等效管 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [děngxiàoguǎn]
等效管
英文
dummy tube-
The calculation modes of the coefficient of shrinkage and creep of the bulgy core concrete in steel tube are discussed. based on a few reasonable hypotheses and the stress - strain relation of concrete acquired by the " adjusting valid modulus depending on load time " method, a compact formula is reasoned out, which is applied to calculate the equivalent elastic modulus of the bulgy core concrete considering the affection of shrinkage and creep. so, the analysis of the affection on cfst arch bridge by shrinkage and creep can be progressed by pole - girder fem, further more, the analysis precision is quite high
本文還對核心膨脹混凝土特殊的收縮、徐變系數計算模式展開了探討，在合理的假設前提下，採用「齡期調整的有效模量法」得到的混凝土的本構關系，推導出鋼管內核心混凝土在考慮徐變影響后的等效彈性模量計算公式，並以此為基礎採用桿系有限元方法來對鋼管混凝土拱橋進行較高精度的收縮徐變分析。The first part is introduction, presenting this paper ' s structure, research background and so on ; the second part introduces some issues relating closely to risk, the tangency point between indifference utility curve and efficient frontier is the optimal portfolio ; the third part explores risk evaluation, this part begins with some risk factors affecting security ' s price and return, then analyzes the methods evaluating degree of risk, finally, introduces a more popular method of risk evaluation - - var ; the forth part expounds risk management, this part studies some risk control strategies correspond to specific risk mentioned above ; the last part put forward some advice contrapose issues existed in risk management in china
第一部分為緒論，介紹本文的相關背景；第二部分是與風險相關的幾個問題，等效用曲線與有效邊界的切點是投資者選擇的最佳投資組合；第三部分是風險衡量，該部分首先分析了證券與股票所面臨的風險，然後對債券和股票分別介紹，最後介紹了目前比較流行的風險衡量方法? ? var方法；第四部分為企業風險管理，這里針對上文所述的風險提出相應的風險控制策略；第五部分針對目前我國風險管理中存在的問題提出了幾點建議。Strip - shape underground structures such as the tunnels and tubes for various uses can be treated as a beam on elastic foundation under earthquake condition ， although there exists soil - structure interaction ， the foundation soil vibration is dominant in other words ， analysis of earthquake response of the soil is essential to this end ， simplified models ， ( i. e equivalent mass system models based on some equivalence criteria ) are proposed ， instead of a general 3 - d continuum model in this study ， equivalence criteria are proposed and the simplified models are compared the single - mass - string model is proved to be valid and therefore applied to the analysis of earthquake response of the pearl river immersed tunnel
條裝地下結構如隧道、各種埋設管道等一般可看作彈性地基梁進行靜力及動力分析在地震條件下，結構與土相互作用，但土的振動成為主要因素為分析土的地震響應需把基土這一三維連續體作簡化處理，簡化成為等效多質點模型本文著重探討這種簡化模型的建立方法，推導等效方程，通過幾種簡化體系的分析比較，論證單質點串體系的合理性，並將其應用到廣州黃沙芳村珠江水下隧道工程的地震響應分析，為抗震設計提供依據This paper mainly studies the application of distributed control system ( dcs ) in rubber sulphuration, and design out a set of small - scale dcs that can collect the temperature in the steam pipeline in real time, calculate equivalent time of sulphuration with different temperatures and communicate with low - computer through rs - 485 network to control numbers of sulphuration machines to work
本文主要對集散控制系統（ dcs ）在橡膠硫化領域的應用進行了研究，設計出一套小型集散控制系統。該系統能實時採集硫化蒸汽管道內的溫度，計算出不同溫度下等效硫化時間，並通過rs - 485網路與下位機通信達到控制多臺硫化機工作的目的。The increase reflects the additional provision on district and community relations ; management of more major recreation, culture and amenities facilities ; and promoting effective building management to enhance the safety and standard of maintenance of private multi - storey buildings
