社會自由主義 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shèkuàizìyóuzhǔyì]
社會自由主義 英文
social liberalism
  • 社 : 名詞1 （共同工作或生活的一種集體組織） organized body; agency; society 2 （人民公社） people s co...
  • 會 : 會構詞成分
  • 自 : Ⅰ代詞（自己） self; oneself; one s own Ⅱ副詞（自然;當然） certainly; of course; naturally; willin...
  • 由 : causereason
  • 義 : Ⅰ名詞1 （正義） justice; righteousness 2 （情誼） human ties; relationship 3 （意義） meaning; si...
  • 社會 : society
  • 自由 : freedomliberty
  1. In view of this situation, the dissertation attempts to tidy up the principles of naturalism and rationalism on organization theory, by analyzing john s. mill ’ s “ three propositions ” or “ three paradoxes ”. the thesis argues that with the scientific ecological method, the obstacle of modern government can be broken down and government theory can get out of the shadow of big government, too. establishing an ecotypic state and a new public administrative structure generate the preconditions for shifting the state from the situation of “ overtopping society ” to that of “ forging with society ”

    鑒於此，本文從密爾的「三大命題」或「三大悖論」切入，梳理出人類有史以來在管理組織論上自然主義和理性主義交織的基本線條，發現從生態方法切入，運用現代科學方法，可以打破近代政府論的桎梏，走出現代大政府的陰影，逐步建立生態型政府和新型公共治理結構，為政府由「凌駕于社會之上」到「融會于社會之中」創造條件。
  2. The point analyses the composition and efficancy of the structure of corporate governance with the modern administration theory. lt systematically sets forth and compares the features and development of the structure of the corporate governance in chinese and western. by analyzing the present situation of our listing companies, it points out : " the internal control " can be considered the inevitable phenomenon, emerged in the period from the socialism planned economy to the market economy in china ' s state - owned enterprises. by the means of gathering a vast amount of data and analying cases and charts, it gives the conclutions : because the enterprise inform is progressed " step by step ", the internal controlling in our country has assumed its own features : the enterprise is in the concussion between the " super - powerful controp ' of external and the " super - weakly control " in internal. those popular phenomenon have been looked as the principle manifestation of " the internal control " which taking the national stock as the ma in part and holding the post of chainman of the board and the chief manager in company to the same man

    本文利用現代管理理論和現代企業理論來剖析公司治理結構的組成和效率體現，對中西方公司治理結構的特徵和歷史發展作了較系統的闡述和比較，並且運用大量的數據對我國上市公司治理結構進行了實證分析，指出： 「內部人控制」是在我國社會主義經濟向市場經濟轉軌時期，國有企業公司治理結構中出現的一種必然現象。本文在闡述公司治理結構特徵和功效的基礎上，通過大量數據的收集、案例分析和圖表處理來分析我國企業治理結構的歷史變遷並揭示出：由於我國企業改革是「漸進式」的， 「內部人控制」表現出其自身的特點：企業處于外部「超強控制」和「超弱控制」的兩極震蕩中。作為最具我國現代企業代表特徵的上市公司，因為以國家股為持股主體，董事長和總經理兩職兼任的現象甚為普遍而成為目前企業事實上的「內部人控制」的主要表現形式。
  3. Firstly, due to the limitation of acquaintanceship the peasats mutual enthusiasm was wrongly regarded as their socialist enthusiasm, which resulted in the equalitarian distribution and impinged the middle peasants " interests ; secondly, the mistake of " left " was inevitable because the " left " policy was carried through from the top to the lower by executive orders, although the prorincial committee of hunan attempted to resist the mistake of " left " ; thirdly, according to the policy of " uniting middle peasants ", the middle peasants were only the objects of unibus so they might be regarded as friends or enemies as well and they could be united or perished as well

    究其原因，主要是三個方面，第一，由於當時認識水平所限，把農民的互助積極性當作社會主義積極性，實行平均主義，這樣必然會侵犯、損害中農利益。第二，雖然湖南省委對「左」的錯誤努力堅持加以糾正，但「左」的錯誤用行政命令方式自上而下，無法避免。第三， 「團結中農」在實踐中把中農作看統一戰線對象，則既可做朋友，也可成敵人，也即既可做團結對象，也可成為打擊目標。
  4. Though not a political or social radical, lewis was an open-minded liberal.

