經濟活動機制 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [jīngjìhuódòngjīzhì]
經濟活動機制 英文
mechanism of economic activities
  • 經 : 經動詞[紡織] （把紡好的紗或線梳整成經紗或經線） warp
  • 濟 : 濟名詞1. （古水名） the ji river2. （姓氏） a surname
  • 活 : Ⅰ動詞1 （生存; 有生命） live 2 [書面語]（救活） save （the life of a person）:活人無算 （of a goo...
  • 機 : machineengine
  • 制 : Ⅰ動詞1 （製造） make; manufacture 2 （擬訂; 規定） draw up; establish 3 （用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  • 經濟 : 1 [經] （社會物質生產和再生產的活動） economy 2 （對國民經濟有利或有害的） economic; of industria...
  • 活動 : 1 （運動） move about; exercise 2 （動搖） shaky; unsteady 3 （不固定） movable; mobile; flexible...
  • 機制 : 1 （機器製造或加工的） machine processed; machine made 2 （機器的構造和工作原理; 有機體的構造、功...
  1. Reasonless economic activities of human beings, such as over - reclamation, overgrazing, denudation, misuse and gouging, trigger and accelerate land desertification, which are only the exterior causes of land desertification

    摘要人類不合理的經濟活動，如濫墾、濫牧、濫采、濫伐、濫用等觸發並加速了土地荒漠化的進程，但這只是制約土地荒漠化的外在機制。
  2. The second is that monopoly produces some positive effects : as static efficiency to say, there are four mechanisms, namely economies of scale, economies of scope, internalization of externalities and learning effect, which optimize the allocation of resources. monopoly advantages decrease of transaction cost. some extent monopoly has benefits to technology innovation and human capital accumulation

    其次，壟斷具有正的效應：從靜態效率來看，壟斷存在四種優化資源配置的機制（規模經濟機制、范圍經濟機制、外部性內化機制和學習效應機制） ；壟斷有利於機會成本的降低，從而可以提高社會經濟活動的效率；從動態效率來看，一定程度的壟斷有利於技術進步和人力資本的積累，因而是動態有效的。
  3. The socialist market consciously a pply the law of value and give a play to market mechanism, the macro - control of socialist market economy is shifted from direct management of economic activity mainly by administrative means to indirect one mainly by economic and legislative means, and appropriate system of control is set up. to reform the system of economic plan, we gradually reduce the scope of mandatory planning and expand the guiding planning

    社會主義市場經濟自覺運用價值規律和發揮市場機制的作用，社會主義市場經濟的宏觀調控從主要依靠行政手段、對經濟活動進行直接調控轉到以經濟手段、法律手段為主的間接調控上來，建立起相應的調控體系，改革經濟計劃體制，逐步縮小指令性計劃，擴大指導性計劃。
  4. The state taking place of market as economic running mechanism played a prominent role in regulating economic activities such as : enacted regulations to control price, allocated foreign exchange, created lots of public enterprises, restricted trade, overvalued foreign exchange rate, et al. to some extent, this kind of economic policy was necessary and brought positive effects to african countries. but every thing has two sides, so does this economic policy

    在政府制定的各項經濟政策中，政府將大筆資金用於興建基礎設施、公共部門和各類補貼；干預信貸資金規模、配置及規定較低的利率；制定經濟發展計劃，確定經濟發展目標，實行廣泛的國有化；對主導產業提供支持和保護等等，無不體現政府作為主要經濟運行機制的影響以及對經濟活動的干預和控制。
  5. It is not possible to have a complete comprehension on the scale economies without taking these factors into consideration. this thesis takes the institutional perspective, with the theory of labor division, to inquire into the scale economies in the various economic activities

    本文從制度的角度，運用分工理論，對經濟活動中的規模經濟問題進行了探討，分別從產權制度、組織管理制度、國家經濟體制等方面，對工廠、公司制企業、行業和地區等幾個經濟系統規模經濟的產生進行了研究，揭示出它們的內在形成機理。
  6. Administrative monopoly refers to the behaviors of controlling and cornering market competition by the way of utilization of other public power under the control of administrative organs in local government and national trade economic management. we should study the concept from the following parts such as the subject - characteristic, difference with economic controlling and legal immunity