開支增加，是由於在加強地區及社區關系管理更多大型康樂及文化設施，以及推廣有效管理大廈概念以提高私人多層大廈的安全和保養水平等方面的撥款增加。The three of them are tightly connected. in a long term, the viewpoints of public management field talk about government framework reform and system reform so much, but few of them talk about government management system and the function of it, local governments focus on weighing achievements of government management, ignoring weighing the result of achievements of government management. obviously, the core of achievements of government management ’ s problem is the factors which have effects on achievements of government management and the result caused by government manages society
長期以來，國內公共管理領域的著作和觀點中，談政府機構改革、政府體制改革等方面的很多，談政府管理制度及其運行分析方面的問題較少，談政府績效管理的制度、戰略和方法的較多，談政府定位及其職能的結構及其運行方面的問題較少，各地政府在探索提高政府管理績效的路徑上往往只關注政府公共管理行為的過程（政府績效管理衡量） ，忽視政府管理績效的結果衡量，在衡量體系的設計上突出經濟指標，實踐性與實際存在的問題嚴重脫節。( 4 ) through the hydraulic property experiment of micro - hole lateral pipes of simple sdi in air, it was found that the average pressure of 60 mitre length lateral pipes was at the position of per 40o / o ~ ~ ~ 50 % of the effectual pipe length from the fist micro - hole, major pressure - loss was occurred at the ahead part of half pipe. the pressure uniformity reduced with orifice aperture ? increasing, and the relationship between pressure uniformity and initial water pressure was poor. running under the initial water pressure of 1. 5 meter, the discharge uniformity reduced with orifice aperture ? increasing, and when the orifice aperture smaller than or equal 1. 0mm, irrigation uniformity could achieve above 0. 6
（ 3 ）通過對空氣介質中簡易地下滴灌的微孔毛管試驗研究發現： 60m管長的毛管平均壓力水頭的位置基本上在距第一孔口的有效管長40 - 45的地方；大部分水頭損失發生在毛管的前半部分；壓力均勻度隨孔徑的增大而減小，但與初始工作水頭關系不密切；在1 . 5m以下的工作壓力下運行，沿程出流均勻度隨孔徑的增大而降低，當孔徑不大於1 . 0mm時，灌水均勻度可以達到60以上；當孔徑大於等於1 . 2mm時，灌水均勻度低於50 。In the report of the sixteenth national congress, the purpose of our country administration system reform is to form an administrative system featuring standardized behaviors, coordinated operation, fairness and transparency, honesty and high efficiency. “ whether of not the government is efficient, it will restrict and influence the failure and success in reform and opening policy and all kinds of building causes, will restrict and influence the realization of the magnificent aim of socialism modernization. ” in
「政府…是否高效能，直接制約和影響著改革、開放和各項建設事業的成敗，直接制約和影響著社會主義現代化這一宏偉目標的實現。 」鑒于西方國家政府改革的成功經驗，實施績效管理對于改善政府形象、提升政府效能、促進十六大報告提出行政改革目標的實現以及為鞏固改革成果提供深層制度保障等方面具有十分重要的意義。The methods of modificatory lattice cross - section and equivalent circular cfst cross - section for calculating the maximum load of dumbbell cfst columns with eccentric loading were presented in this paper. the ultimate strength of 14 specimens were calculated by the two methods were close to experimental results. finally, the two methods were used to calculate the ultimate strength of arch bridge of zhengzhou yellow river highway
對現有鋼管混凝土啞鈴形構件極限承載力的計算方法進行了分析，在此基礎上，提出了計算鋼管混凝土啞鈴形構件的偏壓極限承載力的修正的格構式截面法和等效截面法，兩種演算法的計算結果與試驗值均吻合較好，最後用這兩種演算法計算了鄭州黃河公路二橋拱肋的極限承載力。This paper deals with seismic response of a tunnel - soil system immersed tunnel ， as an underground structure ， must be compatible with the deformation of the surrounding soil thus the simplified model for a tunnel - soil system is established through two steps at the first step ， an mdof system is developed for modeling the foundation soil to this end ， dynamic behavior of the foundation soil is analyzed a typical section of the foundation soil simplified as a single mass - spring system on the basis of some equivalent criteria those mass are linked longitudinally by elastic springs to form an mdof system at the second step ， the tunnel is treated as a beam on elastic foundation ; that is ， the tunnel is connected with the soil massed to form a tunnel - soil system this model has been applied to the seismic analysis of huangsha fangcun immersed tunnel across the pearl river in guangzhou design recommendation is proposed on the basis of this analysis
