航海用海圖 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [hánghǎiyònghǎitú]
航海用海圖 英文
navigational chart
  • 航 : Ⅰ名詞（船） boat; shipⅡ動詞（航行） navigate （by water or air）; sail
  • 用 : Ⅰ動詞1 （使用） use; employ; apply 2 （多用於否定: 需要） need 3 （敬辭: 吃; 喝） eat; drink Ⅱ名...
  • 圖 : Ⅰ名詞1 （繪畫表現出的形象; 圖畫） picture; chart; drawing; map 2 （計劃） plan; scheme; attempt 3...
  • 航海 : voyage; navigation航海保障 navigation support; 航海標志 seamark; 航海表 nautical table; 航海導航 ...
  1. This thesis is planed to analyze and demonstrate this obligation in detail, and tries to clarify the issues below : 1, the differences in the obligation standards among the carrier, the common carrier and the bailee, and the differences in the obligation standards between care of cargo and making the ship seaworthy ; 2, combined with the cases and shipping practice, solving the problems which is produced in fulfilling the obligation ; 3, with the principle of law, analyzing the character of the responsibility which should assume when the care of cargo obligation is breached ; 4, introducing the provisions about care o f cargo obligation in preliminary draft instrument on the carriage of goods by sea and expressing my opinions

    本文擬對這一義務進行詳細的分析和論證，試圖闡明以下幾個方面的問題： 1 、承運人管貨義務所要求的「妥善和謹慎」的標準與公共承運人、託管人管貨義務的標準的區別，與承運人適航義務的標準「克盡職責」的區別； 2 、結合有關案例和航運實務，分析該條文字面所表述的管貨義務的各個環節在實際運用中的相關問題； 3 、從法理的角度分析違反管貨義務所應承擔的責任的性質； 4 、介紹正在制訂的《海上貨物運輸法》 （草案）中關于承運人管貨義務的規定，並提出自己的意見。
  2. To oversee all the details yourself in person ; to be at once pilot and captain, and owner and underwriter ; to buy and sell and keep the accounts ; to read every letter received, and write or read every letter sent ; to superintend the discharge of imports night and day ; to be upon many parts of the coast almost at the same time ? often the richest freight will be discharged upon a jersey shore ; ? to be your own telegraph, unweariedly sweeping the horizon, speaking all passing vessels bound coastwise ; to keep up a steady despatch of commodities, for the supply of such a distant and exorbitant market ; to keep yourself informed of the state of the markets, prospects of war and peace everywhere, and anticipate the tendencies of trade and civilization ? taking advantage of the results of all exploring expeditions, using new passages and all improvements in navigation ; ? charts to be studied, the position of reefs and new lights and buoys to be ascertained, and ever, and ever, the logarithmic tables to be corrected, for by the error of some calculator the vessel often splits upon a rock that should have reached a friendly pier ? there is the untold fate of la prouse ; ? universal science to be kept pace with, studying the lives of all great discoverers and navigators, great adventurers and merchants, from hanno and the phoenicians down to our day ; in fine, account of stock to be taken from time to time, to know how you stand

    親自照顧一切大小事務；兼任領航員與船長，業主與保險商；買進賣出又記賬；收到的信件每封都讀過，發出的信件每封都親自撰寫或審閱；日夜監督進口貨的卸落；幾乎在海岸上的許多地方，你都同時出現了似的； ? ?那裝貨最多的船總是在澤西岸上卸落的； ? ?自己還兼電報員，不知疲倦地發通訊到遠方去，和所有馳向海岸的船隻聯絡；穩當地售出貨物，供給遠方的一個無饜足的市場，既要熟悉行情，你還要明了各處的戰爭與和平的情況，預測貿易和文明的趨向； ? ?利用所有探險的成果，走最新的航道，利用一切航海技術上的進步； ? ?再要研究海圖，確定珊瑚礁和新的燈塔、浮標的位置，而航海圖表是永遠地改而又改，因為著計算上有了一點錯誤，船隻會沖撞在一塊巖石上而至於粉碎的，不然它早該到達了一個友好的碼頭了? ? ，此外，還有拉?貝魯斯的未知的命運； ? ?還得步步跟上字宙科學，要研究一切偉大的發現者、航海家、探險家和商人，從迦探險家飯能和腓尼基人直到現在所有這些人的一生，最後，時刻要記錄棧房中的貨物，你才知道自己處于什麼位置上。
  3. Before leaving the ship, the master shall direct the crew members to do their utmost to rescue the deck log book, the engine log book, the oil record book, the radio log book, the charts, documents and papers used in the current voyage, as well as valuables, postal matters and cash money

