自仲作 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zìzhòngzuò]
自仲作
英文
autonomous operation-
A detailed comparison from both textual and technical angles shows that the rigui tufa ( the drawings and methods of sundials ) by didace de pantoja and sun yuanhua contains basically the same content as both the first part of lu zhongyu ' s manuscript on sundials and johann adam schall von bell ' s and zhu que ' s book with the same title, which in turn are both arguably written by pantoja and sun
摘要文本和技術兩方面的細致比較表明，龐迪我和孫元化的《日晷圖法》與陸仲玉日晷著作抄本的第一部分以及湯若望和朱確的同名著作內容基本相同，可以認為它們均出自龐迪我和孫元化的手筆。In addition a code violation for unsportsmanlike conduct can be given if the referee ( or assistant ) is sure that the player is blatantly calling incorrectly
另外，仲裁人員可以對球員的防礙比賽行為作出沒有運動員風格的判罰如果仲裁人（或者助理）確信球員在有意的進行對自己有利的判罰時。Article 44 if the parties reach an amicable settlement agreement by themselves, they may either request the arbitration tribunal to conclude the case by making an award in accordance with the contents of their amicable settlement agreement, or request a dismissal of the case
第四十四條當事人在仲裁庭之外自行達成和解的，可以請求仲裁庭根據其和解協議的內容作出裁決書結案，也可以申請撤銷案件。Commercial arbitration ( ca ), as a substitute of litigation, is a way of solving the commercial disputation and controversies. it is a system to solve the controversies between the parties concerned and ensure the relation of right and obligation of the parties concerned when both parties have commercial controversies. if so, according to the agreements established by both parties, they volunteer to give the commercial controversies to the third party for a promissory adjudication
商事仲裁是解決商事糾紛爭議的一種方式，是與訴訟比肩而立的替代性糾紛解決方式，是發生商事爭議的當事人雙方根據協議，自願將商事爭議提交第三方作出有約束力的裁決，以解決當事人之間的爭議，確定當事人的權利義務關系的制度。Arbitrators are not necessarily bound by a particular domestic law. this is self - evident if they are authorised by the parties to act as amiable compositeurs or ex aequo et bono
仲裁員不必受某一特定的國內法約束，如果當事人授權仲裁員作為一個友好的組織者公正地行事，這一點就不言自明。The main types of college teachers ’ appointment contract include : the college teachers ’ of the fixed deadline, the college teachers ’ appointment contract of the deadline to complete the certain work, and the college teachers ’ appointment contract of the special attendance, and also we can get another two types of college teachers ’ appointment contract, which are individual college teachers ’ appointment contract and collective college teachers ’ appointment contract, according to the number of people in one party ; they must be work out by the strict written form, and must pass through the offer and the acceptance step, and don ’ t acknowledge the legal effect of the factual appointment contract ; after the appointment contract becomes effective, the higher college as the appointed party and the teacher as engaged party should completely fulfill the right and obligation provisions in the contract under the instructions of the three principles : fulfill personally, comprehensively, cooperatively. in which, the teachers ’ rights and obligations include : enjoy and undertake the rights and obligations as the specialist engaged in education, teaching and the scientific research ; may change or terminate the contract on the basis of the bilateral consultation, but dismissal and resignation must conform to the agreement or the legal matter ; in the liabilities for breach the contract, be headed by the practical fulfillment, including other two remedial way which are damage compensation and penalty ; in the dispute solution, must establish the perfect concrete mediation system, the arbitration and the civil lawsuit system
高校教師聘任合同主要類型為固定期限的高校教師聘任合同、以完成一定工作為期限的高校教師聘任合同和特殊照顧的高校教師聘任合同，也可依據合同當事人一方人數的多寡不同，也可將個人高校教師聘任合同和集體高校教師聘任合同;其應當以嚴格的書面形式訂立，須經過要約、承諾步驟，且不應當承認事實聘任合同的法律效力;聘任合同生效后，作為聘任方的高等學校和受聘方的教師應當在親自履行、全面履行和協作履行三大原則的指導下完全履行合同中所約定的權利義務條款，其中教師的權利義務內容包括作為一般公民和作為從事教育教學及其科研活動的專業人員所應享有或者承擔的權利義務;經過雙方的協商可以變更或者終止合同，但解聘和辭聘必須符合約定或者法定的事由;在違約責任形式上，應當確立以實際履行為首，包括損害賠償、違約金等三種補救方式;在爭議解決方式上應當建立健全具體的調解制度、仲裁和民事訴訟制度。To resolve the conflicts of laws certain rules are developed, among which, the rule of party autonomy, the rule of closest connection are commonly used. the jurisdiction clause and arbitration clause in bill of lading also have great impact on the proper law of the bill of lading