    盡管劉易斯在政治方面或社會生活方面並不是一個激進分子，但他是一個開明的自由主義者。
  5. At first, both experience theory in modem philosophy and traditional percipient ' s knowledge in china provide philosophic basis for constructing learning method focusing on experience. secondly, it derives from soul in such three schools of course theory as subject - core, children - core and society - core and meets the demand of the new system of course. thirdly, the structuralists regard students as the builders of knowledge

    創新性學習有著堅實的理論基礎，首先，不論中國傳統的知覺體認識，還是當代西方哲學中的「體驗論」 ，都為構建以獲得「體驗」為主的學習方式提供了哲學基礎；其次，創新性學習汲取了學科中心論、兒童中心論和社會中心論三大課程流派的理論精華，適應了新課程體系的需求；第三，構建主義教學論以學生為知識的建構者，學習應該是由學生自主發生的、將知識形成和創新為最高目標的創新性學習。
  6. The cultural construction work in the transition period left a lot of important historical experience for us. they are : ( 1 ) we should establish the directing role of maxism in all ideological fields and using it to criticize various wrong opinions, but we should distinguish the researching problems from the political problems which belong to two contradictions of different quality ; ( 2 ) we must insist the ccp ' s leading role for all cultural and educational work, but the researching dispute, should not be judged by individual but be solved by observing the regularities of the culural development ; ( 3 ) we must determine the cultural construction serve the people and socialism, but we must correctly recognize and estimate the intellectual of our country, and work out correct policies and stick to them ; ( 4 ) we must establish the security of law and system for cultural construction

    認真總結這一時期的文化建設工作，它給我們留下了非常重要的歷史經驗：既要確立馬克思主義在意識形態各領域的指導地位，注意對各種錯誤傾向的批判和糾正，又要嚴格分清學術問題和政治問題的界限，分清人民內部矛盾與敵我矛盾的界限；既要堅持黨對整個文化教育事業的領導，又要尊重文化自身的發展規律，而不能由個人對學術問題作出「裁決」 ；既要堅持文化建設為人民服務、為社會主義服務的方向，又必須正確認識和估價我國的知識分子隊伍，制定和堅持正確的知識分子政策；確立文化建設的法制保障。
  7. Under the drive of this kind of benefits, each local government, profession section and several big business enterprises abuse the administrative power, limiting or expelling the fair competition. numerous business enterprises feel it difficult to speak their minds or dare not speak out. thus, the rights of consumers are injured hardly, the development of national economy loses its balance seriously, which of course destroys the establishment and perfection of a unified big market

    壟斷的理由多種多樣，五花八門，但究其動力來說，就是追求直接或間接的經濟利益，在這種利益驅動下，各地方政府、各行業部門以及各個規模龐大的企業集團濫用自己的地位與權力，限制和排除公平競爭，不僅使眾多企業有口難言，更是嚴重侵害了消費者的利益，破壞了社會主義市場經濟的聲譽，造成國家經濟發展的嚴重失衡，損害了統一大市場的建立與完善。
  8. The second part analyses the reason of the complexity of national issue about the west : in economy, the reason that is economy among regions develops unbalance able and the national minority ca n ' t adapt the change of economic system very much, and the developing distance between national regions and coastal regions enlarges the estrangement which exists before and the national relationship is shocked by establishing socialism market economic system. in politics, the reason that is ill - considered national policies, unperfected national region self - control system, the effect and permeation of national and international hostile power. in culture, the reason that is the reverse effect of nationalism, the modernity of national traditional culture causes the complexity of national issue

    第二部分從三個方面分析了西部地區民族問題復雜性的原因：經濟上，是由於地區間經濟發展不平衡，經濟體制變化使少數民族表現出不適性，民族地區和沿海地區發展差距的擴大加深了原有的民族隔閡和猜忌，民族關系受到建設社會主義市場經濟體制的沖擊；政治上，是由於失誤的民族政策，民族區域自治制度不完善，國內外敵對勢力的影響、滲透等因素的作用；思想文化上，是由於民族主義的負面影響，民族傳統文化的現代化帶來民族問題的復雜性。
  9. Over 50 years after wwii was a significant period in american socialism development, during which american socialist movement was plunged into great straits because of rampant attack from monopolist capitalists, tortuous development in international communist movement and cpusa immaturity

