等效荷載原理 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [děngxiàohézǎiyuánlǐ]
等效荷載原理 英文
principle of equipollent loads
  • 等 : Ⅰ量詞1 （等級） class; grade; rank 2 （種; 類） kind; sort; type Ⅱ形容詞（程度或數量上相同） equa...
  • 效 : Ⅰ名詞（效果; 功用） effect; efficiency; result Ⅱ動詞1 （仿效） imitate; follow the example of 2 ...
  • 荷 : 荷名詞（蓮） lotus
  • 載 : 載Ⅰ名詞（年） year : 一年半載 six to twelve months; six months to a year; 三年五載 three to five ...
  • 原 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （最初的; 原來的） primary; original; former 2 （沒有加工的） unprocessed; raw Ⅱ動詞（原...
  • 理 : Ⅰ名詞1 （物質組織的條紋） texture; grain （in wood skin etc ） 2 （道理;事理） reason; logic; tru...
  1. Fist of all, on the basis of the research of agone boffins, this author investigates the interaction mechanism of bolts and rock, and introduces the elastic ? lastic analytical resolution which is consist of the liner structure, the equivalent reinforced wall rock and the original wall rock in the simple loading from the equivalent well - proportioned view ; this solution is very important meaning for the engineering design. on the basis of coulomb friction model, the author introduces the finite element equation of the contact problem in order to provide the academic foundation for the application of msc. marc. finally, combining the engineering practice of the non - linear analysis of shield tunnel through yellow river of the south - north water transfer and using the model of friction, the author researched the evolution law of stress and displacement field in the structure of grouted rock bolts, and analyzed the effect to the stress and deformation of surrounding rock mass due to anchor supports

    首先，在前人研究成果的基礎上，對錨桿與圍巖的相互作用機理進行研究，利用全長錨固錨桿的中性點理論，從等效均化的角度來考慮錨桿對圍巖的加固作用，並推導了在簡單荷載作用下，含有襯砌、等效加固后的圍巖、原始圍巖三者的彈塑性解析解，對工程設計有著重要的參考意義；在數值模擬方面，以考慮錨固圍巖滿足規則化庫侖摩擦模型為基礎，利用虛功原理推導了接觸問題的有限元方程的計算格式，為開發運用大型商用有限元軟體msc . marc提供了理論根據，也形成了本文的理論基礎：最後，論文以南水北調東線穿黃隧洞穩定性分析項目為工程實例，利用本文所述的接觸問題的摩擦模型理論，對錨桿支護結構的應力場、位移場的變化規律進行了研究，分析了加錨支護對隧洞圍巖應力、變形的影響。
  2. On the basis of the study of traffic features of heavy - load vehicles, the vehicle weight data and the axle - load spectrum of different vehicles were collected for some typical heavy - duty roads in china, and according to the features of heavy - loading pavement, deficiency of the former load - figure are analyzed and new figures which are suitable for heavy - load pavements are put forward. meanwhile, based on the research of the cement concrete fatigue equation and the damage mechanism of asphalt pavement under heavy - load vehicles, axle load conversion equations fitting for heavy - load cement concrete pavement and asphalt pavement are established respectively by further analysis. in addition, design indices, traffic and material parameters and structural combination for heavy - load pavements are discussed in this paper as well

    本課題針對重載道路路面設計中所存在的問題，從重載交通特性出發，收集分析了國內幾條重載道路的交通及軸載組成情況，根據重載交通的特點，分析原有荷載圖式的不足，提出了適合於重載瀝青、重載水泥混凝土路面的荷載圖式；同時，在重載水泥混凝土路面疲勞方程及重載瀝青路面破壞機理研究的基礎上，通過對重載路面軸載換算公式的進一步研究，分別提出了適合於重載水泥及重載瀝青路面的軸載換算公式；此外，本文還對重載水泥、重載瀝青路面的設計指標、交通參數、材料參數及結構組合等方面進行探討，系統地提出了重載路面的設計方法，並使之有效地運用到工程實踐中。
  3. Finally, the distribution discipline of the cyclic changing temperature damage factor under the conditions of low temperature through the equivalent assumption and energy equivalent model based on damage mechanics theory. the fatigue life of the 4cm depth sawed cracking road is obtained under the conditions of - 15 based on the shenyang - dalian highway. in this paper, the inhomogeniety of asphalt concrete resulting from temperature change is considered, when the influence of the temperature change on the semi - rigid asphalt pavement concrete is analyzed

