Ⅱ形容詞1 （全部的; 全面的） general; o...
  • 論 : 論名詞（記錄孔子及其門徒的言行的「論語」） the analects of confucius
  • 社會 : society
  • 科學 : science; scientific knowledge
  1. In the part of theory study, based on the research fruit which the scholars before had made, from the competition ' s and competitiveness ' s initial definition, the essential connotation can be dredged up. depend on the analysis of the charter and function, the city ' s functions can be definituded as which cluster is means and diffuse is purpose. that is, the function of cluster can streghten through diffusion, the integrative competitiveness advantage reflects those functions together flatly. so, based on the shanghai social & science academe ' s and ni pengfei ' s urban competitiveness model - - goss, quality and flux can be used to contain the abundance content of urban competitiveness, as a result, the urban competitiveness indicator system can be established

    在理論研究部分，在整合前人研究成果的基礎上獨辟蹊徑，從競爭和競爭力的原始定義出發挖掘城市競爭力的基本內涵，通過對中心城市特徵和職能的分析，明確了城市經濟集聚的目的是為了擴散，擴散才能進一步增強集聚的能力，而綜合競爭力的優勢則恰恰在這一點上集中反映了城市集聚和擴散功能的強弱；最後借鑒上海社會科學院和倪鵬飛的研究模型? ?用總量、質量和流量三個一級指標來涵蓋城市競爭力的豐富內容，並由此架構評價指標體系。
  2. The first, review gu qiaoying ' s growing up process from four aspects which are the accumulation of knowledge and the rudiment of speciality sense, the exploration of the idea " teaching and learning vividly " and the forming of teaching style, the maturing of educational ideas and the sublimation of speciality charm. the second, on the base of striving to comprehend gu qiaoying ' s educational ideas connotation, make a theoretical carding and interpretation on her " teaching and learning vividly " idea from three aspects which are the " dead " teaching material taught by " living " person, teaching vividly in order to learn vividly and teaching " biology " as " biology ". the third, make a systematic induction and summary on gu qiaoying ' s biology teaching reform and practice on her lesson preparation, conception teaching, experiment teaching, extracurricular scientific and technological activities teaching, elicitation method of teaching, object teaching, fostering students " learning interest and the capacity of problem solving

    第一部分，對顧巧英的專業成長過程，從知能的積累與專業意識的萌芽、生物學教學的適應與職業意識的確立、 「教活學活」的探索與教學風格的形成、教育思想的成熟與專業魅力的升華四個方面進行了評介；第二部分，在力求體悟顧巧英教育思想內涵的基礎上，從「死」教材「活」人教、教「活」是為了學「活」 、把「生物學」教成「生物學」三方面對其「教活學活」思想進行了理論梳理和闡釋；第三部分，對顧巧英的備課、概念教學、實驗教學、課外科技活動教學、啟發式教學、直觀教學、對學生學習興趣與問題解決能力的培養等生物學教學改革與實踐進行了較系統地歸納與總結；第四部分，對影響顧巧英專業發展的主要因素，從其人格力量、專業知能基礎、專業發展的社會環境等方面對進行了理論分析；第五部分，在以上研究的基礎上，進一步指出了顧巧英教育思想對我國生物學教學論課程建設及其專業發展與教學經驗對我國中學生物學師資培養的理論和實踐意義。
  3. The reason why these problems begotten is in several aspects, one of it is that construction of moral education content system in universities is unsuitable for the situation of social development, for age factors and idea feature of students, and scientifically selects, establishes, designs moral education content system in practice according to the whole moral education aim and systematic principle

    個十「一、 。 m方工己於三工爿工三? ?因是由於高校德育內容構建與目前的社會發展形勢和學生的年齡特徵以及思想特點不相適應，沒有根據總的德育目標按照系統論原則在實施中對德育內容進行科學的選擇、確立和設計。
  4. Preface explains subject, gist, outline and writing significance about this dissertation in detail, introduces briefly primary contents of each special subject discussion, clarifies the main concept and view, specially, it offers the knowledge of background and writing train of thought. through this, the preface indicates the main purposes of this dissertation, which include opening out deep causes and its important social influence, summarizing ontologically its possibility of disciplinarity as a basic social being, providing a clear concept about disciplinarity, clearing up the origin and development, then, reflecting some practical problems in constructing disciplines

