等價性說明 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [děngjiàxìngshuōmíng]
等價性說明 英文
equivalence declaration
  • 等 : Ⅰ量詞1 （等級） class; grade; rank 2 （種; 類） kind; sort; type Ⅱ形容詞（程度或數量上相同） equa...
  • 價 : 名詞1. （價格） price 2. （價值） value 3. [化學] （化合價） valence
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 說 : 說動詞（說服別人聽從自己的意見） try to persuade
  • 明 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （明亮） bright; brilliant; light 2 （明白;清楚） clear; distinct 3 （公開;顯露在外;不隱...
  • 等價 : of equal value; equal in value; equivalence
  • 說明 : 1 （解釋明白） explain; illustrate; show 2 （解釋意義的話） illustration; instruction; explicatio...
  1. The performances indexes and curves of the model si 1126 diesel engine are obtained by simulation calculation ; the main curves for the affection of calibrate parameters on the performance of model si 1126 diesel engine are also obtained by simulation tests o the results and test data are analyzed o the major contents are as follows : a ) study on the demands of software and hardware environment of ktva on pc. kiva is originally designed for cray computer and workstation, but on pc it needs to be tested o b ) ktva code such as variables scopes of values and so on, needs revising to meet the needs of pc

    應用該軟體，對縮短內燃機的設計周期、優化性能研究、環保和節能等方面都具有極高的應用價值。目前，國內同行業對kiva的運用尚處于起步階段，原因是國內所見到的kiva程序集不完整，且沒有漢化、沒有使用界面和使用說明書，軟體的運行環境要求特殊，而且復雜。本文作者通過對kiva的研究，揭示了該程序集的使用方法，恢復、完善並新增加了該程序集的功能；經過二次開發，建成了完整的內燃機模擬技術平臺。
  2. Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources

    基於以上考慮，論文主要從以下幾方面對地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討：全面回顧了「可持續發展」概念的由來與演變，對國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評，並對「可持續發展」概念的科學內涵進行了深入探討；對涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的概念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述，對目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀點和混亂認識提出了自己的見解；全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義，並與傳統的地下水資源計算評價方法進行了對比分析，結合實例具體說明了方法的應用；深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工作的極端重要性和復雜性，對傳統的地下水資源動態預測方法進行了全面的評述，指出了各類預測預報方法的特點及適用條件，對最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方法及其應用范圍，以及號稱第五代計算機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹，並應用於地下水動態過程線的分析，採用時間序列中的b ? j法，蒙特卡羅方法，與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合，探討了地下水動態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路；綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特點及缺陷，將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調度，使模型更準確、更實用；對保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析，內部河海人學博卜學位論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀，科學的資源計算與評價方法，可靠的資源預測預報技術，可操作的資源管理措施，外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策法規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高度審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。
  3. This paper develops a deterministic inventory model for perishable items with a mixture of back orders and lost sales under inflation and time discounting, where the backlogged demand rate is dependent on the negative inventory level during the stock out period. the main differences from the existing related models are that the present model takes the maximum present value of profit in a repeatable order cycle as the objective function and proposes a more practical constraint of maximum customer - waiting time to ensure a proper customer service level. then the existence and the uniqueness of the solution to relevant systems are examined and a solution algorithm is shown to find the optimal replenishment policy. at last, some numerical examples are presented to illustrate the applicatioh of the model

    本文建立了一種考慮通貨膨脹與時間價值的變質性物品的庫存模型，在模型中允許短缺發生且拖后的需求速率與在缺貨期間已經發生的缺貨量有關.和已有相關模型的主要區別在於本模型把一個可重復的訂貨周期內的最大平均利潤的凈現值作為目標函數，且增加了在缺貨期間最長顧客等待時間的限制，以確保庫存系統擁有較高的服務水平.然後討論了模型最優解的存在性與唯一性，並提供了尋求模型整體最優解的演算法.最後用實例說明了此模型在實際中的應用
  4. Therefore, the writer of this paper plans to discuss the theory and method of integrated evaluation for projects combining an actual investment project. combining the functional vegetable oil investment project, this paper will evaluate the market, technology, operation and management ability, economy profits and social profits, etc. with the vague evaluation method, delphi technique, as well as a mixed qualitative and quantitive analysis, and then organically combine the various aspects of investment project evaluation, finally establish the integrated evaluation model, in order to obtain the conclusion of integrated evaluation

