致偏效應 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhìpiānxiàoyīng]
致偏效應 英文
deflecting effect
  • 致 : Ⅰ動詞1 （給與;向對方表示禮節、情意等） deliver; send; extend 2 （集中於某個方面） devote （one s ...
  • 偏 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （不正; 歪斜） inclined to one side; slanting; leaning 2 （只側重一面） partial; prejudi...
  • 效 : Ⅰ名詞（效果; 功用） effect; efficiency; result Ⅱ動詞1 （仿效） imitate; follow the example of 2 ...
  • 應 : 應動詞1 （回答） answer; respond to; echo 2 （滿足要求） comply with; grant 3 （順應; 適應） suit...
  • 效應 : [物理學] effect; action; influence
  1. Part iiilegal issues upon the reform of toll and tax in countryside this part is concentrated to show six problems that the reform of toll and tax in countryside is to be up against and is to be peremptorily settled as following : the first one, in the confirming of agricultural tax, it is very difficult to protect the farmer ' s rights fairly because of unscientific of the evidence at assessment, highly of tax rate, and the absence of law and statute correlatively ; the second one, on the tax levying, there lack of legal systems that is to supervise and run, especially lack of law and statute which lead to collect agricultural special tax canonically ; the third one, the reform of toll and tax in countryside extrudes unbalance burden among farmers and countries, and lead to unevenly between subject of tax payment, which breaches the legal rule of balanceable tax ; the fourth one, the reform of toll and tax in countryside faces the danger that farmers " burden tends to rebound because of weakly carry through legal rule on tax statutory and absent of law and statute correlatively ; the fifth one, the reform of toll and tax in countryside affects the finance and revenue - expenditure auditing of the grass roots and father affects the grass roots to raise fee upon public construction and education, as a result, there ' s more charge that is out of law, the monocracy of grass roots " finance ought to be carry out ; the sixth one, legal measures connect with the reform of toll and tax in countryside in dire need of to be built, which mainly conclude legal system that adjust country social security, country compulsory education and country debt

    第三部分? ?農村稅費改革的法律課題集中展示了農村稅費改革所面臨且亟待解決的六大法律問題。即：其一，在確定農業稅上，計稅依據不科學、稅率偏高、相關法律規范缺失，無法平等保護農民的合法權益；其二，在農村稅收的徵收上，缺乏行之有效的法律監督和運行機制，尤其是農業特產稅的徵收缺乏保障據實徵收的法律規范;其三，稅費改革凸顯農民之間、農村之間的負擔不均，使納稅主體的權利義務失衡，有悖稅負均衡的法律原則;其四，由於稅收法定主義沒有得到有效貫徹，規制農民負擔反彈方面的法律法規缺位，致使農村稅費改革潛伏著農民負擔反彈的風險;其五，稅費改革影響基層組織的財政收支，進而影響鄉村公益事業建設及教育經費的籌措，引發稅外亂收費沉渣泛起，基層財政體製法治化勢在必行;其六，與稅費改革相關的配套法律措施巫待構建，主要是農村社會保障法律體系、鄉村義務教育和鄉村債務疏導的法律支撐魚待構建與完善。第四部分一一農村稅費改革與相關法律制度的構建基於上一部分提出的法律問題，力圖構築農村稅費改革的法律框架並提出相應對策。
  2. In market economy, the excessive broadening of income disparity will necessarily reduce the investment multiplicator effect, speed up the process of capital deepening, and cause deficiency in the formation of human capital, thus discounting the economic efficiency and the social benefits of investment, and blocking the effective growth of the economy

    在市場經濟中，收入差距的過度擴大必然降低投資的乘數效應，導致投資結構選擇的偏差，加速資本深化的進程，並造成人力資本形成的不足，從而降低投資的經濟效率和社會效益，阻礙經濟的有效增長。
  3. Psychological biases such as these will mislead investors to a series of systematic biases in their decision making : overreaction, under - reaction, confirmation biases and disposition utility, etc. overreaction denotes that investors may understand and react to the information in a biased way, and thus overweighting and overreacting with the information

