表面培養法 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [biǎomiànpéiyǎngfǎ]
表面培養法 英文
surface culture method
  • 表 : Ⅰ名詞1 （外面;外表） outside; surface; external 2 （中表親戚） the relationship between the child...
  • 面 : Ⅰ名詞1 （頭的前部; 臉） face 2 （物體的表面） surface; top 3 （外露的一層或正面） outside; the ri...
  • 培 : 動詞1. （在根基部分堆上土） bank up with earth; earth up 2. （有目的地使成長、壯大） cultivate; foster; train
  • 養 : Ⅰ動詞1 （供養） support; provide for 2 （飼養; 培植） raise; keep; grow 3 （生育） give birth to ...
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 表面 : surface; superficies; boundary; face; rind; sheet; skin; outside; appearance
  1. This essay mainly deals with wto ' s rules on governments " activities, local governments " function in the economic development and wto ' s requirement and challenge on local governments. it analyzes 4 aspects of our local governments " admistration that are in disaccord with wto ' s rules through many facts and offers 4 strategies - - - - to quicken the reform on local governments " system and to alter local governments " function ; to adapt more transparent policies, to regulate the administrative process and to make necessary amendments to the executive bodies ; to improve our policies and to perfect the law system so as to support the legal administration ; to improve governments management and to educate a new administration faculty. the analysis offers some guiding ideas to the local governments facing a new wto era

    本文概述了wto規則中規范政府行為的主要原則，全面闡述了加入wto后，地方政府在經濟發展中應發揮的作用以及wto規則對地方政府的要求和挑戰，從分析我國地方政府不適應wto規則的四個方面的表現入手，列舉了大量的事實材料，有針對性地提出了地方政府如何適應wto規則要求的四個對策? ?加快地方政府機構改革，實現地方政府職能的徹底轉變：執行透明度制度，規范行政程序，健全行政執行機構；優化政策環境，完善法律體系，為法制行政提供製度保障；提高政府管理能力，培養全新管理人才。
  2. After entry of wto, there are still many maladjustments in guangxi ' s seed industry, such as the weak foundation of sees industry development ; the unformed market of the seed industry for fair competition ; small - scale seed enterprises ; no systematic connection among the cultivation, breeding and marketing ; lower qualification of staff who work in the seed industry and with weak sense of laws, and lack of the knowledge in operating experiences in the international market and trade etc. yet the un - efficiency system, unclear property right in enterprises, the lack of an effective mechanism to promote the rational use of resources in the seed industry and the lack of such concept as " the government creates environment and enterprises create fortune " are the deep - seated causes of the problems in guangxi ' s seed industry. therefore, the key points for promoting development of guangxi ' s seed industry under the wto framework are to focus on the promotion of the developing capability of seeds " integrated products, constantly deepen reforms, to adjust various relevant factors in the system of the seed industry which is inconsistent with each other, and to establish a new - pattern system with evident characteristics of the time spirit in order to meet the requirements of the market economy. hereinto, the specific strategies and measures for promotion of guangxi ' s seed industry development under the wto framework include kee ping up reform and innovation of the system of the seed industry, executing of non - nationalization reform in state - owned seed enterprises, formulating and executing relevant supporting policies, the improving the legal system in the seed industry, increasing public financial support on the seed industry, promoting the integration of cultivation, breeding and marketing, strengthening human resource development, developing the main body of the seed industry ' s market and making proper conditions for the functions of seed associations in the seed industry development etc

    研究結果認為：發展種子產業應該把著眼點放在促進種子整體產品的開發上；種子產業的發展依賴于能充分發揮整體功能的新型種業體系的構建，而目前廣西種業體系中的品種選育、種子生產加工、種子經營以及政府管理、公共支持和社會服務六個主要組成部分都存在明顯的缺陷與不足；廣西種子企業綜合競爭力總體處于較弱水平；面對wto ，廣西種子產業仍有諸多的不適應，突出表現在產業發展基礎薄弱、尚未形成可以公平競爭的種業市場、種子企業規模小、育繁銷脫節、種業人才素質不高、種子企業法律意識淡薄、國際市場運作經驗和國際貿易知識不足等多個方面，而體制不順、企業產權不明晰、缺乏促進種業資源合理流動的有效機制以及「政府創造環境，企業創造財富」的正確理念正是導致目前廣西種子產業不能適應入世需要的深層次原因；因此，以提升種子整體產品開發能力為核心，不斷深化改革，調整種業體系中不相協調的各有關因素，構建起符合市場經濟體制要求的具有鮮明時代特徵的新型種業體系，是wto框架下加快廣西種子產業發展必須堅持的指導思想；其中，加快種業體制改革和創新、實施對國有種子企業的非國有化改造、制訂落實有關扶持政策、完善種子法律法規體系、加大公共財政對種子產業的支持力度、推進育繁銷一體化的形成、加強人才培養與引進、壯大種業市場主體、實行重點突破戰略、發揮種子行業協會作用等等，都是wto框架下加快廣西種子產業發展應該採取的具體對策措施。
  3. Mainly expressed on : they both pay highly attention on the great impact on the education to the improvement and prosperity of the nation ; they are both aware that the ideological and political work is on the important position during the course of training the successor of the communist party ; they both advocate the innovation of the education system and teaching method ; they both advocate to strengthen the international exchange and cooperation in education ; both advocate to " respect the teacher and intellectuals ; both advocate the student must get all - round development in their education career ; both advocate the education should have to connected with the production labor, eco nomic construction and the social requirement of the talent