    論文首先對項目綜合評價的理論進行闡述，說明綜合評價的原則、程序、內容和建立指標體系的方法;其次，結合功能性植物油投資項目，採用模糊評價法、德爾菲法、定性和定量相結合等方法，對該投資項目的市場、技術、經營管理能力、經濟效益和社會效益等方面進行評價;最後，將投資項目評價的各個方面進行有機結合，建立綜合評價模型，得出功能性植物油投資項目可行的綜合評價結論。
  5. The content of this paper is arranged as foll owing : chapter 1 introduces the concept of credit, credit risk and credit assessment, as well as the history and development of credit assessment ; chapter 2 introduces the history of ai technology, and the background of expert system and neural network. characters and disadvantages of expert system and neural network are presented respectively and the necessity of combining expert system and neural network is lightened ; chapter 3 shows the process of dealing with sample data, including the treatment of exceptional data and factor analysis, and puts forward the concrete framework of the mixed - expert credit assessment system ; chapter 4 introduces concept of object - oriented technology, and constructs object model and functional model after analyzing the whole system. it also illustrates the implementation of concrete classes by an example of rule class and the inference algorithm in the form of pseudocode ; chapter 5 introduces the structure of the whole system, the major functional models and their interfaces, and the characteristic of the system is also generalized ; chapter 6 summarizes the whole work, and points out the remaining deficiencies as well as the prospective of this method

    本文具體內容安排如下：第一章介紹了信用、信用風險、信用評價的概念，回顧了信用評價的歷史、發展和現狀，並綜合各種信用評價模型，指出這些模型各自的優缺點：第二章簡單描述了人工智慧技術，著重介紹有關專家系統與神經網路的基礎知識，通過總結它們的優缺點，指出結合專家系統與神經網路構造混合型專家系統的必要性；本章還介紹了神經網路子模塊的概念，提出了混合型專家系統的一般框架與設計步驟：第三章對樣本數據進行處理，包括異常數據的剔除、因子分析等，提出了信用評價混合型專家系統的具體框架結構，介紹了系統知識庫的主要部分、基於優先級的正向推理機制的流程、以及基於事實的自動解釋機制的具體實現方法；第四章介紹了面向對象技術，進而採用面向對象對信用評價系統進行分析，建立了對象模型和功能模型，並在此基礎上，採用c + +語言以規則類為例說明系統中具體類的實現，用偽代碼的形式描述了推理的演算法；第五章描述了整個系統的結構，對系統主要功能模塊和界面進行了介紹，並總結系統的特點；第六章總結了全文，指出本文所構造系統存在的不足以及對將來的展望。
  6. In the author ’ s opinion, “ fiction ” theory means mainly that dislike person, artificial person has no theory basis on philosophy. we should accept artificial person as a real subject since it has been distinguished from its members to a great extent

    擬制理論真正想說明的問題，其實是法人這種法律上的人在哲學說明意義上不能和個人等量齊觀，不具有根本性價值，反映到私法上，即法人的權利能力並非理所當然。
  7. Moreover, this paper discusses the feasibility of option pricing theory by adopting cases. on the one hand, it admits this method plays a key role in the realization of " debt - in - lieu - of - equity " of state - owned enterprises and appraising the value of potential earning - capacity ; on the other hand, it illustrates the application of option pricing theory in appraisal is still immature. for it can not meet the prerequisite of the theory ; its result will not be generally accepted and the quality of appraisal staff are relatively lower, this method is not applicable to business valuation aiming at equity alteration. thus it should not be regarded as a brand - new appraisal method to be promot ed in the short run. in the finial the thesis forms its conclusion on method application of superseding cost method gradually. generalizing the use of income method and developing the sense of using option pricing method

