約定負荷 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [yāodìngfùhé]
約定負荷
英文
contracted load-
Though there are a certain level of counteractive impacts to the market power from the price - differentiation agreement and dynamics of demand, the influence of market power cannot be eliminated ; 3 ) in the electricity market, the market power size is greatly influenced by the supply - demand relationship, extent of concentration, and market collusion
雖然差價合約和負荷需求彈性對市場力有一定的抑制作用，但並不能消除市場力的存在。 （ 3 ）電力市場的供需關系、市場的集中度以及市場共謀的有效性極大地影響著市場力的大小；發電企業的成本和發電容量的限制在某種程度上也影響著市場力的實施效果。Taking load uncertainties, infeasibility problem and multiple objection of the reactive power optimization in the radial distribution system into consideration, loads are modeled as fuzzy interval numbers. fuzzy power flow is proposed based on fuzzy interval load for the more practical membership function of line losses rate and maximal voltages offset. this thesis presents multiple objection model of the reactive power optimization considering uncertainties using the fuzzy set theory
對配電網電壓無功優化問題中負荷的非概率性的不確定性問題、多目標問題、約束不可行性問題進行了研究，用模糊區間來描述實際的負荷情況，並用負荷的模糊區間值計算配電網的潮流，得到有功功率損耗和電壓的模糊區間值，使網損率和節點電壓最大偏移量的隸屬函數更接近實際情況；將改進遺傳演算法與模糊集理論相結合，通過求解多目標函數和約束條件的模糊集合的交集，得出網損率和節點電壓最大偏移量最小的最優運行狀態。The method ' s aim is made the investment of substations and feeder minimum. it can model physical constraints with land utilization and street accessibility and used actual street routes in the substation location and feeder planning, which is important especially in a suburban or city area
模型包含了用地限制和街道可達性、可用性等約束，而且在求解模型時用基於動態規劃的最短路演算法確定負荷點到變電所的計及障礙因素的歐幾里得距離（簡稱廣義距離） 。The problem of energy saving of water systems in the operating condition of part load is studied. the aim is to get a more reasonable control method. using this method, the supplied flux of chilled water can meet the needed flux of the building during the operating times of part load, the on / off condition of pumps and chiller can be decided reasonably and it has the advantage of saving energy in pumps and chiller
本論文主要研究空調水系統在部分負荷下輸送的節能問題，其目的在於尋求一種較合理的控制方法，使冷水機組和水泵在空調部分負荷下運行時，輸送的冷量與實際建築物所需冷量相匹配，以決定水泵和冷水機組的啟停，最大限度地節約水泵輸送能耗及冷水機組的製冷能耗。The scale of the equivalent system is of 50 percent of the original one, and the time cost of transient siumlaton for the equivalent system is reduced to almost half while the calculation precision is acceptable
算例中等值網路的節點數目、支路數目、發電機數目和負荷數目大約只有原始網路的50 % ，用等值網路進行暫態穩定計算大約可以節省一半的計算時間，且計算結果的精確度完全滿足工程的需要。Consumers successively plunged a large number of silicon controlled commuted devices ( such as steel rolling 、 electrized locomotive 、 aluminium electrolysed devices etc ) and smelting devices to improve their produced efficiency or to save energy. on the one hand it is good for consumers, on the other hand it will arouse the fluctuation of voltage and frequency and it will result in the collision of the active and reactance capacity. meanwhile these nonlinear loads bring much harmonic into the electric network which deteriorate the quality of power supply and hazard the online device enormously
用電部門為了提高生產效益、節約能源，在大電網中相繼出現了大量的可控硅整流裝置（如軋鋼、電氣化機車、鋁加工電解設備等）以及冶煉設備，這些設備的投入使用對節能有一定好處，但給電網造成有、無功沖擊，引起電壓和頻率的波動，同時，這些非線性負荷向電網注入大量諧波，大大惡化了供電系統的電能質量，給用電設備帶來了極大的危害。So, it is quite necessary to save energy of water systems to lower the total energy consumption of the whole systems. in about 90 % operating times, the air conditioning system runs at 65 % load, the designed condition and part - load operating condition are different, so 1 the operating mode of pumps and chiller should be decided by the actual operating condition of part load in order to distribute the chilled water flux soundly
由於在部分負荷下運行的空調系統與設計工況並非一致，而空調系統近90的時間在65的負荷下運行，因此空調系統需要根據實際工況要求來決定水泵和冷水機組的運行方式，以合理分配冷凍水和節約水系統能耗。The exact prediction of space load can assure the indoor environment quality, and is beneficial to promote energy conservation. as a large proportion of total space load, the space load resulting from transient heat conduction of building envelope is difficult to calculate exactly
室內負荷的正確預測對保證室內環境質量、節約能源有著重大意義，而由建築圍護結構不穩定傳熱引起的室內負荷在整個負荷中占較大比例且難以準確計算。分享友人