    主要表現為：都高度重視教育對于中華民族進步和國家富強的巨大作用；都充分認識到思想政治工作在培養社會主義事業接班人的過程中的重要地位；都主張教育體制和教育教學方法要改革；都主張教育要加強國際交流與合作；都主張尊重教師和知識分子；都主張學生應該在教育過程中得到全面發展；都主張教育要與生產勞動、與經濟建設實際、與人才社會需求相結合。
  4. The sbf cultivation results by different surface modification methods were : nano - tio2 coating > alkali solution treatment > tio2 coatings sintered in normal pressure > tio2 coatings sintered in vacuum

    不同表面改性方法的sbf培養結果比較為：納米二氧化鈦塗層堿液處理方法常壓下燒結二氧化鈦塗層真空下燒結制備的塗層。
  5. In this scientific dissertation, some medicinal plant tissues were chosen as the materials for separation of antimicrobial endophytes, a11, one of produced wide - spectrum antibacterials endophytes isolated from aloe, was indentified by physiological and biochemical techniques, and the antimicroorganism substances were purified. the results were as follows. 1

    實驗結果如下： 1 、採用組織表面消毒的方法從銀杏、蘆薈等十多種植物組織中分離出了115株植物內生菌，其中細菌60株，真菌55株，這些真菌在28恆溫條件培養大多都不產孢。
  6. The independent study " four - link " teaching method includes four links : leading self - study, organizing discussion, less teaching to answer questions, practices to improve. with optimizing the class teaching, reforming the teaching method, paying attention to instruct the study method, this method develops the self - study ability, expressing ability, analyzing and criticizing ability and creating ability of middle school students, let them play their independent roles in classroom. and this makes the classroom full of energy, improves the students " knowledge, ability, consciousness and behavior at the same time, and lets the students " study get gain, get thought and get effect

    思想政治課「四環節」教學法包括「引導自學? ?組織討論? ?精講解惑? ?實踐提高」四個環節，它從優化課堂教學入手，從改革教法方面突破，從指導學法上下工夫，培養中學生自學能力、表達能力、分析批判能力及創造性思維能力，充分發揮其課堂主體作用，使課堂教學充滿活力，使學生知識、能力、覺悟、行為同步提高，課堂學習學有所得，學有所思，學有成效，能運用辯證唯物主義和歷史唯物主義的觀點分析和解決現實生活中的實際問題。
  7. According to the needs for being successful talents of foreign trade, non - specialized quality extending courses will be opened to intensify the training from a wide range of concept, moral character, knowledge, method and ability, which includes that training the spirit of dedication, challenge and innovation, carrying on the cultivation of personality, willpower, honesty and teamwork, as well as implementing the extending training of interpersonal communication, expressing ability, negotiation skills, observing ability, planning and business etiquette

    針對成功外貿人才素質要求，開設非專業素質拓展課程與訓練項目，從成功人才的觀念、品格、知識、方法、能力等方面強化訓練，包括開展敬業、拼搏、創新精神的訓練，進行人格、毅力、誠信、團隊合作方面的培養，在人際溝通、表達能力、談判技巧、觀察能力、方案策劃、商務禮儀等方面開展素質拓展訓練。
  8. The characteristics of this method are : a, directly counting cell number without the influence of the metabolic state of the cells ; b, discrimination of target cells from effector cells in cell - mediated cytotoxicity assay ; c, less treatment step, and free - radioactivity ; d, high sensitivity and reliability. 2, using the above assay, immunofluorescent labeled technique, and flow cytometry, the pbmc proliferation, apoptosis, necrosis, cell cycle, activation, cytokines and membrane marker were detected. the results showed that the number of pbmc reduced, but the activity of pbmc increased dose - dependently ; the reduction of cell number resulted from necrosis and apoptosis ; the supernatant of k562 cell lines were not able to block the cell cycle, but to promote it ; the ratio of t cell subset and the expression of thl and th2 cytokines increased