    在離船前，船長應當指揮船員盡力搶救航海日誌、機艙日誌、油類記錄簿、無線電臺日誌、本航次使用過的海圖和文件，以及貴重物品、郵件和現金。
  4. With the development of photography technology, the data of photography will increase, we have adopted segmentation of the data model to the display of the photography picture. we adopt technology of segmentation of mesne data, have solved the problem of carrying on the picture with slower processing speed, and make the performance of the 3d virtual simulation system promoted

    隨著航拍技術的不斷發展，航拍圖像的數據量將不斷快速增加，針對航拍遙感圖像的顯示，採用了數據模型的分塊。通過採用中間數據分塊技術，很好地解決了海量航拍圖像在進行處理操作中速度較慢的關鍵性問題，使三維虛擬系統的性能得到提升。
  5. Against the problem, this thesis discusses how to develop a web information system for the pelagic ships and develop a web edis system in the lan of shipping corporation with the guidance of tenet that a few data be transmitted through the satellite

    針對上述問題，本文利用在衛星鏈路傳輸少量數據，在客戶端進行web頁面重組的思想論述了如何面向遠洋船舶建立web信息服務系統以及如何在航運企業局域網中建立動態船位webedis （電子海圖）系統。
  6. Hf radar can measure the sea surface parameters. on oceanography, hf radar can be used in researching the property of ocean wave, supervising the sea status timely, getting offshore wind field picture as well

    它在海洋學上可用於研究海浪性質，能實時監測海況而服務于航海業、海洋工程、海洋警戒、海洋漁業和海洋平臺作業等，還能獲取氣象預報中所需要的海面風場圖。
  7. Upon abandoning the ship, the master must take all measures first to evacuate the passengers safely from the ship in an orderly way, then make arrangements for crew members to evacuate, while the master shall be the last to evacuate

    在離船前，船長應當指揮船員盡力搶救航海日誌、機艙日誌、油類記錄簿、無線電臺日誌、本航次使用過的海圖和文件，以及貴重物品、郵件和現金。
  8. Small scale charts are intended for offshore navigation and passage planning

    中比例尺海圖供近海航行時使用。
  9. The content of the thesis include many scientific fields, such as nautical mathematics, apparatus, ship navigate, communication, artificial intelligence, computer graphic, graphic management and so on. the function of route planning and advanced navigation in the system is based on electronic nautical chart. it bring forward the grid model in route planning, during the course of route planning, it provide ways to settle all kinds of instance ; it figures out the best head bearing of the ship with the real time transfer data from navigation apparatus to the system, accomplish the advanced navigation function in ecdis

    該系統是在電子海圖基礎平臺上來完成航線設計和最優航法功能的，提出了在電子海圖中利用網格模型來進行航線設計的方法，在求取最優航線的過程中，全面綜合地考慮了各種可能出現的情況，並逐一解決；最優航行方法中採用實時獲取船舶導航儀器傳入到系統中的數據，並根據這些數據進行計算，給出船舶當前最佳船艏向，實現基於電子海圖顯示與信息系統的最優航法。
  10. The traditional solution to the problem is to plot the forecast position of typhoon center and the ship ' s position on the < < typhoon position diagram > >, to pay much attention to the relative position between the ship and typhoon, and the tendency of their movements, to consider the affects of all kinds of factors and leave enough room, to use the plotting method of geometric relative motion to figure out the course which the ship should take to keep away from typhoon on the small scale chart

    傳統的解決辦法是，將臺風中心的預報位置和本船的船位點繪在《臺風位置標示圖》上，研究本船與臺風的相對位置以及相互間動態的發展態勢，考慮各種因素的影響並留有充分餘地，在小比例尺海圖上用幾何相對運動標繪的方法作圖繪算出本船應採取的避臺航向。
  11. Large scale charts are intended to be used for entering harbors or anchorages or for passing close to navigational hazards

    大比例尺海圖供駛入港口，錨地或近距離通過航海危險物時使用。
  12. From a navigational point of view, they were almost useless

