表層文法 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [biǎocéngwénfǎ]
表層文法 英文
surface grammar
  • 表 : Ⅰ名詞1 （外面;外表） outside; surface; external 2 （中表親戚） the relationship between the child...
  • 層 : i 量詞1 （用於重疊、積累的東西 如樓層、階層、地層） storey; tier; stratum 2 （用於可以分項分步的...
  • 文 : Ⅰ名詞1 （字） character; script; writing 2 （文字） language 3 （文章） literary composition; wri...
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 表層 : skin layer; superficial coat; veneer; surface; sexine; bloom; supercrust; surface layer表層沉積 [...
  • 文法 : grammar文法學 grammar
  1. This paper puts forward the showing ways and the modeling algorithms for the familiar geologic bodies such as terrane, fold and faultage

    本文主要對常見的地質對象，如巖層面、褶曲、斷層面等，提出了它們的表示方法和建立它們的三維模型的演算法。
  2. This paper starts with interrogatory with capm ; analyzes the most basic risk concept, the risk expression method ; clarify the concept of systematic risk with idiosyncratic risk ; questions about marketing portfolio, diversification investment. then, we accept the capm as a reasonable first order approximation

    本文的思路是先破后立，將研究的起點放在對capm的質疑上，從分析最基本的風險概念、風險的表示方法入手，層層抽絲撥繭，對系統性風險與非系統性風險的劃分、市場組合、組合投資等概念提出疑問。
  3. To do the investigating and studying work about the achievements of tackling key problem of the quondam exploration of front - zone of mountain, to analyze and study the applicability about the gathering technology used in the seismic exploration of the complicated construction belt of front - zone of mountainous ; 2. combining the quondam achievements, researching the design method of observation system objective of the complicated construction belt based on seismic - geology model, firstly, building the surface level and deep layer seismic - geology model of complicated construction belt and analyzing the forward model, secondly, designing the observation system aiming at the overthrust nappe structure in section and in area ; 3. aiming at the complicated earth ' s surface condition of front - zone of mountain, how to select the exciting method and the parameter, how to optimize the environment of exciting method and reception, how to pledge the normal combination of the datum of different exciting method ; 4

    根據山前帶的地震地質條件特點，本文主要研究了以下幾個方面的內容： 1 、對以往山前帶地震攻關成果開展調研工作，分析研究在山地山前復雜構造帶所採用的地震勘探採集技術的適用性； 2 、研究基於地震地質模型的復雜構造帶觀測系統目標設計方法：如何建立復雜構造帶的表層、深層地震地質模型，利用正演分析目標區的觀測系統；針對逆掩推覆體構造，如何分區分段有針對性設計觀測系統等； 3 、針對復雜地表條件的山地山前帶，如何選擇激發方式、參數，如何優選激發、接收環境，如何保證不同激發方式的資料能正常拼接； 4 、山前帶巨厚礫石區的表層結構調查技術及靜校正方法研究。
  4. However, the waterproof function and anti - fungus capability of ccf is relatively so poor that the quantity of first - grade and excellent - quality products is very few. in addition, the external antifriction layer of ccf is expensive and faulty, and 80 % of manufactories in china depend on the import antifriction paper. aimed at the situation, this paper put forward a simple and effective way - rabbet surface sealing technique ( rsst ) to improve the waterproof function and anti - fungus capability of ccf

    本文針對其防水抗霉性能較差、一等品及優等品極少；以及其表層耐磨紙價格昂貴、缺陷較多，尤其我國生產廠家80依賴進口耐磨紙的現狀，提出一種簡便而行之有效的方法? ?企口表面全封閉法來改善復合強化地板的防水抗霉性能，並採用國產材料研製出一種集裝飾功能與高耐磨性能於一體、生產成本很低的新型高耐磨層，以替代進口耐磨紙。
  5. Aiming at this problem, the main research issues and achievements in this paper are as follows : bi - directional data transformation between rdb and xml with semantic constraints preserved for most of existing researches on static data transformation between xml and rdb, dtd is taken as the schema description language for xml, and the semantic constraints are often lost during the transformation process. to overcome these disadvantages, the author adopts xml - schema, a standard schema description language proposed by w3c to replace dtd, as the description method owing to its more powerful functions than dtd, and of course with the syntax much more complicated. after analyzing the constraints characteristics in both xml - schema and relational schema, a semantic constraints - preserved algorithm is proposed which can realize the bi - directional schema mapping between rdb and xml through a formalized description of xml based on regular tree and a general expression for relational schema based on direct graph approach

