超靜定度 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [chāojìngdìngdù]
超靜定度
英文
degree of redundancy-
The method of wing shape optimization of space shutlle has been developed with penalty function approach in which the objective function is the mass of the wing and the constraints are the hypersonic re - entry flight cross range, lift / drag ratio, and subsonic flight lift / drag ratio, the margin of the longitudial static stability and the magnitude of the horizontal landing speed etc
摘要介紹了在滿足高超音速再入橫向機動航程，高超音速再入飛行時的升阻比，亞音速進場飛行時的升阻比，縱向靜穩定性裕度和水平著陸速度等飛行性能設計要求下，用罰函數法尋求使航天飛機機翼質量為最小的外形優化方法並給出了算例。Abstract : experiments were made on a ultrasonic machining tool with work - piece adhered to ultrasonic transducer head, to machine micro - holes on hard and brittle materials such as soda glass and si, to study the effects of tool materials ， work - piece materials ， amplitude ， machining load ， slurry concentration ， tool length and the size of work - piece on machining rate and wear ratio. in this experiment, the micro - tool was made through wedg
文摘:通過以wedg放電加工手段製作微細超聲加工用工具，在採用工件加振方式的微細超聲加工機上對碳酸玻璃、半導體硅等硬脆材料試件進行微孔加工的實驗，來探討在某一特定加工條件下工具材料、工件材料、工件的振幅、加工靜載荷、磨料懸浮液濃度、工具長度及工件尺寸等重要因素對加工速度、工具損耗率的影響，為微細超聲加工技術的實用化提供參考依據。In the second place, based on the asu of buggenum igcc plant in netherlands, both static and dynamical model for distillation tower of the asu are created and some valuable conclusions are gained as well. finally, a compartmental simplified model is created for distillation tower of the asu, in order to reduce the simulation time and increase the simulation efficiency. the new model will be helpful to the further simulation and on - line optimal control for the asu of the igcc plant
其次，本文以荷蘭buggenum電站的空分系統為原型，基於matlab建立了空分系統精餾塔的半圖形化動、靜態數學模型，並通過模擬，得出了一些有價值的結論：當空分系統的壓力變化時，氧氣產品濃度的響應時間常數為兩小時左右，說明空分系統是igcc電站最大延遲環節；而且雖然氧氣濃度最後會穩定在igcc電站所要求的范圍之內，但在過渡過程中會超出限制，這些都為igcc電站的安全運行及控制系統設計提供了有價值的信息。The dual - bath coagulation method suggested by j. a. va n ' t hof could be used in membranes with high selectivity clearance rate of low - molecular weight substances and moderate water flux theoretically. therefore it may be applied in the field of hemofiltration. to improve and optimize the performance of the pes ultrafiltration membrane applied in the hf, here the flat membranes and hollow fiber ( hf ) membranes are made in certain conditions based on the dual - bath coagulation method where pes is used as the membrane material, dmso as solvent and pvp & peg as additives this paper includes five parts as follow : 1
為了改善和優化聚醚碸超濾膜（單浴法）在血液過濾實際應用中的性能，本論文以j . a . van ' thof等提出的雙凝固浴法為基礎，以聚醚碸（ pes ）為主要成膜材料，以二甲基亞碸為溶劑，並添加一定分子量的致孔劑（ pvp ，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮）以及一定分子量的添加劑（ peg ，聚乙二醇）按照一定配比在一定溫度下製成透明均一的鑄膜液，靜置脫泡后在一定的工藝條件下製成聚醚碸平板膜和中空纖維膜，然後通過測試膜的結構和性能來評估其用於血液過濾中的前景。Experimental result indicates that the kgw - xx radio altimeter can provide steady height data at ultra - low altitude, so it can be used as an altitude sensor of a tow target system, and the height data shows a bigger ladder error that affects the precision of the tow target system