    戰后50多年是美國社會主義發展的一個重要的時期，在這段時間里，由於壟斷資本的猖狂進攻和國際共產主義運動的曲折發展，還由於美共自身發展的不成熟性，使美國的社會主義運動步入了十分艱難的境地。
  10. Heavily influenced by this political culture - thinking template, and with the emerging dispute about the " correct revolutionary approach " and " proper construction model ", both chinese and russians insisted on the legitimacy of their own understanding

    在這種政治文化思維模式影響下，由於中蘇兩國在實踐中對社會主義的發展模式、革命道路的認識發生了分歧，雙方都堅持自己的觀點是正確的，對方的是「莠草」 。
  11. This paper began from the definition gender and analyzed the traditional concepts of equality and tried to explain that the former what - is - called equality wrong point of view which wanted to efface the existing difference between man and woman and wanted to get the absolute equality. with the help of some postmodern terms and views, the writer tries to descontruct the traditional mode of equality and tries to take advantage of the individual characters of man ' s and woman ' s to make them can enjoy differential equality on the basis of admitting the i nfluence of gender on man and woman. the writer also suggests that the party that take more duties or lossed because of the differential equality should be compensated by the government through the laws, policies and economic approaches

    然而，現實生活中，女性得到的平等權仍是形式上的平等，離真正的男女平等還相差甚遠，造成此現象的原因是多方面的，本文僅從「社會性別」這一概念入手，通過對傳統平等觀的剖析，說明以往的平等權是一種企圖抹殺客觀存在的男女性別差異和社會性別的影響，要求男女絕對一樣的平等的錯誤觀點，筆者藉助后現代主義的部分觀點試圖解構這種傳統固定的平等模式，以期在承認社會性別對男女影響的基礎上，發揮、利用男性與女性各自的優點和特點，對其實行有差別的平等，對由於實行「有差別」的平等給女性（或男性）造成的損失或對多承擔義務的一方，國家從法律、政策、經濟等多方面對受損害者和多承擔義務者給予救濟，以此達到女性平等權的真正實現。
  12. These forms contain the modern times constitution, the contemporary age constitution and the soviet union socialism constitution. by this way, private property itself and civilization make out their way

    它推動著並經歷了近代市民憲法、現代市民憲法和蘇聯型社會主義憲法三種模式的形成與轉換，並由此走出了自身與社會文明的變奏。
  13. Farmers cannot get the good seed which has high yield, high quality, high resistance. as socialist market economy is tending toward perfection, especially 《 plant new variety protection 》, 《 seed law 》 those polities are coming on, and foreign large seed companies are joining in after china enter wto in fear of the coming of our country ’ s agriculture protection period. therefore, the general adoption of the market principle of china ’ s seed industry speed up, and the challenge between seed companies become hot

    傳統種子業是由自給自足的非商品化產業過渡到計劃經濟體制下政府壟斷性的行業，此時期，新品種及配套的新技術得不到很好的應用，行業市場集中程度很低，農民（用戶）很大程度上得不到高產、優質、高抗的良種，隨著社會主義市場經濟的不斷完善成熟，特別是《植物新品種保護條例》 、 《種子法》等政策、法規的相繼出臺實施，更為重要的是中國加入wto后對我國農業保護期限的即將到來，國外種業巨頭伺機紛紛進入，加速了中國種子產業的市場化進程，種業企業的競爭日益加劇，同時為中國種子產業的規模化、產業化經營帶來了更多的機遇。
  14. After this, a more detailed analysis on several aspects of the hunan electric power market including social economy, structural situation, consume structure, power consumption, etc. shows the fact that the increase in the power consumption in recent years is mainly due to that in the first industry and residents " daily life. we also draw the conclusion that the ease of the contradiction between demand and supply in the electric power market tends to present the natural principle in that market

