經常標準成本 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [jīngchángbiāozhǔnchéngběn]
經常標準成本 英文
current standard cost
  • 經 : 經動詞[紡織] （把紡好的紗或線梳整成經紗或經線） warp
  • 標 : Ⅰ名詞1 [書面語] （樹梢） treetop; the tip of a tree2 （枝節或表面） symptom; outside appearance; ...
  • 準 : Ⅰ名詞1 （標準） standard; guideline; criterion; norm 2 （目標） aim; target Ⅱ動詞1 （依據; 依照）...
  • 成 : Ⅰ動詞1 （完成; 成功） accomplish; succeed 2 （成為; 變為） become; turn into 3 （成全） help comp...
  • 本 : i 名詞1 （草木的莖或根）stem or root of plants 2 （事物的根源）foundation; origin; basis 3 （本錢...
  • 經常 : 1. （平常; 日常） day-to-day; everyday; daily 2. （常常） constantly; frequently; regularly; often
  • 標準 : （衡量事物的準則; 榜樣; 規范） standard; criterion; benchmark; pip; rule; ètalon （衡器）; merits
  1. We analyze agent cooperation methods now commonly in use, and, on the basis of ecology and experiences, we propose a competitive price auction contract network protocol. while using the same network traffic volume as the simple auction, our strategy of second overbid competitive price auction can achieve the same effect as the traditional auction. further, we improve traditional contract network protocol, introduce constraints into message transmit, and use fell back punishment and credit when an agent cannot complete the intended task, consequently the traffic volume and the complexity of systems are considerably reduced

    本文分析了現在通常採用的agent協同方法，提出基於生態學和經驗的競價拍賣合同網協議，採用的選擇次高價競價拍賣策略能在與簡單拍賣相同的通信量上達到類似於傳統競價拍賣的效果，對傳統的合同網協議進行改進，在消息傳播中加入約束機制和對agent不能完成任務時不採取轉變角色重新招標而採用違約懲罰和信用機制，減少了系統的通信量和系統的復雜度，最後在此基礎上實現一個基於fipa標準的多agent電子商務原型系統。
  2. Analise the motivation of this system, including tax motivation and non - tax one. this discussion of the legal theory of transfer pricing tax system is based on the principle of equal tax, it also discuss the criterias of many other country ' s related enterprises. examine, evaluate the principles of current transfer pricing law control, including total profit principle, arm ’ s length principle, comparable principle, as well as the solution provided by foreign country ' s related enterprises, such as comparable uncontrollable pricing method ; resale pricing method ; cost - plus method, and analise their advantages and disadvatages. it compares the transfer pricing tax system amoung development countries, and therefore putforword the related problem of china and provide solutions

    本文從國內外存在的真實案例出發闡述了跨國公司的轉讓定價行為對我國經濟的影響，分析了轉讓定價存在的動機包括稅務動機和非稅務動機，從稅收公平性原則、稅收法定主義、實質課稅原則來談轉讓定價稅制的法理基礎，以及各國關聯企業的判定標準，並審視、評價現行轉移定價法律控制的原則，包括總利潤原則、正常交易原則、可比性原則等，以及各國對關聯企業之間不合理轉讓定價進行調整的方法，如可比非受控價格法、再銷售價格法、成本加價法，分析了它們之間的優缺點。
  3. This product, prepared from the 2 - stage high - pressure hydrofined white oil, is characterized this lproduct, prepared from the 2 - stage high - pressure hydrolfined operation, its quality is up to by its high breaking down voltage, low setting pont and steady operation, its quality is up to or even superior to the state standarde and is widely used in various transpormers to ensure therir normal operation

    本產品採用二段高壓加氫精製的白油為基礎油料，經復配調制而成。產品具有抗擊穿電壓性能優良、凝固點低、穩定性好等特點，質量指標達到或超過國家標準要求，可廣泛應用於各地區變壓器的安全正常運轉。
  4. Whilst there is always likely to be a role for the small independent company meeting specific local needs or carrying out sub - contract work for the leading suppliers, without access to capital to develop new specialist, niche products or the ability to achieve the economies of scale in standard products to meet the pricing demands of the brand owners many are expected to quit the market