    這些心理偏差將導致投資者決策時產生一系列行為偏差:如反應過度與反應不足、確認性偏差以及處置效用。反應過度描述的是投資者對信息理解和反應上會出現非理性偏差，從而產生對信息權衡過重，行為過激的現象。
  4. The parameters contain impulse noise, memory effect, scan correlated shift, coherent noise, random noise, dropped lines, inoperable detectors, saturated detectors, mtf, system resolution

    輻射性能參數包括脈沖噪聲、記憶效應、掃描相關偏移、一致噪聲、隨機噪聲、丟失行、不可操作探測器、飽和探測器、調制傳遞函數、系統解析度。
  5. The degradation of the electrical characteristics in sic pn junctions irradiated by neutron is attributed to the recombination centers and the electric field effect on the thermal emission of traps within the depletion region. the relationship of the ideality factor to the applied voltage is theoretically studied

    提出了中子輻照下sicpn結電特性退化的新的理論， pn結耗盡區中的輻照陷階在耗盡區電場的作用下熱發射效應得到加強，從而導致pn結正偏和反偏時的復合電流和產生電流的改變。
  6. Poly ( vinylidene fluoride ) ( pvdf ) hollow - fiber porous membranes have excellent performances. but adsorption fouling will still be created on the hydrophobic surface when the membranes are used in aqueous solution separation systems. this can cause the decrease of the permeate flux and separation efficiency, thus the applications of the membranes are limited

    聚偏氟乙烯（ pvdf ）中空纖維多孔膜具有優良的性能，然而由於其表面的疏水性，在用於水相體系分離時，仍會產生吸附污染，導致膜通量和分離效率下降，應用范圍受到限制。
  7. Account for the high electrical field induced from the high applied voltage relative to small dimension device, the mechanism of hot - carrier generation is analysed, the si - h bond broken model for hot - carrier injection and interface states generation is deduced and the substrate current model is developed

    基於mosfet偏壓不能按比例縮小所導致的高電場，對mosfet的熱載流子產生機理進行了分析，導出了熱載流子注入所引起的界面態的si - h健斷裂模型，並建立了表徵器件熱載流子效應的襯底電流模型。
  8. However, once we take all - sided and impersonal view over the housing finance, we will definitely realize the conflict between the high speed and the low efficiency of it. in this paper, it ' s analyzed that there ' re five factors affecting the efficiency of housing finance, based on the basic situation of china as a developing country and according to some related theories of the western economics. the first one is the dual - track interest rate which presumes that price of housing credit financing is under the control of government to a certain extent, and the rest is open

    因此，本文從我國作為一個發展中國家? ?這一基本國情出發，以西方經濟學中有關理論為依據，分析影響我國住房金融效率的因素主要包括：利率雙軌，即一部分住房信貸資金價格受到政府的管制，而另一部分住房信貸資金價格則是開放的；住房金融機構產權不清，特別是政策性住房金融機構產權不清而導致金融創新動力不足，金融工具品種單一，不能滿足居民需求多樣化的要求；住房信貸中由於較高的交易費用，而使內耗偏高、效率降低；住房金融機構不健全，既不存在真正的住房金融機構又缺乏相應的擔保機構；此外，住房金融中融資機制不完備，長期信貸資金來源不足與資產負債的期限結構不匹配也是影響住房金融效率的一個主要因素。
  9. During this time, researches on big business almost developed along two roads : one is the theory of industrial organization in western economics, which focuses on applying " structure - conduct - performance " mode to studying the formation and development of big business ; the other is the theory of capital concentration in marxism, which profoundly analyzes that in competition the motivation of pursuing surplus value drives enterprises to expand, and finally the general rule that competition results in concentration which further results in monopolistic large firms is drawn