靜態模擬測高試驗結果表明：該高度表可在超低空狀態下提供穩定的高度數據，可以作為某型拖靶系統的高度傳感器；該高度表提供的高度數據存在著較大的階梯誤差，將影響拖靶系統的恆高精度。Reliability assessment of xi - luo - du underground water - power plant : the results have been used by the cheng - du surveying, design and research institute for the preliminary design ; （ 2 ） the stress and strain analysis for the xiao - guan - zi sluice and its foundation : the report has been applied for the reinforcement of the foundation ; （ 3 ） the thermal control procedure for the no. 7 - 14 power plant dam segments of the three gorge project ： the research report provides the effective and efficient methods for the controlling of the temperature field in the mass concrete structure ; （ 4 ） the software system development for the long - term monitoring for dikes ： the software can automatically give the results of the seepage field and the probability of soil piping of dikes and underground ; （ 5 ） reliability assessment of xiang - jia - ba underground water - power plant : the results have been used by the zhong - nan surveying, design and research institute for the preliminary design ； （ 6 ） fatigue reliability estimation of shipping berthing pillar : the results give the optimized design scheme and prediction of the structural age ; （ 7 ） 3 - d static and dynamic stochastic finite element analysis for the strength, stability and thermal control problem for xi - luo - du project
溪洛渡水電站超大型地下洞室群圍巖穩定的安全可靠性分析：被成都勘測設計研究院應用於比選報告及可行性論證中； （ 2 ）小關子水電站攔河閘壩及地基的應力應變分析：被成都勘測設計研究院應用於地基加固處理方案； （ 3 ）三峽廠房7 # - 14 #壩段溫控並縫措施研究：為廠房壩段並縫方案的可行性提供了依據； （ 4 ）堤防工程體系的長期監控預報預警決策系統開發：為監控、預測預報堤防滲漏管涌破壞提供分析軟體； （ 5 ）向家壩地下洞室群圍巖穩定的安全可靠性分析：被中南勘測設計研究院應用於初步設計方案中； （ 6 ）靠船墩的疲勞可靠度研究：為廣東航運規劃設計院的靠船墩優化設計和加固提供依據； （ 7 ）溪洛渡高拱壩壩體壩基（壩肩）強度和穩定的三維靜動力隨機有限元分析及可靠度計算：為溪洛渡重大工程壩體的靜動力安全穩定性及溫控方案提供依據。Based on comparison of several technical schemes, the method of sand bedding pre - elevating and step water - filling pre - compressing is adopted. so the dissertation is consist of two parts : ( 1 ) the applicability study for the method of sand bedding pre - elevating and step water - filling pre - compressing, including numerical analyses for the thickness of sand bedding, the consolidation, settlement and stability of foundation, drainage, possibility of foundation liquefaction under seismic loading, et al. ( 2 ) monitoring at construction stage and checking the effect of foundation treatment, including the measurements of the settlement velocity and non - uniform settlement of ring beam under the tank, pore pressures and horizontal displacements in foundation, the pressure distribution at the bottom of oil tank and the strength increase of soils
通過多種技術方案比較，最終選擇了技術先進的砂墊層預抬高分級充水預壓法，論文工作主要由以下兩部分組成： （ 1 ）砂墊層預抬高分級充水預壓法的適用性研究，其中包括砂墊層厚度、地基沉降與固結度、地基穩定性、降水、地震作用下砂土液化的可能性等方面的計算分析； （ 2 ）施工監測與地基處理效果檢驗，其中包括油罐環梁基礎沉降速率與不均勻沉降程度、各分級充水加載階段地基超靜孔壓與深層水平位移、油罐底板壓力分佈及地基土強度增長等方面的實測與數據分析。The static loads were placed step by step in time sequence in order to simulate the construction conditions of the dam during the calculation. the results of the analysis show that excess pore water pressure would not appear in the design section during the analysis results that the dam was statically stable and the construction process was reasonable
