空參引 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [kōngshēnyǐn]
空參引
英文
null reference-
In view of bearing capacity of the elastoplastic theory analysis, the author made a comparison between the achieved bearing capacity limit load pi / 4 of round base ( space problem ) and the limit load pi / 4 of bar groundwork foundation design ( plane problem ) from soil mechanics at home and abroad as well as foundation criterion, and explained why the value of formula in present design criterion from soil mechanics is inclined to be conservative. in the light of the author ' s many years experience of vibration test on the spot and the research work of relevant projects, the author worked over the dynamic pile testing of the bearing capacity of foundation and batholith, and gathered the parameter of dynamic analysis and testing. the author also talked over the difficult point of pile foundation design criteria in present batholith engineering world, i. e. the confirmation of batholith bearing capacity of pile end, from the following aspects : a ) confirmation of single axis counter - pressure strength of rock in house ; b ) f. e. m calculation of elastoplastic model ; c ) calculation of soil mechanics ; d ) deep well load test
然後，對巖土工程領域至今尚未解決，甚至不為人注意的考慮地基變形的地基承載力問題進行了實用化的探討，提出了考慮地基變形的地基承載力上程計算方法；對基於彈塑性理論分析的地基承載力國內尚未見報道的空間問題得到了圓形基礎（空間問題）的承載力界限荷載p _ （ 1 / 4 ） ，並與國內外土力學專著及地基基礎設計規范中的條形基礎（平面問題）的界限荷載p _ （ 1 / 4 ） ，進行了對比，從而定量上解釋了目前設計規范引用土力學承載力公式值偏於保守的這一情況；根據本文作者多年從事現場地基工程振動試驗及相關課題的研究工作，本文以截頭錐模型模擬地基，對地基（巖基）承載力的動測法進行了研究，為各類地基（包括巖基） ，匯總了動力分析和檢測川的參數：針對日前巖土工程界應用樁基設計規范中的難點? ?樁端巖基承載力的確定問題，從巖石室內單軸抗壓強度確定、基於彈塑性模型的有限單元法計算、土力學計算及深斤載荷試驗四方面進行了深入討論；本文作者根據多年現場載荷試驗的工程實踐，對深井荷試驗裝置的核心部分? ?反力裝置，設計了側壁支撐反力加載系統，該加載系統具有實用、簡便、穩定及安個等優點。This dissertation can be divided into three parts as following : focusing on institutional risk control, this dissertation demonstrated the effect of institutional risk on dis " objects by analyzing the relationship between deposit insurance and financial development, financial stability and market discipline, in light of foreign or native primary theory and empirical results of dis. in virtue of statistical method and with the theory of game, this dissertation explored the cause the institutional risk such as moral risk and adverse selection, on the basis of which discussed the approach of controlling institutional risk and proper deposit insurance pattern. because deposit insurance assessment is the core of institutional risk control, this dissertation introduced and discussed deeply the passive casualty - insurance model, the option - pricing model, the game - theory - based pricing model, and reasonable pricing interval, and put forward the hierarchical pricing strategy of dis on the balance of information confiscatory and risk - based - assessment necessity
本文以存款保險制度風險控制為中心，在借鑒國內外關于存款保險制度的基本理論和實證的基礎上，通過分析存款保險與金融發展、金融穩定和市場懲戒等方面的關系，論證了存款保險制度風險對存款保險制度目標的影響；並藉助統計學的方法，運用信息博弈論的觀點，從主要制度參與者? ?投保機構和存款保險機構? ?的效用函數出發，對存款保險所引發的道德風險和逆向選擇等制度風險的成因進行深入的剖析，探討有效控制制度風險的途徑和制度參數的安排模式；由於存款保險定價是制度風險管理的核心問題，本文還專門對意外存款保險消極模型、存款保險的期權定價模型、基於信息經濟學的存款保險定價模型以及合理定價區間等定價模式進行深入分析和詳細評述，闡述各種定價思路的局限性和可能運用的空間，通過權衡信息的充分性和風險定價的必要性，提出存款保險制度的層次性定價策略。Her previous contribution to iaf asian conferences as a presenter are : 2001 penang - open space technology and 2002 kuching - participatory decision making tool