    緒論對本論文的選題、主旨、提綱以及寫作意義做了詳細說明，簡單介紹了各專題性論述的主要內容，澄清了論文中的主要概念、觀點，特別是提供了論文寫作的基本背景知識和思路等，指出本論文主要的目的就是試圖揭示出近代學科規訓制度產生發展的深層原因及其重要的社會影響，總結學科規訓制度作為一種基本社會存在在本體論意義上可能性，提供一個關于學科規訓制度的清晰概念，釐清它的來龍去脈，進而結合學科規訓制度來思考當前學科制度建設當中的一些現實問題。
  5. This paper makes a comprehensive study of the characteristics of real estate development and issues concerning architectural scheme, by using the knowledge of conformity architecture, real estate studies, statistics, social psychology and media studies. by giving a scientific analysis of information and making a summary of practical experience, and taking into accounts of economic, technologic and market factors, it studies simple and convenient means of application to proceed to the scientific and systematic front - end scheme conducted in stages on economical index, style, functional accessories and features of the dwelling size of residential quarters. and the design program is laid down to provide a scientific basis for the next architectural design and high - quality dwelling make to order for the customers

    本論文通過整合建築學、房地產學、統計學、社會心理學、傳播學等方面的知識，綜合考慮房地產開發的特點、建築策劃所應考慮的各項問題等，通過對信息資料的科學分析和實踐經驗的總結，兼顧經濟因素、技術因素和市場因素等，研究簡便易行的應用方法，對住宅小區的各項經濟指標、風格、功能配套、戶型特點等進行科學的、系統的、可以分階段進行的前期策劃，並制定設計任務書，給下一步建築設計提供科學的依據，為客戶提供「量身定做」的精品住宅。
  6. By its analysis of both the laws of the social and historical development and the style of individual races " evolution, maxism reveals that china has no choice but to stick to her own development, to open - door policy, and to foster the market economy of socialism. the theory of power of society development ' s analysis of basic contradiction of society and science and technology also suggest that china should promote the development on the basis of the combination of basic contradiction of society, reform and opening - up and science and technology. in the strategy of social development, maxism also clarifies the relationship between man and nature, social development and economic development, and also man and culture

    他對社會歷史發展總規律與各民族具體歷史發展道路即社會發展道路「一」與「多」關系的剖析，昭示了社會主義中國必須走自己的路，必須實行對外開放，發展社會主義市場經濟；其社會發展動力論中對社會基本矛盾、科學技術等的論述也啟示了社會主義中國必須將社會基本矛盾、改革開放及科學技術共同作為推動中國特色社會主義發展的強大動力系統；其社會發展戰略思想中對人與自然的關系、社會發展與經濟增長的關系及對人與文化等的相關論述又表明建設中國特色社會主義必須實施可持續發展戰略和科教興國戰略，以人為本，以人的全面發展為目標，同時還要構建社會主義文化的新形態。
  7. Under the guidance of theories of regional economics and land science, this dissertation focuses on studying spatially and temporally the causes and the resulting rules of land use difference at provincial level, applying the data of national land use present investigation and the related statistical material. it intends to shed light on the study of the regional difference and the optimization of the essential production factors ( land, capital and labor, etc. ) so as to benefit the national and provincial land use overall plan

    以區域經濟學和土地科學的理論為指導，依據全國土地利用現狀調查數據和有關社會經濟統計資料，從區域層次上和時空尺度上著重研究中國省區土地利用差異的成因及其影響規律，為全面研究區域差異與區域間生產要素（土地、資金、勞力）重組和編制全國與省區土地利用總體規劃提供依據。
  8. They must view the world with broad vision, acquire a correct understanding of the requirements of the times and be good at thinking on a theoretical plane and in a strategic perspective so as to improve their ability of sizing up the situation in a scientific way. they must act in compliance with objective and scientific laws, address promptly the new situation and problems in reform and development, know how to seize opportunities to accelerate development and enhance their abilities of keeping the market economy well in hand. they must correctly understand and handle various social contradictions, know how to balance the relations among different interests, overcome difficulties and go on improving their ability of coping with complicated situations

    必須以寬廣的眼界觀察世界，正確把握時代發展的要求，善於進行理論思維和戰略思維，不斷提高科學判斷形勢的能力必須堅持按照客觀規律和科學規律辦事，及時研究解決改革和建設中的新情況新問題，善於抓住機遇加快發展，不斷提高駕馭市場經濟的能力必須正確認識和處理各種社會矛盾，善於協調不同利益關系和克服各種困難，不斷提高應對復雜局面的能力必須增強法制觀念，善於把堅持黨的領導人民當家作主和依法治國統一起來，不斷提高依法執政的能力必須立足全黨全國工作大局，堅定不移地貫徹黨的路線方針政策，善於結合實際創造性地開展工作，不斷提高總攬全局的能力。
  9. It is a scientific assertion which comes from a study of experiences of administration bath abroad and at home. it is also a critical heritage from traditional chinese idea of " rule of virtue " at a time when china is malcing an effort to develop its socialist market economy

