統制價格 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [tǒngzhìjiàgé]
統制價格
英文
controlled price-
Partly due to the above practice, president carter supported decontrol of natural gas prices, deregulation of the airlines, trucking, and railroads, and deregulation of the financial services industry, including the elimination of ceilings on deposit interest rates
在某種程度上因為上述情況，卡特總統支持對天然氣價格取消限制，對航空公司、卡車運輸與鐵路運輸放鬆管制，對金融服務業放鬆管制，包括取消儲蓄存款利率的上限。The first part talks about the conception, the characteristics and the theoretic basis of the appraisal right. in this paper, the appraisal right of the dissentient shareholders is a right of the shareholders, whose benefit is not met by the decision of the meeting of the shareholders, to sell his shares to the corporation or the shareholders whose benefit is met by the foregoing decision at a reasonable price
本文從該制度的概念、特徵、由來和發展、適用范圍、適用程序、公平價格的含義和確定方法以及該制度的例外情形等方面對該制度作了較為系統的研究，並結合我國的立法現狀提出了完善我國異議股東股份收買請求權制度的立法建議。Government ' s monopoly of capital market also leaded to the " shell " value of listed company which is irrelative to the company ' s invest value, which made the higher general price in the market. in addition to, the structure of investors which is consisting of many individual investors and few institution investors lets it easy to manipulate the stock market for the institution investors. according to the origins of the systematic risk, it is necessary to improve the market mechanism and market efficiency to eliminate the system root of the risk to decrease the risks
突出地表現在：資本市場服務于國企轉制，造成上市公司股權結構存在缺陷，致使公司治理失效，上市公司缺乏持續發展的能力，公司經營風險轉化為市場的系統性風險；政府對資本市場準入的行政性壟斷，形成上市公司「殼」價值，虛高股票市場價格，引發系統性風險；金融市場分割，特別是貨幣市場資金缺乏進入資本市場的正常渠道，利率市場化水平低，影響金融資產定價，導致違規融資盛行，加大了市場風險；而由於市場監管不到位，以散戶為主的投資主體結構，則易導致機構大戶利用內幕信息操縱股價，機構投資者的發展不僅沒有成為穩定市場的力量，反而成為操縱市場的主力，加劇了市場波動。Theory of price mechanism was the hottest research field in classic economics, but it become " cool " when a. marshall who is the founder of neoclassic economics united the classic price mechanism theory
價格機制理論在古典經濟中是最熾熱的研究領域，但自新古典經濟的奠基人馬歇爾「統一」了門派眾多的古典價格機制理論后，價格機制理論研究便「冷卻」了下來。Thesis point out : agricultural product market information system construction lag behind on market for farm products construction, scale of market for farm products, institutionalized degree low grade factor influence market for farm products collecting and distributing and transmitting the function to information relatively. agricultural product stronger in price fluctuation, dependence and a low one getting dispersed, in the forming process of and the price of agricultural product : basic price form with market, producing area price can reflect person who consume - price etc. factor weaken price direction function of information. agricultural product supply and marketing chain does not cooperate in the play chess state that caused inside system reasonless behavior of participant and feedback mistake of message understand
指出：農產品市場信息體系建設滯後於農產品市場建設、農產品市場的規模化、制度化程度較低等因素影響了農產品市場對信息的集散和傳遞功能；農產品價格較強的波動性、相關性和較低的離散性，以及農產品價格形成過程中：基礎價格形成與市場之外、產地價格不能反映消費地價格等因素弱化了價格信息的導向功能；農產品供銷鏈的非合作博弈狀態造成內部參與者的系統非理性行為和對反饋信息的錯誤理解。In the classic script for a cartel, the group sets a unified optimally exploiting price structure.