    小的公司經常能滿足某些地方本地的需求或成為主要供應商的子合同商，得不到資金開發新的特殊品種，不能經濟地以標準產品滿足品牌持有者的不菲需求，許多公司見離開該市場。
  5. In many articles and works, the termination of the liaison between celestial and human beings has an indefinite source. at the beginning of the discourse it is introduced that the two sources of the termination which people often mentioned. they are the l punishments, of the book of zhou, of the book of history and chu yu of guo yu. the article also explicates the relationship between the two records and their value, saying that chu yu of guo yu was compiled later than the l punishments, of the book of zhou, of the book of history but their importance can not be judged only by the time when they were compiled. in fact the termination was mythologically recorded in the book of mountains and seas the famous pre - qin book. in the part, the writer introduces the time and the nature of the book of mountains and seas, thinking it passes on many messages of the primitive time with the images and reflection of true history and taking it as a new attempt to study the legal history by it

    正本清源，本文首先介紹人們最常引用的「絕地天通」的兩個出處： 《尚書?周書?呂刑》和《國語?楚語》 ，而且對這兩處記載的關系及其價值進行了分析，指出：雖然《國語?楚語》在時間上較《尚書?周書?呂刑》為后，但對資料的原始性的評價並不僅僅以其時間的先後為標準。事實上，在先秦典籍中， 《山海經》也以一種神話的語言記載了「絕地天通」 。在本部分，作者對《山海經》的性質、成書時間等作了說明，認為它用神話的方式保留並傳遞了相當多的原始時代的信息，它們帶有歷史的影子，在一定程度上反映著歷史的真實。
  6. Having reviewed the local situation including our laboratory capacity to conduct full virological screening test of consignments at an acceptable level in case of further suspected outbreaks in the region, the limited availability of local facilities to quarantine consignments on detection of sick birds and the public health risks arising from the accommodation of large quantities of chickens on a daily basis at our crowded retail markets, we considered it prudent for the daily import of live chickens from may 12 onwards at the current level of about 30, 000 and review how the new quarantine arrangements are working

    我們考慮本地情況后，包括當亞洲鄰近地區再次爆發懷疑禽流感個案時，本港實驗室是否有能力在符合認可標準下為進口雞只進行全面病毒甄別測試；鑒于本港隔離設施有限，當發現病雞時有否足夠設施隔離雞只；以及在環境擠迫的零售市場內經常積存大量雞只對公共?生所構成的風險等，結論是為謹慎起見，由五月十二日起每天從內地進口的活雞數目維持在現時三萬只的水平，並且會檢討新的檢驗檢疫安排的運作。
  7. Institutional economics is its basic theoretical clue. the institutional approach includes : transaction cost is a basic view for housing finance institutions and a certain institution follows the principle of minimum transaction cost ; financial deepenness and financial function theories are important ways to understand housing finance institution ; a systematic institutional structure of housing finance comes from the interaction of social economy, culture and politics, and institutional bundling and embeddedness are common forms ; financial structure theory is a forceful quantitative way to analyses housing finance institutions ; minimization of transaction cost is the basic motivation for institutional transformation, and the basic ways are forced transformation and induced transformation ; equity and efficiency are basic criteria for evaluating housing finance institutions, which may implement through certain institutions while government acts as leverage between equity and efficiency. ( 2 ) multiformality and transformation of housing finance

    制度經濟學是基本的理論線索，制度分析範式包括如下方面：交易成本是考察住房金融制度的基本視角，特定的住房制度安排遵循約束條件交易成本最小化原則；金融深化和金融功能理論是理解特定住房金融制度安排的重要輔助方法；整體性住房金融制度結構的形成是包括社會經濟、文化、政治等各類制度在內互相影響、平衡的產物，制度捆綁和制度嵌入是常見的形式；金融結構方法是用制度分析方法解釋住房金融制度的有力的定量分析工具；住房金融制度變遷的基本動因是交易成本最小化（外部收益內部化） ，變遷的基本方式是強制性變遷和誘致性變遷；公平和效率是住房金融制度評價的基本標準，公平和效率通過一定的制度安排可以同時實現，政府在住房金融制度中起著平衡公平和效率的杠桿作用。
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