    結合以上創建的方法和免疫熒光流式細胞術，用k562細胞株可溶性分泌物（上清）對外周血單個核細胞（ pbmc ）進行培養以模擬體內微環境，然後分別從細胞增殖、凋亡、壞死、細胞周期、活性、細胞因子和表面抗原表達等方面進行研究，結果發現用腫瘤上清培養的pbmc細胞數量下降明顯，但同時對其有激活作用，且呈劑量依賴性；細胞數的下降主要是由細胞壞死和凋亡引起的，腫瘤上清對細胞周期沒有阻斷作用，反而略有促進作用； t細胞亞群比例增加，並促進表達th1 、 th2細胞因子。
  9. 4. having suggested, based on the writer ' s many years of teaching and literature study, how to identify and train the excellent in key high school math - learning. this has achieved a great deal in the writer ' s teaching

    在多年實踐和文獻研究的基礎上，提出通過考試和對學生課內外表現的觀察識別重點高中數學優秀生的方法，並從課內和課外兩個方面提出針對重點高中數學優秀生培養的教學建議，此理論在作者實踐中已收到良好效果。
  10. In this paper, according to the fully time compulsory education curriculum standards of chemistry ( experiment draft ) which requests that the students should be able to pose some valuable questions from their daily life or from their chemistry learning and express their questions clearly, the author discussed the inquiry value of the questions in chemistry instruction based on the theory of scientific epistemology, cognitive psychology and ability psychology. furthermore the parameters for measuring the students " questioning ability are also talked about from the perspectives of the motivations of questioning, the cognitive foundation, the value of the questions, the ability of posing questions by themselves and the ability of expressing their questions. after reading many literatures and interviewing some experienced chemistry teachers, the author proposed instructions strategies in cultivating the students " questioning ability in chemistry instruction from five aspects, they are : to stimulate the students to question ; to construct the cognitive foundation of questioning ; to augment the value of the questions ; to make the students pose their questions by themselves ; to cultivate the students " ability of expressing their questions

    本文在研究的過程中，採用了文獻閱讀和向任課教師訪談的方法，以《標準》中對「提出問題」要素的要求「能從日常現象或化學學習中，經過啟發或獨立地發現一些有探究價值的問題；能比較清楚地表述所發現的問題」為主線，運用科學認識論、認知心理學及能力心理學的相關理論作為理論基礎，結合中學生化學學習的特點，從問題的遷移價值、思維價值、能力培養價值和情感價值四方面深入探討了化學教學中問題的「探究價值」 ；通過對化學教學中學生「提出問題」能力的涵義及結構的分析，從提問動機、提問的認知基礎、所提問題的價值、提問的自主性和表達問題的能力五個方面建立了衡量學生「提出問題」能力的指標體系；在此基礎上相應從五方面提出了化學教學中學生「提出問題」能力培養的教學策略，分別是激發學生「提問」動機的策略、建構「提問」認知基礎的策略、提高問題價值的策略、提高學生「提問」自主性策略和培養學生「表達問題」能力的策略。
  11. Therefore, at three aspects such as ancient chinese education, china traditional philosophy and western gestalt comprehension outlook, on study, this paper summarizes the theoretic origin of comprehension, emphatically analyzes its characteristic, qualifications and tactics of its cultivation when in modem chinese teaching inner understanding is regarded as a kind of advanced, comprehensive and aesthetic ability of comprehension and also focuses on probing into presentation of comprehension neglected in teaching reading comprehension and composition and analyzes methods of its cultivation

    為此，本文從古代語文教育、中國傳統哲學、西方格式塔頓悟學習觀三方面概述了悟性的理論淵源，著重分析了在現代語文教學實踐中悟性作為一種高級的、綜合的審美感悟能力所具有的特徵、悟性培養的條件、悟性培養的策略；重點探討了在閱讀教學、作文教學中悟性缺失的具體表現及其培養方法。
  12. By the compounds of submandibular gland cells and collagen sponges. we investigate the optimal cell denisity of tissue engineered compound of submandibular gland cells and collagen sponges, the cellular compatibility of tissue engineered compound of submandibular gland cells on the collagen sponges with different porosity and the influence of epidermal growth factor on the adherence of submandibular gland cell to collagen sponge. our studies can primary provide theoretical ground work to form the model in vitro of tissue engineering smg