在靜力分析過程中採用在時域上逐步加載的方法，模擬了壩體的施工填築過程，計算結果表明，設計斷面在貯灰過程中不會產生很高的超靜孔壓，壩體靜力穩定狀態較好，施工進度合理。It ' s the first time clearly and systematically to present the concepts of restraint influence coefficient of steel to strain increment, to curvature increment and to deflection increment due to creep which are different each other. theoretical formulae are established, and approximate formulae are also obtained while considering the characteristics of common - used concrete and ambient condition of real bridges in china. so, an approximate restraint influence coefficient method to analyze the effect due to creep and shrinkage in pc bridges is put forward, and the equations to estimate second - force due to creep considering influence of steel in system - transferred continuous pc bridges is also established
本文首次清晰而系統地提出了鋼筋對徐變的不同效應（徐變應變、徐變曲率、徐變上拱）約束影響系數的概念，建立了相應的計算式；結合我國普遍採用的混凝土的徐變特性和橋梁的構造特點及工作中南大學博士學位論文摘要環境特徵，給出了具有較高計算精度的實用計算式;在此基礎上，建立了橋梁徐變效應近似分析的鋼筋約束影響系數法，並推導出了考慮鋼筋影響的超靜定梁徐變次內力的近似計算式，可方便地應用於橋梁研究和設計中。The study shows that besides boundary conditions, the factors influencing the nonlinear consolidation behavior of soils are the compression index cc, the permeability index ck, the level and the rate of loading, and the thickness of soil, etc. in nonlinear consolidation, especially for layered soils, the average consolidation degree defined by settlement, us is greater than the one defined by effective stress, up, i. e., the rate of the development of settlement is greater than that of the dissipation of excess pore water pressure
研究表明，除邊界條件外，影響軟土地基一維非線性固結性狀的主要因素是壓縮指數c _ c 、滲透指數c _ k 、荷載大小與加荷速率、土層厚度等。對于非線性固結，特別是成層地基，按沉降定義的平均固結度u _ s大於按有效應力定義的平均固結度u _ p ，即沉降發展速率要快于超靜孔壓消散的速率。This kind of controller is easy to design and operate, and has improved convergence rates and less overshoot than pid controller, but has stable error. in order to improve the properties of the fuzzy controllers, fine - tune - rule fuzzy controller, fine - tuned parameter fuzzy controller and fuzzy - pi controller were designed respectively based on the simple fuzzy controller. then fuzzy logic inferential system is established by using toolbox of fuzzy logic in matlab7. 0. secondly, in simulink6. 0, through the instance of the template of s - function, the module of s - function for optimizing fuzzy control and corresponding control model are constructed, and the parameters of simulation are set
這種控制器易於設計、實現方便，較傳統pid控制有更快的響應速度和更小的超調，但其存在靜態誤差;為了進一步提高模糊控制器的控制特性，在此基礎上分別設計了可調整控制規則模糊控制器、參數自整定模糊控制器和模糊- pid復合控制器;然後利用matlab7 . 0模糊邏輯工具箱圖形用戶界面建立模糊邏輯推理系統，在simulink6 . 0系統模擬設計平臺中通過實例化s函數模板創建旨在優化模糊控制的s函數功能模塊，並構建模糊控制系統框圖模型，設置系統模擬參數，最終對系統進行動態模擬。It has been shown that in one - dimensional consolidation problem considering rheological characteristics of soil, there exists two consolidation degrees defined in different terms, i. e. up which is in terms of effective stress and us which is in terms of settlement. while up shows the rate of the dissipation of excess pore pressure ( or the increase of effective stress ), us indicates the rate of the development of the surface settlement of the system. and there exists significant difference in numerical value between up and us, especially for layered soils
分析研究表明：當考慮土的流變時，存在著兩種不同定義的平均固結度，即按有效應力定義的固結度u _ p和按沉降定義的固結度u _ s ，前者反映了地基中超靜孔壓的消散率（或有效應力的增長率） ，而後者反映的則是地基表面的沉降率，兩者在數值上有較大的差異，特別是對于成層地基。Mechanical design on fixed position by high precision optics, very quiet and exact, tolerance only 1 m