    行政壟斷是地方政府行政機關和國家行業經濟管理部門主要憑借行政權力的行使，在其他公共權力綜合運用的影響下，對經濟活動進行排他性控制、消除或者限制市場競爭的行為。我們應從行政壟斷的主體、性質、與宏觀經濟調控的本質區別、法律豁免等方面綜合理解其概念。
  7. To promote our state - owned enterprise to reform and develop actively through setting up the modern enterprise system ; in addition, share system is an inevitable tendency of enterprise reform. to speed the adjustment and the reform of the ownership system in order to set up a system which include many ownerships circling on the public ownership. to open market further, build and better market system into a unifying, fairly competitive and orderly standard way

    本文認為要做到以下幾個的制度創新：依靠改革拉動投資；依靠改革創造需求；積極推動國企改革與發展，建立現代企業制度，並按股份制的要求對國有企業進行產權改革；加快所有制結構調整和改革，建立和完善以公有制為主體，多種所有制並存的制度；進一步開放市場，建立和完善全國統一、公平競爭、規范有序的市場體系：加強和改善宏觀調控；建立符合國際規范的經濟貿易體制和靈活的宏觀經濟管理機制，為加入wto做好制度準備。
  8. In addition, appropriate measures such as promoting barrier free facilities should also be taken to ensure that the environment is conducive to their full participation in economic activities of the community. our goal is to enable them find jobs on their own merits and ability, and on an equal opportunity basis, rather than relying on a system which is built on pity of the employers andor statutory measures

    此外，亦會採取適當措施倡導無障礙工作環境，方便殘疾人士全面參與社會經濟活動，目的是使他們靠本身的優點和才幹，在平等機會的基礎上找工作，而不是依賴一個出於僱主憐憫及法定措施的制度。
  9. Making definite the difference between financial credit and policy financial bank credit, the paper gives some definitions for the system of agricultural policy finance. agricultural policy finance is defined as some financial serving for some special agricultural economic fields that are difficult to get loans from commercial or cooperative financial " institutions, and its loan rates1 are lower than others

    為了明確國家財政信用與政策性金融銀行信用的區別，本文重新定義農業政策性金融體制的相關概念，認為農業政策性金融是為難以得到商業性或合作性金融機構信貸資金支持的農業經濟活動提供低於市場貸款利率的貸款等項目的金融服務。
  10. The major subjects of the spatial economics are studying the spatial distributions of economic activities, investigating those factors and mechanism determining the spatial style of economic activities, and reintroducing the spatial factor neglected by the mainstream economics for a long period into the general equilibrium frame

    摘要空間經濟學把主流經濟學長期忽視的空間要素重新納入到一般均衡的分析框架中，探討經濟活動的空間模式以及決定經濟活動空間模式的因素與機制，並通過經濟活動的空間過程來解釋經濟增長。
  11. For so, it contributed to the following : 1. first of all, analyzing and considering the " limited rational " and incomplete competing market, etc, is the premise and condition of the study of enterprise institution innovation system

    認為「有限理性」和非完全競爭市場、機會主義和交易費用、資源稀缺和經濟活動的主客觀相結合、企業追求剩餘和企業的現實異質性是研究企業制度創新體系的前提和條件。
  12. With the accelerate impelling of the economy globalization and the tide of the revolution of the new technology in the step - term of the 20 century, the cluster mode and the mechanism of the new times different from the tradition cluster. and cluster is a kind of spatial phenomena of the typical economy function that is one of the most important contents that studied by economists and geographers

    20世紀後期，隨著經濟全球化和新技術革命浪潮的加速推進，新時期的企業集聚方式和動力機制，與傳統意義上的集聚有了很大不同，而企業集群作為一種典型的經濟活動空間現象便成為了經濟學家和地理學家們研究的重要內容之一。
  13. Based on the knowledge specifying and co - ordination between economic entities, through analyzing the essential character and relationship between knowledge, chapter three analyzes relative factors that affecting the synergy between knowledge, and then provides a two - dimension ' s knowledge mechanism based on the character of knowledge transferable and complementary, and the corresponding knowledge - based governance structure. this study points out the shortage of traditional governance structure, explains the significant meaning of knowledge - based governance structure to analyzing parent - subsidiary corporation