    保留語義約束的xml與rdb雙向靜態數據轉換技術現有研究大多採用dtd （ documenttypedefinition ，文檔類型定義）作為xml的模式描述語言，並且在模式映射過程中丟失語義約束信息，本文分析了xml - schema （ xml - schema採用與dtd完全不同的語法，數據描述能力更強同時也更為復雜，已被w3c確定為替代dtd作為xml模式描述語言的標準）及關系模式的語義約束特徵，通過基於正則樹的xml形式化描述方法以及基於有向圖的一般關系模式表示方法的研究，建立保留語義約束的xml - schema與關系模式的雙向模式映射演算法，實現了xml與rdb的雙向數據轉換，較好地解決了xml與rdb在靜態數據轉換層面的數據集成問題，可有效滿足企業大量rdb數據面向xml的發布以及與日俱增的xml數據存入rdb的應用需求。
  6. By programming developed by user, the paper detailed researches the expressing method and identifying method of the component in the hierarchy assembly model, the description of three dimension position and orientation of the components in the product, and topological graph of mating relationship among the components. all these lay a solid foundation for the following research on assembly sequence and path planning and assembly process simulating

    本文在pro engineer軟體的基於特徵的參數化技術建模的基礎上，通過其二次開發平臺，詳細研究了pro e軟體環境下的裝配模型的層次結構的裝配模型表達方法和部件標識機制，以及零部件在裝配體中的空間位姿描述；還有零部件之間的配合聯接關系的拓撲圖表示法。
  7. In this paper, on the basis of observed data, spatial - temporal variation characteristics of soil temperature and soil moisture. soil temperature effects on soil water movement are studied for several kinds of typical underlying surface by using statistics, spectrum, filtering wave methods

    本文首先根據幾種典型下墊面條件下的土壤表層（ 1 - 1m ）的土壤溫濕度資料，採用統計分佈、功率譜分析、濾波等方法分析典型下墊面條件下土壤表層水熱分佈特徵及其相互作用。
  8. Analysis of the causes in terms of the deep structure and surface structure of legal culture reveals that the legal culture of the state advocate the idea of " no suit ", that the legal system built upon this idea inevitably repels suit mongers, and that the evaluation of suit mongers is negative ; in contrast, the inclination towards suit in folk legal culture and legal practice encourages the involvement of suit mongers in legal cases, and thus people s evaluation of suit mongers and their profession is largely positive

    從法文化的深層結構和表層結構分析，造成這種悖論的原因是：國家法文化所倡導的「無訟」觀念以及由此建立的法律制度必然排斥訟師的存在，因而對訟師的評價只能是反面的；而民間法文化中「好訟」的觀念傾向以及「健訟」的實踐卻使訟師成為不可缺少並得到大力發展的職業群體，因而對訟師的評價也大都是正面的。
  9. Many approaches developed offer approximation solutions, including principle - based, such as purely syntactic ones, semantic and pragmatic ones, and statistics - based ones. in this paper, we put forward a modal to resolve anaphora ( including empty pronoun ) based on the characteristics of chinese. in this method, we apply some corresponding rules on the sentences after their patterns distinguished in the text, then analyze the semantic relation of the components of the sentence and form a corresponding semantic network, get rid of some candidates according to the co - constrain of the nodes in that network, put every component which refers to people into forward - looking centers, ordered by their semantic role, ascertain the hierarchy of sentences, analyze the transition types resulted by the scheme of different resolutions, finally, choice the most possible scheme of resolution according to the precedence of the types

    本文針對漢語的特點建立了一個包括零代詞在內的代詞消解模型:在語義結構文法思想的指導下，對文本中的句子模式識別后，採用相應的規則式，然後分析句中成分之間的表層語義條件並產生相應的語義網路，利用語義網路中結點間的相互約束對代詞的某些候選先行詞進行排除，並且把每句中指人的語言成分放到前向中心列表中，以它們所充當的語義成分為排序依據，確定句子的層次結構，最後依據中心理論分析每個候選先行詞對代詞的不同消解所造成的層次相鄰的句子之間的過渡類型，利用過渡類型的優先順序對代詞的候選先行詞進行擇優。
  10. Abstract : this paper discussed the physicalmetallurgical process during laser hardening withsteel and cast iron, presented the technique designprinciple of laser hardening to achieve good resultsit also introduced the inspection method for laserhardened surface of steel and cast iron