按照卡特爾的傳統範本，這個集團制定出一個統一的最有利於剝削的價格結構。By end of 1998, the nominal value of derivatives transactions had happened in the official exchange within 5 years increased from 7. 7 trillion u. s. dollars to 13. 5 trillion u. s. dollars, meanwhile, the nominal value of derivative securities ( otc ) increased from 8. 7 trillion u. s. dollars to 51 trillion u. s. dollars, then, the nominal value of unliquidated derivatives was total about 64 trillion u. s. dollars, and the academic field also emerged frontier science borrowing for the financial science, physics financial science, financial engineering, etc. 1973, black and scholes put forward the differential equation that any derivative securities prices based on any non - dividend paying stock must be satisfied, that is black - scholes differential equation
Jamshidian . f在其1989年的文章中推導出零息債券的期權價格。奧托同樣在其1998年的論文中用統計物理學中的路徑積分方法推導出了基於零息債券為基礎的期權定價模型。本文在這些學者研究成果的基礎上，進行了更深層次的研究，在vasicek隨機模型的基礎上，打破上述學者及著名的black - scholes期權定價模型只能求解證券及其衍生產品價格平均值的限制，對零息債券和基於零息債券的期權的價格求解，並推導證券瞬時價格的分佈函數。With this aim, this paper has made a comprehensive study on the problem of the land requisition in our country. armed with such renowned theories as the theory of property right application, land rent, public choice etc., the study has rendered a potent analysis of the problems involved in the current land requisition policy and their reasons. then, based on china ’ s realities, it advances its own proposal to renovate the current policy from various aspects including the nature and limitation, the procedure and the standard of compensations of the land requisition, that is, by means of a combination of enumeration and generalization, decide on a strict definition of public interests ; improve the procedure of the requisition of land under the principle of openness, justice and high efficiency ; set up the compensation standard with the market price as the baton while versified by other supplementary ways ; most importantly, clarify the property right of land
本文通過對土地徵用問題進行系統、深入的調查研究，針對當前我國土地徵用制度存在的主要缺陷和弊端，應用產權理論、地租理論、公共選擇理論、新制度經濟學中的路徑依賴理論以及其它相關理論分析土地徵用存在的問題及其原因，並結合國內外的先進經驗，立足本國實際，從征地性質與范圍的界定、征地程序的完善，以及征地補償標準的確定，提出了完善土地徵用制度的政策建議:採取列舉式和概括式相結合的方式，嚴格的界定「公共利益」范圍;樹立正當的程序觀念，按照公正、公開與效率的原則，完善征地程序;建立以市場價格為主的土地徵用補償標準，建立多樣化的征地補償方式等來解決我國征地中存在的問題，但最根本的是明晰土地產權從而進一步完善我國土地徵用制度。Compared to the analogy or the base - band sampling solution, this structure not only enhanced the system mobility, the flexibility and stability, but also reduced the cost, moreover it may be a public platform, which realize multi - purpose and multi - service patterns communication signal despread and demodulation, has fully reflected the thought of software radio
與採用模擬或基帶采樣解擴解調方式相比，這種結構既增加了系統的機動性、靈活性和穩定性，同時價格大幅下降，而且可以作為一個公用平臺，實現多功能、多制式通信信號解擴解調，充分反映了軟體無線電的思想。Along with china ' s entering wto, chinese corporations have to face much more cruel competitions which not only are product and market pri ? competition but also are persons with ability and institution competition0 so, how to design series of schemes which can arrest and make use of the seven seas persons with ability, how to optimize the manpovver resources, this are the key point for ali chinese corporations to found modern enterprise institutionso supervisor stock options are the most popular inspirit at present, which means the supervisors can buy themselves corporation stock at fixed pri ? and during a fixed period, so that they can gain the corporation ' s residual clainio at first, this paper discussed the basic stimulant theories by the numbers, and introduce how does the supervisor stock option take place, and its meanings, operation flow
