稅負能力 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [shuìfùnénglì]
稅負能力
英文
tax bearing capacity-
Main show is in : exit drawback structure is unreasonable, the requirement that incommensurate industry structural adjustment optimizes ; exit drawback amount exceeded central finance to bear ability ; the burden mechanism that exports drawback is not quite scientific, go against the science of export trade, standard management
主要表現在：出口退稅結構不合理，不適應產業結構調整優化的要求；出口退稅數額超出了中心財政承受能力；出口退稅的負擔機制不夠科學，不利於出口貿易的科學、規范治理。The tax treatment is unfair among different businesses and different tax - payers. the abnormal taxation certainly results in the abnormal development of the bank and securities industry. the difference between the taxation of china bank and securities industry and the foreign taxation that include the taxing scope, the abstraction and materialization of taxation, the taxation operation, the sanction and transparency of tax law, the seriousness of taxing administration and tax policy choice, not only provide the opportunity for the foreign finance institution which can carry out tax planning, moreover tax equity, but also likely lead to that the foreign finance institution lack confidence to china market and policy, finally affect its investment and result in tax unfairness among tax - payers
長期以來，我國財政與金融的特殊關系使得財政對銀行業實行「特殊」的稅收政策，銀行業整體稅負高於製造業以及非金融性的服務業，中資金融企業稅負高於外資金融機構，過重的稅負使得銀行資本充足率難以保證，發展失去后勁；二是我國銀行業和證券業稅制結構不合理、稅制不規范、不科學，銀行和證券業內部不同行業、不同納稅人之間稅收待遇不公平，畸形的稅制必將導致銀行與證券業的畸形發展；三是我國銀行業和證券業稅制與外國稅制的差異，包括征稅范圍大小、稅制的抽象化與具體化、稅制的可操作性、稅收法律約束力和透明度、稅收執法的嚴肅性等差異，不僅給外資金融機構進行稅務籌劃甚至偷逃稅提供了可乘之機，而且還可能使得外資金融機構對中國市場、對政府政策缺乏信心，而影響其投資，也導致納稅人之間稅負不公。However, excessive tax competition may weaken the effectiveness of the tax incentives, hence incuring welfare loss ; ( ii ) in a non - cooperation tax competition equilibrium, it turns out that tax rates are set too low to fiance an efficient level of public expenditure, especially lowers the provision of the public goods benefiting residents ; ( iii ) competition for capital means the revenue from capital income taxation declines. in order to maintain the necessary public expenditure, the government would shift tax burden towards the more immobile labor, which may arouse the inequity issues on redistribution. chapter 3 : " the strategy of international tax competition and optimal capital taxation.
但過度的稅收競爭反而會減弱稅收激勵政策的有效性，降低一國福利水平；其二，在非合作均衡狀態下，國際稅收競爭使所有國家的資本課稅都維持在缺乏效率的低稅率狀態，從而不能獲取足夠的財政收入，導致公共產品提供不足；其三，旨在吸引資本流入的稅收競爭，普遍降低了對資本所得的課稅，但政府為了獲取足夠的財政收入以維持正常的支出，會將本來由資本承擔的一部分稅負轉移到流動性較弱的勞動力身上。No matter is looked from the short - term or for a long time, capital structure is strongly related to non - debt tax shield and profitability
不論是從短期還是長期來看，公司的資本結構都相關于非負債類稅盾和盈利能力。Part 3 is the empirical analysis to the influencing factor of listed company ' s capital structure in china, specifically with spss software and main composition analysis method, it correlated dividend policy, income tax, equity structure, non liability tax shield and income variation level of company, company growth, company ' s profit ability, asset structure, company ' s scale with capital structure ( the contents embrace btdr, bldr, bsdr ), we make the conclusion as follows : comparing with the research result of influencing factor of the company ' s capital structure of the developed country, the influencing factors of the listed company ' s capital structure in china have partial similarnesses