研究沉管隧道在地震條件下整體受力的分析方法分兩步建立計算模型第一步通過分析場地地基土切片的動力特性，根據等效原則將其化為等效單質點體系，然後在縱向用等效彈簧連接而成為多質點體系的地基土計算模型；第二步將隧道看作彈性地基梁與上述多質點體系通過等效彈簧連結而得到土隧道體系的計算模型本文結合廣州黃沙芳村珠江水下隧道工程實例建立了具體的計算模型並對多種不同的約束條件，進行了縱向與橫向地震響應時程分析，為該隧道的抗震設計提供依據For getting the runner characteristics more correctly, researching the representation of runner characteristics of the kaplan turbine in this paper, and using this method of modifying runner characteristics to calculate the transient of hydraulic power station. improving the calculating model of the axial thrust in the kaplan turbine ' s transient. base on the theory of screw propeller without any boundary, using the theory of screw propeller with pipe, and the formula to calculate the dynamic axial thrust during transient is developed
本文對轉槳機組在過渡過程中的槳葉劃水產生水推力的數學模型進行了改進，在原來使用無邊界螺旋槳進行等效的基礎上，使用了導管螺旋槳對轉槳機組中的槳葉劃水進行等效，並且比較詳細的分析了影響轉槳機組軸向水推力的各個因素，以及給出了動態計算軸向水推力的公式，通過計算表明，使用改進后的動態水推力計算模型得到的結果能較好的反應實測的動態軸向水推力。By successful solution of non - linear magnetic fields and revision of the program, we can reach following conclusions : in the computation of nonlinear magnetic fields, if iteration method is used, under - relaxation is necessary when amending the permeability distribution in soft magnetic materials ; and when < wp = 5 > calculating the equivalent current density in permanent magnets, under - relaxation is not a necessity ; when searching for permeability values by interpolation method on the demagnetization curve of soft magnetic materials, if a fixed saturation point is set, around this point an abrupt change of permeability values will be obtained ; this sudden change may cause a little problem in the smoothness of magnetic field distribution ; because the magnetic circuits of microwave tubes are too complicated, in the author ' s view, to describe the working state of a magnet system, the working points of magnets can not do it properly but average energy production of magnets will serve ; as to indicate the quality of a magnet system design for microwave tubes, the efficiency of magnetic energy utilization will be a very good criterion
由此得出結論，在非線性磁場計算中：採用迭代法的情況下，在各迭代循環之間進行磁導率修正時，一個欠鬆弛迭代過程是必需的；對永磁體中的等效電流修正時可以不作欠鬆弛迭代；在純鐵的磁化曲線上指定某一個固定的磁感應強度為磁飽和值，會使得插值求出的磁導率在該磁飽和值附近有一突變，這一突變對計算結果中磁場分佈變化的光滑性稍有影響。在微波管磁系統設計中，由於微波管磁路比較復雜，作者認為磁體的工作點並不能很好地反映磁體的工作狀態，而採用平均磁能積為衡量磁體工作狀態的標準更加符合微波管磁系統的實際情況；要表示磁系統設計好壞的程度，則用磁能利用的效率為標準更好。In this paper, they are set forth at first that the kinds of computer - simulation of electronic devices, the development and the requirements of mosfet ' s model and the way of gain the models " parameters, the dc models have been bui it in chapter 2 and the models of big signals have been deduced in chapter 3, they are different from the equivalent circuit models in the traditional software pspice that they come from the numer i ca i - s i mu i at i on wh i ch is based on the essence equat i on, so the precision of simulation is enhanced ? mosfet ' s small signal models of low frequency, intermediate frequency and high frequency have been built in chapter 4 and chapter 5, although the equivalent circuit models in pspice are used for reference to bui id them, they have their own characteristics which are analyzed at a i i kinds of situations, so that the simulation software for mosfet can be written according them and it i s a i so benef i c i a i for us to catch the gen i us character i st i cs of mosfet and to d esign all kinds of applicable devices the correctness of the models is simply proved in chapter 6