如何設計出一種能夠吸引和利用全球一流人才，使人力資源配置最優化，是中國企業建立現代企業制度的關鍵。管理者股票期權是目前世界上最流行的激勵方式，它允許企業的管理者在一定的期限內，依約定的價格購買公司的股票，從而取得企業經營成果的剩餘索取權。本文首先系統地論述了企業家激勵的基本理論，介紹了經營者股票期權的發生、意義及其具體操作流程。China has a vast population and a broad market, thus liquor consumption owns a considerably potential market in china. however, due to the intence yet disorder competition of the present market, the marketing of the liquor industry in china has fallen into an rather awkward dilemma. the hidden trouble, the lurking danger, cause the businessmen in this line unable to extricate themselves from a low - leveled ricious competitive cycle. such severe challenge also confronts yuechitequ company. therefore, the most urgent problems waiting for resdring lie in how to take advantage of the present resoures effectively, how to distinguish the market situation, and how to institute a scientific product - popularizing programme in order to keep the enterprise standing undefeated in the intense competition, and develop the enterprise rapidly, favorably. this thesis makes a thoughtful analysis about the external conditions of market and internal ones resources in the yuechitequ by means of inrestication through questionaire and scientific data processing. in the second part, with the application of stp system theory of marketing and new - product - pricing theory, it designs and further expounds the popularization of the new products of this company, then forms a excutable performance and makes a constant rerision via market practice. in this way can it explor a suitable road to popularize the products in the liquor market, help the enterprise to free from the difficulties and progress healthely, consitently
本文通過在岳池特曲公司現有產品市場進行問卷調查，運用科學的數據處理方法對所回收的658份問卷統計分析，以及利用美國哈佛大學商學院著名教授邁克爾?波特（ michaelporter ）提出的五種力量模型和價值鏈與vrio分析理論，對白酒市場的公開數據細致分析，以明確四川省岳池特曲酒業有限公司實施新產品市場推廣所面臨的市場條件和內部資源條件，在此基礎上，本文運用市場營銷學中stp系統理論、新產品定價理論等，對岳池特曲公司推出的白酒新產品進行市場細分、確定目標市場和市場定位，並根據市場營銷4p理論制定新產品的產品策略、價格策略、渠道策略、市場促銷推廣策略，形成最終整體完善的可執行方案，再通過市場實踐對推廣方案進行檢驗、修正，力圖在酒類市場中探索一條新產品市場推廣的適用道路，並幫助企業擺脫困境、邁開步伐、持續健康的發展。Through interview and investigation to the audiences and the principles from 6 volleyball clubs in 2005 - 2006 national league matches ’ season, the results indicate that most of the clubs don ’ t have a unified criterion in ticket layout designing. since the advertisement is usually combined with the ticket, it is not convenient for the consumers to get the relative information ; most of the clubs grade the tickets, but the price is usually above audiences ’ expectation which generally is concentrated in 20bmb and 30 ? 50 rmb ; the booking channel is not sufficiently unobstructed in some degree, and 37. 29 % of the interviewed audiences felt inconvenient, 3. 32 % met difficulty buying the ticket. those who consider convenient account for 59. 39 % ; advertisement is taken by most of the clubs as the common promotion strategy, while another promotion way that is to utilize public relation doesn ’ t get enough recognition ; most of the clubs don ’ t launch any market investigation before they make ticket marketing strategy and what ’ s more 4ps strategy unit lacks scientific theoretical basis