    最後，基於損傷力學理論，通過等效應變假設原理和能量等價模型，得到低溫下循環變溫損傷因子的分佈規律，以沈陽?大連高速公路的預鋸縫為工浙江大學博士學位論文廣義荷載作用下道路與軟基共同作用研究王金昌2003年5月程背景，預測了4cm深的鋸縫在一巧路表變溫作用下的疲勞壽命。
  4. In this paper, the traffic surveys and analysis of typical heavy - load road were performed firstly ; also the characteristics of traffic, load and distribution of axle load were studied. the deficiencies in the calculation method of surface equivalent modulus of foundation in present specification of cement concrete pavements design for highway were analyzed. based on the elastic multi - layer theory and principles of displacement equivalence, and a great amount of computing data, a calculation method was established

    本文首先從典型重載交通道路的交通調查與分析入手，研究了重荷載交通道路的交通量、軸載分佈及荷載特徵，針對現行設計規范中關于基層頂面當量回彈模量值計算公式存在的不足，利用彈性層狀體系理論，按照彎沉等效原則，通過大量的計算分析，回歸出了精度較高、適用范圍更廣的基層頂面當量回彈模量計算公式。
  5. 2. based on the muller - breslau principle, formulars of equivalent nodal loads for the curved - and straight - beam element while occuring unit relative constrained displacement have been deduced. the influence surface of the internal force for grillage has been analyzed by combining kinematic method with finite element static method, using the superposition principle applied to little deformation

    根據米勒-布雷斯勞原理，推導了曲梁、直梁截面發生單位強迫相對位移時的等效結點荷載計算公式，運用小變形的疊加原理，將梁格機動分析與梁格有限元靜力分析相結合建立了內力影響面。
  6. First, based on the analysis to the development condition of computer and property of the input data of bridge, this paper, taking convenience and practicability as principle, develops the multi passages data - in system made up with human - computer interactive interface and excel import model. second, after comparing and analyzing to the calculation theories and methods of creep and shrinkage, clearing up the key steps of creep and shrinkage analysis, the paper takes incremental method to establish program to analyze secondary inner force caused by creep and shrinkage. third, the paper puts some optimal or simplified treatment to the contents of pre - stress and develops relative program ; in addition, through analysis to the different methods used to calculate the secondary inner force caused by pre - stress, the paper combines equivalent load method with finite element, carries out some simplified treatments, and establishes program to calculate secondary inner force caused by pre - stress