本文首先介紹了電子器件計算機模擬的分類、 mosfet的建模發展動態、對器件模型的要求以及模型參數的提取方法。在第二章中建立了mos晶體管在直流端電壓條件下的工作模型；第三章推導了mosfet的大信號模型，這兩類模型不同於傳統模擬軟體例如pspice中的等效電路模型，而是從模型方程出發，採用數值模擬的方法，提高了模擬的精度。第四章和第五章分別建立了mos晶體管低頻、中頻、高頻的小信號模型，雖然借鑒了pspice模擬軟體中用等效電路模型的方法，但是本文分別討論了準靜態和非準靜態時器件的本徵部分以及包含非本徵部分工作于低頻、中頻和高頻條件時的模型，可以根據這些模型編寫相應的模擬軟體，這樣在做器件的模擬分析與器件設計的時候，就可以利用模擬軟體逐步深入地分析器件在不同的條件下和器件的不同部分在工作時的各種小信號特性，有利於抓住器件工作的本質特性，設計出符合要求的各類通用和特殊器件。The relative legal system is also needed for a healthy power market. the marketization not only is loosening of government control, but also involves restructuring of the controlling system. the controlling methods should be legalized and scientific
電力市場化改革還需建立完善統一的電力市場，進一步健全相應的法律體系，規范政府對電力項目的決策程序：改電源項目「審批制」為「招標制」 ，對電網項目實行有效管制，將社會利益和公眾利益等目標逐步納入管制的范疇。To investigate the practical stability performance of this bridge, a model test is carried out. the test model actually simulates nan pu bridge based on similarity criterion. the model test reveals that the stability factors is more than 2. 0, so the stability and strength of this bridge have been verified to be met with
該模型試驗首創了「桿對桿」剛度等效法，應用於鋼管混凝土桁架拱橋的模型設計和製作中，其研究成果對南浦大橋實橋的施工以及竣工后的運行有重要的應用價值，並對今後鋼管混凝土桁式拱橋的試驗研究、設計、施工具有重要的指導意義。In order to study the practical stability performance of chunan nanpu bridge, a total bridge model test was carried through. the design method of " spar to spar " modeling method was firstly introduced in this test. the test results are significant for construction and management of chunan nanpu bridge ; excessively, the test results are significant for design and construction of large span cfst arch bridge also
該模型試驗首創了「桿對桿」剛度等效法，應用於鋼管混凝土桁架拱橋的模型設計和製作中，其研究成果對南浦大橋實橋的施工以及竣工后的運行有重要的應用價值，並對今後鋼管混凝土桁式拱橋的試驗研究（特別是模型製作） 、設計、施工具有重要的指導意義。Aiming at the phenomenon that a lot of information block in the middle of the system, combining with erp 、 data warehouse 、 web technology, this paper builds the enterprises " performance management information model and its workflow information model
針對信息中層涌塞問題，結合erp 、數據倉庫、 web等技術，構建了企業的績效管理信息模型及相關的工作流信息模型。The author builds the units reliability increasing model based on the eigenvalue with equivalent practicable degree and usableness coefficient of the 200mw units of jingyuan power plant. the actual data indicated that the model can analyze the rising rule of units reliability may be analyzed by this model, and the data are transmited to all the management departments it provides basis for right management decision
本文根據靖遠電廠200mw機組運行等效可用度和可用系數為特徵量建立了機組的可靠性增長模型，並經過了實際數據的驗證，表明採用該模型可對機組的可靠性增長規律進行分析，並可將這些數據及時傳送到廠里各級生產管理部門，為正確的管理決策提供確切的依據。The goal of this paper is, by serial / parallel combination technique of two - transistos forward converters ( ttfcs ), to keep the merits of the ttfc, and to overcome the shortages of it. the interleaving technique is adopted, while in combining ttfcs. the interleaving technique lowers the net ripple amplitude and raises the effective ripple frequency of the overall converter without increasing switching losses or device stresses
組合式雙管正激變換器由雙管正激變換器串並聯構成，應用交錯控制策略，在保留雙管正激變換器功率開關管電壓應力低和可靠性高的優點同時，克服了等效占空比小、副邊二極體電壓應力高、輸出電流脈動大等缺點。Subsequently, we can get the chip s - parameter by adding the negative equipment circuit of the parasitic parameters in the s - parameter model of packaged device
之後，在有管殼封裝器件的s參數模型中，加上負的寄生參量的等效電路，即可得到管芯的s參數。分享友人