    它是在發展社會主義市場經濟的條件下，總結國內外治國經驗、批判地繼承我國古代傳統「德治」思想基礎之上得出的科學論斷；是在一定社會歷史條件下的必然產物，是對改革開放和現代化建設實踐中正反兩方面經驗的科學總結，是歷史的積淀，時代的呼喚。
  10. Culture can be defined in a wide and narrow sense. in a narrow sense the culture is the sum total of thought and theory, ethic and sentiment ; science and education, arts and literature, law and religion with respect to the human society

    文化有廣義和狹義之分，從狹義上講，文化是指關繫到人類社會的思想理論、道德情操、科學教育、文學藝術、法律宗教等精神意識方面的總和。
  11. To explore and make clear the background factor of the behaviors, the dynamic relationship and cause - effect relationship between organizational politics perceptions and consequential behaviors. this paper, based on the five theories related to power at different levels, personal perspective, strategy contingency theory, social exchange theory and structural theory. there appear several problems in the development of key disciplines and processes of crossing and assimilating of subjects, including system tie, the character of scientists, the problem of administers, which influence the development and construction of subject, through abstracting, summarizing and based on “ swot ” analytical model from the theory strategic competition by michael baud, we divide organizational politics behaviors in the organizational development of college subjects and crossing and assimilating of subjects into several sorts : including ( 1 ) offensive model ( 2 ) defensive model ( 3 ) strengthening model ( 4 ) shrinking model

    為探索和理清重點學科組織政治行為的背景因素，組織政治知覺與后續產生的組織政治行為的動態關聯性與因果關系，本研究以五種不同層次與權力相關的理論，即個人特質理論觀點（ personalperspective ） ;策略權變理論觀點（ strategycontingencytheory ） ;沖突理論觀點（ conflicttheory ） ;社會交換理論觀點（ socialexchangytheory ） ;結構化理論觀點（ structurationtheory ）為基本理論依據，將重點學科學科發展以及學科交叉與融合過程中出現的諸如體制束縛、科學家自身素質、管理層問題等影響學科建設與發展的共性現象進行提煉、總結，並依據「邁克爾?波特」的戰略競爭理論學說中的「 swot 」分析模型，將大學學科組織發展及學科交叉與融合中存在的組織政治行為進行提練歸類，分為（ 1 ）進攻型; （ 2 ）防守型; （ 3 ）增強型; （ 4 ）退縮型四類政治行為。
  12. It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

    論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。
  13. Theories, literature, as well as the rationale stated in the national curriculum guide suggests that the three curricular components should be further organized to make it more life - based

    不論從課程總綱、生活課程基本理念或有關文獻看，藝術與人文、社會、自然與生活科技，皆宜打破原學習領域界限，組成統整、有意義而能夠培養在生活中學習之能力的課程。
  14. This paper summarizes the distribution law and basic features of karst caves in zhejiang province, gives a brief introduction to the specific characteristics of 8 main karst caves, and maintains that scientific tourism is the only way for the sustainable development of tourist industry of karst cave scene : exploitation of karst caves tourist resources is still in the primary stage ; individual and combinative characteristics of every karst cave scene must be made prominent ; leaders of government at different levels as well as people in charge of karst cave scene should lay stress not only on economic benefit but also on societal benefit ; main operation stags of scientific tourism ; requirement of improving tourism taste will further development of tourism resources of karst cave

    摘要對浙江省巖溶洞穴的分佈規律與基本特徵進行了總結與概括，並就浙江省8個主要溶洞的個性特徵作了簡要的介紹，最後提出並論述了倡導科學旅遊是溶洞旅遊業可持續發展的必由之路：溶洞旅遊資源的開發目前仍處于初級階段；要突出每個溶洞景區的個性及其組合特點；各級黨政領導與溶洞景區負責人不僅要重視經濟效益，也要重視社會效益；科學旅遊的主要操作步驟；遊客對旅遊品位要求的提高也將進一步促進溶洞旅遊資源的深入開發。
  15. Then, it summarized the application of social marketing theory in public utility both here and abroad ; based on using for reference of kotler ’ s theory of social marketing on managing process model and according to the circumstance of the development of our country ’ s public utility, this paper designed the managing process model of public utility