    首先對湖南省能源資源和電力工業進行了概況分析，然後分析了湖南省電力市場的以下幾個方面：社會經濟狀況，用電結構與用電負荷；電力市場中的消費增長近年主要由第一產業和居民生活用電增長拉動；電力市場用電負荷因供需矛盾的緩和而更趨表現其自然性規律；最後做了湖南省鯉魚江電廠擴建工程對改善湖南電力工業現狀的意義分析。
  15. Her life took another turn in the second year as she joined lingnans student international exchange programme and spent a semester in the united states, affording her yet another chance to experience a student life away from home. the exchange experience made her realize the importance of self - help and support from the others. upon her return, she participated actively in a lot of community services, such as volunteer works for the hong kong society for the deaf and the hong kong jockey club

    她在二年級時作了一個重要決定，便是透過嶺大的國際學術交流計劃遠赴美國當交流生，體驗外國的學習生活張同學經過上半年的人生體驗，明白助人自助的重要性，她在二年級下學期回到香港時，便積極在校內外參與不同社會服務，包括于香港聾人促進會香港賽馬會舊生會等機構當義工張同學在三年級時同樣活躍，她代表嶺大到北京出席會由香港青年協會主辦的第一屆華人青年論壇，與其他華人青年作交流，獲益良多。
  16. The western modernity has greatly promoted the development of human society. but because of the self - limitation, it gradually gets trapped in the cries, and results in the criticism of post - modernists

    西方現代性在人類社會歷史曾起過非常重要的推動作用，但由於自身的局限，漸漸陷入了危機和困境，引起了后現代主義者的激烈批判。
  17. Little is known about how to control anpsp due to lack of the related theory and practical experience. especially there is no satisfactory measure to reduce the runoff and leaching of n and p from agriculture into rivers and lakes. it ' s very significant in both theory and realism to reduce agricultural non - point source pollution and protect our ecological environment for realizing the harmonious development of resource, environment and agriculture in china

    農業面源污染是困擾我國社會、經濟持續發展的一個嚴重的環境問題，主要是由於農業面源污染具有量大面廣、分散的特點，並受自然條件突發性、偶然性和隨機性的制約，現階段我們對農業面源污染情況的了解程度遠遠不如點源污染，還缺乏整治的相關理論基礎和實踐經驗，減少污染物尤其是氮、磷營養的排放具有相當大的難度，因此控制農業面源污染、保護和優化生態環境對實現我國資源、環境和農業協調發展有重要的理論和現實意義。
  18. The national question in yugoslavia became acute during the period of sfry, the reason was that on the way of the reform of yugoslavia autonoraic socialism, federalism decentralized excessively, emphasized absolute equality of the nations, and this " confederalization " misplay of institutional leaded the national question in yugoslavia to coming out again

    南斯拉夫聯邦時期民族問題從緩解到激化的消長歷程，其緣由並非在於南共對聯邦制這一國家結構的選擇，而是南斯拉夫在自治社會主義制度探索和改革中，其聯邦制發生了過度分權、強調民族絕對平等的「邦聯化」畸變，這種制度變遷上的失誤才是南斯拉夫民族問題重浮水面的主要原委。
  19. At the time of studying this topic, with a social humane care spirit and along with a serious academic attitude, i take many efforts to think and probe about this topic from different a ngles and different layers so as to find a comprehensive and intensive tone in the sounds from all directions

    筆者在研究這一題目時，主要立足於國際刑法的內容，帶著社會人文關懷精神，從不同角度深入地進行了思考和探索，力求在來自四面八方的聲音中找到一個理論基調。本文由四個部分組成。第一章中恐怖主義的概念一直是這個課題的重點及難點。
  20. The constitutional function of social organization in public administration theories is mainly taking on governmental responsibility, providing public product and service and building the limited government and so on. the exertion of constitutional function is related not only with the development and maturity of social organization itself, but also with the change of recognition and the mode of the constitutional construction. there are two forms of constitutional construction pattern : the mode of state guiding and the mode of social guiding

    社團憲政功能的發揮不但和社團本身的發育和成熟程度有關，而且也取決于對于憲政的認識與憲政的發展模式的改變，憲政建設有國家主導型和社會自治型兩種模式，兩種模式都存在自身的局限性，不能獨自完成憲政建設的任務，應在打破憲政工具主義認識的基礎上，建立社團參與的多元主體憲政建設模式，由國家和社會共同推進憲政發展。
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