過去逸臻曾經帶領引導的亞洲區研討會包括： iaf亞洲研討會2001年（檳城） -開放空間科技； 2002 （古晉） -參與性決策工具。Ultrasonic has being attracted much attention gradually in fuel atomization because of some specialities of cavitation and infection on liquid flow. in the course of atomization of pitchy oil, especially, does it show greatly its advantage, but its material atomizational mechanism need research ulteriorly. the primary content of this thesis is about adding cantilever reed to effervescent atomizer so as to combine ultrasonic and effervescent. this thesis has discussed ultrasonic some mechanism, ultrasonic dynamical procreator, effervescent and liquid mucosity infection on atomization, at the some time we make some experiments and discuss atomization rule following some machinery parameter and run parameter so as to find some rule about ultrasonic atomization and to rich the research of ultrasonic atomization mechanism. all that will be beneficial to the design about ultrasonic atomization atomizer
超聲波由於其空化機理及對液體的流變性影響等特性，在燃油霧化燃燒中逐步引起人們的重視，尤其在重渣油等高粘度液體的霧化過程中逐步顯示出其優越性，但其具體的霧化機理還需要做進一步的研究在氣泡霧化噴嘴基礎加入懸臂式簧片哨，將超聲波與氣泡霧化相結合是本文討論的主要內容本文從研究超聲波的一些機理入手，討論了超聲動力發生器氣泡霧化以及液體粘度對霧化質量的影響，並通過具體的實驗，根據實驗數據來討論霧化質量隨各種結構參數運行參數的變化規律，以便找到超聲霧化的一些規律，豐富對超聲霧化機理的研究，對超聲霧化噴嘴的設計具有一定的指導意義。Tooth crowding occurs if there is inadequate room for all permanent teeth to erupt or when the permanent premolars erupt and the growth of the jawbone stablizes
牙齒排列不整齊由於恆齒的體積比乳齒大，恆齒長出時可能不夠空位，引致牙齒排列參差不齊。With the aid of baffle movement, a technique named masking pretreatment and the method of vacuum deposition have been used to fabricate the ag - o - cs photoemissive thin films with internal field - assisted structure for the first time. the internal field - assisted photoemission characteristics of ag - o - cs thin films show that the photoelectric sensitivity is increased when the internal electric field is applied to the thin films, which indicates that the electric field has been effectively provided to the thin films by the above - mentioned internal field - assisted structure. such an enhanced photoemission is attributed to the variations in energy - band structure of ag - o - cs thin films, and which are considered to induce the lower - energy electrons to participate in the photoemission
通過掩膜預處理和擋板轉移技術的配合，利用真空沉積方法首次制備了內場助結構ag - o - cs光電發射薄膜。 ag - o - cs薄膜內場助光電發射特性測試結果表明，該方法能夠有效地實現ag - o - cs薄膜體內電場的加載與表面電極的引出，薄膜光電靈敏度隨內場偏壓的增大而上升。 ag - o - cs薄膜在內場作用下的光電發射增強現象與薄膜體內能帶結構變化低能電子參與光電發射等物理機制有關。Elementary school is an important place where children develop their own behavior and experience social life. it is the beginning of a man ' s social life where man begin to learn the elementary ability in order to join the social life and this period of time has impacted his whole life. with the development in the area of society, economic, sience, technology and the tendency that the education system goes to the direction of " quality education ", the elementary school education has attached importence to children development in aspect of interests, play, intellectiiality, personality etc. based on the interaction relationship between children behavioral development and campus physical space, campus physical space should be able to fulfill the needs for children activities and further more to create the inspiration for their potential development in behavior. for this reason, we should try to plan campus physical mechanism with consideration in children behavioral development and pursuing quality education, make a good pl an of the school environment for chlildren ' s playgame