    這期間，對大企業的研究基本上是沿著兩個理論範式發展的。一個是西方經濟學中的產業組織理論，偏向于應用市場結構-行為-績效的分析範式來研究大企業的形成和發展特點；另一個是馬克思主義經濟學中的資本集中理論，深刻分析了在競爭條件下，追逐剩餘價值是刺激企業不斷擴張的動力機制，從而進一步揭示出競爭引起生產和資本的集中，集中又將導致壟斷大企業產生的一般規律。
  10. The optical activity resulting from the anisotropic attenuation of different linearly polarized light is considered, and the attenuation of linearly polarized light lies in the light reflection on the interface and the absorption in the er fluids

    考慮了電場作用下各向異性電流變液對入射線偏振光矢量不同振動方向的衰減不同而引起的旋光效應（電致旋光效應） 。
  11. The estimation of additive and dominance effects through qtl analysis by one - dimensional search while ignoring epistases showed similar accuracy to that by two - dimensional search by including epistases. existence of epistases could decrease the precision for the estimation of additive and dominance effects. the estimation of genetic main effects would be biased if ignoring the interaction effects of qtl x environment ( qe )

    忽略上位性效應的一維搜索qtl分析對加性效應和顯性效應的估計精度與包括上位性的兩維搜索qtl分析對這兩種效應的估計精度相差不大，上位性的存在可能會降低對這兩種效應估計的精度；忽略qtl環境（ qe ）互作效應會導致對遺傳主效應的有偏估計，而包括qe互作效應的多環境聯合分析能夠提高對遺傳主效應的估計精度。
  12. The retaining wall reclining on the slight slope built on soft foundation is usually used in protecting the shore of river, the contradiction between the lack of impartiality in stress of the base and the small stress allowed by the foundation as well as the lack of stabilization of the breast wall is a hard nut to crack in the engineering. in the paper, a tenon - base is added under the base of the retaining wall, on the study of the choice of the parameters and formulas used in calculation and the research of theory used in calculation, method used to deal with the load, etc, the writer gives a way to crack the nut mentioned above paragraphs and presents a qualitative and quantitative analysis about them, such as the equivalent inner friction - angle ( d ) and the passive press of the clay ( ep ), etc. in the end of the paper, using modern optimization method, a design of the retaining wall reclining on the slight slope built on soft foundation is done, the result is economical, and accords with the fact

    軟基上的仰斜式擋土墻在水利工程河道護岸中經常遇到，仰斜式擋土墻基底偏心應力較大和軟基土地基容許承載力偏小的矛盾以及擋土墻抗滑穩定不足是工程中難以解決的難題。本文在對仰斜式擋土墻設計中有關計算參數的選擇、公式的選用應該注意的問題進行了研究，對河道護岸軟基礎上的仰斜式擋土墻採用凸榫基礎處理的方法，就其計算理論、設計驗算中各荷載的具體處理方法進行了較為細致的研究，提出了解決軟基礎上的水工仰斜式擋土墻難以解決的難題的方法，並對有水情況下粘土等效內摩擦角_ d 、凸榫被動土壓力e _ p等在計算中的取值提出了定性和定量的分析。最後利用現代優化方法對軟基礎上的水工仰斜式擋土墻進行了結構優化設計，得出了符合實際的結果，與其它重力式擋土墻形式進行比較，取得了明顯的經濟效益。
  13. In succession, by the character of supply and demand in the market economy, the price of the house will change if the current vacancy rate does n ' t equal the natural vacancy rate. the theoretical model of seeking for the natural vacancy rate is discussed in this study. according to the current too high vacancy rate, the paper gives the corresponding solution. the government can control the general quantity of supply, real estate company can optimize the operation to maintain the effective supply, financial organization can support the development, an d the consumption of the house to adjust the proportion of the supply and demand