通過對2005 - 2006賽季全國排球聯賽6個排球俱樂部的門票經營負責人員和現場觀眾進行訪問、調查，結果表明:大部分俱樂部的門票版面設計不科學、不合理，缺乏統一的標準，門票和廣告多為聯體型，消費者不易從中獲取信息;大部分俱樂部都制定了不同檔次的門票，門票定價不盡合理，有些偏高，現場觀眾願意接受的全國排球聯賽門票價格集中在20元左右;售票渠道還不夠通暢，在購買門票時仍有37 . 29 %的消費者感到不方便，有3 . 32 %的消費者感到非常難，感到購買門票方便的消費者佔59 . 39 % ;在選擇門票促銷方式時，廣告已經成為大多數俱樂部普遍採用的促銷方式，利用公共關系進行促銷還沒有得到各俱樂部的足夠重視;大部分俱樂部在制定門票市場營銷策略時都沒有經過市場調研， 4ps策略還缺乏科學的理論指導。The comparative advantages to develop inner mongolia beef cattle industry are the price, non - pollutions and vast grasslands etc. the disadvantages are as follows : be short of specific beef - cattle kind ; individual productivity ability ; meat nature promoting slowly ; raises method and management standard being fairly backward ; butcher, process, circulate, and the link aspect receives the technology restriction unfavorably factors such as serious etc. the suggestions for development of beef industry in inner mongolia are as follows : strengthening the bioengineering technology and setting up the inner mongolia beef cattle breeds system ; quickening the breed cultivating ; optimizing the breed structure ; effectively increasing the safe forage supplies ; strengthening epidemic disease prevention ; curing quarantining work ; developing the nutrition hygiene " green food " ; changing traditional raising method ; raising the management standard, and carrying on scope production
發展內蒙古肉牛業具有價格、無污染、草原廣闊等優勢，但存在著專有肉用牛品種缺乏、個體生產性能和肉質提升緩慢、飼養方式和管理水平比較落後、屠宰、加工和流通環節方面受技術制約嚴重等不利因素，因此，要利用生物工程技術，建立內蒙古肉牛繁育體系，加快品種培育，優化品種結構；有效地增加安全飼料供應；強化疫病防治和檢疫工作，發展營養衛生「綠色食品」 ；轉變傳統飼養方式，提高飼養管理水平，進行規模化生產；重視開拓農村市場，促進內蒙古肉牛業發展。With the market - oriented economic system perfecting, government interference should be minimized
我國蠶繭的價格一直由國家統一制定。From the second to the fifth chapter such problems concerning state - owned property right are illustrated respectively as its definition, valuation and price fixing and capital sources of undertaking party and the disposal and use of transfer income. problems are raised with regard to the process of current property right system diversity in state - owned enterprises, such as the disagreement to the definition of state - owned property right, no standard of evaluation, imperfection of price fixing system and relative confusion of transfer income disposal and use. what ' s more, new solutions are offered : the probe into state - owned property right definition " changsha model " is confirmed positively ; two specific ways of quantification - - " the method of average growth rate of state - owned property right " and " the method of average cost of labor in market " ; the concept " present value of earnings " is applied to the property evaluation of receivable accounts, finished goods, invisible assets and so on ; the unjust in price fixing of state - owned property right can be avoided by improving property valuation methods, perfecting capital market especially property right trading market and bettering information publishing system ; as to the guarantee problem of human resources financial contribution, an original key is offered