    首先，在分析當前計算機的發展狀況及橋梁結構輸入數據特點的基礎上，以方便、實用為原則，採用人機交互界面和excel輸入方式聯合的多通道數據輸入系統；其次，通過比較分析徐變收縮計算的各種理論及方法，澄清了徐變收縮分析的關鍵過程，並採用增量法編製程序，實現徐變收縮次內力分析；再次，對預應力的相關計算內容進行適當優化或簡化處理，並編制相應程序；另外，本文還在比較預應力次內力各種計算方法的基礎上，將等效荷載法結合有限元進行一些簡化處理，編製程序實現預應力次內力的計算；最後以三個算例來校核計算方法及程序運行結果的可靠性，取得了預期效果。
  7. Under the horizontal earthquake action and wind force, aim at " the pure frame structure with rectangle columns ", " the pure frame structure with special - shaped columns ", " the frame - truss structure with special - shaped columns " and " frame - shear wall structure with special - shaped columns ", earthquake action analysis was done by the spacial finite element method through the changes structural parameter. analyzing systematically " structure vibration mode ", " vibration period ", " structure lateral rigidity ", " seismic action force ", " seismic response force ", " floor seismic shear force ", " lateral horizontal displacement of structure " and " members internal force ". results indicate : ( 1 ) based on equal area, the special - shaped columns replaced the rectangle columns, the structural lateral rigidity enlarges, the lateral displacement minishes obviously, the earthquake response increase slightly, the biggest increasing amount of frame columns axis - compress ratio is smaller than 0. 08. the whole aseismic performance of structure has improved ; ( 2 ) when the section ' s length and section ' s thickness ratio of special - shaped columns is smaller than 3. 6, the structure benefits to resist seismic action ; ( 3 ) the angle of horizontal seismic action with the whole coordinate is 0 degree, structure earthquake response is bigger, belonging to a control factor of structure aseismic design ; ( 4 ) the frame - truss structure with special - shaped columns and the " a " - brace has the biggest lateral rigidity ; ( 5 ) the frame - shear wall structure with special - shaped columns have bigger lateral rigidity and smaller displacement, members internal force enlarged just rightly, have much superiority of resisting seismic action ; ( 6 ) in the higher seismic fortification criterion region ( 8 degree of seismic fortification intensity ), aseismic disadvantageous building site ( iii type site ), adopting special - shaped columns structure system, should reduce possibly the building ' s self - weight in order to reduce the earthquake response ; ( 7 ) the response spectrum method of computing seismic response and the time - history analysis method have similar analysis result

    西安理工大學碩士學位論文在水平地震作用下，並考慮風荷載組合，分別對「矩形柱純框架結構」 、 「異型柱純框架結構」 、 「異型柱框一析架結構」及「異型柱框-剪結構」等四種結構體系，通過改變結構參數，運用空間有限元方法，進行地震作用計算。系統地分析研究「結構振型」 、 「振動周期」 、 「結構側向剛度」 、 「結構地震反應力」 、 「樓層地震剪力」 、 「結構側向位移」 、 「層間位移角」 ，以及「構件內力」 。結果表明:在等面積原則下，異型柱代換矩形柱后，結構剛度增大，側向位移明顯減小，地震反應力略有增加，框架柱軸壓比最大增幅小於8 % ，結構整體抗震性能有所提高;當異型柱肢長肢厚比小於等於3 . 6時，結構有利於抗震;水平地震作用力與整體坐標夾角為0度時，結構地震作用效應較大，屬結構設計的控制因素之一;異型柱框一析架結構採用「人」字斜撐，側向剛度大於「八」字斜撐和「人一八」字混合斜撐;異型柱框一剪結構側向剛度大、位移小，構件內力增大適中，是一種抗震性能優越的結構體系:在抗震設防烈度較高地區（ 8度）和抗震不利的建築場地（ m類場地） ，採用異型柱結構體系時，應盡可能減輕結構自重，降低地震作用力;分別採用「振型分解反應譜」法和「時程分析」法進行地震作用計算，兩種方法所得結果基本一致。
  8. Adopting the deformation harmony theory, the numeric calculation of the curve of load versus settlement is made. the fitting results between the calculated curve of load - settlement and the measured one of piles with different construction process are illustrated. hence, under the condition of few or no static load test data, the performance of bearing capacity of single bored pile in loess may be predicted utilizing indexes of shear wave velocity, static cone penetration test and modification coefficient of depth, so it is remarkable to reduce the blindness of preliminary design of pile

    通過室內試驗及原位測試指標進行理論計算與現場實測值的對比，筆者引入了施工工藝修正系數k _ （ c1 ）和k _ （ c2 ）及深度修正系數，使理論計算值與現場實測值具有良好的一致性，進而通過變形協調理論對荷載?沉降曲線進行數值計算，並用不同施工工藝的實例說明了理論計算荷載?沉降曲線與實測荷載?沉降曲線的擬合效果，從而達到可在不做靜載荷試驗或少做靜載荷試驗的情況下通過剪切波速和靜力觸探試驗指標以及施工工藝修正系數等預測黃土地基中鉆孔灌注樁承載性狀，這對于工程初步設計中減少設計的盲目性具有十分重要的現實意義。
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