自底向上推理 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [dexiàngshàngtuī]
自底向上推理 英文
bottom up reasoning
  • : Ⅰ代詞(自己) self; oneself; one s own Ⅱ副詞(自然;當然) certainly; of course; naturally; willin...
  • : 底助詞(用在定語后, 表示定語和中心詞之間是領屬關系, 現在多寫作「的」)
  • : 上名詞[語言學] (指上聲) falling-rising tone
  • : 動詞1 (向外用力使物體移動) push; shove 2 (磨或碾) turn a mill or grindstone; grind 3 (剪或削...
  • : Ⅰ名詞1 (物質組織的條紋) texture; grain (in wood skin etc ) 2 (道理;事理) reason; logic; tru...
  • 推理 : [邏輯學] inference; ratiocination; illation; reasoning; ratiocinate
  1. Bottom - up reasoning

    自底向上推理
  2. It emphasize in the macro view that we should enhance the lawmaking, develop association about engineering cost management, and broaden the service field of the organization on engineering cost consultation etc. from the micro view, considering that the architecture ' s price may be totally formed by the market and it may connect with international tradition, we discussed how to ferry stream from quota price to bill - quantity price, how to ferry stream from government making - price to enterprise free making - price. also we discussed how to compile bill - of - quantity, how to determine price of bidding strategies of bidding and how to quote price under the bill - of - quantity model. study of a certain reasonable low price, problems and countermeasures of the lowest bid approach in making bid and inviting bid has been discussed too

    強調:宏觀,工程造價管要加強立法、加強工程造價管協會的建設、拓寬工程造價咨詢機構的服務面等;微觀,針對建築產品價格完全由市場形成及與國際慣例接軌的要求,討論在剛剛開始行工程量清單計價模式下,如何使定額計價工程量清單計價過渡,建築產品如何由政府定價企業主定價過渡,以及工程量清單編制、標價格的確定、施工企業的投標報價;研究在工程招投標過程中, 「合低價」的確定方法,無標招標可能出現的問題及對策;最後提出費用組成及計價方式的改革,使得工程造價更符合工程的實際情況,更有利於企業間的競爭。
分享友人