    本文首先對我國當前住宅空置率現狀及影響做出分析，探討住宅空置產生的原因；進而通過實際空置率和合理空置率不一致時將帶來價格的變化這一市場經濟中的供求特點，探討求解合理空置率的理論模型；針對我國當前空置率偏高的現狀，給出相應的解決途徑：如政府通過宏觀調控控制供應量，開發企業通過自身的經營優化保障有效供給、減少空置，金融機構通過對商品住宅的生產面和消費面的共同支持調節供給與需求之間的均衡。
  14. Based on the viewpoint of interaction between waves in plasmas, the partial differential equation that causes the spectral lines broadening has been deduced from radiation transfer equation of high - frequency electromagnetic waves in plasmas. the numerical solution has been obtained by using the fortran program we compiled. we concretely calculated the spectral lines widths of and fraunhoferx 3704 in corona, fj / a4923. 9 in dwarf nova oy car and f. / a4934 in the variable star rr lyrae

    本文從等離子體波與波相互作用觀點出發，由高頻電磁波輻射轉移方程導出了引起譜線寬度變化的偏微分方程，編寫fortran程序求解偏微分方程的數值解，具體計算了日冕綠線f _ exiv 5303和夫朗禾費線3704 、矮新星oycarf _ eii 4923 . 9 、天琴rr型變星f _ ei 4934的譜線加寬值，對以上各譜線加寬中的等離子體致寬效應作了初步計算。
  15. Because of last a century industry revolution is with the technology creative since behave type history precept for educating the glorious material civilization of with spiritual civilization, again making the nature ecosystem the environment suffering the bigness wound ; face with the large quantity that economic development mode consume the nature resources, break the ecosystem environment to price to give the our country small town developments of a nice bit of inside the negative influence that bring before, if over - emphasize in the moment economic " performance ", the regardless of farsighted ecosystem is equilibrium, and escape from to be the ground seriously economy, culture foundation with same mode of term, blindness mimicry of nature geography, because of but cause the native special features and traditional culture to lose, image one, thousand an etc. of cities ; with the same mode of term, blindness mimicry of nature geography, because of but cause the native special features and traditional culture to lose, image one, thousand an etc. of cities ; people who reply 21 century pursue the whole body heart the health the life style that develop relation towards publicly exist with movable environment request more and more of high and rigorous challenge, this lesson " inside small town environment design way of thinking research ", then " insist put can into practice keep on develop strategy, exactitude handle economy with population, resources, environment, improvement ecosystem environment with beautify to live the environment, improvement public facilities is with the social welfare facilities. found to produce the development hard, life wealthy with the leading that the good civilization of ecosystem develop the road " for total thought, then " unify programming, reasonable layout, is proper because of the ground system, each have special features, protect farmland, beautify environment, synthesize development, kit developments " for the basic way, regarding related research result of domestic and international expert ' s scholar as draw lessons from, then " create to set up clean, beautiful, quite and public environment, outstanding character image, expand the region ecosystem the vogue, and promote the economic society and environment can keep on developing, and realize the economy develop to win with environmental protection double " for design the target

    鑒于上一世紀產業革命和科技創新既為人類造就出輝煌物質文明和精神文明，又使自然生態環境遭受到巨大創傷的歷史教訓；面臨以往以大量消耗自然資源、破壞生態環境為代價的經濟發展模式給我國相當多的中小城鎮建設帶來的負面影響，如偏重眼前經濟「效益」 ，不顧長遠生態平衡，嚴重脫離當地經濟、文化基礎和自然地理條件，盲目模仿同一模式，因而導致本土特色與傳統文化喪失，形象單一，千城一面等；應對21世紀人們追求全身心健康發展的生活方式對公共生存與活動環境要求越來越高的嚴峻挑戰，本課題「中小城鎮環境設計思路研究」 ，以「堅持實施可持續發展戰略，正確處理經濟同人口、資源、環境的關系，改善生態環境和美化生活環境，改善公共設施和社會福利設施。努力開創生產發展、生活富裕和生態良好的文明發展道路」為總的指導思想，以「統一規劃、合理布局、因地制宜、各具特色、保護耕地、優化環境、綜合開發、配套建設」為根本方針，以國內外專家學者相關研究成果為借鑒，以「創建清潔、優美、寧靜的公共環境，突出個性形象，弘揚地域生態風尚，促進經濟社會與環境可持續發展，實現經濟發展與環境保護雙贏」為設計目標。並緊緊圍繞這一目標對中小城鎮的街區環境設計、建築特色設計、建築形象設計、自然環境設計、藝術形象設計、廣場景觀設計、住宅小區設計、生態環境設計、文化建設以及總體環境設計的定位等，展開了具體的思路研究與探討。
  16. On the following, on the basis of formulas given above, three kinds of effects due to ionosphere are presented : image shift due to group delay which was caused by the difference between the group velocity and the velocity of light in the ionosphere ; image distortion due to ionospheric dispersion which can create second phase error of lfm signals ; the last, the phase perturbation caused by the irregularities of the ionosphere can reduce the coherent length and affect azimuthal resolution