    文摘:討論了鋼和鑄鐵在激光表面淬硬時的物理冶金學過程，提出了激光淬硬獲得優良效果的工藝設計依據，介紹了對鋼鐵零件激光淬硬表層的檢驗方法。
  11. At first system accomplishes chinese language automatic word segmentation and part - of - speech tagging through chinese input approach with word segmentation, then forms corresponding surface semantic network according to the semantic structure grammar, and finally gets corresponding data flow diagram and data dictionary according to the automatic generation algorithms of data flow diagram and data dictionary, the whole completion of the work, can not only provide a description environment of natural language for case, but also develop into the system which takes the question described on the basis of the natural language as the system ' s input

    工作的中心是自然語言篇章理解。系統首先通過分詞輸入法實現漢語自動分詞與詞性標注，然後根據語義結構文法產生相應的表層語義網路，最後根據數據流圖、數據字典自動生成演算法轉換為相應的數據流圖和數據字典。這項工作的徹底完成，不僅可以給case提供一個自然語言的描述環境，而且可進一步發展為基於自然語言描述問題作為輸入的系統。
  12. Analyses of results are also given, comparative experiments show that the beat approach in this paper is better than conventional hierarchy clustering technique, and much better than multivariate statistical analyses such as principle component analyses on dimension reduction based feature encoding

    另外比較實驗結果表明文中的最好方法其系統性能好於目前廣泛採用的分層聚類技術，並遠好於多元統計分析技術，例如主成分分析的特徵降維編碼。
  13. In order to make the studying about the seismic exploration method possess systematic nature and the ability of tackling key problem in front - zone of mountain, we have done the research work of tackling key problem aiming at the field gathering technology of seismic exploration of the complicated structure belt ( the construction of underground and the earth ' s surface condition are complicated ) of front - zone of mountain in this text, and a large number of relativity trials by the close combination of production and scientific research, summarized a set of field method of the complicated structure belt of front - zone of mountain, adjusted both of trial factor and construction factor of the field gathering in time, achieved finally the goal of making its structure character clear

    近幾年來，隨著地震勘探裝備和技術的改進，野外資料採集技術有了新的進展，主要表現為多種震源聯合激發方法（井炮和大噸位可控震源） ，基於地表條件及表層調查基礎上的激發選點方法，小道距、長排列、高覆蓋接收方法，基於模型的「分段、分線、分區」觀測系統目標設計方法等，取得了顯著的勘探效果。為了使山前地震勘探方法研究具有系統性和攻關性，通過本文對復雜山前復雜構造帶地震勘探的野外採集技術進行攻關研究，進行了大量具有針對性的試驗，總結出了一套山前復雜構造帶野外施工方法，最終達到了搞清復雜山前復雜構造帶山前復雜構造帶構造特徵的目的。
  14. This dissertation investigates the breakdown theory and reliability characterization methods of the time dependent dielectric breakdown ( tddb ) for the ultra - thin gate oxide, and the hot - carrier effect ( hce ) in deep sub - micron mosfet ' s

    本文對超薄柵氧化層經時擊穿（ tddb ）擊穿機理和可靠性表徵方法以及深亞微米mos器件熱載流子效應（ hce ）進行了系統研究。
  15. This paper is intended to discussion mainly focusing on the six points : the space layout of the garden ; the environmental design, exemplified nature and architecture, the outer and interior decorations in the overall composition ; the guiding principle of gardening, propagating the philosophical view of the confusions " marriage of the soul with nature " ; the dialectical thoughts value added to principle elements of gardens, such as inspired by nature, suitable measurement to local condition, showing and hiding, density and spacing, far and near, ideology guiding practice. . the gardening elements of unity and coherence of space which is mutually penetrated ; the gardening elements of space alignment, such as " views echo with one another, scenes appear at every turn " generally, from the angle of space designing, the paper is trying to provide materials data for understanding and studying for suzhou classical gardens, their imagination - inspiring atmosphere, superb artistry, rich cultural contents as well as gardening artistic characteristics

    蘇州園林作為一門空間藝術具有獨特的魅力，作為文化載體，它積淀了豐厚的文化底蘊。本文主要就其庭院式的空間布局，建築與自然、室內與室外融為一體的環境設計；充滿人文精神的中國儒道「天人合一」的造園思想；因地置宜、順應自然、藏露疏密、虛實遠近、變化統一的辯證思維；相互滲透的空間層次，步移景移的時空間序列的表現手法等問題進行闡述。力求從蘇州園林空間設計的一個側面，去揭示其藝術的特徵、文化的內涵、造園的藝術規律。
  16. The present paper has a review on the development of contrastive chinese - english studies from the 1990s, makes a comment on the representative works in this field, and shows us the progress of the contrastive studies, i. e. from the linguistic level to the philosophical level