小學是兒童身心成長及社會生活體驗的重要場所，是一個人走入社會的開始，一個人從小學開始學到了參與人類社會活動的基本能力並影響到其以後的發展。隨著我國社會經濟、科學技術的迅速發展和教育體制向「素質教育」的轉軌，小學教育更加註重兒童興趣、游戲、認知、人格的全面發展。根據兒童行為發展和校園空間的互動關系，校園空間必須滿足兒童活動的需要，並對他們的行為產生潛在的引導力量。Abstract : in this paper, the environment of charged particle from cosmic ray which can induce the hard and soft error on micro - electronics was discussed. employing widely used model and our latest work, we calculated the distribution of cosmic ray in low earth orbit and discussed the model and its application
文摘:本文主要討論了在近地空間能夠引發微電子系統故障的宇宙線帶電粒子環境問題，參照國外轅為成熟的模式和我們最新的工作，對近地軌道的宇宙線強度進行了計算，並就模式的應用和存在的問題進行了討論。Reveals the objective necessity of the sole existence of absolute reference system 0 : the effect of clock losing and ruler contracting of any material system in motion with respect to 0 is the objective real physical change ( the real effect ) of this material system in motion, and the physical time and space ( the effect of motion ) is the unity of opposites between the external form of relativity correctly described by the special theory of relativity and the absolute internal essence with the objective sole existence of 0 as the basic marking, points out the errors of the general theory of relativity from the results above and the basic facts of gravitational field, and expounds the gravitational field is a real - time hollow field of motion in essence, and the physical time and space is the unity of opposites between mutually perpendicular images of void and real time and space of 4 dimensions each, understanding the absolute essence of the lorenz effect or not is the demarcation line between new and old views of time and space, and sets forth the theoretical gist of the time and space views of unity of opposites and the internal unity among the macroscopic level and straight time and space, the bent time and space in gravitational field, and the superimposed time and space in guantum state
揭示了絕對參照系0唯一存在的客觀必然性：任何物系相對於0的「運動鐘慢、尺縮效應」 ，都是該運動物系客觀上具有蹬真正的物理變化（ 「真實效應」 ） ；進而揭示了物理時空（運動效應）是具有狹義相對論所正確描述了的相對性外部形式和以0客觀上唯一存在為基本標志的絕對性內在本質的對立統一運用上述結果和引力場的基本事實，論證了廣義相對論的錯誤；闡明了引力場本質上是一種實時虛空運動場；揭示了物理時空是互為正交映象的虛實各四維時空的對立統一闡明了對洛侖茲效應絕對性本質的認識與否，是新舊時空觀的分水嶺；闡明了對立統一時空觀的理論梗要和宏觀平直時空、引力場彎曲時空與量子態卷迭時空之間的內在統一性As the increasing of concentration, the host and guest interconverted, and the more the charge been transferred, the more the total energy decreased. finally, we deduce that the doping of rubrene in pvk just acting as traps in electroluminescent devices, and its trapping electrons arrested many cavities in pvk. and so, more pvk who did n ' t transport energy was concerned with trop and it makes less pvk was concerned with energy transfer in photoluminescent devices than in electroluminescent devices
基於光致發光和電致發光中pvk與rubrene發光強度的不同，我們對低摻雜時的電致發光和光致發光進行了比較，並提出：在電致發光中， rubrene的摻入在pvk鏈間相當于陷阱，其陷阱電子對pvk空穴的吸引，使一部分在光致發光中不參與能量傳遞的pvk參與了這種陷阱作用，使得在電致發光中不參與能量傳遞的pvk可能比光致發光中少。The naval ship, as a three - dimensional object, its complicated tossing movements are the whirligig movements circling space axis. among them, the heave oscillation of the deck is an important guidance parameter for the uav ’ s landing in the process of landing