第三部分中國上市公司資本結構的影響因素分析這部分是本文的重點之一，具體是採用spss11 . 5軟體，用主成分分析法與多元回歸分析，對公司的股利政策、所得稅、股權結構、非負債稅盾、收入變異程度、公司的成長性、公司盈利能力、資產結構、公司規模與代表資本結構的變量（ btdr ， bldr ， bsdr ）作相關研究，結果是：和發達國家公司資本結構的影響因素研究結果相比較，我國上市公司資本結構的影響因素存在部分相似性。Thirdly, based on correlation and multiple regression analysis, the thesis employs 165 listed companies in service industry, studies empirically inner influential factors of capital structure. it ' s concluded that leverage increases with rate of sales growth ; decreases with profitability, tobin ' q and non - debt tax shields ; and there is no significant correlation between firms " size, real tax, assets collateral value, ownership structure and leverage
對我國服務業165家上市公司2001 - 2002年末財務數據進行相關性和多元回歸分析，得出，企業杠桿和主營業務收入增長率顯著正相關；和托賓指數、盈利能力、非負債稅盾顯著負相關；和企業規模、實際稅率、資產擔保價值、股權結構沒有顯著影響。This study begins from the farmers " economical bearing capacity of farmers to the burden, sets up the framework of mathematical model, introduces the theory of survival rationality in sociology, judges the psychological expectation and bearing capacity of farmers generally, and confirms a rational burden limit which the farmers can bear economically and agree psychologically. using the case in annul province as an example, the study also analyzes positively the farmers " capability of bearing tax
本研充從農民對負擔的經濟承受能力入手建立數學模型框架進行分析，並引入社會學「生存理性」的理論，對農民的心理預期及承受能力進行綜合判斷，並確定一個現階段農民在經濟上能承受、心理上能認同的合理負擔界限，並以安徽省為例，對農民的負稅能力進行了實證分析。This is just surface reason of the rate of state - owned business indebtedness to increase. ( two ) state - owned business profit ability is bad, and appear payment of interest that is in net finance loss. namely business proceeds with tax before paying the interest has the scarcity to pay the interest charge
（二）國有企業盈利能力差，出現了凈的財務虧損，也就是企業的付息得納稅前收益不足以支付利息費用，隨著利息拖欠額的增加，企業的負債率越來越高。We find that current asset turnover, debt ratio, revenue growth rate, profit margin before taxes and investing gains, return before taxes on assets et al. can predict financial distress accurately
研究發現，由流動資產周轉率、資產負債率、銷售收入增長率、扣除投資收益的稅前銷售利潤率和稅前資產利潤率這五個財務指標建立的數學模型具有較強的預測能力。Through inner coordination one enterprise group can formulate market dominance. in some country related party transactions can escape tax legally. but in our country related party transactions make enterprise evaluation lose the objective foundation, it give related party chance to plunder listed company ' s wealth, at last it make listed company lose ability to develop itself
企業集團內部進行的關聯交易可以降低交易成本、提高經營效率，並通過內部財務和經營政策協調構建市場競爭優勢，最後關聯交易還可以實現合法避稅，降低企業集團整體稅負，這些是關聯交易的積極方面；當前，我國上市公司關聯交易使企業業績評估失去客觀基礎，為關聯方「掏空」上市公司和配合二級市場炒作提供了工具，最終使上市公司失去自生能力，這些是上市公司的消極影響。Ability to pay basis
負稅能力基準Ablility - to - pay principle
負稅能力原則Ability of bearing taxation
負稅能力For control variables, the results indicate that different industries have different capital structures, size of the company is positively related to total debt ratio, return on asset is negatively related to total debt ratio, growth of the company has no distinct relation to total debt ratio, probability of bankruptcy has no distinct relation to total debt ratio, nondebt tax shield is negatively related to total debt ratio, fixed asset / total asset ratio, inventory / total asset ratio and intangible asset / total asset ratio are positively related to total debt ratio
對控制變量，研究顯示：行業對資本結構有顯著的影響；公司規模與資產負債率正相關；公司盈利能力與資產負債率負相關；公司的成長性與資產負債率沒有顯著的關系；破產可能性與資產負債率沒有顯著的關系；非債務避稅與資產負債率負相關；固定資產、存貨和無形資產占總資產的比率與資產負債率正相關。At the same time, reducing expenses, enriching reserves, increasing the earning assets and cutting down fixed assets are also to be taken into consideration. on the basis of the above contents and conclusions, this study points out some macropolicy selections including removing limitation on capital raising, investment channels, alleviating tax and encouraging merger and acquisition
