立體有擇反應 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [lìtǐyǒuzháifǎnyīng]
立體有擇反應 英文
stereospecific reaction
  • 立 : 動1 （站） stand; remain in an erect position 2 （使豎立; 使物件的上端向上） erect; stand; set up...
  • 體 : 體構詞成分。
  • 有 : 有副詞[書面語] （表示整數之外再加零數）: 30 有 5 thirty-five; 10 有 5年 fifteen years
  • 擇 : 擇動詞（挑選） select; pick; choose
  • 反 : Ⅰ名詞1 （方向相背） reverse side 2 （造反） rebellion 3 （指反革命、反動派） counterrevolutionari...
  • 應 : 應動詞1 （回答） answer; respond to; echo 2 （滿足要求） comply with; grant 3 （順應; 適應） suit...
  • 立體 : 1 （三維的） three dimensional; stereoscopic2 [數學] （幾何體） solid; body立體彩色電視 three dim...
  1. Abstract : a novel enzymatic reaction ? ammonolysis was introduced in thenineties. this reaction not only provides a synthetically useful and mild alternative method for the synthesis of amides, but also can be used for the kinetic resolution of chiral alcohols or chiral carboxylic acids. in addition to enantioselective hydrolysis, esterification and transesterification, ammonolysis also shows high enantioselectivity in the resolution of racemates

    文摘:酶促氨解反應是20世紀90年代中期發現的一種新型反應，在脂肪酸酰胺的合成、手性藥物（手性酸及手性醇等）的拆分中顯示出巨大的應用潛力，是除立體選擇性水解、酯化、轉酯反應之外的另一具有較大開發應用前景的酶促新型反應。
  2. In this paper, integral - software is seen as an idea, an unity in opposition of changing and unchanging ness. integral - software on the basis of deep rethinking of instructional courseware in our education field, succeeds critically our ancestry ' s philosophy of " facing various changing with unchanging ness ", puts forward on idea with chinese characters of new generation of mcai that is succession and development of instruction software ; development of technology makes it possible that biology teachers make instruction software with fle xible and individual characters. actively constructing biology instruction integral - software is a systemic project with design and choice of biology source material as core and key

    本文認為積件是一種思想，是變與不變的辯證統一；積件是我國教育界在對教學課件深刻反思的基礎上，批判地繼承了我國先賢「以不變應萬變」的哲學思想，提出的具有鮮明特色的新一代mcai教學軟體建設思路，是對教學課件的繼承和發展；技術的發展為生物學教師製作靈活的、個性化的教學軟體提供了可能，積極建設生物學教學積件系統，為生物學教師提供豐富的素材有著深遠的意義，生物學教學積件建設是一個系統工程，其核心和關?是生物學教學素材的設計與選擇，應該從實用性和規范性兩個方面綜合考慮，盡快建立全國性的標準規范。
  3. It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

    論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。
  4. This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory

    本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。
  5. By researching, the major innovations of this paper are : ( 1 ) analysises the assets and liabilities table and the loss and gain table of life insurance companies in china from 1998 to 2001 in detail, comprehensively reflects the structure of assets and liabilites in the life insurance companies even in the whole life insurance industry of our country during the recent years ; ( 2 ) on the aspect of assets management, our country should reduce the proportion of monetory assets, improve the proportion of investment assets and establish the scientific investment management system, and suitably lower the proporty of the fixed assets on the premise of guaranteeing the operation ; ( 3 ) on the aspect of management of matching assets and liabilities, the life insurance company of our country should reduce the sales of the policies of prearranged high insuranc rate, develop the new type of life insurance products and match each policy with prearranged high interest rate with high interest rate investment correspondingly ; ( 4 ) as refering to the index system of assets and liabilities management of the commercial banks in our country, it has explored that of the life insura