在解決國際海上貨物運輸合同法律沖突的實踐中，沖突規范發展至今並得到普遍適用的原則有當事人意思自治原則、最密切聯系原則等，並且合同管轄權條款和仲裁條款對合同準據法的確定也具有重要作用。However, the arbitration system in china has not well developed since it is still at its beginning stage of development, and a series of supervision and administration systems have not been established
但是，由於仲裁法律制度是一項嶄新的法律制度，仲裁機構尚處于創業和初級發展階段，作為仲裁機構自律組織的中國仲裁協會尚未成立，相應的監督管理制度盡管逐步建立進來，但是還不夠完善。The development of arbitration undertakings depends on whether the parties concerned are willing to bring their case to arbitration, on the credibility of arbitration institutions, and, in the final analysis, on whether we can select and appoint arbitrators from all trades and industries who are able to deal with a variety of civil and commercial disputes
本文主要就仲裁員的選聘這個仲裁員隊伍建設中的重要問題，即仲裁員的性質、仲裁員應當具備的資格條件，仲裁員在履行仲裁職權時的自律性規范、仲裁員的考核以及優勝劣汰等問題作了分析研究。Although there may be doubts as to whether the appointed engineer will be truly able to act impartially when making pre - arbitral decisions, because he is paid by the employer and because he may be influenced by any shortcomings in his own administration of the contract, these doubts might be lessened by ensuring that pre - arbitral decisions are only made by senior members of the engineer ' s staff who are not otherwise involved in the contract
由於被指派的工程師是由業主付薪，由於他還可能會受到自己在合同管理時所發生的錯誤的影響，所以在進行預仲裁決定時，他能否做到公正仲裁令人懷疑，但如果確保預仲裁只能由工程師工作人員中與合同沒有任何聯系的資深成員做出，就可減輕這種疑慮。Those who regard foreign capital as the enterprise is medium honest stuff, also answer to take legal weapon bravely, through talking things over, arbitral, sue wait for legal measure, the legitimate rights and interests of defend oneself
作為外資企業的中方員工，也應勇敢地拿起法律的武器，通過協商、仲裁、起訴等法律手段，捍衛自身的合法權益。Now with rpgt waiver, more people would want to buy properties for investment and take the waiver of rpgt to trade on properties. however, we foreseen the return of speculative property investors would lead to a vibrant property market
房地產仲介服務主要是為城市居民所設，城市人忙於工作無暇自行處理房屋買賣活動，或是基於保密理由，而尋找房地產中介的協助，進行房地產投資，以及買賣交易。On the other hand, the writer emphasized that arbitration institutions should, in the light of the actual demands arising from the development of market economy, attach great importance to the optimization of arbitrators " profession structure, and to the selection and appointment of professionals as arbitrators who meet the needs of new situations. moreover, the writer has also discussed the establishment of chief arbitrators system, the training of arbitrators and other relevant issues. it is unavoidable that arbitrators are influenced, or even interfered, by various external factors during their fulfillment of responsibility
關于考核的標準，筆者認為，目前仲裁機構之所以受理案件數量不多，仲裁法律制度的作用發揮得不充分，社會影響不大，除了市場主體的仲裁意識落後于仲裁製度外，一個重要原因就是仲裁的特色不夠突出，優勢不明顯，因此應當制定仲裁員個案目標量化考核標準，提出把仲裁案件的快速結案率、自願和解調解率和裁決自動履行率作為考核仲裁員的標準，以突出仲裁製度的特色。An international commercial arbitration agreement not only establishes the jurisdiction of arbitration, but also denies the appealing right of the parties and the jurisdiction of the courts, which is the fundamental principle of establishment of jurisdiction of arbitration
仲裁協議作為一種實質上的合同形式，將當事人自願將爭議提交仲裁的合意客觀化、明確化，為仲裁庭取得仲裁管轄權提供了最根本的保障。Since the implementation of the arbitration law in 1995, arbitration institutions in china have improved their measures for the supervision and administration of arbitrators and their staff members in fulfilling the arbitration responsibility according to law. arbitration activities have been regulated and standardized step by step. all these measures have played an active role in ensuring that cases are settled impartially and arbitrators are clean, honesty and self - disciplined, which has made a good pavement for the development of arbitration undertakings in china
我國仲裁法自1995年實施以來，為確保仲裁質量，許多仲裁機構根據實際，積極總結仲裁實踐經驗，探索仲裁發展規律，依法制定了仲裁規則、仲裁員聘用管理辦法、仲裁員守則或者仲裁員仲裁行為基本準則、仲裁員辦案規范等內部制度措施，對選聘出高素質的仲裁員，規范仲裁員履行仲裁職權，促進公正辦案、廉潔自律起到了積極作用，為仲裁事業的快速健康發展打下了良好的基礎。Then, the paper demonstrates the reasonability of the pattern of court - annexed mediation - arbitration from the four aspects : mediation and arbitration have the same theoretical basis : they are engaged in the function of coordinating party autonomy and the function of judgment by the third party ; they are beneficial to coordinate the conflict between substantial justice and procedure justice, and they can take use of mediation and arbitration in our country at the same time
文章首先對國內學者提出的幾種方案作一評析，然後從調解和仲裁有共同的法理基礎、致力於協調當事人意思自治與第三者判斷功能的沖突、有利於協調實體公正和程序公正的沖突、是對我國凋解和仲裁資源的雙重利用等四個方面來論證法院附設調解? ?仲裁這種模式的合理性。分享友人