    從航海的觀點看來，這種地圖幾乎是沒有用處的。
  13. Navigation simulator is a kind of emulational system integrated with many subjects such as navigation techniques, computer application system, computer graphics and modern cybernetics. it has played an important role in the maritime education and training

    航海模擬器是綜合航海技術、計算機應用系統、計算機圖形學以及現代控制理論等多門學科的模擬系統，在航海教育和培訓的工作中發揮了重要作用。
  14. The name man sang company began it ' s legacy in 1977 to provide comprehensive supply of stores, bonded & provisions, safety items and chemicals to all commercial and naval fleets at all china ports and hong kong

    萬生輪船公司成立於1977年，為客戶提供全方位的船舶供應服務，包括保藏清潔化學劑全系列、焊接氣體和器材、輪船安全和救生設備、甲板繩纜、錨鏈、五金工具、駕駛室海圖儀器、航海設備、船員膳食及日常用品、免稅煙酒等等。
  15. Starting from this month the chinese version of the shipping warning is also available from the observatory s website once every three hours for use by personnel of shipping companies, mariners and members of the public who operate in chinese. figure 2 shows a sample of the shipping warning in chinese

    由今年八月起，天文臺在網頁內發放為船舶提供的熱帶氣旋警告中文版樣本見附圖二，每三小時更新一次，以方便使用中文的船公司人員航海和公眾人士。
  16. Hitherto the tropical cyclone warning for shipping is issued only in english. starting from this month the chinese version of the shipping warning is also available from the observatory s website once every three hours for use by personnel of shipping companies, mariners and members of the public who operate in chinese

    由今年八月起，天文臺在網頁內發放為船舶提供的熱帶氣旋警告中文版（樣本見附圖二） ，每三小時更新一次，以方便使用中文的船公司人員、航海和公眾人士。
  17. This system enlarges the using scope of ecdis, accelerates the development of ecdis. also brings great advantage in field of navigation

    該系統的應用擴大了電子海圖信息系統的使用范圍，加快了電子海圖信息系統的發展，在航海信息領域中有著積極的意義。
  18. Shiphandling simulator is a device that can partly imitate the true environment at sea ， and is specially designed to satisfy marine education and trains and maritime research etc. one of its key techniques is to create the virtual environment at sea ， and the terrain is its important component. according to the needs of the real time visual display of the shiphandling simulator ， this paper analyses the requirements of the geometry precision of the important islands and background hills which are within the ships ' visible scope ， and brings forward the modeling methods of the hill ' s pileup and the hill ' s silhouette edges based on contour lines. it also presents the definition of error that the hill ' s silhouette edges graph has been given and the effective scope of application ， and firstly established the error criterion of terrain model that is built in shiphandling simulator. with these two kinds of method ， the size of data storage can be minimized greatly ， and the requirements of high update rate and geometry precision for the real time visual display of the shiphandling simulator can be satisfied

    船舶操縱模擬器是一種能夠部分模仿海上真實情況，專門為滿足航海教育與培訓、航海技術研究等目的而設計研製的裝置，其核心技術之一是海上視景模擬，而地形地貌是海上視景中的重要組成部分.根據船舶操縱模擬器實時視景顯示的需要，在分析航行船舶對可視范圍內重要島嶼與背景山脈的幾何精度要求的基礎上，提出了基於等高線的山形堆積建模和山形輪廓建模方法，並給出了山形輪廓圖形的誤差定義、有效適用范圍，以及船舶操縱模擬器中地形建模的誤差準則，該方法生成圖形的數據量較小，其圖形更新速率與幾何精度能達到船舶操縱模擬器實時視景顯示的要求
  19. The paper at last based on the current situation of our country ' s ship maneuvering simulator for the demonstration of the designs of harbor and fairway, studies three kernel aspects of the ship maneuvering simulator for the demonstration of the designs of harbor and fairway. they are execution of electronic chart, method to read automatically the data of asymmetry current, a mathematical model of the ship maneuvering simulation

    文章最後針對目前我國運用於港航設計論證的船舶操縱模擬器現狀，對基於港航設計論證的船舶操縱模擬器中的電子海圖的製作、不均勻流場數據的處理、船舶操縱運動數學模型三個方面作了一點研究。
  20. It s all in the chart - room and they know their way about in it, and it s their business to show the place to strangers who might else get lost

    海圖都在海圖室，他們知道怎樣利用海圖，他們的工作就是向陌生人指出圖上的方位以免別人迷航。
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