資本主義生產 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zīběnzhǔyìshēngchǎn]
資本主義生產 英文
capitalist production
  • 資 : Ⅰ名詞1 （錢財; 費用） money; wealth; expenses 2 （資質） intelligence; endowment 3 （資格） quali...
  • 本 : i 名詞1 （草木的莖或根）stem or root of plants 2 （事物的根源）foundation; origin; basis 3 （本錢...
  • 義 : Ⅰ名詞1 （正義） justice; righteousness 2 （情誼） human ties; relationship 3 （意義） meaning; si...
  • 生 : Ⅰ動詞1 （生育; 生殖） give birth to; bear 2 （出生） be born 3 （生長） grow 4 （生存; 活） live;...
  • 產 : Ⅰ動詞1 （人或動物的幼體從母體中分離出來） give birth to; be delivered of; breed 2 （創造財富; 生...
  • 資本主義 : capitalism
  • 資本 : 1 （經營工商業的本錢） capital 2 （牟取利益的憑借） what is capitalized on; sth used to one s own...
  • 生產 : 1 （使用工具創造生產、生活資料） produce; manufacture 2 （生孩子） give birth to a child; childbi...
  1. As the most alienated social class in capitalist society the proletariat exist on the basis of private property, itself the source of alienated labour.

    作為資本主義社會里最被異化的社會階級，無產階級是依靠私有財產基礎本身即是異化勞動的根源生存的。
  2. Facing with the adjustment blemish of the market and the government, knowledge problem and market growth degree etc, the article analyzes and arguments tmsm, the investment theory of the gapsm and two - mechanism forming reason and specialty of our country, and tries to explain and answer the question of breadth fluctuation, high risk, price decision, proceeds and investment strategy etc in the gapsm. since 80 ages, a series of the important development has all taken place in the world and the economy of our country, and it produced the deep influence on the growth of the security market, and particularly the information revolution, all markets forming one body and the quick development of the derivable security product brought the unprecedented macroscopic opportunity and power to the security market ; but at the same time our security market with the structure absurdity of participators, higher risk, irregular law, closed market, the validity of supervise and no science of market regulation does not accommodate to the macroscopic environment and so our country security market needs a new set of security theory with environment. according to the macroscopic and microcosmic environment, this article defines that our country security market is both a gapsm and the initial stage of the gapsm

    上世紀80年代以來，世界和我國經濟都發生了一系列重大的變化，對證券市場的發展產生了深刻的影響，尤其是信息革命、市場一體化和證券衍生產品的迅速發展，給證券市場的發展帶來了前所未有的宏觀機遇和動力，而同時我國證券市場參與者結構的不合理、較高的風險、不規范的法律、市場的不開放、監管的不完全以及不科學的市場調控等微觀市場環境條件與此宏觀環境並不適應，從而我國證券市場需要一套適應環境變化的股票理論；本文就是以這一宏觀環境和微觀條件為依據，把我國證券市場定義為既是政府主導型證券市場又是市場初期；並對我國證券市場二元制產生的原因、特點及特殊性進行了分析，並通過我國政府調節的實例進行了論證，並對投資理論和投資策略進行了研究，這對控制我國證券市場的高風險以及獲取收益都具有重大意義。
  3. Marx identified four stages through which the relations of production and society had passed, namely primitive communism, slavery, feudalism and capitalism.

    馬克思把生產關系和社會關系已經歷的發展過程區分為四個階段，即原始共產主義，奴隸社會，封建社會和資本主義社會。
  4. Presently has to emphatically take eight methods for it : taking township project for locomotive to earnestly do well the general grogram on new countryside and new pasture construction ; fulfilling " six great engineering " to accelerate township ' s basic facilities construction of new countryside and new pasture and reinforce socialistic affairs development ; implementing " transformation 、 expansion and promotion " three strategies to increase production and lift efficiency of agriculture and stock breed and raise farmers and nomads ' incomes ; accelerating policy support and financial investments to strengthen the development impetus in countryside and pasture ; further do well program work to lay fundament for prodding the economy rapidly developed in new countryside and new pasture ; enhancing farmers and nomads ' skill training to bring up a group of socialistic new - type farmers and nomads who being cultured, skillful and understanding managements ; entirely deepen the reform in countryside and pasture to enhance the driving force and vitality of development of new countryside and new pasture ; realistically respect and protrude the main body position of farmer and nomad to basically change their traditional value concepts on production and livelihood