    本文通過對九十年代以來漢英對比研究領域的代表性專著的述評，回顧和總結了國內十多年來漢英對比研究的研究成果，揭示了漢英對比研究從從語言表層到表現法的對比再到哲學層面的研究的發展歷程。
  17. The main contents of the paper are : ( 1 ) review the state and art for fiber - wound vessel with metal inner lining ; ( 2 ) provide a method to present the technical features including wound process, equal stress dome and fiber gathering at the dome etc. ( 3 ) establish a finite element analysis model considering nonlinear physical and geometrical effects and develop a equivalent constitutive relation for winding graphite fiber reinforced plastic layers ; ( 4 ) set up a failure criterion for the inner metal lining and winding graphite fiber reinforced plastic layers ; ( 5 ) develop a corresponding engineering analysis code based on the commercial software ansys ; ( 6 ) investigate the plastic deformation and residual stress in the inner lining due to winding tension and pre - tension, and stress distribution of the composite vessel under service loading case

    本文旨在為具有金屬內襯的纖維纏繞復合容器的參數設計提供分析模型、方法及工程軟體。論文主要內容是： （ 1 ）對復合容器分析國內外研究的概述； （ 2 ）復合容器的幾何表徵方法及工藝中若干力學問題； （ 3 ）復合容器結構分析的物理和幾何非線性有限元列式及其纖維層的等效本構關系； （ 4 ）復合容器的破壞類別； （ 5 ） ansys程序的二次開發； （ 6 ）典型復合容器的數值討論。本論文工作將對工程界復合容器設計和分析工作者具有參考價值。
  18. Version management is very important in engineering data management, and is a method to maintain consistency of design data. a notion of design object is proposed, based on which the design information of product is described. the composed relation, version relation, and equivalent relation are used to establish the relation design object. a version mechanism is established in the paper for engineering data management. a hierarchical model of design object is proposed. some notions such as version history of design object, relations of version history of design object, and so on are proposed. a data model of version mechanism is established. finally, the operation ( check in / check out, selection of current version, dynamic configuration of version and so on ) of version object is analyzed

    版本管理是工程數據庫管理中的重要部分，也是保證設計數據一致性的手段.文中提出了設計對象的概念，以設計對象為基礎組織和描述完整的產品設計信息，建立了設計對象之間的組合聯系、等價聯系以及版本聯系，提出了設計對象的層次模型表示方法.針對工程數據管理的特點建立了其版本機制，提出了設計對象版本歷史、對象版本之間的聯系等概念，研究了設計對象的版本操作檢入/檢出、當前版本的選擇以及版本的動態配置等主要內容
  19. Focusing on serious damage of carbon fibers in ceramic matrix composites ( cmcs ) prepared by precursor infiltration pyrolysis ( pip ), and with emphasis on carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide composites ( cf / sic ) derived from polycarbosilane ( pcs ), the influences of raw materials ( including carbon fibers and precursors, etc. ) and preparing conditions on carbon fiber damage during the preparation of cf / sic composites were investigated systemically. pyrolysis process, fiber - matrix interface and carbon fiber damage process were observed by sem, tem, ir, xrd, xps and tq etc. the characterization method of carbon fiber damage degree was established and the models for carbon fiber damage mechanism were also established. the carbon fiber coatings and unidirectional cf / sic composites with coated carbon fibers were prepared and studied

    本文針對先驅體浸漬裂解工藝制備陶瓷基復合材料過程中碳纖維損傷嚴重的問題，以聚碳硅烷（ pcs ）制備cf / sic復合材料為重點，採用sem 、 tem 、 ir 、 xrd 、 xps 、 tg等表徵手段，分析了先驅體裂解過程、纖維基體界面和碳纖維損傷過程，系統地研究了原料（碳纖維、先驅體等）和制備工藝條件等在cf / sic復合材料制備過程中對碳纖維損傷的影響，建立了碳纖維損傷程度的表徵方法和損傷機理模型，制備了纖維表面塗層並利用塗層碳纖維制備了單向cf / sic復合材料。
  20. This article illuminates how to use various skills in pencil landscape sketch so as to attain the best painting effect though several aspects such as how to apply the modesty painting language and profound art form, paying attention to the dialectic relationship between frame sketch and cubage sketch, and using the method of light and shade arrangement to represent object thoroughly and abundantly and so on

    摘要該文在運用質樸的繪畫語言、高深的藝術形式，重視「結構素描」與「體積素描」的辯證關系，以及採用「明暗層次」法更深入、豐富地表現物體等方面，說明了如何在鉛筆素描風景畫中運用各種技法，使繪畫效果達到最好。
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