    第三章以經濟活動主體間的知識分工和協調關系為前提，從研究知識的本質特性和知識間的相互關系入手，分析了影響知識協調的相關因素，在此基礎上提出了以知識的可轉移性和知識的互補性為二個基本維度的知識協調機制和相應的基於知識的規制結構，指出了傳統的規制結構的不足之處，並闡述了基於知識的規制結構對于分析母子公司關系的重要意義。
  14. In the structural transformation of the public sphere ( 1961 ), habermas analyzes in detail the process of bourgeois public sphere gaining political functions, and discusses its practical significance ; ( 1 ) instead of using violence, we can solve political problems through reason, and achieve rationalization of political and economical activities through the rationalization of communication ; ( 2 ) it endows self - regulatory mechanism of civil society with regularized status, and realizes a kind of state power adapting to civil society through publicity

    在《公共領域的結構轉型》一書中，哈貝馬斯詳盡分析了市民階級公共領域獲得政治功能的歷史進程，並據此論述了市民階級公共領域之政治功能所具有的實踐意義：它保證理性地解決政治問題，而不再訴諸赤裸裸的暴力，以社會交往的理性化促成了社會的政治經濟活動的理性化；它賦予市民社會自我調節機制以規范化了的地位，並以自身堅持的公共性原則，成就了一種適合市民社會需要的國家權力。
  15. Internal auditing is a behavior led by major principals or authorities, undertaken by an independent auditing agency and professional auditors, under related regulations and system, adopted by certain methods and procedures to supervise and evaluate the authenticity, validity and benefit of fiscal, financing and economic activities of an enterprise and its affiliated organizations

    內部審計是在本單位主要負責人或者權力機構的領導下，由單位內部設置的獨立審計機構和配備的專職審計人員，根據有關法規、制度，採用一定的程序和方法，獨立監督和評價本單位及所屬單位財政收支、財務收支、經濟活動的真實、合法和效益的行為。
  16. At the same time, it takes effect in accelerating functional transformation of superintendent departments and breaking away from the direct control and the participation of microeconomic activity. the trade has not provided the systematic management model and method accepted by the mass and still not has the ability to compete with the project cost consultation companies from overseas because of the developing trade the low level of management and the narrow operation areas

    對促進建設行政主管部門職能轉變，擺脫對于微觀經濟活動直接的控制和參與有重要的意義。由於工程造價咨詢業剛剛形成，工程造價咨詢機構管理水平低，業務范圍窄，尚沒有形成行業內普遍認可的系統管理模式和方法，難以與境外的工程造價咨詢機構相競爭。
  17. Eso, which forms shape originally in the u. s. as an incentive system, have been widely used in western countries. relevant statistical data show that at least 89 % enterprises of 500 largest industrial enterprises have pratised eso. in 1993, eso was introduced into china. different from western countries, our countries lack of complete relevant legal system. on one hand, the present legal system has been great barriers to eso. performing eso system seems to be against chinese law, on the other hand, because of those barriers eso is forced to change and degrade into restrictive system. in order to perform eso well, elimination of legal barriers is quite necessary. as basic form of law of state intervention in economy economy law is responsive to perfect eso legal system of our country

    具體而言，法律是社會關系的調節器，具有相應的法律效力，影響經濟生活的方方面面，制約著人們的經濟活動；同時，作為建立在經濟基礎之上的上層建築，法律必須要與經濟基礎相適應，經濟基礎的變化最終將引發法律的制度變革。由此可知，一國法制的完善也不能脫離相關的經濟環境。股票期權，是一種新型的激勵機制，能夠有效的實現對企業員工的長期激勵，在我國內外都有了相當的發展。
  18. Because the unreasonable system increases and consumes the huge cost in enterprise ' s economic activity, this essay applies to the theory of new system economics to analyze the evolution that the market main body takes place during the process of finding the new demand and new useful resource. around reducing trade cost it also analyses to improve private enterprise system environment and set up science rational modern enterprise system to develop the potentiality of private economy and make more contribution for the economic construction of our country