    目前要著力採取八項措施：以村鎮規劃為龍頭，認真做好新農村新牧區建設總體規劃；實施「六大工程」 ，加速新農村新牧區村鎮基礎設施建設和社會事業發展；實施「轉變、拓展、提升」三大戰略，加速農牧業增產增效和農牧民增收；加大政策扶持和資金投入力度，增強農牧區發展的動力；進一步做好項目工作，為推動新農村新牧區經濟快速發展打好基礎；加速農牧民技能培訓，造就一批有文化、懂技術、會經營的社會主義新型農牧民；全面深化農村牧區改革，增強新農村新牧區發展的動力和活力；切實尊重和突出農牧民的主體地位，從根本上轉變農牧民傳統的生產、生活方式和價值觀念。
  5. The financial shortage is displayed by the low proportion of the government appropriation for education in the financial expenditure and the low proportion of the budgetary financial educational investment in gdp. the regime shortage is displayed by that the regime of educational investment and the repay regime of educational investment in store have restricted the investment of the folk capital. the structure shortage is displayed by the critical shortage of compulsory educational investment an d the critical shortage of educational investment in the west - area and in the rural district

    總量性短缺主要表現為我國教育投資總額在國內生產總值中所佔比重偏低；財政性短缺主要表現為我國財政性教育投資在財政支出中所佔比重偏低，財政預算內教育投資在國內生產總值中所佔比重更是偏低；體制性短缺主要表現為我國現行的教育投資體制和教育投資回報體制限制了民間資本的投入；結構性短缺主要表現為義務教育投入嚴重短缺、貧困地區教育投入嚴重短缺、農村地區教育投入嚴重短缺。
  6. First chapter from the concept of science and discipline, analyses the origin, sense and characters of disciplinarity, discusses the historical background, main locations and basic forms of disciplinarity, opens out as a double exist of potency and discipline, disciplinarity has an important significance for constructing science and discipline, further, it thinks the essence of disciplinarity is a special knowledge means for combining different knowledge resources

    第一章從科學和學科的基本概念入手，分析了學科和學科規訓制度的概念由來、基本含義和特徵，探討了學科規訓制度產生的歷史背景、主要場所和基本形式，揭示了學科規訓制度作為一種權力和規訓的雙重存在方式，對于科學和學科的建構發展具有重要意義，進而指出學科規訓制度本質上就是把不同的知識資源部分結合成相互關聯的特定知識種類的手段。
  7. The paper consists of the following 4 parts : major contents of part one include the origin and evolution of geopolitics, while focus is laid on discussing the " marine rights theory " claimed by alfred thayer mahan, the " land rights theory " put forward by halford john mackinder and the " marginal zone theory " proposed by nicholas j. spykman, all of which had exerted far - reaching influences on the u. s. administration in making its realistic diplomatic policies. in part two, the paper expounds the geopolitics strategies respectively adopted by the united states and vietnam in the 1949 - 1954 period

    本文以社會主義市場化進程中的時代課題? ?效率與公平的關系問題為研究對象，以馬克思主義的基本方法為出發點，旨在闡明公平與效率的定位：效率指向經濟學稀缺，公平則指向社會秩序，在馬克思經濟學中反映為生產力與生產關系（及其所決定的上層建築）的相互關系；在西方經濟學中反映為經濟學稀缺約束下的資源配置效率與社會資源平均化程度的關系。
  8. The precipitation frequencies is analysed according to 1956 ~ 2000 years of rainfall record series in baoding area. the features of distribution of rainfall are detailed evaluated. firstly, the distribution of monthly precipitation is not even. for instance. the annual rainfall amount is about 548mm in whole year, about 80 % of them in summer season. secondly, yearly variation of rainfall is greater. thirdly, the abundant years usually are followed by short years, but the important changes have taken place in the last decades. before 70 ' s the abundant years took the dominant position, from the 70 ' s to the middle of 80 ' s the short years took place more frequently than ever. after the later of 80 ' s, the short years hold the main position. the above knowledge is instructive for guiding the rainwater resources effective utilization

    本文利用1956 2000年保定市的長系列降雨資料，對保定市降水量進行了頻率分析、年內變化分析和多年變化分析，明確了保定市降水量年內、年際間的變化情況：保定市降水量年內分配不均，汛期（ 6 - 9月）占年降水量的81 。保定市降水量年際間變化大，豐水年和枯水年交替發生， 70年代以前以豐水年段為主； 70年代到80年代前期降水量豐枯交替頻繁，總的接近於枯水年段； 80年代後期至今以枯水年段為主。這種降水分佈規律對農業生產雨水資源的高效利用具有重要的指導意義。
  9. In the first part, it elaborated the historical background and the theoretical basis of producing the marxist - leninist theory about nationalism and emphatically analyzed marx ’ s and ernst ’ s understanding about two kinds of national movements ; marx ’ s and ernst ’ s critique about the bourgeois nationalism and their exposition about the national liberation movement in asia and europe