    由於成本法所固有的局限性，無法評估出資產組配成具有獲利能力的整體資產的創造性價值，因此注重企業獲利能力的收益法已成為轉軌時期中國評估業的現實選擇，並進一步對收益法的起源、方法特點和適用性進行了深入的分析；運用理性分析與案例分析相結合的方法對收益法發展的新階段? ?期權定價法應用於企業價值評估的可行性進行了研究，肯定了這一方法對國企實現「債轉股」和評估高新技術企業潛在獲利能力價值的重大意義，同時對此方法應用於企業價值評估不滿足前提條件、評估結果的可接受性、及評估人員素質等方面說明了這一方法在資產評估領域的應用尚不成熟，尤其不適用於產權變動為目的的企業價值評估，因而短期內不宜作為一種全新的評估方法推廣。
  8. In addition, he translated the cream of cultural relics in shaoxing ( volumes 1 and 2, chinese - english translation ) for the cultural relics bureau of shaoxing city, installation manual for continual casting line of hangzhou steel mill for the no. 13 national metallurgy construction engineering company ( chinese - english translation ), technical documents for the bearing company of wanxiang group ( chinese - english translation ), technical documents for the hangzhou nardi machinery co., ltd. ( english - chinese translation ), technical documents for the taizhou fengrun biochemical co., ltd., profiles of auto parts firms for the jindian ( golden idea ) advertising company of yuhuan county, fsr of wastewater treatment project for the shanghai municipal engineering design general institute, fsr of cultural heritage conservation project for huahui design institute of shaoxing, ea report of cultural heritage conservation project for zhejiang environmental science research and design institute, website homepage and patent documentation of the zhejiang galaxy flood materials company, theses of ciob ( chartered institute of building ) training courses held in shanghai, abstracts of master degree theses for graduates of zhejiang university, solicited articles on rediscovering zhejiang ( english - chinese translation ), wuyi painting album used at the world poverty reduction conference jointly held by the world bank and the central government of china in shanghai, painting album of the new century tourism group, menus for hangzhou dahua hotel, etc

    此外，還為紹興市文物局翻譯了紹興文物精華上下冊（漢譯英，正式出版物） ，為中國十三冶翻譯了杭州鋼鐵廠連鑄生產線安裝說明書（英譯漢） 、為杭州萬向集團軸承公司翻譯了技術文件（英譯漢） ，為杭州納狄機械有限公司翻譯技術文件（英譯漢） ，為臺州豐潤生物化學有限公司翻譯技術文件，為玉環金點廣告公司翻譯了多家汽車配件公司（廠）簡介，為上海市政工程設計研究總院翻譯了某污水處理廠項目工程可行性報告（漢譯英） 、為紹興華匯設計院翻譯了工可報告、為浙江省環保科學設計研究院翻譯了文化遺產保護項目的環境評價報告，為浙江銀河防汛物資公司翻譯了網站主頁和專利產品文獻，為上海的ciob （英國皇家特許建造學會）研討班翻譯多篇結業論文（漢譯英） ，為浙大研究生翻譯多篇論文摘要（英譯漢） ，為浙江外事辦公室翻譯中國加入世貿組織與政府職能轉變（英譯漢） ，為浙江省對外友好協會和錢江晚報的外國友人看浙江的徵文多篇（英譯漢） ，為武義縣翻譯了減貧經驗交流材料武義畫冊（用於在上海召開的世界扶貧大會） （漢譯英） ，為開元旅業集團翻譯了介紹畫冊（漢譯英） ，為杭州大華飯店翻譯了菜單（漢譯英） ，等等。
  9. We are supplier of second hand cranes & forklifts, with our professional knownledge and years experience we have a clear understanding of the machine ' s characteristics & uses, we can provide our clients with a thorough introduction. not only we can help them to choose the most efficient machinery equipment for their engineering project, and also provide the reasonable & economical prices. if you have any special interests or needs, please contact us as soon as possible

    我們是重機械如:挖土機，鏟土機，堆高機及吊車等的中古買賣，憑著我們的專業知識及多年的經驗，我們能清楚的?解機械的性質及功能，幫顧客作詳實的說明及介紹，讓顧客選擇到對工程作業最有用途的機械設備，並且我們還可以提供最優惠，經濟的價格，如果您有興趣或需要，請盡速與我們連絡。
  10. This paper discusses every kind of risk in laws, management system, personnel, market structure, infrastructure, emergency system, safety management, combines the active safety evaluation methods with risk conception, and brings a method of multi - stage fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and gives detailed numerical examples. the systematic way of risk control to is put forward in safety evaluation dynamic management system, law system, management system, economic method, personnel, scientific method, revolution relationship and grid construct, and according to inland and outland status, a management system of " three standards together " is also presented to give consult in the safety management of the grid enterprises in our country