第一章運用產權理論對國企產權多元化改革進行經濟學分析；第二章至第五章主要圍繞國有產權的界定問題、評估問題、定價問題、承接方的資金來源問題、轉讓收入的處置運用問題分別進行闡述，指出了當前國企產權多元化過程中存在著國有產權界定不統一、評估不規范、定價機制不完善、處置運用相對混亂等諸多問題，並提出新的解決思路：肯定國有產權界定「長沙模式」的積極探索意義，提出量化職工創造剩餘價值的「國有資產平均增長率法」和「平均市場勞動成本法」 ；將「收益現值」概念運用到對應收賬款、產成品、無形資產等資產評估之中；應從完善資產評估方法、完善資本市場特別是產權交易市場和健全信息公開機制三個方面來解決國有產權定價不公問題；就人力資本出資的擔保問題提出實際債務承擔額（比例）應小於名義出資額（比例）的新思路，並認為人力資本市場上的交易價格應包括絕對出資額和相對出資額兩部分。With the trend of openness and integration of globlal economy, exchange rate is playing more and more important role in influencing the allocation of global resources. the sensitivity of the price of tradale goods to exchange rate fluctuation becomes the focus of international economics because it is a critical vector and transmitter when an economy is confronted of exogenous impact. traditional international economics theory assume that nominal exchange rate fluctuation has complete pass - through effect, namely it ’ s change will introduce proportional change of tradable goods, then it will influence such macroeconomic vector as term of trade, import and export, inflation, employment, productivity, income allocation, and so on. from a microeconomic angle, including pricing to market, innovative behavior, menu cost and sunk cost, the paper probe into the pricing model of international enterprices under floating exchange rate and testify the incomplete pass - through of exchange rate and it ’ s detailed reason, then discuss the inspiration it has on china. it ’ s believable this kind of research will play a big part in china ’ s exchange rate scheme and some macroeconomic problems such as exchange rate tranmitting channel and effects, exchange rate fluctuating behavior
傳統的國際經濟學理論認為，名義匯率的波動具有完全的傳遞性（ completepass - through ） ，即它的變化會引起同比例的進出口貿易品相對價格以及貿易品和非貿易品相對價格的變化，然後通過需求變動的支出轉移效應（ expenditureswitching ）來影響國內經濟的諸多宏觀變量，如貿易條件、進出口貿易額、通脹水平、就業量、勞動生產率以及收入分配等，本文從依市定價（ pricingtomarket ） 、創新行為、菜單成本以及沉澱成本等四個不同的微觀角度，通過對浮動匯率下國際壟斷競爭性生產廠商的定價模型具體而透徹的探討，論證了匯率的不完全傳遞性並深入分析了決定匯率傳遞彈性的重要影響因素，闡述了該理論對人民幣匯率的啟示，這樣的研究會對我國今後的匯率政策以及匯率的傳導機制、傳導效應、波動行為等宏觀經濟問題起到重要的作用。Some politicians even tried to dismiss the idea of public rationing altogether, saying that last month ' s tiny increase in the price of a litre of petrol ( by $ 0. 02 ) and that smart cards monitoring national consumption will solve the problem without rationing
一些政客甚至試圖完全廢止公共配給制度，聲稱上個月每升汽油價格小幅上揚了（ 2美分） ，如果沒有配給制度，智能卡的國家消費監測系統會解決這個問題。In the early electric market in china, in order to encourage the power plant to supply reactive power and maintain the safe and stable operation of power system as well as give proper pricing signal of reactive power, the old method in which only active power is charged and reactive power is free must be changed
為調動發電廠參與無功輔助服務的積極性，確保系統安全穩定運行，並給無功電源建設以正確的價格信號，根據發電廠無功輔助服務成本分析和我國初級電力市場的狀況，討論了一種無功容量電價加無功電量電價的二部制無功輔助服務補償電價。The dissertation impersonally analyze macro and micro economic situation in china, especially for chengdu city, which is the foundation of effective marketing & sell project. 2. the theory is on the basis of three main ideas : 1 theory of " 7p " : service marketing includes 7 variables, which represent production, price, distribution, promotion, and people, process of service, presentation as well
本文著重探討了以下幾個問題： 1 、客觀分析了中國國內，特別是成都市場的宏觀和微觀經濟環境，這是制定一個有效的營銷方案的基礎； 2 、本文的理論基礎基於以下三點： 「 7p 」理論：服務營銷包括7種變量組合，即在傳統的產品、價格、分銷渠道和促銷組合之外，還要增加「人」 、 「服務過程」 、 「有形展示」 3個變量，從而形成7p組合。Can technology help create a new level of safety in a power tool ? a physicist turned inventor says it can. ann kellan looks at the finger - saving potential of saw stop
我們很快會知道。明年春天，電鋸制動系統將生產出商用和民用的大小不同的臺式電鋸。同樣大小的電鋸，帶手指防切技術的電鋸將加價150美元，其價格大約比普通電鋸多15 。分享友人