超精密光學定位機構設計，安靜而準確度高，誤差僅1 m 。According to different transverse difference in temperature and lengthways difference in temperature, the paper gave the method of computing temperature effect including : 1 ) the stress ot1 caused by nonlinear difference in temperature. 2 ) the constrain stress o t2 in undetermined structures by equivalent difference in temperature. 3 ) the constrain stress ot3 caused in undetermined structures by even difference in temperature tm
針對具有不同性質的橫向溫差和縱向溫差，本文分別提出了預應力結構的溫度效應的計算方法，包括： 1 ）非線性溫差引起的自約束應力_ （ t1 ） ； 2 ）等效線性溫差引起的超靜定結構的約束太原理工大學碩士學位論文應力民3 ）均勻溫差tw引起超靜定結構中的約束應力4 4 ）均勻溫差tm引起梁的軸向變形受到柱的側向約束，與預應力筋的溫度變形之間的差異引起的預應力的變化。The result of the experiment indicated that the capability of adsorption decrease with ultrasound intensity, while the rate of the extraction and adsorptin increase. the model resulst also showed that the theoretical value of the homogeneous model considering intrapartical diffusion and outside - surface diffusion with freundlich phase equilibrium equation are agfeeable with the experimental value
在吸附實驗中，測定了不同強度超聲場下梔子甙與1300樹脂上吸附平衡曲線、靜態吸附動力學曲線、動態穿透曲線。實驗結果表明，吸附容量隨著超聲波強度的增加而減少，而浸取、吸附速率隨著超聲波強度的增加而增大。Rigid - framed arch bridge is a statically indeterminate structure with thrusting force and over the cross section of the bridge structure induce obvious stresses resulted from temperature variations. however, because of the complexity of this bridge structures, it is so difficult to calculate temperature stress, and that researchers and designers have to simplify the calculating methods, and get inaccurate conclusions
剛架拱橋是一種有推力的高次超靜定結構，溫度效應對其的影響相當明顯；但由於其構造復雜，計算結構的溫度應力存在著很大的困難，這就使得研究和設計人員採取簡化的計算方法，但得出的結論粗糙。The cable - stayed bridge is an indeterminate structure with high degrees, and it is hard to design and construct this bridge
現代斜拉橋屬高次超靜定結構，設計和施工的難度都較大。However, the pre - stressed anchor cables on the upper part of the piles make the whole stabilizing system like freely supported beams or some other h yperstatic structures. with the number of restraints increasing, it makes much easier to control the displacement of the piles and to reduce the bending moments and shearing forces along the piles to a certain extent
增加預應力錨索后，整個結構體系接近簡支梁或其它超靜定結構，隨著約束的增加樁身的位移控制變得容易許多，同時樁身內力值也在一定程度上減少較多。Based on the steel - concrete coordinating relations, element stiffness matrix of geometrically nonlinear analysis, formulas for self - stresses by temperatures and displacements, stresses of corresponding superfluous structures are further studied. furthermore, a new theory and method for structural geometrical nonlinearity and buckling analysis is put forward
根據鋼混協作關系進一步推導出鋼混組合構件幾何非線性分析單元剛度矩陣、溫度自應力及鋼混超靜定結構溫度位移和應力的計算公式，建立了一種新的基於鋼混協作關系的異種材料組合構件的幾何非線性和結構穩定性分析方法。Because continuous rigid frame bridge is a kind of multi - degree indeterminate structure, large internal force will be produced in the bridge structure due to the temperature effect. therefore, it is necessary to design the flexible pier with small lateral displacement rigidity, which calls for the decision of a reasonable ratio of beam bending rigidity to pier lateral displacement rigidity
此外，連續剛構橋是高次超靜定結構，溫度變化將引起較大的結構內力，需要設計抗推剛度較小的柔性墩以減小溫度內力，合理確定主梁與墩的剛度比值是設計的關鍵。分享友人