    從法律法規、管理機制與人員素質、市場結構、基礎設施、應急機制等多個方面系統論述了電網企業在安全管理中所面臨的各種風險；基於當前電力企業中所採用的安全性評價方法，將現有方法與風險理念相結合，提出了安全評價的多級模糊綜合評價方法，通過算例進行了的說明；針對風險識別中得出的電網企業所面臨的多種風險，分別從安全性評價動態管理體系、法律體系、管理體系、經濟手段、人員素質、科技手段、改革關系和電網建設等多個方面提出了系統的風險控制辦法，並結合國際、國內的現狀提出了「三標一體」的管理體系，以期對我國電網企業的安全管理工作提供一定的參考。
  11. The investment of commercial real estate development has real option characteristics, because the real option method can properly deal with uncertainty, irreversibility and flexibility. in this part, the author construct a framework for analyzing the real options of commercial real estate investment decision, and analyzes the real options of commercial real estate investment decision from confirming the problem solved, analyzing the uncertain source, distinguishing the key uncertain factor, discerning the type of real options, constructing the real options option model, calculating the value of the commercial real estate, checking the result of calculation and redesigning, finds that the commercial real estate development has postpone option, expansion option, shrink option, change option, give up option. it proves that the commercial real estate has management flexibility in the development item, and the flexibility give

    由於實物期權方法可以很好地解決不確定性、不可逆性和靈活性，因而商業地產投資決策具有實物期權特性，同時從確定要解決的問題、分析不確定性的來源、鑒別關鍵的不確定性因素、識別實物期權類型、構建期權定價模型、計算項目價值、檢查計算結果和重新設計八個方面，構建了商業地產投資決策的實物期權分析框架，得出商業地產開發項目中通常存在推遲期權、擴張期權、收縮期權、轉換期權、放棄期權等期權類型，說明商業地產開發項目中具有管理和經營柔性，而這種柔性賦予了商業地產開發項目實物期權的特性。
  12. This paper analyzes major problems in the practice of real estate appraisal from the perspective of theory and practice, explains the treatment of various property, including returns from intangible property, from capital and from chattel, discusses the problem of matching between the capitalization rate and net income. this paper also uses examples to define the content of various income from real estate and expenses to be deducted so that the outcome of the appraisal will be as veracious as possible. this paper provides its own view on the definition and treatment of various property such as intangible property and chattel property, concludes the contents of income from various real estates and expenses to be deducted, and applies and explains in real cases

    在這種形勢下，本文針對目前在房地產估價實務中存在的主要問題，在兼顧方法的理論可行性和實際可操作性的前提下，總結、分析說明了對各類收益性房地產非不動產收益，包括無形資產（無形因素或無形影響力）形成的收益、資本帶來的收益、動產帶來的收益等項收益的認定和處理方法，對資本化率與凈收益內容相匹配的問題進行了一定的探討，並通過實例明確了各類房地產收益和應扣減的費用的具體內容，使得估價的結果盡量地做到準確並且符合實際。
  13. The thesis summarizes the basic theories of price discrimination, expatiated on the multi - class differential pricing method and dynamic differential pricing theory ; concludes the factors that have impacts on tickets - price, analyses and classfies the factors ; brings forward a canonical method of market segmentation, introduces the process of market segmentation based on the model of gray relative level, discusses the idiographic measure of ticket - price control ; improves the academic achievements of former scholars, puts forward a model of multi - class dynamic differential pricing for the air passenger transport, which is based on the maximum revenue for the airline industry, and gives a approximate arithmetic of the model, then showes the application of the model and its feasibility on increasing airline industry ’ s revenue by 25 models

    在對民航定價的國內外研究現狀進行綜述的基礎上，從經濟學角度介紹差別定價的基本理論，闡述民航客運的多等級差別定價理論和動態差別定價理論;對民航票價的影響因素進行分類說明;作為多等級定價的基礎，提出市場細分的標準和方法，用灰色關聯度模型解決航空旅客市場細分問題，並提出票價控制的具體措施;引入一種旅客到達頻率預測的統計方法，以航空公司收益最大化為目標，建立基於多等級定價基礎上的動態差別定價模型，即多等級動態差別定價模型，給出模型的遞歸演算法，通過對動態差別定價模型的運行結果進行分析，建立模型的一種近似模型，並且用25個簡單算例說明模型的用法以及在提高航空公司收益方面的可行性。
  14. On the base of researching lots of information, the author particularly analyzes and compares the technique and economic index of steel residence and traditional structural system - rc structure to reflects the steel residence ' s good overall economic benefit by concrete datum from the material cost, effective service area and the construction ' s speed etc. discuss the optimum structural system of different scale of earthquake. the theory and example illustrate that when high steel residence has great horizontal load, the frame - prop structure is optimum