艦艇作為三維空間物體，其顛簸運動是一個復雜的繞空間軸的旋轉運動，其中艦船甲板的升沉高度是艦載無人機著艦導引系統的一個重要參數。The third part and the fourth part are the key parts of this article. the third part explains several key points which should be taken notice of under the instruction of constructivism in the design of teaching : effective teaching should stimulate student " initiative in learning and should keep interaction with students between teachers and students or students themselves ; effective teaching should provide students with learning materials and the safeguard of time and space and should aim to make students understand their knowledge completely, and should pay attention to learners " and other ' s recollection ; it should let students gain active experience and emotion as to this subject
第三部分和第四部分是本文的重點，第三部分闡述了建構主義觀指導下的課堂教學設計應該注意的幾個方面：有效的教學應引導學生積極、主動地參與學習；有效的教學應使教師與學生、學生與學生之間保持有效互動的過程；有效的教學應為學生的主動建構提供學習材料、時間以及空間上的保障；有效的教學旨在使學習者形成對知識真正的理解；有效的教學必須關注學習者對自己以及他人學習的反思；有效的教學應使學生獲得對該學科學習的積極體驗與情感。Precise maneuverability of the mini unmanned helicopter makes them useful for many critical tasks ranging from rescue and security to inspection and aerial mapping. therefore, the mini unmanned helicopter systems have recently attracted considerable attention. for instance, more and more universities and institutes enter the international aerial robotics competition to show their new advanced uav systems annually
微型無人自主直升機在偵察和巡邏、建築物勘察、航空地圖繪制、危險環境下的清障等軍事和民用特殊領域顯示出了巨大的應用潛力，國外對微型無人自主直升機展開了廣泛而深入的研究，每年一次的國際空中機器人比賽吸引了眾多的參加者。In this thesis hydraulic experimental studies and theoretical analyses on the vortex - flow drop shaft were conduced and the following results were accomplished : ( 1 ) in the model test some hydraulic characteristics including the shape of air core in the center of the drop shaft, the radial distribution of water flow velocity and the distribution of pressure on the wall of the drop shaft were measured under the condition of high water head above 250m and large discharge above 1400m3 / s. ( 2 ) a kind of computational method for the spiral water flow in the air core region of drop shaft was discussed and applied and the results agree the experimental data well. ( 3 ) the total ratio of energy dissipation in the drop shaft can reach 90 % and the energy dissipation in every region was discussed quantitatively
本文通過試驗研究與理論分析對旋流式豎井泄洪洞應用於高水頭、大泄流量情況時存在的一些水力學問題進行了研究和探討，取得以下主要成果：一、結合小灣工程導流洞改建，對高水頭（ 252m ） 、大泄流量（ 1400m ~ 3 s ）條件下旋流式豎井中的水流運動特徵進行了比較全面的測量，包括空腔形態、徑向流速分佈及井壁壓強等；二、提出了豎井空腔段螺旋水流水力計算方法，其計算結果與實測值吻合良好；三、利用試驗與計算結果，對旋流式豎井的消能機理進行了探討，對豎井各部分的消能能力有了總體認識；四、對豎井下部消力井的合理井深進行了優化試驗研究，發現消力井合理深度為0 . 9d左右；五、通過試驗研究，歸納出豎井水流總摻氣量估算方法，為導流洞排氣方案的設計提供了參考依據；六、在高水頭、大流量條件下，豎井空腔段下部流速很高，盡管水流螺旋運動引起的離心力可以確保井壁壓強保持正壓，但空化數依然較低，因此豎井的空化空蝕始終是工程界關注的重大問題。It is provided so application code can differentiate between exceptions caused by null arguments and exceptions caused by arguments that are not null
提供它是為了使應用程序代碼能夠區分由空參數引發的異常和由非空參數引發的異常。For errors caused by null arguments, see
有關空參數引起的錯誤，請參見The following code example shows a property that throws an exception if the caller passes a null argument
下面的代碼示例演示一個屬性，該屬性在調用方傳遞一個空參數時引發異常。Do throw system. argumentnullexception if a null argument is passed but the member does not support null nothing in visual basic arguments
如果傳遞了一個空參數而成員不支持空（在visual basic中為nothing ）參數，則應引發system . argumentnullexception 。It is provided so that application code can differentiate between exceptions caused by invalid arguments that are not a null reference nothing in visual basic, and exceptions caused by null arguments
提供該類的目的是：應用程序代碼可以區分由不為空引用（在visual basic中為nothing ）的無效參數引起的異常以及空參數引起的異常。For errors caused by arguments that are not null, see
有關由非空參數引起的錯誤，請參見分享友人