    正文共分為三部分。第一部分闡述馬恩關於民族主義基本觀點產生的歷史背景和理論依據，著重分析馬恩對兩種民族主義運動的認識、馬恩對資產階級民族主義的批判以及對亞歐民族解放運動的論述。
  10. In the third part, it first expounded the current situation of the international and internal nationalism after the cold war ; then it remarked and analyzed this nationalism by using marxist - leninist fundamental views on nationalism

    本文的新意在於:首次梳理了馬克思、恩格斯、列寧對資產階級民族主義的有關論述，分析了有關民族主義觀點產生的歷史原因、基本內容，探析了馬列主義關於民族主義的觀點在指導無產階級革命和民族解放運動中的作用，以及對我們今天的現實意義。
  11. After considering explanations of the scenic spots and characteristics of tourists, ten planning requirements were identified : formation of guide teams, analysis of the main objects of self - guided trail explanations, consideration of resources to develop trails, determination of the interpretive themes, selection of site descriptions, writing of the plans, design of the interpretive signs, evaluation and revision of the signs, manufacture and installation of the signs, and overall evaluation of the interpretive sites

    以人本主義思想與后現代主義思想為指導原則，結合旅遊景區解說資源的特性與遊客特徵，分析出自導式解說步道規劃包含組建解說隊伍，決定解說受眾，調查解說資源，確定解說主旨，決定解說細節，撰寫解說計劃，設計解說牌示，評價與修改，生產與安裝牌示，解說點評估等10個具體步驟，並對各個具體步驟進行了探討。
  12. To do so, we can not only promote the progress of agriculture but also push the whole economy forward quickly. aiming at the tap interprise and science and technology. and fund and outer invioroment, to grope one practical developing way of agriculture of jinlin. the article is composed of four parts : i. identification and content and function of agricultural industrialization. agricultural industrialization aims at domestic and abroad market, centers on economy efficiency, is based on rural resources so as to combine agriculture and leading agricultural industry with product, to realize " to share with danger and benefit " system to establish producing and marketing system

    全文共分四部分：一、農業產業化的內涵、特徵及意義農業產業化是以國內外市場為導向，以經濟效益為中心，以本地資源為基礎，對農業和農村經濟主導產業和產品實行多層次、多形式、多元化的優化組合，將農業產前、產中、產后聯結為一個完整的產業系統，在組織上組成「風險共擔、利益均沾」的利益共同體，形成獨具特色的「龍」型生產經營體系，以達到生產專業化、經營規模化、管理規范化、服務社會化。
  13. There should be a theoretic premise if regards this theory as a fundamental in individual expendable distribution in socialistic society, which is also a general economic condition at advanced socialistic - society : a uniform public ownership of means of production was set up domestically, and a stringent planned economy was realized in a country etc. a introspection and retrospection of the theory - - - - - - distribution - according - to - work makes us clear that the aim of which is not only to acquire the value of labor force own, but to recompense a laborer with surplus work or surplus product

    馬克思提出了科學的按勞分配理論，以按勞分配作為社會主義個人消費品分配的基本原則。其理論前提是社會主義高級階段的一般經濟條件：建立了全社會范圍內統一的生產資料公有制，實現了全社會嚴格的計劃經濟等。通過對馬克思恩格斯按勞分配理論的重新考察，認為按勞分配的目的與所要解決的問題是使勞動者不僅要領回自身勞動力的價值，而且還得到部分剩餘勞動或剩餘產品。
  14. During this time, researches on big business almost developed along two roads : one is the theory of industrial organization in western economics, which focuses on applying " structure - conduct - performance " mode to studying the formation and development of big business ; the other is the theory of capital concentration in marxism, which profoundly analyzes that in competition the motivation of pursuing surplus value drives enterprises to expand, and finally the general rule that competition results in concentration which further results in monopolistic large firms is drawn

    這期間，對大企業的研究基本上是沿著兩個理論範式發展的。一個是西方經濟學中的產業組織理論，偏向于應用市場結構-行為-績效的分析範式來研究大企業的形成和發展特點；另一個是馬克思主義經濟學中的資本集中理論，深刻分析了在競爭條件下，追逐剩餘價值是刺激企業不斷擴張的動力機制，從而進一步揭示出競爭引起生產和資本的集中，集中又將導致壟斷大企業產生的一般規律。
  15. Part iii will analyze roughly the inherent defects in the independent director system brought about by the subjective and objective restrictions on the independence of a director. the main part of the thesis will be part iv - independent director system in china and part v - several thoughts on improving independent director system in china, to which the author has given her priority and preference. in these two parts, general discussions have been made on the emergency and necessity of introducing and establishing the independent director system in china, detailed discussions have been made on how legislation, implementation of laws, and supervision over the company activities can make sure that after its introduction and establishment, the independent director system can play its function and role properly in such a market economy as in our country and finally move forward the perfection of corporate governance of listed companies in our country to adapt our security market more to the opening to the outside world, to meet the challenge of wto and the needs to enter the international capital market, and to promote the fast and healthy development of our socialism market economy