    在大量資料研究的基礎上，作者進行了一個六層住宅建築實例的技術性與經濟性分析比較，該建築分別採用鋼結構和傳統結構體系? ?鋼筋混凝土框架結構，通過具體數字，從結構主材造價、有效使用面積、施工速度等幾方面反映鋼結構住宅建築的綜合經濟效益好，討論了不同地震烈度下兩種結構的優化體系，理論、結構分析算例和此實例分析都說明了有較大水平荷載時，多、高層住宅鋼結構宜採用鋼框架? ?支撐結構體系。
  15. According to the trend, this paper introduces the technology of database and pc ' s serial port communication, which is adopted as the technology premise of wireless surveillance control system. and it illustrates the key technologies of how to realize the wireless surveillance control system. by making full use of its possible expansibility, flexibility and pervasive applicability, as well as the serial port communication technology, scada could help to transmit batch of data effectively, extend the ascii code serial port communication processing in the mscomm components and transmit the large - scale data stream

    針對這一趨勢，論文在介紹了作為無線監控軟體系統的技術前提的數據庫技術和微型計算機串列口通信技術的基礎上闡述了實現無線監控軟體系統的各項關鍵技術，對利用數據庫系統對數據結構間的關系的嚴格定義和約束實現系統的可擴展性、靈活性與普遍應用性、利用計算機串列口通信技術實現批量數據傳輸、實現了數據的有效傳遞、 mscomm控制項中擴展ascii碼的串口通信處理和大型數據流的傳輸等項技術作了詳盡地說明，並對已完成的系統作出了評價，提出可以進一步改進的意見。
  16. In accordance with the wide application of accounting computerization in enterprises, it puts forward concrete control methods for enterprises " electronic information systems is suggested and the internal control mode of the computerization system is established. the paper surveys and analyzes the present situation and difficult realign of enterprises " internal control, points out reasons of the weakening financial monitor in our country, and on this base advances measures to improve it. in this paper, taking the northwest machine plant as a sample to study, the emphasis is laid on contents of it in the view of theory and practice, and synthetically analyzes its science, practicality and operability of each method, we concretely designs the foundation and methods of the internal financial control, hence to explain the practicality and operability of internal financial control system, and also to provide large - middle scale enterprises a reference case of realizing the actualizing internal control for nation

    本文以企業作為控制主體，闡述了內部財務控制的理論基礎? ?內部控制理論以及其歷史發展進程，提出企業內部控制的五大要素，建立內部控制的基本原則、目標等基本理念；根據我國關于內部控制規范要求，較詳細的論述了企業內部控制的十種方法；針對會計電算化在企業的廣泛採用及存在的問題，為企業電算化系統的控制提出具體控制方法，並建立了電算化系統的內部控制模式；並且論文對企業內部控制的現狀、難點作了調查和分析，指出我國目前內部控制和財務監督弱化的原因，在此基礎上提出了改善的對策；在論文中以西北機器廠作為研究對象，重點對企業內部財務控制的內容從理論與實踐的角度作了全面闡述，對各種方法的科學性、實用性和可操作性做系統分析，並對該企業貨幣資金控制的實施及效果評價，說明企業內部控制體系的有效性和可行性，為我國大中型企業實施內部控制提供參考例證。
  17. From the viewpoint of system, such the basic theories of the modeling method as system dynamics, learning organization and system thinking are studied on the basis of the analysis of the status quo of management decision - making, as well as relevant model building blocks, modeling methods and modeling steps. taking advantage of modeling platform stella / ithink, some enterprise management decision - making modeling infrastructures are built based on anhui jianghuai automotive co., ltd., which include inventory controlling, manufacturing, pricing, shop controlling and etc. finally, based on the qualitative analysis of the strategy of mark down sale in auto industry the model of the pricing strategy in auto industry is developed, which is based on anhui jianghuai automotive co., ltd. the effects of the strategy of mark down sale are simulated and analyzed quantitatively