壽險業經營風險的化解和防範主要依靠壽險公司不斷提高經營能力，但作為一個有關國計民生的幼稚產業，國家政策也應當給予扶持，解決目前壽險經營面臨的資本困境、投資困境和稅賦負擔，鼓勵保險公司的並構和重組以提高經營實力It also underpins our low tax policy and is an important tool in our striving to achieve a fiscal balance as stipulated in the basic law. there are certain exceptions to this principle whereby we would provide subsidies to services which are vital to the public and affect their livelihood, such as school fees and medical fees
此外，這項收入有助實行低稅政策，並對我們致力達到《基本法》有關收支平衡的規定十分重要。政府實行這項原則，但也有例外的情況。政府會因應市民的負擔能力，補貼與市民息息相關和影響民生的服務，例如學費和醫療費用。It is shown that the target export rebate system should be established through five facets : the reform of the value - added tax ( vat ) system, the setting of the rebate rate, the unification of the administrative measure of the export rebate, the optimization of the rebate fiscal burden and the strengthen of the administration of the export rebate, which can ultimately acquire the least rebate cost and the maximum rebate benefit. to be detail, first, the existing vat system should be reformed, the vat system should be transformed from the production model to consumption model and the administration of levying tax should be strengthened, which can establish a good basis for the optimization of the export rebate system ; second, after considering the national and international practical situation comprehensively, the suitable rebate rate which is combined " neutral and different " should be chosen, and a set of elastic system of rebate rate which has both relative stability and timing flexibility should be establish ed ; third, with the further deepening of the reform of foreign trade system and the gradual improvement of the ability of the administration of the export rebate, the existing two kinds of administrative measures should be gradually transited to the single measure - " exemption, credit and rebate " ; forth, the existing sharing measure of vat should be innovated, the new rebate burden system - " first rebate then share " should be built ; fifth, a set of stimulation and restriction system of export enterprises and tax authorities should be built to strengthen the administration of export rebate effectively
研究表明，我國目標出口退稅機制需要從五個方面進行構建：即增值稅制度改革、退稅率設置、退稅管理辦法統一、退稅財政分擔優化和退稅管理的強化，最終方可達到總體退稅成本最低和退稅收益的最大化。更具體地說，一是改革現行增值稅制度，將我國增值稅制度由生產型逐步轉為消費型，並強化征稅管理，為退稅機制的優化奠定基礎；二是在綜合考慮國內國際實際情況的前提條件下，選擇適宜我國的「中性與非中性」相結合的退稅率，並建立一套具有相對穩定性和適時靈活性的彈性退稅率機制；三是伴隨著外貿體制改革的進一步深化和退稅管理能力的逐步提高，將現行兩種出口退稅管理辦法逐步過渡到以「免、抵、退」為主的單一管理辦法；四是改革現行增值稅共享辦法，建立「先退稅后共享」的新型退稅負擔機制；五是建立一套針對出口企業和稅務機關的激勵約束機制，有效強化出口退稅的管理。The main viewpoints of this paper are as below : the system of raising funds and labors to the one discussion over each matter can not be hold as the main responsibility of rural public product supply, but just hold as a temporary policy and system, just meet emergency and take a buffer function. : abolish thoroughly agricultural tax and fee - collecting for one discussion over each matter ; decrease the burdens of chinese farmers, relief the pressure to rural area autonomous organization ; the government should take the main responsibility of rural public product supply. those all above are inner demand and trends of chinese rural development
本文提出的主要觀點： 「一事一議」籌資籌勞難以承擔農村公共物品供給的主體責任，只能作為一種過渡性政策和制度，起一些應急性或緩沖作用；徹底取消農業稅和「一事一議」收費，給中國農民減輕負擔，給中國村民自治組織減輕壓力，政府責無旁貸地承擔起農村公共物品供給主體的責任，是中國農村發展的一種內在要求和必然趨勢。分享友人