    文中主要研究了電離層的三種影響：信號經過電離層傳播的群延遲引起的成像偏移；電離層的色散效應給線性調頻信號帶來二次相位誤差，導致圖像退化、失真；以及電離層的閃爍、湍流等不規則性引起的信號相位起伏。在此基礎上，比較分析了不同波段、帶寬條件下電離層的影響。
  17. Chapter analyzes the causes of chinese financial risks in the present day in terms of the economic system, financial system, fiscal policies and the implementation of active fiscal policies. this article holds that factors contributing to the present chinese financial risks are of different types, including the transitory system risks due to incomplete readjustment in the reform of market economic system and the risks caused by the financial difficulties, deviation of effects of fiscal policies, misplacement of fiscal functions, and defects in t

    認為導致當前我國財政風險的因素是多方面的，既有經濟體制市場化改革尚未調整到位帶來的轉軌性體制風險；也有財政困難和財政體制轉換過程中，財政政策效應偏差、財政職能錯位以及財政管理制度的缺陷等方面的原因帶來的風險；特別實施積極的財政政策，財政赤字進一步擴大、國債增速過猛，給財政運行帶來風險，造成財政風險的進一步加劇。
  18. " tax - synergy " may affect the financial decisions of the firms so that investments are undertaken, which would not have been made without taxation. if asset reorganizations of other companies are favored, for example, the tax system is not neutral in this respect. one may call this the absence of " reorganization - neutrality " in the tax system

    反對給予稅收激勵政策的學者則認為，資產重組中的要約溢價主要來源於稅收節約，稅收引致的財務協同效應對公司投資決策產生影響，這種稅制的「缺乏中性」將導致私人收益和社會收益的偏離，產生效率損失。
  19. In this paper, an optimized design method is presented to deal with the edge field effect problem in the parallel - coupled microstrip bandpass filters

    摘要提出一種通過提升設計頻率來解決平行耦合微帶帶通濾波器中邊緣場效應導致的中心頻率偏移的方法。
  20. The infrared results showed that the ir characteristic value l080cm - lof cubic crystal sio, and the absorption peak 460cm - l of mgf, caused by the interaction between f - - mg ' + - p elastic vibration and photon radiation, appeared in the ir spectra. ellipsometric analysis showed that the typical absorption peaks 58lnm, 589nm and 606nm, resulting from the surface plasma resonance of cu panicles and reflecting the absorption on composite film system, appeared in the extinction coefficient k curves of cu ( voll5 % ) mgf, cu ( vol20 % ) mgf, and cu ( vol30 % ) mgf, cermet films, respectively. with the component of cu increasing, the peak site presented red shift, which was in accordance to the results of ultraviolet - visible spectra

    橢偏測試分析表明： cu （ vol15 ） mgf _ 2 、 cu （ vol20 ） mgf _ 2和cu （ vol30 ） mgf _ 2樣品的消光系數k曲線中出現了反映復合金屬陶瓷體系吸收的由cu金屬顆粒表面等離子體共振引起的吸收峰，峰位分別為581nm 、 589nm和606nm ，呈現紅移，這些與紫外-可見光譜測試結果相一致；此外， cu - mgf _ 2復合納米金屬陶瓷薄膜光學常數的實驗值與考慮尺寸效應修正過的mg理論值總體上符合得很好。
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