    在本研究中，以初步探討體外頜下腺細胞與膠原海綿支架相互作用為目的，採用體外分離培養sd大鼠頜下腺細胞，然後接種于膠原海綿支架上體外復合培養的方法；從不同接種細胞濃度對細胞一支架復合物影響，同一接種細胞濃度在不同孔隙率的支架上黏附、增殖的情況及表皮生長因子（ egf ）對頜下腺細胞的促增殖作用，促細胞在支架上黏附等三方面入手，初步研究了頜下腺細胞與膠原海綿相互作用的影響因素，為進一步在體外及體內構建較為理想的組織工程化頜下腺提供理論參數和實驗依據。
  13. High performance ion exchange chromatography was applied in studying qualitatively and quantitatively of bacteria, which was shown as follows : firstly, physio - biochemical characteristics of bacteria was investigated by ion exchange chromatography. for the first time spores and nutrient of bacillus pumilus had been separated successfully by chromatography. chromatographial behaviors of bacteria at different cultivating environment and different growth phase were also studied

    本文利用高效液相離子交換色譜系統研究細菌學，探討了該方法在細菌定性、定量方面的應用，主要包括三個方面：首先，利用離子交換色譜系統表徵細菌生理、生態方面的變化，首次成功地在色譜上區分了短小芽孢桿菌的芽孢及營養體；考察了不同的培養環境對細菌色譜行為的影響及不同生長階段的細菌的色譜行為。
  14. And considerable work has been done hi the growth behaviour in the tetrachloride solution concluding studies of crystal growth and growth kinetics. a crystal of dimensions 20mm x 20mm x 1mm was produced hi the tetrachloride solution by lowing temperature. and bcf spiral growth mechanism for the surface diffusion model was analyzed using the kinetic data

    本文以苯為溶劑溶液降溫法培養出了60mm 40mm 3mm大尺寸hhm單晶；另外探討了hhm在四氯化碳溶液中的生長行為，溶液降溫法培養出了20mm 20mm 1mm的較大尺寸單晶，並用動態循環體視顯微鏡觀察法測定了其在不同的過飽和下主要顯露晶面的法向生長速率，在較大過飽和度范圍內考察了其bcf表面擴散螺位錯生長機制。
  15. Cell adhesion to surface of the substrate is essential to development of the anchorage - dependent cells. only after adhering to surface followed by spreading can cells develop and proliferate. most synthetic polymers used as orthopaedic matrix substitute present hydrophobicity, which may correlates to the low degree of cell attachment. modification with cell adhesion protein / peptides can be benificial to the cell adhesion on polymers and then affect the cell proliferation and differentiation. cell attachment to substrate is primarily mediated by integrins, a widely expressed family of heterodimeric surface receptors. most extrcellular matrix proteins such as fibronectin, osteopontin, collagen type i, bone sialoprotein and vitronectin contain an arg - gly - asp ( rgd ) sequence which is specific to the fixation of cell membrane receptors like integrin. the main aim of this research is to measure, assess adhesion, proliferation of rabbit marrow stromal cells ( mscs ) on the polymers coated by fibronectin, collagen type i or biotie gen, which includes : ( 1 ) biologic characteristics of rabbit mscs were observed by two types of separating method in primary culture. ( 2 ) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of mscs cultured on polymers coated with biotiegen were assessed. ( 3 ) also, adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of mscs were assessed on plga film or porous plga substrates coated with fibronectin, or collagen type i respectively. ( 4 ) bone formation was observed on the porous plga substrates coated with collagen type i in vivo. this research aims to give new way to make novel synthetic bone with cell adhesion and high bone induction capabilities