    第三部分從壽險公司的資產管理、負債管理、資產負債匹配管理及資產負債匹配管理評價指標四個方面進行了分析和研究。本文的主要創新之處是： （ 1 ）將自1998年至2001年國內所有壽險公司的資產負債表和損益表進行了詳細的分析，比較全面地反映了我國近年來各壽險公司及整個壽險業資產負債的結構狀況； （ 2 ）在資產管理方面，我國應適當降低貨幣類資產的比例、提高投資類資產的比例並建立科學的投資管理體系、保證經營的前提下適當降低固定資產的比例、盡量減少佔用類資產的比例等； （ 3 ）在資產負債匹配管理方面，我國壽險公司應盡量減少高預定利率保單的銷售、發展新型壽險產品，每銷售一批較高預定利率的保單就應選擇相應高利率的投資與之對應匹配； （ 4 ）借鑒我國商業銀行資產負債管理的指標體系，探討了壽險公司資產負債匹配管理的指標體系。
  6. The capital structure of chinese listed companies is consanguineous to macro economy system. this chapter analyzes institutional background of capital structures of chinese listed companies so as to provide realistic background for the choice of capital structures of chinese listed companies and theoretical foundation. it is helpful to understand the underling institutional factors of determinants of capital structure. as an independent economic body, the listed company makes behavior decisons which

    我國上市公司之所以出現如此的融資結構，是與我國宏觀經濟制度有密切聯系的。本文對中國上市公司融資結構制度背景進行了分析，以便為解釋公司融資結構的選擇提供現實背景和理論依據。上市公司作為一獨立的經濟主體，其行為是對環境約束的反應。
  7. Some successful anti - monopoly legislation experiences of the western and east - european countries also are introduced, and drawing on them selectively, this article continues to discuss several problems deeply, which caused hot debate and much controversy

    並對反壟斷法應實現的經濟目的進行了闡述。根據我國具體情況，有針對性、有選擇地借鑒了西方及東歐國家的反壟斷立法的成功經驗。
  8. The development of exceptionally efficient, stereoselective, and chemoselective reactions that can be applied to a wide range of substrates play key roles

    在此過程中，發展具有立體選擇性和區域選擇性，能夠廣泛應用於多種底物的有機化學反應起著關鍵作用。
  9. The l - n - carbamoylase of arthrobacter bt801, coded by the hyuc gene, is the rate - limiting and the only stereoselective enzyme. hydantoin hydrolase gene ( hyuh ) and n - carbamoylase gene ( hyu c ) were amplified from the plasmid of puc18 - 169 by pcr and, at the same time, activity expression was obtained in e. coli and pichia pastor is gs115 respectively

    節桿菌bt801的乙內酰脲水解酶催化乙內酰脲類化合物水解開環， n -氨甲酰基氨基酸水解酶是該菌乙內酰脲酶系中惟一具有立體選擇性的酶，也是整個反應體系的限速酶。
  10. Through analyzing capital asserts etc, establish the model. the model can reflect the actuality, predict the future condition very well and provide reference for the government and investor. the purpose of the thesis is to establish a new index that can impersonally and across - the - board reflect the present condition and predict the future truly

    本文的目的就是提出一個能夠較客觀、全面地反映投資的現狀和準確預測未來走勢的投資景氣指數，通過指標的選擇、對指標的季節處理等有關的分析，建立相應的景氣指標體系，同時對各種預測模型進行檢驗，找到最能符合實際情況的預測模型。
  11. " some members considered that given the pace of change of the modern world and the trend of globalization, we might not need to make specific choices for the next 20 or 30 years. instead, we should have some rolling plans and built - in mechanism in our system to allow flexibility so that we could always be prepared to adapt to the fast - changing needs of the society

    部分委員認為，由於現今世界瞬息萬變，以及全球一體化的趨勢，我們或許不需要為往後二、三十年做一些具體的選擇，反而，我們要有一些延展的計畫以及建立一些機制，使我們的系統更為靈活，為適應急劇轉變的社會需求，隨時作好準備。
  12. Having served as the director of the institute of chemistry, academia sinica for nine years 1987 - 1996 and the president of the chemical society in taipei for two years 1993 - 1994, dr. chou put in great efforts to promote the international activities of the chemistry community in taiwan

    年起探討超音波震碎鉀對?類化合物中碳-硫鍵斷裂反應研究，發現了極有趣的化學選擇性，方位選擇性及立體選擇性，亦對超音波震碎鋰在有機膦化學上的用途有些研究報告。曾於
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