    然後總結了社會營銷在國內外公益事業中運用的情況;在借鑒kotler關于社會營銷管理過程的理論的基礎上，根據中國公益事業發展的客觀情況設計出公益事業社會營銷的管理過程模型;應用該過程模型策劃南京市大型科學儀器共享網路的公益事業社會營銷項目。
  16. Theoretically, fiscal fund and bank fund play the different roles in economy, have the different running mechanism, but a reasonable proportion should be kept between the two kinds of funds. there are many irrational phenomena in the operation cycle of fiscal fund and bank fund because of the historical and institutional reasons during the economy transition period. the confusional use of the two kinds of funds result in many contradiction and friction

    雖然從理論上講財政資金和銀行資金在社會經濟生活當中各自扮演著不同的角色，各自有著不同的運行機制，兩種資金之間也確實存在著一個科學合理的分工，在社會總資金中保持合理的比例，在經濟調控中各司其職，然而，正是由於我國目前處于經濟轉軌時期，歷史上的，體制上的種種原因使得我國現階段財政資金和銀行資金的運行中存在著種種不合理的現象，資金運用的不規范導致了兩種資金運行的矛盾，摩擦不斷。
  17. Firstly, this thesis was based on thoughts and theories of chemistry teaching material experiment parts of establishments that was discussed, and stressed on studying the united states reformation of the high school chemistry teaching material practices since half a century ; and summed up five characteristics on experiment parts of establishments : first has more than hours of the experiment lesson, and student need use half time do the experiment ; second is to emphasize strict and careful science attitude, and educate students as scientists to do the experiment ; third is that a chemistry experiment should face to the society, face to the life and face to the other related course ; fourth is that investigating types and its ability have been used as the important contents on chemistry experiment reform and development ; fifth is that chemistry teaching material establishment emphasize universal science and technique knowledge, and increase citizens chemistry science attainments

    本文首先在論述化學教材實驗部分編制的思想理論基礎上，重點探討美國半個世紀以來中學化學教材的改革實踐，並總結出了其實驗部分編寫的五個特點：一是實驗課時較多，學生需用一半的學習時間做實驗；二是強調嚴謹的科學態度，教育學生象科學家那樣去做實驗；三是化學實驗面向社會、面向生活、面向其它相關學科；四是探究式學習和探究式能力培養一直作為化學及化學實驗改革和發展的重要內容；五是化學教材編制強調普及科學技術知識，提高公民的化學科學素養。
  18. Our theorists have contributed a great deal by studying, expounding and publicizing the theory that practice is the sole criterion for testing truth, the scientific analysis of the party ' s history, especially in the period since the founding of the people ' s republic, and the need to build socialism with chinese characteristics, to reform the economic and political structures, build a socialist society advanced in ethics and culture and to educate people in communism and patriotism

    關于實踐是檢驗真理唯一標準的討論，關于黨的歷史特別是建國以來歷史的科學總結，關于建設有中國特色的社會主義，關于經濟和政治體制的改革，關于建設社會主義精神文明和加強共產主義、愛國主義思想教育，圍繞這些，理論界做了許多研究、論證和宣傳工作，發揮了積極的作用。
  19. As an important part of rational knowledge, social science is not an objective conclusion of social development, nor a founding of the development of social existence. rational knowledge only provides a subjective explanation for the frame system of social existence. it tries to let people understand why it is the economic system, not others, that occupies the main status

    作為理性認識的一個重要組成部分，社會科學理論並不是關于社會發展過程的客觀總結，更不是對社會存在的發展變化規律的發現;它只提供了一個關于社會存在的結構關系體系的主觀解釋，試圖讓人能夠理解為什麼恰恰是某些經濟制度而不是別的制度占據了主導地位;它無法對未來社會發展的道路和方向提供預測，更不用說做出指導和規劃了。
  20. The theoretical purpose of this paper is to explore the webometrics as a new cross marginal discipline and discuss with emphasis the major applications of webometrics to informatics. the practical purpose is, by adopting the webometric methods of the library experts in our country, the total impact of these experts, to analyze quantitatively their regional distribution, the institutions they belong to, and the distribution within the library system, and demonstrate with concrete examples, the objectivity and accuracy of the webometrics in social science research and evaluation

    本文研究的目的就是理論上探究網路計量學這一門新興交叉邊緣性學科，重點闡述網路計量學的六大應用領域，實踐上通過我國圖書館學會員的網路測評，定量分析了我國圖書館學會委員的總體影響情況、圖書館學會委員的地域分佈、圖書館學會委員所屬系統及圖書館系統內部分佈情況，用實例來證明了用網路計量方法來對社會科學研究與社會科學評價進行定量分析的客觀性、準確性。
分享友人
分享到 Line

分享到臉書