    第一和第二部分詳細介紹了這一制度的產生背景、淵源及在世界范圍內的發展概況，獨立董事的地位和作用（尤其是著重剖析、介紹了其法律功能和選聘程序） ；第三部分簡要分析了董事獨立性的主客觀限制為這一制度帶來的固有缺陷；作為本文主要部分的第四部分「獨立董事制度在中國」和第五部分「對完善我國獨立董事制度的幾點思考」 ，是筆者用墨最多的一處，其中，除了泛泛而談在我國引入和建立這一制度的必要性和緊迫性以外，更多的是提出了如何從立法、執行和監管等環節確保這一好的制度能在引入和建立后，結合我國現有市場經濟的特點，真正發揮其應有的功效和作用，以最終達到推動我國上市公司治理結構完善，適應證券市場對外開放，迎接wto挑戰和進入國際資本市場融資的需要，促進我國社會主義市場經濟的快速健康發展。
  16. Because there were no ways to distinguish the two roles of the material resources production, that were common premise and historical dominant factor, two productions theory caused an argument on marxist social developing power view, which could not get rid of the chains of productive force unitary power view

    由於無法辨清作為歷史發展一般前提的物質資料生產和作為歷史主導因素的物質資料生產，因此，由兩種生產理論引發的對馬克思主義社會發展動力觀的爭論基本未能掙脫生產力一元動力觀的枷鎖。
  17. Such an ownership of the factors of production determines the mode of combination of the means of production and the labor force, and determines mostly the characteristics of socialistic production

    這樣一種生產要素所有制決定了生產資料與勞動力的特殊的結合方式，決定了社會主義生產的基本特徵。
  18. In this thesis, abundant statistical data are contained, two methods are employed to give a positive analysis on the elasticity of demand ( eod ) of i & e in china during the period from 1990 to 2001 from the following three aspects : firstly, regression analysis is applied to calculate the average eod of the general i & e. generally speaking, the export is rich in price eod while the import has a poor one. in addition, the absolute value of the sum of these two kinds of elasticity is higher than 1, which accords with marshall - lener condition and proves that devaluation of rmb should be helpful to improve the trade balance. suggestion is further provided such as cutting off producing cost of export, improving technology and implementing strategy of import substitution to improve trade balance

    本文運用豐富的統計數據資料、兩種方法、從三個層次實證分析了1990 - 2001年我國進出口商品的需求彈性：首先，運用回歸分析法計算總體進出口商品的平均彈性，得出我國出口商品總體富有價格彈性，而進口商品總體缺乏價格彈性，進出口需求價格彈性之和的絕對值大於1 ，符合馬歇爾?勒納條件，人民幣貶值有助於改善貿易收支的結論，並提出降低出口商品生產成本、提高生產技術水平、實施進口替代戰略來改善貿易收支；其次，運用彈性定義法逐年計算約100種主要出口商品和約50種主要進口商品的總體需求價格彈性，對其結果進行分析，進一步驗證了前述結論；再次，運用彈性定義法逐年計算農產品、鋼鐵、汽車、醫藥等五大類八種商品的進出口需求價格彈性，根據其不同的分佈狀況，聯系實際經濟情況，提出相應的匯率、價格及產業政策以改善貿易收支。
  19. This thesis concentrates on regenerating corporation vitality by the way both of innovating corporation structure, management system and of altering organization behavior mode in order for corporation to meet challenging environment in 21st century. it begins with analyzing the general factors affecting pro and against the corporation vitality. and then, firstly certain institutional rearrangement in corporation is suggested to solve the fundamental problem in the power house of corporation

    第二、在組織層次上，首先企業組織結構的基本模式-直線職能部制和事業部制本身存在阻礙企業活力的缺陷，其次在以出資者為中心的公司治理結構和傳統泰勒主義的管理模式中關于生產要素中人力資源從屬地位和人類行為反復常的假設與現實社會發展不符，阻礙了企業活力發揮。
  20. Productivity develop objective globalization of process as world, it socialist construction of the distinct chinese characteristics offer the seldom historical opportunity for 21 st century ; take as the western developed country as the leading factor, realize the globalization that the capital expanded, it propose the severe challenge for development of socialism with chinese characteristics

    作為世界生產力發展客觀進程的全球化，它為21世紀中國特色社會主義建設提供了難得的歷史機遇；作為西方發達國家為主導，實現資本擴張的全球化，它又為中國特色社會主義的發展提出了嚴峻的挑戰。
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