    論文在分析國內管理決策現狀的基礎上，從系統的概念出發，研究了系統動力學、學習型組織理論、系統思考等基本理論以及系統動力學方法的建模構件（ block ） 、建模原理、方法與步驟；藉助建模平臺stella ithink ，以安徽江淮汽車股份有限公司為原型，設計構建了庫存控制、製造、價格和車間控制等企業管理模型功能子模塊（ infrastructure ） ；在定性分析國內汽車行業降價銷售策略的基礎上，設計構建了以安徽江淮汽車股份有限公司為原型的國內汽車行業價格決策模型，該模型圍繞產品價格、交貨提前期、市場份額、利潤、生產能力等關鍵因素，對降價銷售策略帶來的市場運作、生產管理、銷售發貨及庫存控制等過程的變化情況進行了模擬模擬，並通過一定的數據結果定量地說明了降價銷售策略將給企業帶來的結果。
  18. Secondly, the article also defines product brand, price and market position. in option to the specific development strategies, according to swot match matrix principle and combined with current superiority / inferiority and opportunity / threaten existing in outer environment, this chapter puts forward and specifies the necessary concrete sub - strategies which enterprise must proceed, including in time followed product development strategy, competitive cost of market competition strategy, small batch and multi - variety production strategy, and the suitable sales strategy conformed to the distinguished market position theory. at last, this chapter uses a large length to provide a detailed introduction of specific measure when the company implements various development strategies

    同時也明確了與企業具體發展戰略緊密相關的品牌、產品、價格、市場等定位問題；在具體發展戰略選擇時，本章根據swot匹配矩陣原理，並結合企業目前的優劣勢和外部環境所存在的機會和威脅，提出並具體說明企業必須採取無錫華順食品公司發展戰略初探的各項具體分戰略，包括及時跟進的產品開發戰略、成本領先的市場競爭戰略、小批量多品種的生產戰略以及與差別市場定位理論相對應的適應性營銷戰略；最後本文還以大量篇幅詳細介紹了企業實施各種發展戰略時的具體措施。
  19. On an analysis of the characteristics of city commerce, the author points out that modern urban business attracts people not only by its shopping convenience but also by many other appeals, especially where business bears on it recreational values, at present. moreover, business has actually become an indispensable chain and provided intrinsic drive for urban tourism. to support this point of view, the author points out three features of urban tourism : first, tourism has become one of cities " basic functions ; second, urban travel is a popular form of travel among people ; third, urban tourism holds in store substantial potentials

    文章首先通過對城市商業發展特徵的分析，指出現代城市商業對人們的吸引力已經由單純的購物吸引力向多元化吸引力轉變，尤其是商業具備了一定的游覽、休閑價值；城市旅遊的發展特徵主要表現為旅遊功能成為城市的基本功能、城市旅遊成為一種大眾旅遊消費形式、城市旅遊購物蘊藏巨大潛力等三個方面，說明商業已經成為城市旅遊發展的必不可少的環節和內在驅動力之一；文章在第一部分還分析了城市商業和旅遊業的關聯性，說明城市商業和旅遊業是兩個互相驅動關聯度很高的產業，兩者之間具備了聯動發展的背景與基礎。
  20. In many articles and works, the termination of the liaison between celestial and human beings has an indefinite source. at the beginning of the discourse it is introduced that the two sources of the termination which people often mentioned. they are the l punishments, of the book of zhou, of the book of history and chu yu of guo yu. the article also explicates the relationship between the two records and their value, saying that chu yu of guo yu was compiled later than the l punishments, of the book of zhou, of the book of history but their importance can not be judged only by the time when they were compiled. in fact the termination was mythologically recorded in the book of mountains and seas the famous pre - qin book. in the part, the writer introduces the time and the nature of the book of mountains and seas, thinking it passes on many messages of the primitive time with the images and reflection of true history and taking it as a new attempt to study the legal history by it

    正本清源，本文首先介紹人們最常引用的「絕地天通」的兩個出處： 《尚書?周書?呂刑》和《國語?楚語》 ，而且對這兩處記載的關系及其價值進行了分析，指出：雖然《國語?楚語》在時間上較《尚書?周書?呂刑》為后，但對資料的原始性的評價並不僅僅以其時間的先後為標準。事實上，在先秦典籍中， 《山海經》也以一種神話的語言記載了「絕地天通」 。在本部分，作者對《山海經》的性質、成書時間等作了說明，認為它用神話的方式保留並傳遞了相當多的原始時代的信息，它們帶有歷史的影子，在一定程度上反映著歷史的真實。
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