    由於不合理的制度增加耗費企業經濟活動中的巨額成本，本文針對我國私營企業靈活的機制和追求利潤的市場主體特徵，運用新制度經濟學的理論，分析市場主體在發現新需求和新的有用資源的過程中所發生的演化和經濟增長過程，圍繞降低交易成本展開分析如何來實現制度創新，改善我國私營企業發展的制度環境和建立更加科學合理的現代企業制度，適應社會經濟發展的趨勢，使私營經濟的潛力得到更好的發揮，為我國的經濟建設做出更多的貢獻。
  19. To add " the economic activities of hong kong are getting busier by the day and its population keeps growing, and " after " that, as " ; to add " generated " after " amount of waste " ; to add " and trades " after " development of environmental industries " ; to add " and trades " after " comprehensive policy on environmental industries " ; to add " and principles such as polluter - pays to reduce waste generation and increase incentive to recover waste and, at the same time, studying the feasibility of restricting the disposal of toxic waste in landfills, so as " after " producer responsibility scheme " ; to add " the source separation of domestic waste programme as well as " after " comprehensively implementing " ; to add " as well as separation " after " recovery stations " ; to delete " and " after " green procurement policy " and substitute with ", " ; to add " and strongly urging public and private organizations to develop green procurement guidelines " after " to comply with it " ; to add " and labelling " after " green certification " ; to add " as well as establishing a database " after " products and services " ; to add " expediting the tendering exercise for the remaining lots in phase i of the ecopark and expeditiously drawing up a timetable for the granting of lots in phase ii in order to develop high value - added environmental industries ; " after " ; to delete " and " after " related work ; " and substitute with " reviewing the existing legislation regulating environmental industries and trades and actively studying the feasibility of implementing a licensing regime for certain environmental industries and trades, in order to enable a healthy development of such enterprises and, at the same time, avoid causing unnecessary damage to the natural environment and nuisances to the residents in the vicinity ; and " ; to delete the original " and substitute with " ; to add " and trades " after " participate in those environmental industries " ; and to add " and trades " after " promoting the economic development of environmental industries "

    在"鑒于"之後加上"香港經濟活動日益頻繁和人口持續增加， "在"本港廢物"之後加上"產生"在"構成環保工業"之後加上"和行業"在"政府為環保工業"之後加上"和行業"在"生產者責任制"之後刪除" ，以" ，並以"和污染者自付等原則，以減少產生廢物和增強廢物回收意欲，同時研究限制將有毒廢物棄置在堆填區的可行性，從而"代替在"全面推行"之後加上"家居廢物源頭分類計劃和"在"廢物回收點"之後加上"分類"在"遵守， "之後加上"力促各公營和私營機構訂立環保采購指引， "在"環保認證"之後加上"和標簽"在"制度， "之後加上"以及建立資料庫， "在"六"之後加上"加快進行環保園第一期餘下土地的招標工作和盡快制訂第二期計劃的批地時間表，以發展高增值的環保工業"在"相關工作"之後刪除"及" ，並以"七檢討現行規管環保工業和行業的法例，積極研究對某些環保工業和行業實施發牌制度的可行性，令該等企業得以健康發展，同時避免對自然環境帶來不必要破壞和對附近居民造成滋擾及"代替刪除原有的"七" ，並以"八"代替在"具前景的環保工業"之後加上"和行業"及在"推動環保工業"之後加上"和行業" 。
  20. The article, based an the research on the nature and history of shareholder ' s representative action system ( sras ), tried to explain the meaning and the function of sars, announces the legal principle or system, describes the right of that, thus demonstrates how to make the sars be the supervision and condition system of limited liability company on the basis of china ' s situation and the experience of other countries, improve civil action, promote the economic activities in good order

    本文從法律角度，通過對股東代表訴訟制度的性質、歷史沿革的研究，指明了股東代表訴訟的意義和作用，揭示了其發揮作用的法理或機制，論述了股東訴訟代表提起權以及股東代表訴訟提起程序，從而指明了股東代表訴訟如何立足我國實際並借鑒各國有益經驗，成為加強股份有限公司的監督制約機制，完善民事訴訟，促進社會經濟活動向有序化方向發展的一種制度。
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