    因此將這些蛋白包被、固定到材料表面，觀察骨組織工程種子細胞mscs細胞的粘附、生長特性是本研究的中心環節，並從以下方面進行探討： （ 1 ）採用不同原代細胞分離方法，研究其對mscs細胞的生物學特性影響。 （ 2 ）檢測基因勝肽膠對mscs細胞粘附、增殖及分化的影響。 （ 3 ）分別採用型膠原及纖維粘連蛋白（ fibronectin ， fn ）包被聚乙醇酸-乳酸共聚物（ poly （ 1actide - co - glycolide ） ， plga ）膜及多孔塊型plga材料，觀察細胞在單層或三維培養狀態下，型膠原及fn對mscs細胞粘附、增殖及向成骨細胞分化效應及能力。
  16. In the laboratory experiment part, human peripheral blood, cultured cells and icr mice were study objects. the changes of mitotic chromosome numbers were measured by human metaphase chromosome counts and statistic analyzed used x2 - test. the changes of meiotic chromosome numbers were measured by mice one - cell zygote chromosome counts and statistic analyzed usedx2 - test. the effects of low dose ionizing radiation on the expression of topoisomerase ii were measured by immunocytochemistry, western blot and rt - pcr

    流行病學結果顯示長期小劑量輻射接觸與染色體不分離呈正相關，為進一步在細胞遺傳學和分子生物學方面研究小劑量電離輻射與染色體不分離關系及其機制，本課題第二部分以外周血、培養細胞、 icr小鼠為研究對象，用外周血染色體計數和單細胞受精卵染色體計數的方法研究小劑量輻射和拓撲異構酶復旦大學2000級博士生學位論文11a抑制劑及其二者的協同效應對有絲分裂和減數分裂染色體不分離的影響，用免疫細胞化學染色、 westernblot 、 rt pcr等方法研究了電離輻射引起拓撲異構酶a表達變化。
  17. This article based on the definition of law culture in enterprises, constructs a tridimensional configuration of this law culture, which represent for three directions of building separately, this is, " legal thinking " - law consciousness cultivation ( the aspect of conceptions ), " legal body " - mechanisms and criterions of every department in national corporations ( the aspect of systems ), " legal actions of thinking " - rules of behaviors and systems of every productive sections in national corporations ( the aspect of operations )

    本文基於對企業法律文化的界定，構造了國有企業法律文化的三維立體結構，分別代表了「法統」 ? ?法律意識培養（觀念層） 、 「法體」 ? ?國企內部各部門的規章與制度（制度層） 、 「法律思維活動」 ? ?國企內部各生產環節及行為的依法操作（操作層面）三個建設方向。
  18. There were two main roles of the imperial college of tang dynasty in the sino - foreign cultural and educational export : to enroll and cultivate overseas students by spreading confucianism and its culture, induding a whole set of rules derived from confucianism and knowledge related to calligraphy, mathmatics, music and literatare ; and to participate in important national foreign activities to spread and export confucianism by means of deferring confucius

    摘要唐代國子監在當時對外文化教育方面的作用主要體現在兩個方面：第一，招收和培養留學生，主要承擔著儒家思想和文化的傳播與輸出工作，包括在儒家思想和文化之下衍生出來的一整套完整的制度，以及有關書法、數學、音樂、文字學等方面的具體知識；第二，參與主持國家重大的外事活動，通過對聖賢的景仰傳播與輸出以儒家禮儀制度為代表的儒家文化和思想。
  19. Bacteria at the epd laboratory within six hours of collection. the membrane filtration method involves passing the water through a membrane filter, which retains bacteria in the water. the membrane is then placed on a special culture medium and incubated for 18 to 24 hours at 44. 5 degrees celsius, in aerobic conditions

    目前採用的薄膜過濾法是以濾膜隔濾海水中的細菌，然後將濾膜放到特殊的培養基上，在攝氏44 . 5度的有氧環境下培養18至24小時，其間濾膜表面隔濾的細菌會形成獨特的藍綠色斑點大腸桿菌菌落。
  20. In the process of teaching, this paper has also done some research on principles followed by carrying out aesthetic education and strategies taken and methods of aesthetic education carried on the chemistry teaching, finally, the article designs the content of chemistry beauty in the following two aspects : chemistry teaching and experiments then put it into practice to test the utility and function of aesthetic education in the practice of teaching. the results of experiments show that we encourage and implement quality - education today, only doing these can make the students acquire the whole development in the comfortable and pleasurable environment. the aesthetic education has important function to train the ability of appreciating beauty and good moral sentiment and in the interest of study of the students, and to inspire the student creativity

    本文論述了化學美的基本特徵和形式，研究了在化學教學的過程中實施美育應遵循的原則，採取的策略，探索在化學教學中實施美育的方法，並從化學課堂教學和實驗教學兩方面設計了化學美的內容並進行了實踐，在課堂實踐中檢驗實施美育的作用和功能，實驗結果表明，在實施素質教育的今天，美育對于培養學生的審美能力，培養學生良好的道德情操，培養學生的學習興趣，激發學生的創造力，具有重要的作用。
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